ORAL ANATOMY – LECTURE – 9/13/19
PERIOD
PRIMARY TEETH
 Emergence of the primary dentition takes
place between the sixth and thirtieth months of
postnatal life.
 It takes from 2 to 3 years for the primary
dentition to be completed
 The emergence of the primary dentition
through the alveolar mucous membrane is an
important time for the development of oral
motor behavior and the acquisition of
masticator skills.
 Learning of mastication may be highly
dependent on the stage and development of
the dentition, the maturation of the neu-
romuscular system, and such factors as diet.
 Enamel organs (Figure 2-5) do not all
develop at the same rate; some teeth are
completed before others are formed, which
results in different times of eruption
 Some of the primary/deciduous teeth are
undergoing resorption while the roots of
others are still forming.
 The primary dentition is completely formed by
about age 3 and functions for a relatively short
period of time before it is lost completely at
about age 11.
SEQUENCE OF ERUPTION OF THE PRIMARY
TEETH
A) Central Incisor
B) Lateral Incisor
C) Canine
D) First Molar
E) Second Molar
TRANSITIONAL (MIXED) DENTITION
 The first transition dentition begins
with the emergence and eruption of
the mandibular first permanent
molars and ends with the loss of the
last primary tooth, which usually
occurs at about age 11 to 12.
 The initial phase of the transition
period lasts about 2 years, during
which time the permanent first
molars erupt (Figures 2-10 and 2-
11), the primary inci- sors are
shed, and the permanent incisors
emerge and erupt into position
 The permanent teeth do not begin
eruptive movements until after
the crown is com- pleted.
 During eruption, the permanent
mandibular first molar is guided by
the distal surface of the second
primary molar.
PERMANENT DENTITION
 The permanent dentition consisting of 32
teeth is completed from 18 to 25 years of age
if the third molar is included.
 Apparently there are four or more centers of
formation (developmental lobes) for each
tooth. The formation of each center proceeds
until a coalescence of all of them takes place.
 The follicles of the developing incisors and
canines are in a position lingual to the
deciduous roots
 The developing premolars, which eventually
take the place of deciduous molars, are within
the bifurcation of primary molar roots.
 The permanent incisors, canines, and
premolars are called succedaneous teeth
because they take the place of their primary
predecessors.
 The central incisor is the second permanent
tooth to emerge into the oral cavity.
 MIXED PERMANENT
curvatures than those of permanent molars,
which narrows the occlusal surface
8. The primary teeth are usually less pigmented
11 and are whiter in appearance than the
7 years
years permanent teeth

A. The enamel cap of primary molars is thinner

12
years and has more consistent depth.
B. A comparatively greater thickness of dentin
8
years is over the pulpal wall at the occlusal fossa of
primary molars
15
C. The pulpal horns are higher in primary
years molars, especially the mesial horns, and pulp
chambers are proportionately larger
D. The cervical ridges are more pronounced,
9 especially on the buccal aspect of the first
years
21 primary molars
E. The enamel rods at the cervix is slope
occlusally instead of a gingivally as in the
permanent teeth
F. The primary molars have a markedly
10 35 constricted neck compared with the
years
permanent molars
G. The roots of the primary teeth are longer and
Late Adolesce
childhoo nce and more slender in comparison with the crown
size than those of the permanent tooth
H. The roots of the primary molars flare out
IMPORTANCE OF PRIMARY TEETH nearer the cervix than those of the
For Mastication and functions in maintaining the permanent teeth
space of eruption of the permanent teeth.

1. The crowns of primary anterior teeth are wider

mesiodistally in comparison with their crown
length are the permanent teeth
2. The roots of primary anterior teeth are
narrower and longer.
3. The roots of primary molars are longer and
more slender and flare more, extending out
beyond projected outlines of the crowns.
4. The cervical ridges of enamel of the anterior
teeth are more prominent
5. The crown and roots of primary molars at
their cervical portions are more slender
mesiodistally
6. The cervical ridges buccally on the primary
molars are much more pronounced,
especially on the maxillary and mandibular
first molars.
7. The buccal and lingual surfaces of the
primary molars are flatter above the cervical