Pre-Calculus 12 Lesson 3 Unit 3 Polynomials

Factoring Polynomials

3.1 Factoring Polynomials

Factoring a simple trinomial.

x2 4x 5
C- 1) 157=-5
-1+5=4

( x 1) Hts)
-

Factoring a messy trinomial.

6 x2 13x 5
( X ) 16×7 a) Is )

( 2x) 16×1 till-5 )

( ex -
1) (3×-5)

¥÷ ×
Difference of Squares

Ca b) Cat )
b
a2 b2 =
-

2- 645
fl :

( a a) I 18 b)

(aa -

fb) ( aatfb)

3.2 Factoring Polynomials

First Rule of Factoring Remove factor if
a common
possible
Factor Completely

5x2 10 x 15

51×2 -
2x -

3)
5- ( xtl ) ( x
-
3)
x4 3x 2 28
1×2-4) 1×47)

( x 2) txt 41×47)
-

Lesson 3 Page 1 of 8 Unit 3

 4 x3 3x 2 x
G) flex)
X ( x 1) (4*1)
-

12×712×7 Wx

X( 4×2-3×-1 )
""⇒
L÷¥ ×

3.3 Factoring Polynomials

Example 1
Completely factor the following:

a) x 4 4 x2 45

(xY(x3)- Xu 4×2-45
-

1×41×2)

Cx
'

-911×45 )

(x -
3) Gt3> 1×45)
b) 6 x 2 14 x 12

2/35-7×-6 ) G) (6)
all -61
213*2 ) ( X -

3) C- 2) (3)
Ux
1211-3)

c) 30 x4 34 x3 8x2
( -1714 )
(5×11×1 2×415×42×-4)
CDC -4 )
13×115×7 (2) C-2 )
2×43×-4715*1 )
Wx

×
Lesson 3 Page 2 of 8 Unit 3
3.4 Difference of Cubes
Difference of Cubes

Cy )3= ( x g) ( x'exyty )
' ' 's .

(x ) ly ) ( x) -
-

)
x
'
y3= Cx -

g) 1×4×9+92 's

8×3
-

x -

? Cx )
y ) exytyz ) c×gIczP=Cx -271×4×1271225
y ( x'
-
-

=cx-4cx4xcz) -1142 )
'
X 't x'g
' -

=
+ xy -
-

xy
-

y
3-
x y3=XZy3 ×
3-
g = Cx -

2) 44 2×+4

3.5 Difference of Cubes

Must have the ability to identify a difference of cubes.
Are the following polynomials a difference of cubes?

64a3 125b3
yes

27a3 16b3 no

1 216y3 yes

Factor Completely

64a3 125b3 = Cx y) ( x4xyty2 )

-

!!
i
4%-1543=(49-5674444144156) -1GBP )
=
( ka 54 ( 14 a)
- 7- Cea ) 1557-11542)

6493-12563 ( ka-55) ( ka
-

tzoab -1255 )

Example 2
Completely factor the following:

a) 1 216b3

( 1.) 3- ( bb) ! Cx y) ( x' txyty -

)
'

= ( I bb) Cl )
-
-

c- G) Cfb) -11644
)
= ( ttb) ( I -164365
Lesson 3 Page 3 of 8 Unit 3
 b) 54 128b3

2127 -
6452 )
)
2. ( ( 3) 2- ( 444 = ( x y) ( x4xyty2
-

tab ) 2)
= 213 Eb) ( ( 317137 Ceb)
-

⇒ (3-44191-1251-165)

3.6 Sum of Cubes

Sum of Cubes

( x) 't ly )3 ( x ) 't Cy)3=c×ty)Cx2 xyty

) -

)
×3+yzixty) 1×2-49+92 ×3 tf
) )
'

caste)3=CxtzXx2xHtC2
X3tY3=( xty) ( # yty 2) x
=( -12) ( 2×127+1214
x x

3- 's
XZYFXY + x2y XY # y
= X -
-

x4s=cxt4Cx -2×+4 )
'

X3ty3=xHy3
xytyz)
-

x3ty3= City ) ( x -

Sum of cubes

Difference of cubes x3-y3= ( x

-

y )Lx4xytyD

3.7 Factor by Grouping

Factor
ax ay → acxty )

a -- Czxty )

( zxtg) Xtlzxty ) Y → lzxty ) City)

(Zxey) City ) @ xty )

= xtczxty) y

Lesson 3 Page 4 of 8 Unit 3

 Factor by Grouping

When there are 4 terms in a polynomial then these are good candidates for factor by grouping.

Factor ax ay bx by

( axtag ) Ctbxtby )
acxty ) tbcxty )

City) ( atb )

Example 3

Completely factor: x3 x2 2x 2

1×4×2 ) ( +2×+2 )
-11 ) -12 Htt)
'
X (x
( x -1171×72 )

3.8 Factor by Grouping

Completely factor:

x5 5 x3 7 x2 35

(-7×735)×3445
1×45×3 )
) 71×75) -

's
)
(x'e5) ( x
-7

Example 4
Completely factor the following polynomials:

a) x3 3x 2 4x 12

1×3-3×2 )
3)
(x 3) 4 Cx
- -
-

x
-

'

(x -

3) ( x -
e)

2)( x -12)
( X 3) ( x
-

Lesson 3 Page 5 of 8 Unit 3

 b) x5 3x3 8x2 24
)
( x't 3×3 ) C- 8×2
- 2e
-
f- 3 )
x 31×4-3) -
f (x

Cx s)
's
( x 43)
-

't xyegz )
CHICHI Cx -

y ) Cx
't xcz)
2)
= Cx -

2) ( x

taek )
-

=
Cx -
2) ( x

( 2) ( x42×+4
1×9-3) x -

3.9 Factoring Polynomials

x3 3 x 2 6 x 8
1×3-3×4 ( fxef) -

x
-
( x 3) -
-2 (3×-4)
No common
binomial factors .

Cannot factor by grouping .

£4 , Et
x3 3 x 2 6x 8 If ⇐4
,

l l S 6 8

¥
- -

( -2
-
8 0

(x - I ) ( in -2×-8 )

( x 1) (x -12 ) (xx)
-

3.10 Factoring Polynomials

two numbers multiply equal
3 ¢
x 7x 6 numbers
T No Such .

Same two numbers add to equal

'

(x ) Cx )

6×305-7×-6
-
b ; If IL I 3 I
, , ,

-6 l l 0-7-6
9-? ↳
( I
(me
-

I -6 -12 I I
( f O
-
-

'

( xx ) (x -
x-6 )
( xtl ) ( Xt 2) Cx 3) -

Lesson 3 Page 6 of 8 Unit 3

3.11 Factoring Polynomials
Factor completely

x 4 x3 x2 3x 6
IT E3 ,E6 l t

let
-

l -
23 -

L7F
-

I -36 -12

I -23 -60
Z

Htt ) 11×22×43×-61 I 0 30
£1,12 , -4,1=6
( x 2) (1×40×+3)
-

3 6
I -2

↳
I
-

cxtllcx -21673)

I 2 -4
\
-

3.12 Factoring Polynomials

Example 5
Completely factor the following:

a) 8x3 18x2 7x 3
3
I If 7

I
It
,
E3 f -

It -12, If 3 0
lo
-

,
g
-

It
,
Etz ,
ftp.t 'T ( x c) ( sci
-
-
tox -3 )

} Cxtczx-324×+1 )
13,532,1¥ ,
't

Lesson 3 Page 7 of 8 Unit 3

 b) x3 3x 2
It , I
2×3
+0×2-3×-2
O -
3 -
2

I
(
' ,

l 2 -4
(
-

l 3-2

I
-

l o -

Z O
( T -

1) ( x 2x z )
(x
-

c-

( Xel) Atl) Cx )
-2

c) x 4 3 x3 2 x2 12 x -
8
Il 1=2 , tu Ff
, ,

Xt 3×3-2×412
X -
f
-

-7.3 : I
'
"
I
i
.

,¥o
)
( x C) ( ex 2×2-4×+8
3-
-

)
( x 1) ( x -2×2-4×+8
-
's

' 2×2) texts

)
(x -

-
Cx-2)
-
KCx-2)
X

z)
( x 2-4) (
X -

X C-2) Cx 2)
( x C) ( x 4 (
-
-

Lesson 3 Page 8 of 8 Unit 3