Quiz Problem Set

Interpersonal Communications
by Kory Floyd Second Edition

Lecture 1: About Communication

MULTIPLE CHOICE:
1. All of the following are a type of noise that might inhibit communication except
a. physical noise
b. psychological noise
c. psychonormative noise
d. physiological noise

2. Ethical communication generally involves

a. treating people fairly
b. honesty in communication
c. avoiding immoral behavior
d. all of these

3. Empathy is best defined as

a. feeling sorry for someone else
b. an ability to identify, feel, and relate to what others are feeling
c. the ability to keep other people’s feelings separated from your feelings
d. paying attention to how others are evaluating your social skills

4. An example of a channel-lean communication context would be

a. having a face-to-face conversation with your mom
b. sending a text message to your roommate
c. taking a long walk with your romantic partner
d. going deer hunting with your dad and brothers

5. Research has found that communication with friends and confidants

a. decreases a person’s physical and mental health
b. increases a person’s self-monitoring skills
c. increases a person’s life expectancy
d. decreases a person’s ability to relate to his or her own family members

FILL IN THE BLANK:

6. The tendency to behave in morally correct ways is a characteristic of a/an _________ person.
7. Most people believe that __________ is the number one reason that relationships are ended.
8. The receiver of a message will ________it, or interpret it.
9. The most contemporary model of human communication is the _________model.
10. A _________is a characteristic that discredits a person, making him or her to be seen as abnormal or undesirable

ANSWERS:
Multiple Choice: 1 (c); 2 (d); 3 (b); 4 (b); 5 (c);
Fill in the Blank: 6 (ethical); 7 (poor communication); 8 (decode); 9 (transaction); 10 (stigma)

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS:
1. In what ways do we negotiate our own identities through communication? How do we do this as individuals? As families? As societies?
2. Suppose your mom says to you, “I love it when you call me.â€​ What are some ways you could describe the relational dimension of that message?
3. Implicit communication rules are never taught or verbalized, yet people seem to know and follow them anyway. How do you think we learn implicit rules?
4. Why is it important to communicate ethically, when people often have such different ideas about ethics?

Lecture 2: Culture and Gender

MULTIPLE CHOICE:
1. People from the southern United States often say “y’allâ€​ when referring to others; however, people from other parts of the United States do not typically use that term. For
people from the South, this is an example of
a. in-group language use
b. out-group language use
c. psychonormative language use
d. gendered language use

2. Researchers Ann Kring and Albert Gordon have found that when it comes to sex differences and emotion,
a. men and women report expressing equal amounts of emotion
b. men and women report experiencing equal amounts of emotion
c. men and women are equally likely to limit or mask their emotional expressions
d. men and women vary greatly in their emotional experiences

3. People raised in a/an culture are taught to believe that all people are equal and that no one person or group should have excessive power.
a. high-power-distance
b. low-power-distance
c. expressive
d. high-context

4. The U.S. American phrase “a dime a dozenâ€​ is an example of a cultural

a. norm
b. jargon
c. idiom
d. tradition

5. Of the statements below, the best example of expressive talk is

a. “If I were you, this is how I would fix your problem.â€​
b. “I think you and Sally should just break up. I mean, what’s the point in hanging on?â€​
c. “I love you and I am so thankful for your support during this rough time for me.â€​
d. “You’re crazy! You need to get into therapy and fast!"

FILL IN THE BLANK:

6. Within many large cultures are a host of smaller groups of people researchers refer to as ____________.
7. The phrase “looking out for number oneâ€​ is reflective of the ______________cultural viewpoint.
8. People in high- ______________cultures are raised to believe that certain people or groups deserve to have more power than others.
9. The perception of time as holistic, fluid, and unstructured is associated with the ______________orientation toward time.
10. A person who is both highly masculine and highly feminine would be described as ___________.

ANSWERS:
Multiple Choice: 1 (a); 2 (b); 3 (b); 4 (c); 5 (c);
Fill in the Blank: 6 (co-cultures); 7 (individualistic); 8 (power-distance); 9 (polychronic); 10 (androgynous)

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
1. Culture is something that we often assume only other people have. What are some of the cultural and co-cultural influences on your behavior?
2. The United States is sometimes criticized for being as individualistic as it is. What are some good things about growing up in an individualistic culture? In what ways might
growing up in a collectivistic culture be better?
3. Many researchers believe that all behavioral differences between women and men (apart from reproductive behaviors) stem from social infl uences. Do you think that’s true? Can
you think of any behavioral differences that might be biological or genetic in origin?
4. Are masculinity and femininity different cultures? What are some reasons to think they are?

Lecture 3 Communication and the Self

MULTIPLE CHOICE:
1. The motivation to maintain some degree of influence in our relationships is known as the need for
a. belonging
b. control
c. inclusion
d. autonomy

2. The name for the situation in which expectations cause people to act and communicate in ways that make the expectations come true is
a. self-fulfilling prophecy
b. self-serving bias
c. self-disclosure
d. social comparison

3. Craig hates being imposed upon by others. Craig has a high degree of
a. fellowship face
b. competence face
c. connectedness face
d. autonomy face

4. After Frances shares with James her intense fear of public speaking, James then feels compelled to share with Frances something personal about himself. That example illustrates
that self-disclosure usually occurs incrementally and is guided by
a. the norm of reciprocity
b. the rule of reciprocation
c. disclosure rules
d. the need for inclusion

5. The aspects of self-disclosure that characterize social penetration theory are

a. breadth and depth
b. honesty and intimacy
c. quantity and quality
d. good and bad

FILL IN THE BLANK

6. Your _____________consists of ways you tend to think and act across most situations.
7. Through ______________our self-concept is influenced by how we think other people see us.
8. The subjective evaluation of one’s value and worth as a person is known as one’s _________________.
9. A behavior that threatens one’s face need is known as a _______________.
10. Disclosures made in an online environment would be described as __________ when they are more personal in nature than they would be face-to-face.

ANSWERS:
Multiple Choice: 1 (b); 2 (a); 3 (d); 4 (a); 5 (a);
Fill in the Blank: 6 (personality); 7 (reflected appraisal); 8 (self-esteem); 9 (facethreatening act); 10 (hyperpersonal)

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS:
1. In what ways has your self-concept changed over the course of your adolescent and adult life? What parts of your self-concept have remained relatively constant?
2. When it comes to social comparison, what reference groups are particularly relevant to you?
3. What’s good about gossip? In what ways can gossip produce positive relational outcomes?
4. What are some situations that threaten people’s need for inclusion? Their need for affection? Their need for control? How do you generally react in those situations?

Lecture 4 Interpersonal Perception

MULTIPLE CHOICE:
1. A characteristic that does not make a particular stimulus more likely to be selected for attention is that
a. it is unusual
b. it is expected
c. you are frequently exposed to it
d. it is of high intensity

2. Lacking the ability to take another person’s perspective is known as

a. egocentrism
b. id
c. superego
d. cultural relativism

3. Cherie sees her new partner as perfect, although her friends can see many flaws. Cherie is experiencing
a. negativity bias
b. positivity bias
c. perceptual set
d. egocentrism

4. Frankie believes that he got into graduate school at his top-choice university because he is a good student. Jolie believes that she was not accepted for admission to her first-
pick university because she is
an out-of-state student. Frankie and Jolie are engaging in
a. overattribution
b. attributional reasoning
c. self-serving bias
d. errors in judgment

5. The predisposition to perceive only what we want or expect to perceive is known as

a. interpretation
b. organization
c. attribution
d. perceptual set

FILL IN THE BLANK

6. The first of the three stages of perception is the __________stage.
7. A _______________is a set of behaviors that is expected of someone in a particular social situation.
8. According to the ____________, first impressions are crucial because they set the tone for future interactions.
9. The _____________posits that the most recent impression we have of someone is more powerful than our earlier impressions.
10. Singling out one or two obvious characteristics of a person and attributing everything he or she does to those characteristics is known as ______________.

ANSWERS
Multiple Choice: 1 (b); 2 (a); 3 (b); 4 (c); 5 (d);
Fill in the Blank: 6 (selection); 7 (social role); 8 (primacy effect); 9 (recency effect); 10 (overattribution)

Lecture 5 Listening
MULTIPLE CHOICE:
1. Which of the following is not a part of the definition of listening?
a. It is an active process.
b. It involves the creation of meaning.
c. It deals with only spoken messages.
d. It occurs automatically.

2. Using facial expressions and a verbal statement such as “I understandâ€​ to let the speaker know you are paying attention is an example of the type of listening responses
called
a. analyzing
b. empathizing
c. paraphrasing
d. backchanneling

3. Assigning meaning to what we hear illustrates the HURIER model’s stage of

a. hearing
b. remembering
c. interpreting
d. responding

4. The type of listening that involves trying to understand a situation from the speaker’s perspective is
a. empathic listening
b. informative listening
c. critical listening
d. persuasive listening

5. In class, Charyn cannot keep her mind off her problems at work. However, she pretends to listen to the professor’s lecture. Charyn is experiencing the barrier to effective
listening known as
a. information overload
b. noise
c. pseudolistening
d. glazing over

FILL IN THE BLANK:

6. Regarding the relationship between hearing and listening, __________is a passive process, whereas _________ is an active process.
7. __________occurs when someone listens only to the part of the message that she or he wants to hear and ignores the rest.
8. The _________occurs when shocking and dramatic events distort an individual’s perception of reality.
9. The first stage of effective listening, according to the HURIER model, is ____________.
10. _____________is the tendency not to listen to anything with which you disagree

ANSWERS:
Multiple Choice: 1 (d); 2 (d); 3 (c); 4 (a); 5 (c);
Fill in the Blank: 6 (hearing; listening); 7 (selective attention); 8 (vividness effect); 9 (hearing); 10 (closed-mindedness)

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS:
1. What does it mean to listen? How is listening different from hearing? In what instances do you hear someone without listening?
2. Which type of listening—informational, critical, empathic—do you engage in the most often? Which type do you enjoy the most? Why?
3. When do you notice yourself falling victim to the confirmation bias? What can you do to prevent it?
4. What does it mean to be skeptical? How does being skeptical help you to be a better listener?

Lecture 6 Language and Verbal Messsages

MULTIPLE CHOICE:
1. The dictionary definition of a word is its meaning, whereas the implication of that word is its meaning.
a. denotative, connotative
b. connotative, denotative
c. denotative, relational
d. connotative, relational

2. All of the following are elements in Ogden and Richard’s semantic triangle except
a. symbol
b. reference
c. referent
d. article

3. A vague, mild expression that symbolizes something blunter or harsher is called a/an
a. eugenic
b. equivocation
c. euphemism
d. emphasis

4. Sophie wants a new bike, so she tries to make her dad feel sorry for her, saying she’s the only student in her class who doesn’t have a good bike. Sophie’s persuasive
strategy is to appeal to
a. pathos
b. logos
c. ethos
d. equivocation

5. Good communicators take responsibility for their own thoughts and feelings by using
a. I-statements
b. you-statements
c. we-statements
d. they-statements

FILL IN THE BLANK:

6. Because language is __________, each word represents a particular object or idea, but the word does not constitute the object or idea itself.
7. A word whose sound imitates its meaning is an example of _________.
8. _______rules allow an individual to connect the word laptop with the concept “computer.â€​
9. The idea that we can only conceive of something if we have a word for it is known as ________.
10. Terms and phrases that are intended to mislead listeners by implying something that they don’t actually say are known as ________.

ANSWERS:
Multiple Choice : 1 (a); 2 (d); 3 (c); 4 (a); 5 (a); Fill in the Blank:
6 (symbolic); 7 (onomatopoeia); 8 (semantic); 9 (linguistic determinism); 10 (weasel words)

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS:
1. With the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis in mind, what examples can you think of that illustrate how your language refl ects your culture’s behaviors and attitude?
2. The more you learn about persuasion, the greater your ability to persuade others. What are the ethical implications of having the ability to persuade?
3. Why do you think so many people laugh at jokes that put down other people? Can a joke be funny even if you find it distasteful? Explain.
4. There is much disagreement regarding hate speech laws: Supporters maintain they are necessary to promote civility; critics contend they amount to unconstitutional censorship.
What do you think?

Lecture 7 Nonverbal Communication

MULTIPLE CHOICE:
1. All of the following are characteristic of nonverbal communication except
a. nonverbal communication is present in most interpersonal conversations
b. nonverbal communication usually conveys more information than verbal communication
c. nonverbal communication is the secondary means of communicating emotion
d. nonverbal communication is metacommunicative

2. When Jorge proposed to Janie, she put her hand on her heart to signal her love for him. Which type of gesture did Janie enact?
a. regulator
b. adaptor
c. affect display
d. emblem

3. When a manicurist touches Suzi’s hands while giving her a manicure, the type of touch Suzi receives is
a. affectionate
b. caregiving
c. ritual
d. power and control

4. Which of the following vocal behaviors is an index of how high or low a voice sounds?
a. inflection
b. volume
c. pitch
d. rate

5. Three behaviors that systematically change when people attempt to deceive are
a. smiling, eye blinking, pupil dilation
b. eye blinking, fidgeting, wincing
c. pupil dilation, wincing, smiling
d. none of the above

FILL IN THE BLANK

6. __________ is the first of the five senses to develop in humans.
7. People in __________ cultures stand close together and touch one another often.
8. Non-word sounds such as “ummâ€​ and “uhâ€​ are called __________ words.
9. Turning your posture away from the person you’re speaking to, as a signal that you want to end the conversation, is called __________ .
10. __________ is the convergence of two people’s nonverbal behaviors.

ANSWERS
Multiple Choice: 1 (c); 2 (c); 3 (b); 4 (c); 5 (a);
Fill in the Blank: 6 (touch); 7 (high-contact); 8 (filler); 9 (left-positioning); 10 (interactional synchrony)

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS:
1. In what ways would you alter your personal appearance if you were trying to look friendlier? Smarter? More liberal? Wealthier? What aspects of personal appearance
convey such messages?
2. How do you feel when someone keeps you waiting? What messages do you get from the ways other people use time?
3. Touch is a form of nonverbal communication that is highly affected by social and cultural rules. What are some of the rules of touch that you perceive?
4. Why do you suppose we tend to believe nonverbal cues, even when they contradict a person’s words? Give an example of a situation in which you would believe a person’s verbal
message instead of his or her nonverbal message