QUORN

TOOL AND CUTTER GRINDER

b y D. H. C h a d d o c k , C . B . E .
Parr XlII From page 583

IN GRINDING helical tooth cutters either in the

“first” or “second” position, consideration must be
given to which part of the face will actually
control the clearance angle. With a right-handed Fig. 50 (omitted from a previous article) shows a
cutter the offset is continually increasing and there- ball-handle heing turned in three-jaw with the tail
end supported by a female running centre.
fore the first part of the cutter to engage the wheel
will control the clearance angle. With a left-handed
cutter the converse is true and the position of the The basic “third position” in cutter grinding is
tooth rest should be gauged accordingly. There is shown in Fig. 69. Here the end teeth of a cutter,
therefore no advantage in using broad faced in this case a 3/8 in. dia. end mill, are being ground.
wheels and indeed a wheel may be deliberately set The shank of the cutter is held in a collet chuck
slightly away from strict parallelism or dressed and after one tooth has been set horizontal or
slightly concave to localise the point of contact. what comes to the same thing, vertical by means
of the long setting pin already shown in Fig. 65
A close-up of an end mill, the tooth rest and a
the index plate is set to zero and locked. All
cup wheel in the position where grinding is just
further indexing is done by reference to it. That is
about to begin is shown in Fig. 68. Incidentally the
to say if initially a tooth was set vertical it is only
wheel is not quite so coarse as it appears in this
necessary to turn it through 90 deg. to establish a
photograph, it has been freshly dressed and the
new zero in the next quadrant in which of course
new grains have caught the light. Also the writer
it will be horizontal. Successive teeth for cutters
must apologise for an error in the drawing in
with 2, 3, 4, 6 of 12 teeth can then be brought
Fig. 37 on page 292 of the tooth rest bar with a
into exactly the same position by using the appro-
turned down end. It should be 7 in. overall, that is
priate holes in the index plate.
5 in. long from the shoulder otherwise it will not
be long enough to bring the tooth rest blade to the
position shown in Fig. 66. Fig. 69. The “third position” in cutter grinding. Here
a 3/8 in. dia. end mill is being ground.
Fig. 68. End-mill about to be ground, using t o o t h

632 MODEL ENGINEER 5 JULY 1974

 The tooth clearance angle is directly set by
usingg the tilting bracket, here set over 5 deg. and
thereby inclining the axis of the cutter by this
angle to the always vertical face of the wheel.
Before commencing to grind use the rocking lever
and its fine adjustment screw to limit the travel of
the work-head and the cutter as it is swung back
and forth across the face of the grinding wheel so
that, although the tooth being operated upon can
be ground across its full face width, the next tooth
cannot come into inadvertent contact with the
periphery of the grinding wheel.
This is a particularly 'delicate adjustment with
small 2-tooth slot mills where the teeth must be
ground exactly to the centre line but not beyond it
otherwise the opposite tooth will be F destroyed.
Although the end teeth of end mills andd the side
teeth of side and face cutters are nominally square
it is better if they are in fact ground slightly con-
cave, say 1 deg. This is because the tips of the
TURN UP THE snifter union connection and press
into the flange, then drill the three 1/4in. holes for
the superheater supply pipes, as shown, followed
by the six No. 34 fixing holes. Offer up to the
steam pipe flange, spot through the No. 34 holes,
drill No.. 43 and tap 6BA for the fixing bolts.
These latter should be home made from 1/4in. dia
phosphor bronze rod, as were the inner dome
screws earlier. Now, fashion the three supply
pipes to their respective elements to place.
A simple brazing jig is now required, from a
piece of 10 s.w.g. steel plate and size roughly
3-1/2in. X 2-1/2in. Lay on the smokebox tubeplate
former and drill through at the three flue centres,
also at that for the steam pipe. Open out at the
flue centres to 7/16in. dia, a neat fit over the
co-axial elements, then drill the remaining hole
to 3/8in. dia and use a piece of bar to align with
the 3/8in. hole in the superheater flange. Drill
through from two or three of the No. 34 holes
in the flange into the jig. In order to be able
to braze the supply pipes to the co-axial elements
MODEL ENGINEER 5 JULY 1974
teeth do the most work and will wear down first.
If they were absolutely square in the first place the
very slightest amount of wear would cause the
cutter to begin cutting on the heel of the teeth
with a resultant loss in flatness of the work and
freedom in cutting. By grinding the cutter slightly
over square, wear makes it squarer and delays the
time when it begins to cut on the heel. This adjust-
ment can be very simply y and accurately made by
positioning the rotating base 1 deg. short of a true
right angle. When all the adjustments are made
and the settings locked the front bar is released and
under control of its micrometer screw the first
tooth ground. When it has cleaned up, the micro-
meter sleeve is set to zero, backed off and the
next tooth ground to the same setting. This is one
of the simplest and quickest operations in cutter
grinding and takes little longer than grinding a
twist drill but with the QUORN the results are
much more certain! To be continued
MOUNTAINEER
A narrow-gauge 2-6-2 tank locomotive
for 3-1/2inn gauge
by Don Young
From page 592
in a proper manner, the superheater flange must
protrude by, say, 3/4in. from the jig plate, so make
up spacers of this thickness, from1/4in. rod
drilled No. 32. You can now assemblee the pieces
as they were in the boiler, then slide in the
return pipes, first right up to the end plugs and
then withdraw them by the 5/16 in. specified,
before brazing the whole lot up. At thiss stage we'
must lay the superheater aside for a while.
The requirement for the smokebox shell is a
7in. length of 4-3/4in. o.d. X 10 s.w.g. brass tube,
which is a commercial size and neatly abuts
against the boiler barrel. Grip by the bore in
the 3-jaw chuck and face the ends square to an
overall length of 6-7/8in. At 3-7/8in. from the front
end, lightly scribe a line right round the tube
whilst still in the lathe. Offer the smokebox shell
up to the boiler, it should be a good fit over the
extension of the smokebox tubeplate. If there is
any excess spelter, or rather a proper fillet,
chamfer the inside of the smokebox shell to suit.
If the fit is at all slack, use a few 6BA counter-
633