Technical Manual-System Description

Chapter 1 Introduction to M800 CDMA MSC .................................................
1-1
1.1 Background ............................................................................................ 1-1
1.2 Network Structure ................................................................................... 1-1
1.3 Functional Entities .................................................................................. 1-2
1.4 Interfaces................................................................................................ 1-3
1.4.1 Physical Interfaces ......................................................................... 1-3
1.4.2 Clock Reference Interfaces............................................................ 1-4
1.4.3 Major Protocol Interfaces ............................................................... 1-4
1.4.4 NM Interface .................................................................................. 1-5
1.4.5 MML Interface ................................................................................ 1-5
1.4.6 GUI Command Interface ................................................................ 1-5
1.5 Networking Mode ................................................................................... 1-5
Chapter 2 Features and Functions ................................................................. 2-1
2.1 System Features .................................................................................... 2-1
2.2 Services and Features ........................................................................... 2-4
2.2.1 Providing CDMA Basic Services .................................................... 2-4
2.2.2 Providing CDMA Customized Feature ........................................... 2-5
Chapter 3 Hardware Function ......................................................................... 3-1
3.1 Structure Features .................................................................................. 3-1
3.2 Hardware Architecture ............................................................................ 3-2
3.3 Cabinet Standard Configuration ............................................................. 3-5
3.3.1 LIM Cabinet Configuration ............................................................. 3-5
3.3.2 Main Control Cabinet Configuration ............................................... 3-6
3.3.3 SRM Cabinet Configuration ........................................................... 3-8
3.3.4 SPM Cabinet Configuration ........................................................... 3-10
3.3.5 IMM Cabinet Configuration ............................................................ 3-11
Chapter 4 Software Architecture .................................................................... 4-1
4.1 Composition ........................................................................................... 4-1
4.2 Functions ................................................................................................ 4-1
Chapter 5 Reliability ........................................................................................ 5-1
5.1 Reliability Design for Power and Radiation ............................................ 5-1
5.1.1 Power Reliability ............................................................................ 5-1
5.1.2 Radiation Reliability ....................................................................... 5-1
5.2 Hardware Reliability Design ................................................................... 5-1
5.2.1 Mature Hardware Platform ............................................................. 5-1
5.2.2 Distributed Processing Design ....................................................... 5-1
5.2.3 Board-level Hot Standby ................................................................ 5-2
5.2.4 VLR System Hot Standby .............................................................. 5-2
5.2.5 High Reliability for the Boards ........................................................ 5-2
5.2.6 Adopting Quality Devices ............................................................... 5-3
5.2.7 Reliability for Link Communication Subnet .................................... 5-3
5.2.8 Supporting Hardware Version Report Capability ........................... 5-3
5.3 Software Reliability Design..................................................................... 5-3
5.3.1 CMM4-based Software Development ............................................ 5-3
5.3.2 Error Tolerance .............................................................................. 5-4
5.3.3 Data Reliability ............................................................................... 5-4
5.3.4 Self-diagnosis Function.................................................................. 5-4
5.3.5 Dynamic Upgrading ....................................................................... 5-5
5.3.6 Dangerous Operation Confirmation Function ................................ 5-5
5.4 System Load Control .............................................................................. 5-5
5.4.1 Load Control According to CPU Occupancy .................................. 5-5
5.4.2 Load Control According to Trunk Circuit Seizure ........................... 5-5
5.4.3 Flow Control According to Amount of Bills Stored in Bill Pool ....... 5-6
5.5 Reliability Design for the Charging System ............................................ 5-6
5.5.1 Reliability Design for the Charging Gateway (iGWB)..................... 5-6
5.5.2 Reliability Design for iGWB Software............................................. 5-7
5.5.3 User Access Security Design......................................................... 5-7
5.5.4 Bill Security Design ........................................................................ 5-8
Chapter 6 Operation & Maintenance .............................................................. 6-1
6.1 Operation & Maintenance System .......................................................... 6-1
6.1.1 Introduction to the System ............................................................. 6-1
6.1.2 Features ......................................................................................... 6-1
6.1.3 Operation and Maintenance Mode ................................................. 6-2
6.2 Major Functions ...................................................................................... 6-2
Chapter 7 Protocols and Standards Complied ............................................. 7-1
Chapter 8 Technical Parameters .................................................................... 8-1

8.1 General Technical Parameters............................................................... 8-1
8.2 Physical Parameters .............................................................................. 8-3
8.2.1 Dimensions and Weight ................................................................. 8-3
8.2.2 Equipment Room Floor Load-bearing Requirements .................... 8-3
8.2.3 Power Features.............................................................................. 8-3
8.3 Technical Parameters of the Power Consumption ................................. 8-3
8.4 Environmental Parameters ..................................................................... 8-4
8.4.1 Environment and Safety Parameters ............................................. 8-4
8.4.2 Operation Environment Requirements ........................................... 8-4
8.4.3 Storage Environment Requirements .............................................. 8-5
8.4.4 Transportation Environment Requirements ................................... 8-5
8.4.5 EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) ............................................ 8-6
Appendix A Abbreviations and Acronyms .................................................... A-1
HUAWEI
HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching Center

Technical Manual - System Description
V610R003
HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching Center
Technical Manual
Volume System Description
Manual Version T2-030235-20040420-C-6.30
Product Version V610R003
BOM 31026235
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. provides customers with comprehensive technical support
and service. Please feel free to contact our local office or company headquarters.
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Address: Administration Building, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.,
Bantian, Longgang District, Shenzhen, P. R. China
Postal Code: 518129
Website: http://www.huawei.com
Email: support@huawei.com
Copyright © 2004 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
All Rights Reserved
No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any

means without prior written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Trademarks
, HUAWEI, C&C08, EAST8000, HONET, , ViewPoint, INtess, ETS, DMC,

TELLIN, InfoLink, Netkey, Quidway, SYNLOCK, Radium, M900/M1800,
TELESIGHT, Quidview, Musa, Airbridge, Tellwin, Inmedia, VRP, DOPRA, iTELLIN,
HUAWEI OptiX, C&C08 iNET, NETENGINE, OptiX, iSite, U-SYS, iMUSE, OpenEye,
Lansway, SmartAX, infoX, TopEng are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co.,
Ltd.
All other trademarks mentioned in this manual are the property of their respective
holders.
Notice
The information in this manual is subject to change without notice. Every effort has
been made in the preparation of this manual to ensure accuracy of the contents, but
all statements, information, and recommendations in this manual do not constitute
the warranty of any kind, express or implied.
About This Manual
Release Notes
This manual applies to HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching Center V610R003.
Related Manuals
The set of documentation for HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching Center is listed
in the table below.
Manual Contents
HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching Describes structure, major contents of manuals and
Center Documentation Guide retrieval methods of package of documents.
HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile
Basic information on architecture, features, technical
Switching Center Technical
indices, functions and external interface attributes.
Manual-System Description
HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching
Introduction to architecture, functional modules, and the
Center Technical Manual-System
signal and message flows.
Architecture
Introduction to signaling system structure and
Center Technical Manual-Signaling
explanation of messages.
System

Detailed description on basic functions and their theories,
Center Technical Manual-System
and briefing on the provision of various services.
Function
HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching Introduction to hardware, including cabinets, subracks,
Center Hardware Description Manual boards and cables.
HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching Instructions on operation and maintenance at various
Center Operation Manual-Routine terminals and common administrative operations on the
Operation system.
HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching Introduction to principles for data configuration, including
Center Operation Manual-Data sequence of data configuration and principles for
Configuration numbering, as well as data configuration commands, and
notes on data configuration.
Introductions to theories, operations, examples and
Center Operation Manual-Performance
common performance measurement tasks.
Measurement
HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching Introduction to provision of services other than basic
Center Operation Manual-Feature services, including theories of realization, data
Description configuration, service interworking and service flows.
Manual Contents
Introduction to requirements of routine maintenance and
Center Maintenance Manual-Routine
instructions on routine maintenance.
Maintenance
HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching Instructions on replacement procedures of boards,

Center Maintenance Manual-Parts backplanes, terminal system parts replacement and
Replacement notes on replacement.
Instructions on analysis of service provision faults and
Center Maintenance
troubleshooting with the results of such analysis.
Manual-Troubleshooting
Instructions on installation of hardware and methods of
Center Installation Manual-Hardware
verification after installation.
Installation
Instructions on installation of software and remote
Center Installation Manual-Software
maintenance configuration.
Installation
HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching Instructions on debugging after successful installation of
Center Installation Manual-System hardware and software, as well as description on initial
Commissioning verification, cutover, upgrading, patch loading, and online
capacity expansion.
HUAWEI iGateway Bill User Manual Introduction to theories, installation, operation,

maintenance and troubleshooting of iGWB.
Organization
The manual consists of 8 chapters and 1 appendixs that brief the network structure,
feature, hardware architecture, software architecture, function list, reliability, operation
& maintenance, cabinet configuration, protocols and standards, technical and
abbreviation of M800 CDMA MSC.
z Chapter 1 Introduction to M800 CDMA MSC is a brief introduction of the
product that contains the function entities, interface and network structure of MSC.
z Chapter 2 Features and Functions introduces in detail the function feature of
MSC.
z Chapter 3 Hardware Function introduces mainly MSC overall hardware
architecture and its cabinet configuration.
z Chapter 4 Software Architecture introduces mainly MSC software architecture.
z Chapter 5 Reliability introduces the reliability design of MSC.
z Chapter 6 Operation & Maintenance is the overview of operation &
maintenance system.
z Chapter 7 Protocols and Standards Complied introduces the protocols and
standards M800 CDMA MSC compiled.
z Chapter 8 Technical Parameters is a brief introduction of technical parameters.
z Appendix A Abbreviations and Acronyms makes the appendix abbreviation in
the text together.
Intended Audience
The manual is intended for the following readers:

z Technical marketing specialists
z Installation engineers and technicians
z Operation and maintenance personnel
Conventions
The manual uses the following conventions:
I. General conventions
Convention Description
Arial Normal paragraphs are in Arial.
Arial Narrow Warnings, Cautions, Notes and Tips are in Arial Narrow.
Boldface Headings are in Boldface.
Courier New Terminal Display is in Courier New.
II. Command conventions
Boldface The keywords of a command line are in Boldface.
italic Command arguments are in italic.
[] Items (keywords or arguments) in square brackets [ ] are optional.
Alternative items are grouped in braces and separated by vertical bars.
{ x | y | ... }
One is selected.
Optional alternative items are grouped in square brackets and separated
[ x | y | ... ]
by vertical bars. One or none is selected.
Alternative items are grouped in braces and separated by vertical bars. A
{ x | y | ... } *
minimum of one or a maximum of all can be selected.
Optional alternative items are grouped in square brackets and separated
[ x | y | ... ] *
by vertical bars. Many or none can be selected.
III. GUI conventions
Button names are inside angle brackets. For example, click the <OK>
<>
button.
Window names, menu items, data table and field names are inside square
[]
brackets. For example, pop up the [New User] window.
Multi-level menus are separated by forward slashes. For example,
/
[File/Create/Folder].
IV. Keyboard operation
Format Description
Press the key with the key name inside angle brackets. For example,
<Key>
<Enter>, <Tab>, <Backspace>, or <A>.
Press the keys concurrently. For example, <Ctrl+Alt+A> means the three
<Key1+Key2>
keys should be pressed concurrently.
Press the keys in turn. For example, <Alt, A> means the two keys should
<Key1, Key2>
be pressed in turn.
V. Mouse operation
Action Description
Click Press the left button or right button quickly (left button by default).
Double Click Press the left button twice continuously and quickly.
Drag Press and hold the left button and drag it to a certain position.
VI. Symbols
Eye-catching symbols are also used in the manual to highlight the points worthy of
special attention during the operation. They are defined as follows:
Caution, Warning, Danger: Means reader be extremely careful during the

operation.
Note, Comment, Tip, Knowhow, Thought: Means a complementary description.

HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching Center Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction to M800 CDMA MSC .............................................................................. 1-1

1.1 Background........................................................................................................................ 1-1
1.2 Network Structure .............................................................................................................. 1-1
1.3 Functional Entities ............................................................................................................. 1-2
1.4 Interfaces ........................................................................................................................... 1-3
1.4.1 Physical Interfaces .................................................................................................. 1-3
1.4.2 Clock Reference Interfaces..................................................................................... 1-4
1.4.3 Major Protocol Interfaces ........................................................................................ 1-4
1.4.4 NM Interface............................................................................................................ 1-5
1.4.5 MML Interface ......................................................................................................... 1-5
1.4.6 GUI Command Interface ......................................................................................... 1-5
1.5 Networking Mode ............................................................................................................... 1-5
Chapter 2 Features and Functions .............................................................................................. 2-1

2.1 System Features................................................................................................................ 2-1
2.2 Services and Features....................................................................................................... 2-4
2.2.1 Providing CDMA Basic Services ............................................................................. 2-4
2.2.2 Providing CDMA Customized Feature .................................................................... 2-5
Chapter 3 Hardware Function ...................................................................................................... 3-1

3.1 Structure Features ............................................................................................................. 3-1
3.2 Hardware Architecture ....................................................................................................... 3-2
3.3 Cabinet Standard Configuration ........................................................................................ 3-5
3.3.1 LIM Cabinet Configuration ...................................................................................... 3-5
3.3.2 Main Control Cabinet Configuration ........................................................................ 3-6
3.3.3 SRM Cabinet Configuration .................................................................................... 3-8
3.3.4 SPM Cabinet Configuration................................................................................... 3-10
3.3.5 IMM Cabinet Configuration ................................................................................... 3-11
Chapter 4 Software Architecture ................................................................................................. 4-1

4.1 Composition ....................................................................................................................... 4-1
4.2 Functions ........................................................................................................................... 4-1
Chapter 5 Reliability ...................................................................................................................... 5-1

5.1 Reliability Design for Power and Radiation ....................................................................... 5-1
5.1.1 Power Reliability...................................................................................................... 5-1
5.1.2 Radiation Reliability................................................................................................. 5-1
5.2 Hardware Reliability Design............................................................................................... 5-1
5.2.1 Mature Hardware Platform ...................................................................................... 5-1
5.2.2 Distributed Processing Design ................................................................................ 5-1
i
5.2.3 Board-level Hot Standby ......................................................................................... 5-2

5.2.4 VLR System Hot Standby ....................................................................................... 5-2
5.2.5 High Reliability for the Boards................................................................................. 5-2
5.2.6 Adopting Quality Devices ........................................................................................ 5-3
5.2.7 Reliability for Link Communication Subnet ............................................................. 5-3
5.2.8 Supporting Hardware Version Report Capability .................................................... 5-3
5.3 Software Reliability Design ................................................................................................ 5-3
5.3.1 CMM4-based Software Development ..................................................................... 5-3
5.3.2 Error Tolerance ....................................................................................................... 5-4
5.3.3 Data Reliability ........................................................................................................ 5-4
5.3.4 Self-diagnosis Function........................................................................................... 5-4
5.3.5 Dynamic Upgrading................................................................................................. 5-5
5.3.6 Dangerous Operation Confirmation Function ......................................................... 5-5
5.4 System Load Control ......................................................................................................... 5-5
5.4.1 Load Control According to CPU Occupancy........................................................... 5-5
5.4.2 Load Control According to Trunk Circuit Seizure.................................................... 5-5
5.4.3 Flow Control According to Amount of Bills Stored in Bill Pool ................................ 5-6
5.5 Reliability Design for the Charging System ....................................................................... 5-6
5.5.1 Reliability Design for the Charging Gateway (iGWB).............................................. 5-6
5.5.2 Reliability Design for iGWB Software...................................................................... 5-7
5.5.3 User Access Security Design.................................................................................. 5-7
5.5.4 Bill Security Design ................................................................................................. 5-8
Chapter 6 Operation & Maintenance ........................................................................................... 6-1

6.1 Operation & Maintenance System ..................................................................................... 6-1
6.1.1 Introduction to the System ...................................................................................... 6-1
6.1.2 Features .................................................................................................................. 6-1
6.1.3 Operation and Maintenance Mode.......................................................................... 6-2
6.2 Major Functions ................................................................................................................. 6-2
Chapter 7 Protocols and Standards Complied........................................................................... 7-1
Chapter 8 Technical Parameters.................................................................................................. 8-1

8.1 General Technical Parameters .......................................................................................... 8-1
8.2 Physical Parameters.......................................................................................................... 8-3
8.2.1 Dimensions and Weight .......................................................................................... 8-3
8.2.2 Equipment Room Floor Load-bearing Requirements ............................................. 8-3
8.2.3 Power Features ....................................................................................................... 8-3
8.3 Technical Parameters of the Power Consumption ............................................................ 8-3
8.4 Environmental Parameters ................................................................................................ 8-4
8.4.1 Environment and Safety Parameters ...................................................................... 8-4
8.4.2 Operation Environment Requirements.................................................................... 8-4
8.4.3 Storage Environment Requirements ....................................................................... 8-5
8.4.4 Transportation Environment Requirements ............................................................ 8-5
ii
8.4.5 EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) ..................................................................... 8-6
Appendix A Abbreviations and Acronyms .................................................................................A-1
iii
HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching Center Chapter 1 Introduction to M800 CDMA MSC
Chapter 1 Introduction to M800 CDMA MSC
This chapter introduces the network structure and technology of M800 CDMA Mobile
Switching Center (hereinafter referred to as “MSC”), which gives the reader a basic
comprehension about the functional entities and flexible networking modes.
1.1 Background
With spread spectrum and orthogonal coding techniques adopted, Code Division
Multiple Access (CDMA) mobile telecommunication system enables many more mobile
stations (MS) to share the radio frequency at the same time. Therefore, it enjoys the
advantages of large capacity, high utilization of spectrum, high-quality voice and lower
transmission power of MS.
Based on the TIA/EIA international standards of CDMA, Huawei has successfully
launched HUAWEI CDMA 2000 1X Mobile Communication System as the solution for
the core network of digital cellular mobile telecommunication. Moreover, HUAWEI
CDMA 2000 1X Mobile Communication System can provide maintainable, manageable
and customized network solutions for different user groups according to their demands
and different network features, enabling differentiated services and flexible charging
modes.
Featuring large capacity and high integration, the switching subsystem of HUAWEI
CDMA 2000 1X Mobile Communication System includes:
z M800 CDMA Mobile Switching Center (MSC)
z M800 Home Location Register (M800 HLR)
z iManager M2000 Mobile Network Management System (M2000)
1.2 Network Structure

MSC functions as the core switching system of CDMA, which constitutes the interface
for user traffic between the cellular network and other public switched network, or other
MSCs in the same or other cellular networks. As shown in Figure 1-1:
1-1
GMSC HLR/AC
Other networks SCP
Ai/Di C T2
N
E
C,D
T1
BSS/PCF
E
A
MSC/VLR/SSP
Q
M800 CDMA MSC/
A1
0,A VLR/SSP/IP
11
MC
Internet
AAA PDSN HA
MSC: Mobile Switching Center GMSC: Gateway MSC SCP: Service Control Point
VLR: Visitor Location Register HLR: Home Location Register PDSN: Packet Data Service Node
BSS: Base Station Subsystem AC: Authentication Center HA: Home Agent
MISUP: Mobile ISDN User Part MTUP: Mobile Telephone User Part PCF: Packet Control Function
AAA: Authorization, Authentication and Accounting MC: Message Center
Figure 1-1 Networking for MSC
1.3 Functional Entities

The functional entities and description is list in Table 1-1
Table 1-1 Functional entities and description of CDMA network
Functional Entity Description

Mobile Switching Center (MSC) is the core of CDMA switching system. It offers
switching functions for all the mobile terminals in the local area, including call
handling, routing, call control, mobility management, location registration, echo
MSC
cancellation and overload control. It can also collect bill information, realize traffic
management, and support teleservice, supplementary service and intelligent
service
Visitor Location Register (VLR), as a dynamic database, saves the temporary
information (all data necessary to set up call connections) of all the MSs in its
VLR local area, which can be used to establish incoming/outgoing call connections, to
support basic services, supplementary services and mobility management;
VLR is integrated with MSC physically in MSC
Service Switching Point (SSP), as the functional entity of IN (Intelligent Network),

is responsible for the provision of IN service related switching;
SSP MSC can cooperate with the corresponding SCP to offer various mobile
intelligent services as a SSP that complies with IS771 and IS826 specifications.
SSP is integrated with MSC physically in MSC
1-2
Functional Entity Description

As a database for mobile subscriber management, Home Location Register
(HLR) is responsible for saving subscription information (telecom service
subscription information and subscriber status), MS location information, MDN,
HLR/AC IMSI (MIN), etc;
Authentication Center (AC) saves the authentication information. It is located
within the HLR. It is a functional entity that manages the anthentication
information related to the MS
As the core entity of Intelligent Network (IN), a Sevice Control Point (SCP) saves
the subscriber data and service logic. SCP is receives the query information sent
from SSP querying database and coding. Also, SCP starts different service logic
SCP
based on the call events reported by SSP, and sends call control instructions
according to the service logic to the corresponding SSP to guide its next action,
thus realizing various kinds of IN calls
Similar to SSP, the Intelligent Peripheral (IP) is a network functional unit built in
IP MSC. It provides private resources to SSP via internal interface, implementing
various intelligent network services
An MSC that is capable of the intersystem procedures between entities in the
GMSC
network reference model so as to provide service
As a gateway system interconnecting the wireless access network and the IP
PDSN backbone network, the Packet Data Service Node (PDSN) provides mobile
Internet/Intranet users with packet data access service
As an interface between the 3G system and the internet, the Home Agent (HA) is
HA
a subordinating node for the mobile IP users to access the Internet
In the Base Station Subsystem/Packet Control Function (BSS/PCF), BSS
provides the wireless access network function between the switching network
and the mobile subscriber. It comprises the Base Transceiver Station (BTS) and
BSS/PCF Base Station Controller (BSC );
PCF is integrated in BSS side to provide the packet data service which focus on
the processing of packet data service and the management of packet radio
resource
Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (AAA) is a high-performance
remote authentication server for dialup users, providing Authentication,
AAA
Authorization and Accounting for data services and Voucher Center. It supports
various databases, featuring flexible operational methods and the proxy function
Message Center (MC) is an entity that stored and forwards short message. The
MC
MC can also provide supplementary services for Short Message Service
1.4 Interfaces
1.4.1 Physical Interfaces
z STM-1 (155 Mbit/s) trunk interface

z E1 (2.048 Mbit/s) trunk interface
z T1 (1.536 Mbit/s) trunk interface
1-3
1.4.2 Clock Reference Interfaces
z Building Intergrated Timing Supply (BITS) clock reference interface at 2.048

Mbit/s and 2.048 MHz
z 8 kHz clock reference interface in E1/T1 and STM-1
1.4.3 Major Protocol Interfaces
Please refer to Figure 1-1 and Table 1-2 for the description of their physical features
and the signaling protocols they conform to.
Table 1-2 Protocol interfaces of MSC
Standard
Physical
signaling Physical connection Signaling and protocol
feature
interface
IOS-634, IOS-2.X,
A (A 1/A2) The interface between MSC and BSS E1/T1
IOS-4.X
C interface: the interface between MSC
and HLR
C, D E1 ANSI 41D, IS771, IS826
D interface: the interface between VLR and
HLR
T1 interface: the interface between
MSC/SSP and SCP ANSI 41D, IS771, IS826,
T1, T2 E1
T2 interface: the interface between HLR IS848
and SCP
E1/T1,
E The interface between MSC and MSC ANSI 41D
STM-1
Q The interface between MSC and MC E1 ANSI 41D
N The interface between HLR and MC E1 ANSI 41D
The interfaces between PSTN and MSC or
Ai E1/T1 TUP, ISUP, R2
GMSC
Di The interfaces between Integrated E1 TUP, ISUP, R2
Services Digital Network (ISDN) and MSC
or GMSC
PRA Trunk interface for MSC 30B+D Q.930/Q.931
Interception
Trunk interface for MSC E1 \
interface
CAS (R2) Trunk interface for MSC E1/T1 ITU (R2)
The interface between MSC and the Billing
Billing interface TCP/IP FTAM, FTP
Center
1-4
1.4.4 NM Interface
iManager M2000 adopts standard CORBA interfaces to connect to the NM system. It

also provides the information/file interface, including database interface for central
configuration (performance) and alarm report interface for central alarm.
1.4.5 MML Interface
MSC provides the Man-Machine Language (MML) client based on the UI. This
facilitates the user in operation and maintenance.
1.4.6 GUI Command Interface
MSC provides some GUIs for the client, which includes: bill management, alarm
management, perfomance management, information tracing, panel status and report
management.
Bill management is realized in WEB mode, the program run at the client side is the
built-in bill server programs in JAVA mode, which enables the operator to login in and
operate at any console.
The GUI (Graphic User Interface) of alarm, maintenance and performance is integrated in
UI with MML, which provides centralized maintenance.
1.5 Networking Mode

MSC can serve as a VMSC, a GMSC and a TMSC in the networks providing CDMA
services.
In addition, it can function as SSP/IP in wireless intelligent networks, or as Signaling
Transfer Point (STP) in signaling networks.
1-5
HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching Center Chapter 2 Features and Functions
Chapter 2 Features and Functions
This chapter introduces the features and functions of MSC.
2.1 System Features

The functional entities and description is list in Table 2-1
Table 2-1 Functional entities and description of CDMA network
Feature Description
With modular design, the MSC can be flexibly configured to support
Scalable Capacity subscribers from 10,000 to 1,000,000. The system capacity can be easily
expanded by adding cabinet
The MSC in minimum configuration is equipped with 3 racks. It supports
100,000 subscribers, 8000 trunk circuits and 32 links. The maximum power
consumption is 2kW. It can be smoothly expanded.
High Integration & Low
The MSC in maximum configuration is equipped with 9 racks. It supports at
Power Consumption
most one million subscribers, 120,000 trunk circuits and 1,024 links. The
maximum power consumption is 12.7kW.
Details refer to Chapter 8 Technical Parameters
The Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) of MSC is 12.6 years. Details
High Reliability
refer to Chapter 5 Reliability
Providing powerful signaling and interfacing functions, the MSC enables the
interconnection of equipment made by different manufacturers.
Compliant with TIA/EIA-41E protocol, the MAP interface signaling procedure
supports TIA/EIA-41D and is compatible with TIA/EIA-41C protocols.
Compliant with IOS-4.0/4.1 protocol, the A-interface signaling procedure is
compatible with IOS-2.0/2.1 and IS-634 and supports 14-bit/24-bit signaling
point code and the networking modes of national and national standby
networks. It has passed the A-interface compatibility test conducted with
many other vendors’ BSS equipment.
Powerful Signaling and
Interfacing Functions The SS7 provided by MSC is in compliance with the standards of ANSI
T1.114 and ITU-T protocol.
MSC also provides STM-1-compliant SDH optical/electrical interfaces, via
which large capacity of trunk can be led in and sent out through public
transmission network. Meanwhile, with SDH optical/electrical interfaces
employed, the integration of switching and transmission can be achieved by
reducing the Add/Drop Multiplexer (ADM) between exchange and SDH
equipment.
The STM-1 optical interface/electrical interfaces can be used flexibly based
on the transmission distance
2-1
Feature Description
Equipped with built-in signaling analyzer, MSC can traces and analyzes
various messages transmitted in MSC. Based on such information, you can
learn the details of service processing on a real-time basis.
MSC can trace and explain the messages of specified subscriber, interface
or protocol layer. In details, the tracing comprises subscriber tracing,
Built-in Signaling interface tracing, subscriber interface tracing, call connection tracing, SS7
Analyzer tracing, TCAP message tracing, SCCP message tracing and digital trunk
tracing.
MSC also provides graphic interface and tracing review function, via which
you can learn the messages and signaling transferred between subscribers
or interfaces, and learn and analyze the overall procedure of each service
processing, so as to correctly location and remove fault
To be fully adaptive to different countries, MSC provides powerful signal tone
function and syntax analysis function of multiple languages.
The GSPD board provides 252 speech channels and 8192 voice records.
The total maximum recording time is 8000 seconds.
Powerful Signal Tone It supports the loading of voice files from OMC to GSPD. The voice files can
Function be self-made by the operator.
It supports related prompt tone play in the course of call connection.
It enables both the synchronous tone play and asynchronous tone play.
It supports tone play in multiple languages
MSC features powerful capability of number analysis, from which abundant
applications derives as exemplified in the following list:
Being able to accept, save and analyze 24-digit numbers.
Supporting adding, deleting and translation in any digit of the calling and
called numbers in number analysis.
Supporting the analysis of numbers converted after calling number or called
number conversion.
Supporting the conversion of calling subscriber type, calling or called
address attribute indicator carried in the Initial Address Message (IAM)/Initial
Address Message with Information (IAI) sent between offices.
Providing restriction on minimum and maximum number length. The
Powerful Number operator can define the minimum length of the called number, thus, only the
Analysis Capability number satisfying the minimum length can be processed. For the number
longer than the specified value, the operator can define the maximum length
to intercept it.
Supporting dial check function to protect specific call prefix from being dialed
by illegal calling party.
Supporting handling of irregular numbers.
Supporting the related number change on the calling/called number. By
querying the Calling Number and Called Number Correlated Conversion
table according to message type, calling number, calling number attribute,
called number, and called number attribute, the corresponding number
conversion index can be obtained. Based on maximum match, a record can
be found in Number Conversion table and then calling number and called
number conversion can be performed flexibly
2-2
Feature Description
MSC provides flexible route selection function. The route for call connection
can be selected according to the result of number analysis and calling
subscriber information.
The calling subscriber information refers to the location information of the
calling party. For local mobile subscriber, it is the location area or cell where
the subscriber is currently in. For non-local mobile subscriber, it is the trunk
circuit that the call currently occupies.
Flexible Route MSC selects speech channels based on the configuration of
Selection routes/subroutes, traffic distribution and the status of these subroutes
(available/unavailable). By this way, load-sharing can be achieved.
Moreover, call can still be connected even if some routes fail. That is why
emergency call can be connected successfully via the nearest route
available.
MSC also provides the function avoiding alternate routing among the same
level of exchanges, which may result in information storm or exhaustion of
circuit resources
MSC enables remote maintenance and patch online upgrading. You can
perform remote maintenance by accessing the internal network via dial-up
server. With online software upgrading, services being processing can be
ensured without interruption.
It also provides easy-to-use online help system. All the commands are
Powerful Maintenance
provided with online help, facilitating the management and maintenance of
Function
the system. For system expansion and new data configuration task, basic
service oriented online help is provided.
MSC also enables the test on specified resource, which facilitates fault
location. You can specify trunk for certain service and perform online test on
tone-play, speech channel, ECP channel, A-interface circuit, or trunk circuit
2-3
2.2 Services and Features

2.2.1 Providing CDMA Basic Services
The CDMA basic services is list in Table 2-2
Table 2-2 CDMA basic services
Service Type Sub-type

Basic Teleservices \
Which includes the sending and receiving of short messages and broadcast
Short Message Service
of short messages
Call Forwarding Unconditional (CFU)
Call Forwarding Busy (CFB)
Call Forwarding No Answer (CFNA)
Call Forwarding Default (CFD)
Calling Number Identification Presentation (CNIP)
Calling Number Identification Restriction (CNIR)
Calling Number Identification Restriction Over(CNIR-Over)
Call Waiting (CW)
Call Transfer (CT)
Three-Way Calling (3WC)
Supplementary
Conference Calling (CC)
services
Remote Function Control (RFC)
Feature Service
Subscriber PIN Access (SPINA)
Subscriber PIN Intercept (SPINI)
Do Not Disturb (DND)
Preferred Language (PL)
Call Forwarding to Voice Mailbox
Voice Message Retrieval (VMR)
Message Waiting Notification (MWN)
Subscriber Lock Service
Prepaid Call (PPC)
Overlay PPC
Intelligent Network Wireless Virtual Private Network (WVPN) Service
Service Free-Phone (FPH) Service
Incoming Call Screen (ICS) Service
Location Service (LCS)
Packet Data Service
Data Service
Circuit Data Service
2-4
2.2.2 Providing CDMA Customized Feature
Besides the services stipulated in protocol, MSC also provides customized feature to
meet the demands of different operators and satisfy different network features.
The customized feature is list in Table 2-3
Table 2-3 CDMA customized feature and description
Feature Type Description

One Number Link You (ONLY), enables several terminals to be altered in a call
originated. The number dialed is called a pilot number, and the terminals alerted
One Number simultaneously are the group members. When the pilot number is dialed, all the
Link You group members will be altered. Once the call is answered by any of the group
(ONLY) member, the remaining group members will not be altered.
The pilot number may be a number of a group member's, or a virtual number. The
group member may be a mobile subscriber or a PSTN subscriber
In MSC system, a physical MSC can be configured into several logic MSCs. Each
logic MSC functions as a physical MSC independently. The virtual MSC function
Virtual MSC enables the charging and mobility management of a MSC or a BSC covering
multiple local networks without affecting CDMA various basic service,
supplementary services and intelligent services
With integrated CENTREX, group service like Mobile Virtual Private Network
(MVPN) can be implemented without SCP. The subscribers in a group communicate
CENTREX with short number, and illegal short number can be barred. When a subscriber in a
group calls non-group members, he can dial the outgoing group prefix + MDN.
The CENTREX related information in each call will be listed in bill for charging
MSC supports attended and unattended wireless public terminals. The MSC can
judge whether the calling party is a wireless public terminal and help the wireless
public terminal charge the call based on the following modes:
Wireless Pay
Phone y Number segment trigger
y HLR registration
y IN mode
To speed up the transit from current network to target network, MSC provides
various Overlay networking modes.
In the area where WIN SCP exists but the current MSC does not support WIN SSP,
Overlay MSC integrates the function of WIN SSP and can accomplish the connection of VIN
Networking VPN calls and WIN PPCs.
In the area where there is not WIN SCP, MSC overlays the mobile intelligent
services on the PSTN intelligent networks so as to provide intelligent services with
the help of fixed intelligent networks
2-5

It functions to restrict the mobility of the subscriber. That is, some subscribers can
originate the roaming services only in the specified location areas/cells. If the
subscribers are outside the location areas/cells, the services like location update or
calling will be inhibited.
If a subscriber originates a call within the cell where roaming is allowed and enters
the cell where roaming is inhibited during the conversation, no matter what
Roaming
operations (Three-Party Calling, Flash Request, etc.) are conducted, the roaming
Restriction
restriction judgment will not be performed.
The system also supports announcement of roaming restriction based on cell. When
the subscriber, who is restricted on roaming, makes a call, he/she will hear the
announcement that the call is rejected. When a subscriber calls the subscriber who
is restricted on roaming, he/she will hear the announcement that the call cannot be
connected.
MSC supports various lawful interceptions. With this function, the conversations,
General Lawful short messages of specified subscriber in the serving area can be monitored, and
Interception the location and status change of the monitored subscriber can be traced on a
real-time basis
Restricted by ITU-T specifications and local standards, the number of links and
number of speech channels between two exchanges are limited to 16 and 4096
respectively. The concept of virtual multiple signaling points is therefore adopted in
MSC as the best solution for large capacity trunks and for heavy traffic links between
Virtual Multiple exchanges.
Signaling Point As a logic definition, the virtual multiple signaling points refers to a physical node
where multiple signaling points, independent with each other, are coexistent. Each
signaling point fulfills the same functions as one physical signaling point. Meanwhile,
those virtual signaling points share the traffic of the messages sent to the same
destination
A CDMA subscriber selects the networks of various toll call carriers as his own
needs when making toll calls, which realizes the equivalent competition between
carriers.
Carrier For this purpose, two ways is adapted:
Selection
1) Each toll call carrier is allocated with a Carrier Identification Code (CIC).
2) The CDMA subscriber can use the network pre-define function to select the
carrier network
New Number Before a call is forwarded to the redirection number, the network of the redirection
Notification number notifies the calling party of the redirection number in voice mode.
Service
Free Call service allows a defaulting subscriber to make free calls.
Free Call Such free call refers to the call to customer service numbers. Note that this service
does not stand for Emergency Call, i.e. an invalid MS is allowed to make emergency
calls, but no free calls
Multinational Multinational announcement adaptation is necessary to meet different requirements
Announcement of subscribers in different countries.
Adaptation
Number Number normalization refers to the flexible number conversion between MSC and
Conversion other network entities
2-6

Multinational With multinational number adaptation, MSC can process numbers of different
Number formats or attributes as required by different numbering plans of various countries so
Adaptation as to select correct routes for calls
This ANSI feature is specially developed to cater for the ANSI-based signaling
network. It includes ANSI GT and ANSI NI.
ANSI GT enables M800 MSC to support ITU-T SCCP and ANSI SCCP
ANSI
simultaneously. It makes the addressing of SCCP address based on GT possible.
ANSI NI enables M800 MSC to support ANSI signaling and ITU-T signaling
simultaneously.
Paging optimization indicates that the system extends the paging area in the last
Paging
paging to page the paging subscribers, thus increasing inter-BSC or intra-BSC
optimization
paging success rate.
Voice privacy is virtually the encryption of air interface. The MS encrypts and
Voice Privacy decrypts voice by calculating the CDMA private long code based on CAVE using the
parameter SSD_B and a random number.
The OTA includes two implementation modes: OTA Service Provisioning (OTASP)
and OTA Parameter Administration (OTAPA).
Over-The-Air After purchasing a new terminal, subscriber can dial the OTASP access code to
(OTA) activate services for the undefined terminal, define the terminal, and set parameters
for the terminal. The defined subscriber can dial the OTASP access code to change
the terminal parameters, such as unlocking.
T1 transmission This feature enables the M800 MSC to support T1 transmission besides E1
feature transmission.
From top down, the MSC classifies calls into the following levels based on the levels
of the calling and the called subscribers:
Emergency calls originated by PACA subscribers
Emergency calls originated by common subscribers
EPACA Calls originated by PACA subscribers
Calls originated by common subscribers.
When the PACA subscriber requests to access but there is no wireless channel
resource available, the MSC disconnects the call of a lower-level subscriber in the
same cell. After that, it originates assignment request for the PACA subscriber to
occupy the released wireless channel resource. MSC
The CRBT (Customized RingBack Tone) service enables a subscriber to customize
a specific ringback tone to replace the conventional one. When another subscriber
CRBT service calls the RBT subscriber, he/she will hear the ringback tone customized by the RBT
subscriber.
The ringback tone can be music, advertisement, or the recorded voice.
This feature allows subscriber to re-direct the incoming call manually under ringing
User Selective
status or prompting status of call waiting. The incoming call can be directed to the
Call Forwarding
voice mailbox system, the telephone number registered in the network, or the
(USCF)
specific number stored in the MS.
Vicious Call This feature enables the called subscriber to trace the telephone number of the
Trace (VCT) malicious calling subscriber.
2-7

ISUP Continuity
Continuity Check is a way to judge the availability of voice channel
Check
Voice Call
Precedence When a subscriber using the data service receives a voice call, the call takes
Over Active precedence over the data service. And the subscriber continues the data service
Packet Data after the conversation.
Call (VPOP)
Note:
For details, please refer to HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching Center Operation Manual-Data
Configuration.
2-8
HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching Center Chapter 3 Hardware Function
Chapter 3 Hardware Function
The chapter introduces the hardware character and structure, and the comprehension
is strengthened by presenting the configuration of cabinet.
3.1 Structure Features

The hardware structure features of MSC is list in Table 3-1
Table 3-1 Structure features of M800 MSC
Structure Description
Feature
The hardware system of MSC is of 4-level hierarchical structure, as shown in the
following figure:
M800 CDMA MSC
Module
Subrack
Board
Modular The lowest level comprises several circuit boards. Various circuit boards are combined
Structure together to form subrack units. Each subrack unit accomplishes specific functions.
Subrack units with various functions are combined together to form a module and
respective modules can implement specific functions independently. Different
modules are integrated together to form the MSC system with abundant functions and
interfaces.
Modular designing approach makes the installation, expansion and addition of the new
equipment of MSC convenient and flexible, moreover, new functions and technologies
can be introduced by just adding or removing functional subracks without any
interruption in system operation.
Featuring modular structure in hardware, MSC enables the network switching, service
processing and system resources to be independent. Thus, each part can be
expanded easily by adding components physically. By this way, the stable operation of
the system can be secured while the smooth expansion is achieved.
3-1
Structure Description
Feature
Service data switching network: the core of the service data
switching network is CNET, which is connected with the General
Quick Signal Interface Board (GQSI) board in the Line Interface
Module (LIM) subrack via 393Mbit/s optical fiber. The LIM subrack
connects the external trunks and other modules via its line interface
boards, forming the whole switching system to perform circuit
switching of trunks, signaling and service resources.
Among them, the speech is switched by LIM and CNET directly. The
Common Channel Signaling (CCS) is transferred via the
semi-permanent connection, which is set up by the General Central
Processor Board (GCPC) in SPM and the CCS channel. The call
resources are processed via timeslot switching between
Dual-network GSRC/GSPD board in Shared Resource Module (SRM) and speech
channel by CNET
Dual-network
Control data switching network: The core of the control data
and
switching network is the Communication Control Module (CCM),
Dual-plane
which is connected with each module via (High-level Data Link
Control) HDLC link (signaling HW). The CCM accomplishes the
frame switching of the control data between modules and thus
realizes inter-module communications.
iGWB and BAM communicate with the Host via Ethernet. Amongst,
the iGWB connects with the GSPC only, while BAM connects with
Central Database Processor board (CDP), Administration Module
Processing Board (AMP) and GSPC.
The control data switching network together with backplane bus
communication, serial port communication and network port
communication constitute the dual planes of MSC control data
Dual-plane
switching network. The two planes work in load-sharing mode. If one
plane fails partially or totally, the other plane will take over the control
data transferring automatically.
In MSC, the resources required for service processing, such as signal tones, dual tone
number receiver/transmitter, multi-frequency compelled receiver/transmitter, echo
cancellation pool and network interworking resource, do not belong to certain a service
processing module. Instead, the resources are managed by the Central DataBase
Shared (CDB) on CDP as global shared resources. When certain a service processing module
Resource requires resource, it shall apply for the resource from CDB, which will then allocate the
and resource to it.
Centralized The maintenance and the equipment management of MSC are accomplished by a pair
Management of AMP boards working in active-standby mode on the Central Processing Module
(CPM). The AMPs handles all the maintenance commands issued by BAM. By
communicating with various boards via HDLC link, bus or serial port, the AMPs
accomplish data configuration of boards, collect equipment status, handle alarms
generated by equipment and broadcast the module status
3.2 Hardware Architecture

The hardware architecture of MSC is shown in Figure 3-1.
3-2
CNET
G G G G
LIM S C C S
LIM
N N N N
Serial U U U U G
SRM
E1 GE16/GETS port
G
Q HOFL BUS HOFL Q Serial
BUS S port
STM-1 S GBDR GSRC
GSTU
I I GMHI
NCC
Traffic GSPT
HDLC HDLC HDLC HW
CCM
HDLC HDLC HDLC HDLC HDLC Serial CKM
port
SPM CPM
E1 G G Serial G
G G G
(2Mbit/s SL) C A port A
H S V C B B C C
N P D P C C D D M L K
7 C P C C P P P P M S
BUS BUS
LAN
iGWB BAM HDLC

Serial port
BUS
LAN
Traffic HW
Figure 3-1 Overall hardware architecture of MSC
The description of each module is shown in the Table 3-2:
Table 3-2 Harware module and its function description
Module Description
The maximum switching capacity of CNET is 128k timeslots, it performs the
CNET (Central NET
circuit switching function of user traffic data and can be expanded from 16k to
Module)
128k in step of 16k
CPM (Central Responsible for completing the storage and processing of global data
Processing Module)
Ensures the synchronization of the system with the upper layer network and
CKM (Clock Module) provides the synchronous timing reference used by respective modules in the
system
CCM A module responsible for completing the communication control data transfer
(Communication between the modules in the MSC
Control Module)
SPM (Service Provides a powerful service processing capability and SS7/PRA links
Processing Module)
SRM (Shared Provides various resources shared globally, including GSPD, MFC, CC
Resource Module)
A module responsible for completing traffic data and signaling data
LIM (Line Interface
reassembly/fragmentation. It provides the transmission line drive interface so
Module)
that the 128-module MSC can connect with other network equipment
3-3
Module Description
BAM (Back A module responsible for completing the O&M and fault alarm functions of
Administration MSC, providing network interfaces for connecting with the terminal and
Module) implementing remote/centralized maintenance
A module responsible for completing call bill receiving and storage, generating
iGWB (iGateway Bill)
CDR (Call Detail Record), and providing interfaces with the Billing Center
A logical entity imbedded in the SPM, implemented through the GSPC board.
VLR (Visitor Location
It stores the mobile subscriber data in the range of MSC/VLR for various
Register)
services
A module responsible for providing audible/visible alarms in the case of
ALM (Alarm)
deterioration of the system external environment and any system fault
A terminal, usually a PC, which is connected to BAM through the 10M network
WS (Work Station) adapter. It serves as an O&M interface for the user. Through it, the user can
input and output to perform operations
MSC adopts the dual-network and dual-plane structure. The dual-network refers to the
traffic data network and control data network, and the dual-plane refers to the control
data network load shared by two Hosts.
The traffic data network is the data exchanging network formed by connecting GQSI
(General Quick Signal Interface Board) in LIM subrack with the CNET via 393Mbit/s
HOFL (High-speed Optical Fibre Link). And, the control data network is a data
exchanging network formed by connecting CCM with every module via HDLC
(High-level Data Link Control). The dual-network structure separates the traffic data
exchange and control data exchange, while the dual-plane makes the control data
exchange network more reliable, so that the network exchange, external interface and
service processing are separated.
By viewing Figure 3-1, it is obvious that:
1) The various data from external trunks (E1/T1, STM-1) are transported via
GE16/GETS (General 16-E1 Interface Board / General 16-E1/T1 Interface Board) ,
GECS (General Echo Canceller with Sixteen E1s) and GSTU (General SDH
Interface Unit) to the GQSI in LIM subrack, and code rate is converted, At the
same time, every subrack reports its own information to GQSI via 187.5kbit/s
asynchronous serial port. LIM is responsible for separating the traffic data from the
control data which are all transmitted from external trunks and other modules. The
traffic data will be transmitted to the GSNU (General Skirt Network Unit Board) in
CNET, and control data will be transmitted to the GFSN (General Frame Switching
Network Board) in CCM. CNET is responsible for traffic exchange, while CCM is
for the transmission of communication control data between modules (i.e.,
conducting HDLC frame exchange for frames on link layer).
2) Meanwhile, the synchronous clock subrack CKM traces and phase-locks the 8kHz
clock signal (from the external trunk E1/STU-1 of LIM subrack), and 2MHz/2Mbit/s
clock signal (from external clock reference source), so that the synchronous clock
3-4
signals of 8kHz and 2MHz are generated. These signals are driven by the GCKD
(General Clock Drive Board) in CKM subrack and are changed into 32 lines of
8kHz and 32 lines of 2MHz signals in the differential mode. These signals are sent
to other MSC modules via the private clock signal cables.
3) The 393Mbit/s HOFL is disassembled into 16 lines of 16MHW by the CNET. The
16MHWs are switched, multiplexed into downlink HOFL, and sent to GQSI, where
they are processed in different ways according to the signal types (speech, call
resource, common channel signaling, etc.). For details, please refer to M800
CDMA Mobile Switching Center Hardware Description Manual. SPM does not
have a switching network board that belongs to itself. Its network switching is done
through the CCM directly.
As the management and maintenance center, CPM is responsible for collecting various
information of the boards and resources, and sending the management and
maintenance information.
For detailed description of hardware function, please refer to M800 CDMA Mobile
Switching Center Hardware Description Manual.
3.3 Cabinet Standard Configuration

The hardware standard configuration of MSC can be physically divided into the LIM
(Line Interface Module ) cabinet, the main control cabinet (also called as the AM/CM
cabinet), the SRM (Shared Resource Module) cabinet, the SPM (Service Processing
Module) cabinet and the IMM (Integrated Management Module) cabinet.
3.3.1 LIM Cabinet Configuration
As shown in Figure 3-2, each LIM cabinet can accommodate 4 functional subracks
which are physically the same. The number of such boards can be adjusted according
to the acutal requirements.
3-5
G
G G G G G G G G
P
P S S Q Q S S P
W
W T T S S T T W
S
S U U I I U U S LIM
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
G
G GG G GGG GG G G G G G G G GGG G
P
P EE E EEE EE Q Q E EE E E EEE P
W
W 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 S S 1 1 1 1 1 11 1 W LIM
S
S 66 6 6 6 6 6 6 I I 6 6 6 6 6 66 6 S
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
G GG GG G G G G G G G G GG G G G G G G
P EE EE E E E E Q Q EE EE E E E E P P
W 11 11 1 1 1 1 S S C C CC C C C C W W
S 66 66 6 6 6 6 I I SS SS S S S S S S LIM
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
G
G
G G G G GG G G G G G G G G G G GG
GG G
P
P
P EE OE EO
EEO EE Q Q EEO
O EEO E EO
EE P
W
W
WCC B
W C CB
CCB CC S
S S
S CCB
B CCB C CB
CC W
W
S
S S LIM
S PP C
S P PC
PPC PP II II PPC
C PPC P PC
PP S
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Figure 3-2 LIM cabinet configuration
3.3.2 Main Control Cabinet Configuration
Please refer to Figure 3-3.
3-6
Cooling Fan
Power Distribution
G G G G GG GG G G N N GG G G G G GG G G
P C C C CC CC C B C C B C C C C C CC C P
W N N N NN NN N D C C DN N N N N NN N W Frame 3
S U U U UU UU U R RU U U U U UU U S
0 0 1 12 23 3 4 4 5 5 6 67 7
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
CNET
G G GGG GGGGGGGGG GGGG G G

P P SSS SSSSSSSSS SSSS P P
Frame 2
W W NNN NNNNNNNNN NNNN W W
S S UUU UUUUUUUUU UUUU S S
0 0 1 1 2 23 3 4 4 55 6 6 7 7
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
G GA A CC CC B B G
P AMM DD DD C C P
W LPP PP PP P P W Frame 1
S M 00 11 S
CPM
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
P G G GG P G G GG G G GG G G
W C C CC W P F FF BB FF F P
Frame 0
C K K KK C W S SS AA SS S W
S S DD S N NN CC NN N S CKM/CCM
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Cooling Fan
Figure 3-3 Main control cabinet configuration
z In the two top subrack positions are the CNET (Central NET) subracks. The
number of GSNUs can be adjusted in line with the capacity.
z In the bottom is a CPM (Central Processing Module) subrack, which is fixedly
configured.
3-7
z In the left half subrack at the bottom is a CKM (Clock Module), and in the bottom
right half subrack is a CCM (Commuinication Control Module). The number of
GFSN boards can be adjusted in line with the capacity.
The GSPC board in the CNET subrack is logically configured as an NCC board.
The GCPC boards in the CPM subrack are logically configured as an AMP
(Administration and Maintenance) board, GCDP (Central Data Processor Board) and
BCP (Bus Control Processor board).
3.3.3 SRM Cabinet Configuration
3-8
G
G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G GG
P
P P S S S S S SS S S S S S S S S SS S S SS
W
W W P P P P P P P P P P P P R R R R R R R RR
S
S S T T T T T T T T T T T T C C C C C C C CC SRM
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
G
G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G GG
P
P P SS S S S SS S S S S S S S S SS S S SS
W
W W P P P P P P P P P P P P R R R R R R R RR SRM
S
S S T T T T T T T T T T T T C C C C C C C CC
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
G
G GG GG G G G G G G G G GG G G G G G
P
P MM MM M M M M Q Q M M MM M M M M P
W
W HH HH H H H H S S H H HH H H H H W
S
S I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I S
LIM
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
G
G GG GG G G G G G G G G GG G G G G G
P
P MM MM M M M M Q Q M M MM M M M M P
W
W HH HH H H H H S S H H HH H H H H W
S
S I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I S LIM
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Figure 3-4 SRM cabinet configuration
At the top of the cabinet is an SRM (Shared Resource Module) subrack, which holds
the GSRC boards and GSPD boards, and the number of these boards can be
configured according to the requirements. At the bottommost position is a standard LIM
subrack, which holds the GE16/GSTU/GMHI board. The number of such boards can be
configured according to the requirements.
3-9
3.3.4 SPM Cabinet Configuration
G
G G G G G BB G G G G G
P
P S S S S CC S S S S P
W
W P P P P CC P P P P W
S
S C C C C C C C C S SPM
0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
G
G G G G G GBBG G G G GG GG G G
P
P S S S S C CCC V V C CC CC C P
W
W P P P P P CCP D D P PP PP P W SPM
S
S C C C C C C P P C CC CC C S
0 0 1 1 0 1 7 6 5 4 3 2
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
G
G G G G G G B B G GG G GG GG GG G G
P
P S S S S C CC C CC C CC CC CC C P
W
W P P P P P CCP PP P PP PP PP P W
S
S C C C C C C CC C CC CC CC C S
0 0 1 1 0 1 1110 9 8 7 65 4 3 2
SPM
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
G G G G G G BBG G G G G GG G G G
P S S S S C CCC S S C C CC C C P
W P P P P P CCP P P P P PP P P W
S C C C C C C C C C C CC C C S SPM
0 0 1 1 0 1 2 2 7 6 5 4 3 2
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Figure 3-5 SPM cabinet configuration
The subracks in this cabinet are all SPMs (Service Processing Module), and the
number of relevant boards can be adjusted according to the requirements. The two
active/standby GCPC boards between the subracks are logically configured as BCCs
(Bus Control Cards).
3-10
3.3.5 IMM Cabinet Configuration
Power distribution box 2U
LANSWITCH 2 1U
LANSWITCH Wiring frame 1U
LANSWITCH 1 1U
1U Dummy panel 1U
1U Dummy panel 1U
LANSWITCH Wiring frame 1U
1U Dummy panel 1U
BAM server 5U
Flat display unit 2U
1U Dummy panel 1U
Switchover unit 1U
1U Dummy panel
Keyboard and mouse 1U
Dummy panel 3U
iGWB server
5U
( iGWB active)
iGWB server 5U
( iGWB standby)
Controller
Inverter Inverter 7U
Figure 3-6 IMM cabinet configuration
In MSC, BAM and iGWB are physically placed in one cabinet, which is called the IMM
(Integrated Management Module) cabinet. The configuration scheme is as follows:
z iGWB is equipped with two servers, and BAM with one. They share the inverter,
keyboard, mouse, and LCD (Liquid Crystal Display).
z Servers used are the Dell™ PowerEdge™ 2600 .
For detailed description of hardware function, please refer to M800 CDMA Mobile
Switching Center Hardware Description Manual.
3-11
HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching Center Chapter 4 Software Architecture
Chapter 4 Software Architecture
The chapter gives a brief description on the software feature and structure.
4.1 Composition
The layered structure of the software system of MSC is shown in Figure 4-1. In this
structure, from bottom to top are the hardware, the embedded board software, OS,
CCM, and other functional modules.
SP
le M
m odu
M
O&
Hardware
(Including board
software)
OS
Da
tab m
t
en
as od
le em
CCM
e m ul
du ag
mo man
an e
ag
ce
em
ur
en
so
t
Re
Figure 4-1 Layered structure of the software system of MSC
4.2 Functions
Described in Table 4-1 are the features of the CCM and other functional modules in the
software system:
Table 4-1 Features of the functional modules in the software system
Software Description
Module
Manages the communication data between the modules. The physical entity that
CCM
implements this software function is the CCM, as shown in Figure 3-1
This is a core software module responsible for service implementation and function
support in MSC. It implements the processing of call connections, control and
SPM
signaling. The physical entity that implements this software function is the SPM as
shown in Figure 3-1
4-1
HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching Center Chapter 4 Software Architecture
Software Description
Module
Mainly responsible for managing global shared resources, which include the trunk,
Resource
signal tone, dual-tone transceiver, MFC transceiver, EC pool, and data traffic
Management
channel. The physical entities that implement this software function are the SRM
Module
and the GCDP board in the CPM as shown in Figure 3-1
Database Mainly responsible for managing the user database. The physical entity that
Management implements this software function is the GVDP board in the SPM as shown in Figure
Module 3-1
This module is mainly composed of the equipment management module and

maintenance interface. It obtains the information about the states of all the boards
and their ports, notifies the corresponding serving layer and service layer of any
O&M Module
change, and provides the maintenance interface with BAM. The physical entity that
implements this software function is the AMP board in the CPM module as shown in
Figure 3-1
4-2
HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching Center Chapter 5 Reliability
Chapter 5 Reliability
By the description of system reliability, the perfect character on the whole design,
software structure, hardware structure, operation and maintenance is clarified in this
chapter.
5.1 Reliability Design for Power and Radiation

5.1.1 Power Reliability
z The distributed power supply technique is applied. The high-frequency DC/DC

secondary power module is used in subrack or functional module, which
guarantees high efficiency and stability.
z The secondary power supply system adopts the active/standby technique to
ensure the reliability of the power system.
5.1.2 Radiation Reliability
An assembled rack has three fans at the top and three fans at the bottom to form a
close single air duct for forced draught. Where the iGWB/BAM share the same cabinet,
the server, inverter, LAN switch, etc. are installed in the B68-21 server cabinet (that is
IMM cabinet). They are power consuming devices, and are equipped with fans
themselves. The other devices achieve radiation in a natural way, that is, the air is led in
from the bottom and the front, and led out from the top and the back.
5.2 Hardware Reliability Design

5.2.1 Mature Hardware Platform
Based on the hardware platform of the C&C08 Digital SPC Switch, MSC implements
distributed service processing. It provides multiple backup mechanisms, alarms at
different levels, and flexible fault locating and testing means so as to ensure that MTBF
(Mean Time Between Failures) reaches 12.6 years.
5.2.2 Distributed Processing Design
The functions of MSC are distributed in various functional modules, like the SPM, CCM,
CPM, CNET, and LIM. These logical and functional modules are independent of each
other, and have simple corresponding relationships with the physical modules, physical
subracks or physical boards so as to facilitate management, fault detection and
troubleshooting.
5-1
5.2.3 Board-level Hot Standby
All the important boards in MSC are protected through the hot backup mechanism or
work in mutual-assistance mode. These boards include GSPC, AMP, CDP, VDP, GSNU,
GCNU, and GBAC etc., which can be auto-detected and switched over in the case of
failure.
5.2.4 VLR System Hot Standby
A VLR module runs on a set of GVDP boards that are configured in the SPM subrack.
Each VLR module supports a maximum of 250,000 subscribers, and the MSC system
can be configured with 1 to 4 VLR modules. But in actual implementation, the actual
number of VLR modules is determined by the number of subscribers.
One million subscribers can be supported by an MSC that is fully configured with 4 VLR
modules.
5.2.5 High Reliability for the Boards
Reliability parameter value of the boards is list in Table 5-1.
Table 5-1 Parameter value of the boards
Reliability
Board Name
Fault ratio%10-9/h MTBF(h) MTBF(y)
GCKS 2623 381242.85 43.52
GCKD 700 1428571.13 163.08
GBAC 1994 501504.32 57.25
GFSN 2274 439753.74 50.20
GCPC 1569 637348.63 72.76
GCNU 776 1288659.79 147.11
GSNU 12318 81182.01 9.27
GBDR 359 2785515.32 317.98
GQSI 4342 230308.6 26.29
CDP 234.8 4258943.78 486.18
GE16/GETS 1347 742390.5 84.75
GPWS 1152 868055.56 99.09
PWC 1942 514933.06 58.78
AMP 1569 637348.63 72.76
BCP 1569 637348.63 72.76
5-2
Reliability
Board Name
Fault ratio%10-9/h MTBF(h) MTBF(y)
GSPD 1412 708215.3 80.85
GSRC 2477 403714.2 46.09
GMHI 1059 944287.1 107.80
GSPC 2998 333555.70 38.08
GSTU 7167.6 139516.7 15.93
GECS 1721 581057.5 66.33
GECP 1537 650618.1 74.27
5.2.6 Adopting Quality Devices
All the devices in MSC are quality devices after the strict selection of aging test. They
are assembled under strict quality control so as to guarantee the stability and reliability
for long-term use.
5.2.7 Reliability for Link Communication Subnet
The link communication subnet of MSC works in dual-plane load-sharing mode so as to

improve the link communication reliability. Each plane has a frame switching center
(CCM) so that every link between user terminals can have two HDLC links distributed
symmetrically on each plane. When both of the planes work normally, communication
can be conducted through either #0 plane or #1 plane. The communication among user
terminals is statically distributed over two communication planes based on certain
load-sharing regulations.
5.2.8 Supporting Hardware Version Report Capability
All the boards support the version report capability. Some boards support the online
loading capability. All the boards adopt the Flash technology. Logical software adopts
the on-site programmable logic device, and some boards support the online loading
capability through the embedded software. The hardware can be upgraded by
replacing board software instead of the board of itself.
5.3 Software Reliability Design

5.3.1 CMM4-based Software Development
Huawei has been awarded the Software CMM-4 Certification , therefore all the system
software of MSC has undergone stringent review, inspection, test, authentication and
perfection so that the system can operate securely and stably.
5-3
5.3.2 Error Tolerance
Such measures as critical resource detection, task monitoring, storage protection, data
check and operational log saving are taken to ensure that an insignificant fault or
operational error will not cause the system breakdown.
5.3.3 Data Reliability
Important data is stored in nonvolatile memory and real-time Foreground/Background

data backup is employed to ensure the reliability and consistency of data.
The segment page protection mechanism is adopted in MMU (Memory Management
Unit) to implement a certain storage function unit. (After the MMU is started, the
system’s performance will deteriorate significantly, so it is necessary to make a balance
between the performance and the reliability.)
Open the MMU in the system, set the access attribute (like “Inaccessible”, “Readable”,
and “Readable and Writable”) in the corresponding segment page (block) table, and
you can implement the storage protection for a certain memory. Now the storage
protection of the MMU is mainly responsible for protecting code segments (for
preventing them from being destroyed) and important data areas (for preventing the
content of the important data area from being modified illegally. To make a legal
modification, it is necessary to first modify the attribute of the corresponding segment
page in this memory. When the modification is completed, just restore the original
attribute).
5.3.4 Self-diagnosis Function
I. Fault Detection
MSC provides powerful functions to automatically detect and diagnose software and
hardware faults as well as print and store such fault information. The hardware fault
detection function provides the means for fault location, isolation of failed hardware or
automatic switchover to the backup hardware. In the case of any software failure, the
system provides certain automatic error correction measures and automatic recovery
functions, including restarting and reloading. For the major faults, fault indication
signals are also given in addition to recording and printing of them. The system
implements repeated detection on a hardware fault before confirming it in order to avoid
the system reconfiguration or service quality degradation caused by occasional faults.
II. Fault Locating
For trunk circuits and signal equipment, testing and locating to the circuit level is
available. For circuits of common control parts, such as service processing unit,
switching network and interface circuit, 70% of the faults can be located to one specific
board, 90% to two specific boards (i.e. the fault is on either this board or that board),
5-4
100% to three specific boards (i.e. the fault may come from one, two or all of the three
specific boards).
5.3.5 Dynamic Upgrading
z Supporting the software patching function.

z Supporting online data configuration (used for online capacity expansion).
z Supporting such maintenance commands as board isolation and activation (used
for online capacity expansion).
5.3.6 Dangerous Operation Confirmation Function
The MML command has the function of confirming a dangerous operation. That is, only
when confirmed by the user can an operation be executed so as to avoid incorrect
operations.
5.4 System Load Control

5.4.1 Load Control According to CPU Occupancy
The default load control triggering threshold of the system is 80% (CPU load) and the
terminating threshold is 70%. The maintenance staff can use the OMC system to
modify these threshold values according to their requirements.
To achieve smooth traffic adjustment, MSC requires that the trigger threshold in load
control be greater than the terminating threshold. Once started, load control is
terminated only when the CPU load drops to the terminating threshold. This helps to
avoid frequent load control starts and stops in a certain period of time.
Via various interfaces (including A-interface and C/D interface), MSC implements
multi-level load control (for example, traffic control at A-interface is implemented at 15
levels through the smooth window technique, corresponding to levels 1-15; the
acceptable traffic volume ranges 1% -100%).
Services restricted by the load control of the interfaces are:
z A-interface: mainly used to restrict location update, the call services of intra-MSC
(Mobile Originated Call) and MTC (Mobile Terminated Call).
z C/D interface: restricts supplementary services and short message service by
restricting MAP messages.
z TUP/ISUP interface: restricts incoming calls by restricting TUP/ISUP messages.
5.4.2 Load Control According to Trunk Circuit Seizure
In the trunk group of MSC, the number of reserved circuits can be flexibly configured,
which serves as the condition for starting load control. Once it finds that the number of
currently idle circuits is less than the “number of reserved circuits”, the system will
5-5
auto-start load control. But this control applies to ordinary subscribers only, that is, the
system will bar calls by the ordinary subscribers, but the privileged subscribers can still
make calls normally. “Reserved” means that these circuits are reserved for privileged
subscribers.
This function guarantees the communications of privileged subscribers in peak hours.
5.4.3 Flow Control According to Amount of Bills Stored in Bill Pool
A storage space is designed on the GSPC board of MSC for saving the original bills
generated during calls. The storage space is called the “bill pool”. Bills generated will be
first stored in the bill pool and then sent to the iGWB, which implements permanent
storage and backup online bills and sends them to the Billing Center.
Upon abnormalities (such as the temporary communication interruption between the
GSPC and the iGWB), the system might not send the bills in the bill pool to the iGWB
on a real time basis. If no measure is taken in this case, the bill pool might overflow (bills
cannot be stored) and some bills might get lost.
To avoid this situation, MSC/VLR system is designed with the hierarchical call barring
function. When the occupancy of the bill pool exceeds a certain limit, the system will
generate an alarm and start the hierarchical call barring function. In case of “bill pool
full”, all calls will be barred and no calls will be connected.
5.5 Reliability Design for the Charging System

5.5.1 Reliability Design for the Charging Gateway (iGWB)
1) -48 V DC is adopted for supplying power to the equipment room. The two inverters
are working in the active/standby mode. The redundancy configuration of the
iGWB power supply ensures the power supply security.
2) High performance enterprise-class servers are adopted with two servers working
in the active/standby mode.
3) Dual backup for physical links between the Host and the iGWB including the
hardware such as network adapter and LAN Switch.
4) Up to 2 heartbeat paths are supported between the active and the standby servers
to enable the correct switchover in case of abnormalities.
5) Bill storage disk is designed with error tolerance,
z The Raid 5 error tolerance technology is adopted. Bill data are saved in two
separate Raid 5 disks. Even one of them is damaged, no bill data will be lost.
z The Hot Standby technology is applied. The redundant hard disk is placed in the
disk array, which is rarely used. In case of damages to one of the hard disks
normally in use, the redundant one will be used to replace the damaged one
automatically.
z The iGWB can monitor hard disk faults and implement real-time alarms.
5-6
5.5.2 Reliability Design for iGWB Software
I. Program Reliability
z The monitoring procedure monitors the operation status of the iGWB software. In
case of abnormality, it will inform the general control module to terminate the
procedure and restart or carry out the active/standby switchover.
z The iGWB can instantly send the complete alarm information to the alarm box to
remove the corresponding fault in the iGWB.
II. Reliability of Bill Data
z The bills should not be lost or repeated.

Each bill data packet is assigned a unique and sequential packet number to ensure the
security. The iGWB will save the original bill data reliably and send the confirmation to
the Host. At the same time, it will record the current bill confirmation status in details to
make sure no bill is lost or repeated. By saving the data packet number and via the
recovery process according to the packet number after each starting, the consistency
of data in original bills and final bills can be guaranteed.
z Data backup and data recovery from offline status
The iGWB is designed with timed tasks to timely backup the important data on the
iGWB and implement validity check. In case of errors, the data can be recovered by
using the backup data. Via the dual backup and information check, security of the
status information can be ensured.
5.5.3 User Access Security Design
I. Protection by User Name and Password
To log in to the bill client, user name and password are needed. The user can
automatically log out when there is no operation within a certain period of time, so as to
avoid unauthorized operations.
II. Operation Restriction of Bill Client
At the bill Client, a user can only browse, rather than delete or modify the bill data, logs
and alarms. The security of bill data is thus ensured.
III. Separation of Public Network from Private Network
In the iGWB, multiple network adapters are in different network segments. No message
will be transferred among them, thus the external users and the internal private network
are separated.
5-7
IV. Restriction of IP Address of the Bill Client
By configuring the Web Server, the IP address of the bill Client can be restricted to
prevent the access by unauthorized nodes.
5.5.4 Bill Security Design
From the completion of a call to sending the bill information to the Billing Center, the bill
data exercises four-level buffering to avoid loss due to abnormalities. The four levels
are: Host bill pool buffering, original bill file buffering, final bill file buffering and
automatic optical disk backup.
I. Host Bill Pool Buffering
With a size of 64 MB, the Host bill pool can buffer 330,000 original bills.
II. Original Bill File Buffering
After the original bills are sent to the iGWB from the bill pool, they will be first saved on
the hard disk for level-2 buffering.
III. Final Bill File Buffering
After the bill server has processed the original bills, it will save the final bill data that are
provided to the Billing Center to the hard disk for level-3 buffering.
IV. Disk Automatic Backup
The iGWB can periodically copy the bill data from the hard disk to the writable disk.
5-8
HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching Center Chapter 6 Operation & Maintenance
Chapter 6 Operation & Maintenance
6.1 Operation & Maintenance System

6.1.1 Introduction to the System
The operation and maintenance of MSC is performed by local Operation and

Maintenance (O&M) subsystem, which includes Back Administration Module (BAM),
iGateway Bill (iGWB), Local Maintenance Terminal (LMT) and ALarM box (ALM), as
shown in Figure 6-1.
BAM is in charge of managing equipment of Host. It is also connected with the
iManager M2000 Network Management System, via which centralized management
can be implemented. The iGateway Bill is responsible for bill management. The LMT
provides operation and maintenance interface for user and ALM generates audio &
visual alarms.
NMC
Dialup network
LAN
Router
PSTN
Operational terminal
M2000 server (integrated NMS) Frame E1 DDN X.25 PSTN
relay network
Remote access
Router
server
LAN
BAM
ALM
LMT
M800 CDMA MSC
Figure 6-1 MSC O& M system
6.1.2 Features
The O&M terminal combines the Man Machine Language (MML) and Graphic User
Interface), i.e. MSC provides a graphic terminal based on MML command line. You can
input relevant command at the LMT with the help of MML navigation interface to
perform operation and maintenance. Via GUI, you can trace the operation, query
6-1
hardware operation status, query alarm information on a real-time basis and display
desired performance measurement result.
Meanwhile, the O&M system also provides command on-line help. You can easily get
relevant information from the user interface.
6.1.3 Operation and Maintenance Mode
In terms of the level of O&M, the operation and maintenance of MSC can be classified
into equipment maintenance, centralized maintenance and network management. In
terms of the place where the O&M is conducted, it can be classified into local
maintenance and remote maintenance.
6.2 Major Functions

The O&M system of MSC accomplishes the functions of security management, data
configuration and database management, maintenance management, tracing
management, alarm management, performance measurement, software patch
management, bill management etc. It can also connect with the M2000, via which
centralized management can be implemented. Detail in Table 6-1
Table 6-1 Major functions of O&M system
Operation & Description

Maintenance
MSC O&M system is a multi-user system. To ensure security, the system provides
authority management and log management.
Authority management: Hierarchical management is adopted, i.e. the users and
maintenance consoles of different levels are given different authorities. Only when
Security
the user and the maintenance console both have the authority can an MML
Management
command be executed
Log management: The MML operation records can be queried. By querying the
operation log of the user, you can find whether any operation affecting the system
was conducted, which then results in fault
With data configuration and database management function provided, you can:
Data
Add, delete, modify or query the configuration data necessary for system
Configuration and
operation.
Database
Management Manage the database to ensure data backup and data consistency between Host
and BAM
6-2

Maintenance
The maintenance management involves most of the commands for routine
maintenance, which are input in MML.
After receiving maintenance commands from various O&M terminals, BAM
categorizes those commands and then sends them to different parts of the Host
for processing.
According to the functions of the maintenance commands, the maintenance
management can be divided into the following categories:
Equipment maintenance and control: You can query equipment status, manage
Maintenance boards, subracks, resources and control semi-permanent connection.
Management Trunk/signaling management and control: Via trunk/signaling management, you
can learn the seizure of circuit and link resources as well as faults occurred, and
remove the fault via manual intervention. The trunk/signaling management and
control involve circuit control and MTP3 signaling maintenance.
Test management: You can conduct continuity check and Bit Error Rate (BER)
test online.
Software patch management: You can dynamically upgrade the system online
without affecting the services providing of the system.
Other maintenance functions: Software parameter setting
MSC provides graphic interface for tracing management. Thus, via tracing
interface or signaling message, you can verify data and remove fault easily.
The tracing management of MSC involves:
Interface message tracing: Via graphic interface, you can trace the messages of
A-interface, C/D/E/G interface, Gs and CAP interface
User interface tracing: Via graphic interface, you can trace the message on
Tracing specified interface of a mobile subscriber
Management Signaling message tracing: Via graphic interface, you can trace signaling
messages of MTP3, TCAP and SCCP
Message explanation: You can obtain detailed explanation of the interface or
signaling message traced
Online and offline tracing review: You can export the message tracing result to the
LMT for future review. You can review the result online (by logging into the LMT) or
offline
The alarm management system of MSC can detect and report the fault or
abnormality of the equipment on a real-time basis. When fault occurs, audible and
Alarm
visual alarm will be generated by the ALM (alarm box), and relevant alarm
Management
information and troubleshooting suggestions will be displayed at LMT (Local
Maintenance Terminal)
The performance management system of MSC provides you performance
measurement information, such as traffic in various directions, call proceedings,
quality of service, failure causes, etc. From the information, you can learn
equipment operation status in time. Moreover, the information is very important for
Performance equipment management and further network performance optimization,
Management
With the performance measurement subsystem, you can create, modify, run,
suspend, delete or query a performance measurement task. The measurement
result can be displayed in graphic interface. Moreover, the system can further
analyze the measurement result and display the result in bar chart or line chart
6-3

Maintenance
MSC employs modular design by separating network switching, service
processing and system resources. Each module is relatively independent and
corresponds to one subrack. The configuration of modules can be determined
Supporting based on actual requirements.
Online Capacity MSC supports online capacity expansion, which means the users can modify
Expansion equipment configuration during system operation, and enter/exit services through
activation or separation operations. This online capacity expansion function
protects the benefits of the network operator, and does not affect the normal
provision of service
6-4
HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching Center Chapter 7 Protocols and Standards Complied
Chapter 7 Protocols and Standards Complied
MSC complies with the following protocols and standards:

ANSI T1.114-1996 -Transaction Capabilities Application Part TCAP
ANSI/TIA/EIA-41-D, Cellular Radio telecommunications Intersystem Operations 1997
ANSI/TIA/EIA-664, Cellular Features Description; June 1996
TIA/EIA/IS-634 Interim Standard 634
TIA/EIA/IS-637 Short Message Services for Wideband Spread Spectrum Cellular
System
TIA/EIA/IS-95-A/B Mobile Station -Base Station Compatibility Standard for Dual-Mode
Wide band Spread Spectrum Cellular System
TIA/EIA/IS-97 Recommended Minimum Performance Standards for Base Stations
Supporting Dual-Mode Wide band Spread Spectrum Cellular Mobile Stations
TIA/EIA/IS-124 Wireless Radio Telecommunication System Non-Signaling Data
Communication DMH (Data Message Handler)
TIA/EIA/IS-771, Wireless Intelligent Network; Telecommunications Industry
Association: December, 1998
TIA/EIA/IS-826 Wireless Intelligent Network Capabilities For Pre-Paid Charging
TIA/EIA/IS-848 Wireless Intelligent Network capabilities
TIA/EIA/IOS-2.0/2.1 Inter-operability Specification
TIA/EIA/PN4197 TIA/EIA-41-D Internationalization
TIA/EIA/PN4545 Inter-Operability Specification(IOS) for CDMA2000 Access Network
Interfaces
TIA/EIA/IOS-4.0/4.1 Inter-operability Specification
TIA/EIA/PN 4287 Wireless Intelligent Network (WIN) Phase II
TIA/EIA/PN 4289 Cellular Radio telecommunications Intersystem Operations
TIA/EIA/PN4747 Location Services Enhancements
7-1
HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching Center Chapter 8 Technical Parameters
Chapter 8 Technical Parameters
8.1 General Technical Parameters

I. Performance parameter
The performance parameter in maximum configuration and in minimum configuration

are list in Table 8-1 and Table 8-2
Table 8-1 Parameters in maximum configuration
Parameter name Parameter value

BHCA 3600k
Maximum traffic (Erl) 30 k
Maximum number of VMSC subscribers 1000 k
Maximum Number of VLR subscribers 1250 k
Maximum number of SS7 links 1024
Maximum number of trunks 120 k
Maximum traffic of SS7 link (Erl) 0.8
Maximum number of multiple SPs 16
Maximum number of virtual MSC 32
Maximum lengths of storing and analyzing number 24
Cabinet number 9
Note:
z The maximum number of trunks an MSC can support depends on the number of LIM subracks and the
number of GE16/GETS boards in each LIM subrack. Each GE16/GETS can provide 16 E1 interfaces,
so: The maximum number of trunks = 256%16= 4,096 PCMs = 4096%30 = 122,880 trunks.
z When the MSC serves as the VMSC, the number of GE16/GETS boards configured cannot reach the
maximum value. Considering that the intelligent services may occupy some trunks, the system can
support maximum one million subscribers on the basis of 0.03Erl for every subscriber's traffic, 0.7 Erl
for the trunk traffic and no more than 30% of the trunk being occupied by intelligent service (Detailed
calculation omitted).
z Maximum Traffic Volume = Each User's Traffic Volume % Maximum Users Number = 0.03% 1000000 =
30000Erl.
z The maximum BHCA value (3600k) is the processing capability of GSPC board actually tested.
8-1
Table 8-2 Parameters in minimum configuration

BHCA 180 k
Maximum traffic (Erl) 2000 Erl
Maximum number of VMSC subscribers 10 k
Maximum Number of VLR subscribers 250 k
Maximum number of SS7 links 32 Links
Maximum number of trunks 256E1/4SDH/8kDT
Maximum traffic of SS7 link (Erl) 0.8
Maximum number of multiple SPs 16
Maximum number of virtual MSC 32
Maximum lengths of storing and analyzing number 24
Cabinet number 3
II. Service parameter
Detail in Table 8-3.
Table 8-3 Service parameter

Maximum number of IN Subsribers 1000k
Maximum resource channels 10584
III. Reliability parameter
Table 8-4 Reliability parameter

Availability 0.99999545
MTBF (Mean time between system failures) 12.6 years
MTTR (Mean time to repair) 0.5 hour
Mean downtime one year 2.39 min
8-2
8.2 Physical Parameters

8.2.1 Dimensions and Weight
Table 8-5 Dimensions and weight
Item Specification
Cabinet dimensions (depth Assembled cabinet 880(with side panels) X550X2100(with top cover)
x width x height) (mm) B68-21cabinet 600(with side panels) X800X2100(with top cover)
Assembled cabinet 224kg(empty)/310kg (in full configuration)
Weight of a cabinet (kg)
B68-21cabinet 130kg(empty)/440kg (in full configuration)
8.2.2 Equipment Room Floor Load-bearing Requirements
The load-bearing capacity of the floor in the equipment room should be greater than
400 kg/m2.
8.2.3 Power Features
MSC works under -48 V DC, with the working power input range from -40 V to 52 V.
There are three kinds of grounds altogether: working ground, protection ground and
lightning protection ground.
8.3 Technical Parameters of the Power Consumption

Table 8-6 Technical parameters of the power consumption
Subscriber IMM LIM SPM AM SRM SPM LIM SPM LIM

Total
capacity (in cabinet cabinet cabinet cabinet cabinet cabinet cabinet cabinet cabinet
(kW)
ten thousand) (kW) 1 (kW) 1 (kW) (kW) 1 (kW) 2 (kW) 2 (kW) 2 (kW) 3 (kW)
20 2.2 1 0.7 1 0.4 0 0 0 0 5.3
40 2.2 1.9 0.9 1.1 0.5 0 0 0 0 6.6
60 2.2 1.9 0.9 1.15 0.55 0.6 1 0 0 8.3
80 2.2 1.9 0.9 1.3 0.6 0.9 1.8 0 0 9.6
100 2.2 1.9 0.9 1.5 0.9 0.9 1.9 0.9 1.6 12.7
8-3
8.4 Environmental Parameters

8.4.1 Environment and Safety Parameters
MSC meets the following standards in terms of the environment and safety rules:
GR-63-CORE Network Equipment-Building System(NEBS)Requirements: Physical
Protection.
ETS 300 019-2-1( – 3) Environmental Conditions and Environmental Tests for
Telecommunications Equipment.
IEC60721-3-1 ( – 3) Classification of Groups of Environmental Parameters and Their
Severities.
ETS 300 753 Acoustic Noise Emitted by Telecommunications Equipment.
8.4.2 Operation Environment Requirements
I. Temperature and Humidity
Table 8-7 Temperature and humidity in operation environment
Temperature Relative humidity

Normal operation 0 – +45oC 5% – 85% (1 – 25 g/m3)
Safe operation -5 – +55oC 5% – 95% (1 – 29 g/m3)
Note: Safe operation conditions refer to the condion under which the machine can work continuously for
a period less than 96 hours, and accumulatively less than 15 days in a year.
II. Physical Environment
Table 8-8 Physical environment in operation environment
Atmospheri Wind Solar Thermal Falling Suspendin

Sands
c pressure speed radiation radiation dust g dust
86 – 105 kPa. 5.0 m/s 700 W/m2 600 W/m2 1.5 mg/m2h 0.2 mg/m3 30 mg/m3
III. Chemical Environment Requirements
Such requirements are specific to the devices and materials, and will not be tested for
the whole system.
8-4
Table 8-9 Chemical environment requirements in operation environment
SO2 H2S Cl2 HCl NOx NH3 HF O3

0.01 – 0.05 –
0.3 – 1.0 0.1 – 0.5 0.1 – 0.3 0.1 – 0.5 0.5 – 1.0 1.0 – 3.0
0.03 0.1
8.4.3 Storage Environment Requirements
Table 8-10 Temperature and humidity in storage environment

-50 – +70 oC 10% – 100% (1 – 25 g/m3)
Table 8-11 Physical environment in storage environment
Solar Thermal Suspending

Wind speed Falling dust Sands
radiation radiation dust
30 m/s 1120 W/m2 600 W/m2 20 mg/m2h 5.0 mg/m3 300 mg/m3
III. Chemical Environment
Such requirements are specific to the devices, and will not be tested for the whole
system. Detail in Table 8-12.
Table 8-12 Chemical environment in storage environment

0.01 – 0.05 –
0.3 – 1.0 0.1 – 0.5 0.1 – 0.3 0.1 – 0.5 0.5 – 1.0 1.0 – 3.0
0.03 0.1
8.4.4 Transportation Environment Requirements
Detail in Table 8-13.Table 8-12
8-5
Table 8-13 Temperature and humidity in transportation environment

-50 – +70 oC 5% – 100% (1 – 25 g/m3)
Detail in Table 8-14.Table 8-12
Table 8-14 Physical environment in transportation environment
Solar Thermal Suspending

Wind speed Falling dust Sands
radiation radiation dust
20 m/s 1120 W/m2 600 W/m2 3.0 mg/m2h Not required 100 mg/m3
III. Chemical Environment
Chemical environment requirements are specific to the devices and materials, and will
not be tested for the whole system. Detail in Table 8-15
Table 8-15 Chemical environment in transportation environment

0.01 – 0.05 –
0.3 – 1.0 0.1 – 0.5 0.1 – 0.3 0.1 – 0.5 0.5 – 1.0 1.0 – 3.0
0.03 0.1
8.4.5 EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility)
MSC satisfies the specifications defined in ETSI EN 300 386 V1.2.1 (2000 – 03). The
following party gives the indices of Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) and
Electromagnetic Sensitivity (EMS).
I. EMI indexes
z Conductive Emission (CE)

Table 8-16 Conduction emission of – 48V power supply port
Limited value (dB 3 V)

Frequency range
Average Peak
0.02 MHz – 0.15 MHz – 79
0.15 MHz – 0.50 MHz 66 79
0.50 MHz – 30 MHz 60 73
8-6
z Radiation Emission (RE)

Table 8-17 Radiation emission indices
Frequency band (MHz) Quasi-peak value (dB 3 V/m)
30 – 230 40
230 – 1000 47
Note:
The measurement point should be at a distance of 10 m from the switching equipment.
II. EMS indexes
z Conduction Sensitivity (CS)

These indices in Table 8-18 mainly aims at 48V DC power cable terminals and part of
signal terminals (considered only when the cable between ports exceeds 3m).
Table 8-18 Conduction Sensitivity
Port Frequency range Voltage class Performance class

(AC/DC) port 150 kHz – 230 MHz 10 V A
Signal port 10 V A
z Radiation Sensitivity (RS)

Table 8-19 is a system-level index.
Table 8-19 Radiation Sensitivity
Frequency range Voltage class Performance class

80 MHz – 1 GHz 10V/m A
z Electro-Static Discharge (ESD)

These indices in Table 8-20 are applicable to hands or other electrostatic sources
affecting parts of the product such as boards, frames, cabinet shell, etc.
8-7
Table 8-20 Electro-Static Discharge
ESD mode Voltage class Performance class

8 kV B
Air discharge
15 kV R
6 kV B
Contact discharge
8 kV R
z Electronic fast transient pulse burst (EFT)

The EFT indices in Table 8-21 are mainly applicable to DC ports and partial signal ports
(when the line connecting the ports is over 3 m long).
Table 8-21 Electronic fast transient pulse burst
Port Voltage class Performance class

AC port 2 kV B
DC port 2 kV B
Signal port 1 kV B
z Surge
The index in Table 8-22 mainly aims at DC power cable terminals and part of signal
terminals (such as indoor signal cable terminals and E1 terminals).
Table 8-22 Surge
Performance
Port Voltage class
class
DC port 1 kV (differential mode), 2 kV (common mode) B
Indoor (system
Signal port 1 kV B
internal cabling)
8-8
HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching Center Appendix A Abbreviations and Acronyms
Appendix A Abbreviations and Acronyms
AAA Authorization, Authentication and Accounting

AC Authentication Center
ADM Add/Drop Multiplexer
AMP Administration Module Processing Board
BAM Back Administration Module
BCC Bus Communication Board
BCP Bus Control Processing Board
BHCA Busy Hour Call Attempt
BITS Building Integrated Timing Supply
BSS Base Station Subsystem
CAS Channel Associated Signaling
CCM Communication Control Module
CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
CFB Call Forwarding - Busy
CFD Call Forwarding – Default
CFNA Call Forwarding - No Answer
CFU Call Forwarding – Unconditional
CKM Clock module
CNET Central NET
CNIP Calling Number Identification Presentation
CNIR Calling Number Identification Restriction
CPM Central Processing Module
DND Do Not Disturb
Electronics Industries Association/Telecommunications Industries
EIA/TIA
Association
FTAM File Transfer Access Management
FTP File Transfer Protocol
GALM General Alarm Board
GBAC General Bus Administration Configuration Board
GBDR General Bus Drive Board
A-1
GCKD General Clock Drive Board

GCKS General Clock Board
GCNU General Central Switching Network Unit
GCPC General Central Processor Board
GE16 General 16-E1 Interface Board
GETS General 16-E1/T1 Interface Board
GECP General Echo Canceller Board
GECS General Echo Canceller Board With Sixteen E1s
GFSN General Frame Switching Network Board
GMHI General Multi-Highway Interface Board
GMSC Gateway MSC
GPWS General Power Supply Board
GQSI General Quick Signal Interface Board
GSNU General Skirt Network Unit Board
GSPC General Service Processor Board
GSPT General Speech and Tone Resource Board
GSRC General Shared Resources Board
GSTU General SDH Interface Unit
GUI Graphic User Interface
GVDP General VLR Data Processor Board
HA Home Agent
HLR Home Location Register
iGWB i-Gateway Bill
IMM Integrated Management Module Cabinet
IN Intelligent Network
IP Intelligent Periphrial
ISDN Integrated Service Digital Network
ISUP ISDN User Part
LIM Line Interface Module
MC Message Center
MM Mobile Management
MML Man Machine Language
MSC Mobile Switching Center
MTBF Mean Time Between Failures
A-2
NCC Network Communication Control Board

NMS Network Management System
OMC Operation and Maintenance Center
PCF Packet Control Function
PDSN Packet Data Service Node
PLMN Public Land Mobile Network
PRA Primary Rate Access
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
PWC Secondary Power Supply Board
SCP Service Control Point
SP Signaling Point
SPM Service Processing Module
SRM Shared Resource Module
SS7 Signaling System No.7
SSD Shared Secret Data
STM-1 SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) Transport Module-1
TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol /Internet Protocol
TLDN Temporary Local Directory Number
TUP Telephone User Part
VLR Visitor Location Register
WS Work Station
WIN Wireless Intelligent Network
A-3

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Chapter 1 Introduction to M800 CDMA MSC .................................................

Chapter 8 Technical Parameters .................................................................... 8-1

HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching Center

Volume System Description

Manual Version T2-030235-20040420-C-6.30

Product Version V610R003

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Address: Administration Building, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.,

Bantian, Longgang District, Shenzhen, P. R. China

Postal Code: 518129

All Rights Reserved

No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any

, HUAWEI, C&C08, EAST8000, HONET, , ViewPoint, INtess, ETS, DMC,

HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching

HUAWEI M800 CDMA Mobile Switching Instructions on replacement procedures of boards,

HUAWEI iGateway Bill User Manual Introduction to theories, installation, operation,

The manual is intended for the following readers:

The manual uses the following conventions:

II. Command conventions

IV. Keyboard operation

Caution, Warning, Danger: Means reader be extremely careful during the

Note, Comment, Tip, Knowhow, Thought: Means a complementary description.

Chapter 1 Introduction to M800 CDMA MSC .............................................................................. 1-1

Chapter 2 Features and Functions .............................................................................................. 2-1

Chapter 3 Hardware Function ...................................................................................................... 3-1

Chapter 4 Software Architecture ................................................................................................. 4-1

Chapter 5 Reliability ...................................................................................................................... 5-1

5.2.3 Board-level Hot Standby ......................................................................................... 5-2

Chapter 6 Operation & Maintenance ........................................................................................... 6-1

Chapter 7 Protocols and Standards Complied........................................................................... 7-1

Chapter 8 Technical Parameters.................................................................................................. 8-1

8.4.5 EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) ..................................................................... 8-6

Appendix A Abbreviations and Acronyms .................................................................................A-1

Chapter 1 Introduction to M800 CDMA MSC

1.2 Network Structure

1.3 Functional Entities

Table 1-1 Functional entities and description of CDMA network

Functional Entity Description

Service Switching Point (SSP), as the functional entity of IN (Intelligent Network),

Functional Entity Description

z STM-1 (155 Mbit/s) trunk interface

1.4.2 Clock Reference Interfaces

z Building Intergrated Timing Supply (BITS) clock reference interface at 2.048

1.4.3 Major Protocol Interfaces

Table 1-2 Protocol interfaces of MSC

iManager M2000 adopts standard CORBA interfaces to connect to the NM system. It

1.4.5 MML Interface

1.4.6 GUI Command Interface

1.5 Networking Mode

Chapter 2 Features and Functions

This chapter introduces the features and functions of MSC.

2.1 System Features

Table 2-1 Functional entities and description of CDMA network

2.2 Services and Features

The CDMA basic services is list in Table 2-2

Table 2-2 CDMA basic services

Service Type Sub-type

2.2.2 Providing CDMA Customized Feature

Table 2-3 CDMA customized feature and description

Feature Type Description

Feature Type Description

Feature Type Description

Feature Type Description

Chapter 3 Hardware Function