The 

Cry of Pugad Lawin (Filipino language: Sigaw ng Pugad Lawin), alternately and originally

referred to as the Cry of Balintawak (Filipino language: Sigaw ng Balintawak, Spanish: Grito
de Balintawak ) was the beginning of the Philippine Revolution against Spanish ruclose of
August 1896, members of the Katipunan secret society (Katipuneros) led by Andres
Bonifacio rose up in revolt somewhere in an area referred to as Kalookan, wider than the
jurisdiction of present-day Caloocan City and overlapping into present-day Quezon City.
Originally the term "Cry" referred to the first skirmish between the Katipuneros and the Civil
Guards (Guardia Civil). Other definitions of the term have been made over the years, but today it
is popularly understood to refer to the tearing of community tax certificates (cédulas personales)
by the rebels to mark their separation from Spain. This was literally accompanied by patriotic
shouts.
Because of differing accounts and the ambiguity of place names in these accounts, the exact date
and place of the Cry is disputed. From 1908 until 1963, the official stance was that the Cry
occurred on August 26 in Balintawak. In 1963 the Philippine government declared a shift to
August 23 in Pugad Lawin, Quezon City.
Various accounts by participants and historians give differing dates and places for the Cry. An
officer of the Spanish guardia civil, Lt. Olegario Diaz, stated that the Cry took place in
Balintawak on August 25, 1896. Teodoro Kalaw in his 1925 book The Filipino Revolution, wrote
that the event took place during the last week of August 1896 at Kangkong, Balintawak.
Santiago Alvarez, the son of Mariano Alvarez, the leader of the Magdiwang faction in Cavite,
stated in 1927 that the Cry took place in Bahay Toro, now in Quezon City on August 24,
1896. Gregorio Zaide stated in his books in 1954 that the "Cry" happened in Balintawak on
August 26, 1896. Accounts by Milagros Guerrero, Emmanuel Encarnacion and Ramon Villegas
claim the event to have taken place in Tandang Sora's barn in Gulod, Barangay Banlat, Quezon
City.[3][4]

Some of the apparent confusion is in part due to the double meanings of the terms "Balintawak"
and "Kalookan" at the turn of the century. Balintawak referred both to a specific place in modern
Caloocan and a wider area which included parts of modern Quezon City. Similarly, Kalookan
referred to modern Caloocan and also a wider area which included modern Quezon City and part
of modern Pasig. Pugad Lawin, Pasong Tamo, Kangkong and other specific places were all in
"greater Balintawak", which was in turn part of "greater Caloocan".