PARTS OF A TOOTH

The crown of the tooth

which is visible in the
mouth.
The root of the tooth is
the portion which is
normally not visible in the
mouth and is anchored
within the bone.
PARTS OF A TOOTH
Enamel – Makes up the protective outer
surface of the crown of the tooth.
Dentin – Makes up the majority of the inner
surface of the tooth. It cannot normally be seen
except on x-rays.
Pulp – This is the area inside the tooth that
holds the nerves and blood vessels of the tooth.
It is in the center of the tooth and is in both the
crown and the root of the tooth.
Cementum – Makes up the outer surface of the
root of the tooth. It is much softer than enamel.
TYPES OF TEETH
INCISORS
 located at the front of the
mouth
 have a sharp biting surface
and are used for cutting or
shearing food into small
chewable pieces.
 There are eight incisors in
both primary and permanent
dentitions.
TYPES OF TEETH
CANINES
are situated at the 'corners' of
the dental arches.
 They have a sharp, pointed
biting surface.
Their function is to grip and
tear food.
There are four canine teeth
in both primary and
permanent dentitions.
TYPES OF TEETH
PREMOLARS
have a flat biting surface
 Their function is to tear
and crush food.
 They are unique to the
permanent dentition which
has eight premolars.
TYPES OF TEETH
MOLARS
The molars are the largest of
the teeth.
They have a large flat biting
surface.
The function of the molars is
to chew, crush and grind food.
There are eight molars in the
primary dentition and twelve
in the permanent dentition.
Primary(deciduous teeth)
 also called “temporary”, “milk”, and “baby teeth
 there are twenty(20) primary teeth
 first primary teeth usually appear between 6 to 10 months
eruption is completed between 3 and 4 years of age
 the process of normal exfoliation takes place between the
seventh and the twelfth year
Permanent(succedaneous) teeth
 replaces the exfoliated deciduous teeth
 transition to permanent dentition begins with the eruption
and emergence of the first permanent molar(6 years old)
 the number of teeth in adults, including third molars
when present, is 32
 the primary function is to prepare food for swallowing
and to facilitate digestion
Major contrasts between primary and
permanent teeth:
 thereare 20 primary teeth and 32 permanent ones
 the primary teeth are smaller than the permanent ones
 the permanent teeth are of better quality and more
durable
 the primary teeth are whiter in appearance
 the roots of the primary teeth are more flared
Important Milestones in the Growth and
Development of Your Child's Teeth:
Age 1
By the first birthday, the bottom and top front teeth have come in.
The first primary molars are about to appear and the crowns of the
second primary molars have formed. The biting surfaces of the first
permanent molars are being formed and the first permanent incisors
are hardening. The jaw is increasing in size in both height and
width as the cartilage and bones are growing.
Important Milestones in the Growth and
Development of Your Child's Teeth:
Age 3
By the child's 3rd birthday, almost all the primary teeth are present or
accounted for. The teeth should fit together at this stage which is the start
of a developing occlusion or bite. The crowns of the first permanent
incisors are almost complete. The crowns of the first permanent molars
are complete. Mineralization of the premolar crowns are starting and the
permanent canines are about two-thirds complete. The roots of all the
primary teeth are complete.
Important Milestones in the Growth and
Development of Your Child's Teeth:
Age 5
A lot is going on in your 5-year-old. Breakdown (resorption) of the roots of
baby incisors is taking place which allows the adult incisors to come in.
When baby teeth are ready to come out, they will at first feel loose and
eventually fall out on their own. The baby tooth will appear as if it did not
have roots, however this is the process of resorption taking place. The roots
of the permanent first molars and permanent incisors are beginning to
mineralize at this time too. On occasion the adult teeth erupt adjacent to the
baby teeth and this may result in two rows of teeth. A consultation with your
dentist at this time is important to determine the status of the baby teeth.
Important Milestones in the Growth and
Development of Your Child's Teeth:
Age 6
This is a time of great change. Growth in the skull and upper part of the face is
almost complete at this time. However, growth in the lower part of the face is
just beginning. It's at this time that your child will start to lose his or her "baby
face."
Your first grader will have their first permanent molars making their way into
the mouth. Usually these teeth erupt without much fuss. The front baby teeth
are loose around this time allowing for the permanent incisors to grow through
the gums. The roots of the primary teeth continue to resorb and the crown of the
permanent canine is fully formed.
Important Milestones in the Growth and
Development of Your Child's Teeth:
Age 10
Many changes have already taken place in your child's mouth. The
permanent incisors are by now fully into your child’s mouth and the
primary molars are beginning to loosen and fall out. The permanent
molars are in position and the second permanent molars are beginning
to find their way into the mouth. The roots of the baby canines are
resorbing to make way for the permanent canines. The upper canines
are one of the last teeth to erupt into the mouth. These “eye teeth”
help to close the space between your child's upper front teeth.
Important Milestones in the Growth and
Development of Your Child's Teeth:
Age 13
Your child is now 13 and has all of his or her permanent teeth
in with the exception of the last molars, often called the wisdom
teeth. The bones and jaws are reaching their adult dimensions
and strength. There are 32 teeth in the mouth including the
wisdom teeth still under the gums.
PRIMARY TEETH ERUPTION
CHART
PERMANENT TEETH ERUPTION