Algebra Basics H

SERIES

Algebra Basics
Solutions

Curriculum Ready
ACMNA: 133, 175, 176, 177, 179

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 How does it work? Solutions Algebra Basics

Page 3 questions

Words and symbols

1 a The variable is b b The variable is m

c The variable is k d The variable is a

2
5 # w = 30 x 'x = 1
32 2 # d = 16
3+ x = 12 # g =

200 ' s = 25 3#x+ 6 =

3 11 x if x = 4 20

4 # m if m = 5 10

27 ' a if a = 3 9

1 + 3 # z if z = 3 7

4 a c= 8 b h = 12 c k = 18 d y=6

Page 5 questions

Multiplication

1 a 2 # 7 # k = 14 # k b u #1 = u
= 14k

c 5 # r # p = 5pr d n # m # m = m2 n

e 6 #b #3#b = 6 #3#b #b f 4# j #l #3#k = 4#3# j #l #k

= 18 # b2 = 12 # j # k # l
= 18b2 = 12jkl

Algebra Basics Solutions H 1 1

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 How does it work? Solutions Algebra Basics

Page 5 questions
2 a 4pq = 4 # p # q b 4a2 = 4 # a # a c 3m 2 n = 3 # m # m # n

3 Combo Time!

a 3x + 2 = 3 # 4 + 2 b 15 - 2b = 15 - 2 # 6
= 12 + 2 = 15 - 12
= 14 =3

c 3 # 5g = 3 # 5 # 2 d 4m2 = 4 # 32
= 30 = 4#9
= 36

Page 7 questions

Division

1 a 2 'd = 2 b a 'c = a
d c

5 ' ^ r + 3h = d ^ y + zh ' z
c 5 y+ z
=
r+ 3 z

2 a w = w '4 b c = c ' ^3 + ah
4 3+ a

c 6 = 6 ' ^3x + 2h d
x- y
= ^ x - yh ' ^v + wh
3x + 2 v+ w

3 a 2a = a b 6b = b
6 3 12c 2c
= '3
a = ' 2c
b

15x = 3x 4^ m + nh
c
20y 4y
d = m+ n
12p 3p
= 3x ' 4y = ^ m + n h ' 3p

2 H 1 Algebra Basics Solutions

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 How does it work? Solutions Algebra Basics

Page 8 questions

Mixed simplifying concepts

1 a 5 # a ' 4 = 5a ' 4 b 1 # m ' ^4 + nh = m ' ^4 + nh

= 5a = m
4 4+ n

c n # m ' (b # a # c) = mn ' abc d (8 # 2p) ' (3 # 3q) = 16p ' 9q

= mn =
16p
abc 9q

e x # x ' (y + 2x) = x2 ' (y + 2x) f d # f # d ' (11 + f # e) = d2 f ' (11 + ef)

2
= x d2 f
y + 2x =
11 + ef

2 a 2d = 2d ' 3 b
a + 4 = (a + 4) ' b
3 b
= 2 #d '3

c
q- r
= (q - r) ' 9q d l2 = l2 ' (j - k)
9q j- k
= (q - r) ' (9 # q) = l # l ' (j - k)

e 5b2 = 5b2 ' (a2 + 2b) f

7xyz
= 7xyz ' (x + 7y)
2
a + 2b x + 7y
= 5 # b # b ' (a # a + 2 # b) = 7 # x # y # z ' (x + 7 # y)

Page 10 questions

Phrases as algebraic expressions

a n+ 7 b 9- n

c 6 # n + 1 = 6n + 1 d 4 # n = 4n

Algebra Basics Solutions H 1 3

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 How does it work? Solutions Algebra Basics

Page 10 questions

1 e (n + 2) ' 3 = n + 2 f n2 - 6
3

g (n - 5) # 2 = 2 (n - 5) h 2 # n - 8 = 2n - 8

i 10 + n ' 2 = 10 + n j n # (n + 5) = n (n + 5)
2

Page 11 questions

2 a Correct Incorrect

b Correct Incorrect expression should be: n - 4

c Correct Incorrect

d Correct Incorrect expression should be: (4 + n) ' 9 or 4 + n

9

e Correct Incorrect expression should be: (n ' 5) + n or n + n

5

f Correct Incorrect

g Correct Incorrect expression should be: n + (3 - n )

2

h Correct Incorrect

i Correct Incorrect expression should be: 3 # n2 = 3n2

j Correct Incorrect

4 H 1 Algebra Basics Solutions

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 How does it work? Solutions Algebra Basics

Page 13 questions

Addition and subtraction

1 a a + 9a = 1a + 9a b 3u + 5u = 8u
= 10a

c 14r - 9r = 5r d 4g - 7g = - 3g

e 6m - 8m = - 2m f - 11x + 2x = - 9x

g 7y + 2y + 4y = 13y h 30p - 15p - 10p = 5p

2 a 13m + 9n + 12m = 13m + 12m + 9n b 14a + b + 10b = 14a + 11b

Like terms = 25m + 9n Like
terms

c 16x + 9y + 15y = 16x + 24y d 9d - 5c - 3d = 9d - 3d - 5c

Like Like terms = 6d - 5c
terms

e 7e + 11e + 2a = 18e + 2a f 13g - 15g - 4h = - 2g - 4h

Like Like
terms terms

Algebra Basics Solutions H 1 5

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 How does it work? Solutions Algebra Basics

Page 15 questions

Grouping like terms

Like terms

1 a 9a + 3b +a + 4b = 9a + a + 3b + 4b
Like terms = 10a + 7b

Like terms

b 4p2 + 3p + 19p + 7p2 = 4p2 + 7p2 + 3p + 19p

Like = 11p2 + 22p
terms

Like terms

c n - 11m -n - 12m = n - n - 11m - 12m

Like terms = - 23m

Like terms

d 3y - 5x +y - 8x = 3y + y - 5x - 8x
Like terms = 4y - 13x

Like terms

e 9p - 4q + 3p + 12q = 9p + 3p - 4q + 12q
Like terms = 12p + 8q

e 14a2 + 4b - 3a + 2a2 = 14a2 + 2a2 + 4b - 3a

Like terms = 16a2 + 4b - 3a

Combo time!

2 a 11y ' ( 2y + 2x - y ) = 11y ' (y + 2x)

Like terms 11y
=
y + 2x

b ( 7p2 - 5p - 8p2 ) ' 12 = (- p2 - 5p) ' 12

Like terms - p2 - 5p
=
12

6 H 1 Algebra Basics Solutions

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How does it work? Solutions Algebra Basics

Page 15 questions
Like terms

3 a ( 2x - 3y + 2x ) ' ( 4x + 3x - 2y) = (4x - 3y) ' (7x - 2y)

Like 4x - 3y
=
terms 7x - 2y

b (2 # 4a + 3 # 2b) ' (3 # a # a + 2a2) = (8a + 6b) ' ( 3a2 + 2a2 )

Like
2 terms
= (8a + 6b) ' 5a

= 8a + 26b
5a

Page 16 questions

Escape from Algebra Island Puzzle

2x

3 x 2 7
3x
2
4x
x 3x 2
0 6x
3x
0 2x 53
2
x 5x 5
0
8x 1 2 22
x
5x x7
2 2
4x 3x 7
6x
52
23x 52 8x
3 2
8x
5 8820 52 2
7 2x 2x
x Algebra
12x
3 3x
7 2 Island 2x 5
2x
2 72
2x 22
2x 33x2
4x
52 2x 5x2 53
7 72
4x
8 4x
3 7x2
8x
3
3
3x
23
3
2x 3x3 27
52
26 7x
7
2x 8x 23
2x 53

Algebra Basics Solutions H 1 7

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 How does it work? Solutions Algebra Basics

Page 19 questions

Bringing all the previous concepts together

1 a 4v + 2 = 4 # 4 + 2 b 24 ' 2v = 24 ' (2 # 4)
= 18 = 24 ' 8
=3

c 10 - v = 10 - 4 d 2v + 6 = (2v + 6) ' 7
4 4 7
= 10 - 1 = (2 # 4 + 6) ' 7
=9 = 14 ' 7
= 2

2 a a + 2b = - 2 + 2 # 5 b 3b - 6a = 3 # 5 - 6 # (- 2)
= - 2 + 10 = 15 - (- 12)
=8 = 27

c 24 = 24 ' (a + b) d a2 b = a2 b ' 4
a+ b 4
= 24 ' (- 2 + 5) = ((- 2) 2 # 5) ' 4
= 24 ' 3 = (4 # 5) ' 4
= 8 = 20 ' 4
= 5

Like terms Like terms

3 a c +d + 2c + 3d = 3c + 4d b 2c +d + 3c - d = 5c
Like terms = 3#6+ 4#9 Like terms = 5#6
= 18 + 36 = 30
= 54

c 2d - c = (2d - c) ' (d - c) d (c - d) # (2c - d) = (c - d) # (2c - d)

d- c
= (2 # 9 - 6) ' (9 - 6) = (6 - 9) # (2 # 6 - 9)
= 12 ' 3 = (- 3) # 3
= 4 =- 9

8 H 1 Algebra Basics Solutions

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How does it work? Solutions Algebra Basics

Page 20 questions
4 a 2x + y + z = 2 # 6 + 3 + (- 8) b 3z - xy = 3 # (- 8) + 6 # 3
= 12 + 3 - 8 = - 24 + 18
=7 =- 6

c d 4y
x2 - yz = 62 - (3 # (- 8)) = 4y ' (x + z)
x+ z
= 36 - (- 24) = 4 # 3 ' (6 + (- 8))
= 60 = 12 # (- 2)
=- 6

5 a (a + 2b) 2 when a = 2, b = - 4
= a (a + 2b) 2 ' (b - a) 2
(b - a) 2

= 2 # (2 + 2 # (- 4)) 2 ' (- 4 - 2) 2
= 2 # (- 6) 2 ' (- 6) 2
= 2 # 36 ' 36
= 2

2
6 e 2o =
(x - y) 2 ^(x - y) 2 ' (y - x) 2h2 when x = - 1, y = - 5
(y - x)

= ^(- 1 - (- 5)h2 ' ^- 5 - (- 1)) 2h

2

= ^(- 1 + 5)2 ' (- 5 + 1) 2h

2

= ^42 ' (- 4) 2h
2

= (16 ' 16) 2

= (1) 2
=1

Algebra Basics Solutions H 1 9

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 Where does it work? Solutions Algebra Basics

Page 22 questions

Tables of Values

1 a u = v+ 2 b c = 2d

v 0 1 2 3 4 d 0 1 2 3 4
u 2 3 4 5 6 c 0 2 4 6 8

c g = 4h - 3 d y= x +1
2
h 1 2 3 4 5 x 2 4 6 8 10
g 1 5 9 13 17 y 2 3 4 5 6

2 a 0 2 4 6 8
b = 2a + 3
b 2 3 4 5 6

a 1 2 3 4 5
b = a+ 4
b 1 6 11 16 21 2

a 0 1 2 3 4
b = 3a
b 0 3 6 9 12

a 0 1 2 3 4
b = 5a - 4
b 3 5 7 9 11

3 a Rule: y = x + 5 b Rule: n = 4 # m or n = 4m

x 0 1 2 3 4 m 0 1 2 3 4
y 5 6 7 8 9 n 0 4 8 12 16

c Rule: q = p - 3 d Rule: d = 4c - 5

p 0 1 2 3 4 c 0 1 2 5 6
q -3 -2 -1 0 1 d -5 -1 3 15 19

10 H 1 Algebra Basics Solutions

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Where does it work? Solutions Algebra Basics

Page 24 questions

Number patterns

1 a

, , , ,...

(i) Starting with one smiley face in the first diagram, 2 smiley faces are added
to each diagram every time

(ii) Number pattern for first five smiley diagrams: 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , ...

b
, , ,...

(i) Starting with three arrows in the first diagram, 4 arrows are added to each diagram
every time

(ii) Number pattern for first five arrow diagrams: 3 , 7 , 11 , 15 , 19 , ...

c
, , ,...

(i) Starting with 6 triangles to form the first diagram, 6 triangles are added to each diagram
every time.

(ii) Number pattern for first five arrow diagrams: 6 , 12 , 18 , 24 , 30 , ...

Algebra Basics Solutions H 1 11

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 Where does it work? Solutions Algebra Basics

Page 25 questions

Number patterns

2 a

, , ,...

1st 2nd 3rd

(i) Diagram number 1 2 3 4

Number of hearts 2 5 8 11

(ii) Number of hearts needed for the 7th diagram = 20

b
, , ,...

1st 2nd 3rd

(i) Diagram number 1 2 3 4

Number of hexagons 3 8 13 18

(ii) Number of hexagons needed for the 7th diagram = 33

c
, , ,...

1st 2nd 3rd

(i) Diagram number 1 2 3 4

Number of matchsticks 3 7 11 15

(ii) Number of matchsticks needed for the 7th diagram = 27

12 H 1 Algebra Basics Solutions

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Where does it work? Solutions Algebra Basics

Page 27 questions

Modelling Number Patterns

1 a

, , ,...

General rule:
Number of squares (s) 1 2 3

Number of matchsticks (m) 4 7 10 m= 3 #s+ 1

b
, , ,...

General rule:
Number of triangles (t) 3 4 5

Number of matchsticks (m) 7 9 11 m= 2 t+ 1

, , ,...

General rule:
Number of grey rings (r) 1 2 3

Number of circle drawn (c) 2 3 4 c= 1 r+ 1

d
, , ,...

General rule:
Number of pentagonal shapes (p) 1 2 3

Number of triangles (t) 7 14 21 t= 7 p

Algebra Basics Solutions H 1 13

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Page 29 questions

More number pattern modelling

1 a
, , ,...

1st 2nd 3rd

General rule:
Diagram number (n) 1 2 3

Number of matchsticks (m) 4 7 10 m= 3 #n+ 1

b
, , ,...

1st 2nd 3rd

General rule:
Diagram number (n) 1 2 3

Number of matchsticks (m) 5 9 13 m= 4 n + 1

c
, , ,...

1st 2nd 3rd

General rule:
Diagram number (n) 1 2 3

Number of matchsticks (m) 9 13 17 m= 4 n + 5

, , ,...

1st 2nd 3rd

General rule:
Diagram number (n) 1 2 3

Number of matchsticks (m) 4 13 22 m= 9 n - 5

14 H 1 Algebra Basics Solutions

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Page 30 questions

More number pattern modelling

2 a

, , ,...
1st 2nd 3rd
General rule:
Diagram number (n) 1 2 3

Number of snow flakes (s) 2 4 6 s= 2 #n

b
, , ,...

1st 2nd 3rd

General rule:
Diagram number (n) 1 2 3

Number of tyres (t) 4 9 14 t= 5 n - 1

, , ,...
1st 2nd 3rd
General rule:
Diagram number (n) 1 2 3

Number of dots (d) 5 9 13 d= 4 # n + 1

d
, , ,...
1st 2nd 3rd

General rule:
Diagram number (n) 1 2 3

Number of triangles (t) 3 5 7 t = 2 # n + 1

Algebra Basics Solutions H 1 15

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 What else can you do? Solutions Algebra Basics

Page 32 questions

Using the general rule

1 a s = 2g
Niamh scored: s = 2 # 8
= 16 points

b c = 5m - 3

The number of chickens that had crossed the road: c = 5 # 7 - 3

= 32 chickens

c s = 2c + 1
The number of shirts tried on: s = 2 # 12 + 1
= 25 shirts

d v= d
3
The number of vegetarian meals ordered: v = 36
3
= 12 vegetarian meals

Page 33 questions
2

, , , ...
1st stack 2nd stack 3rd stack

n 1 2 3 General rule: Tyres in the 12th stack:

t = 5n - 2 t = 5 # 12 - 2
t 3 8 13 = 58

, , , ...
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3

n 1 2 3 General rule: Leaves on the 10th day:

l = 4n - 1 l = 4 # 10 - 1
l 3 7 11
= 39

16 H 1 Algebra Basics Solutions

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Page 33 questions
4

, , , ...
Session 1 Session 2 Session 3

n 1 2 3 General rule: Good shots in the 8th session:

s = 7n - 4 s = 7#8- 4
s 3 10 17
= 52

Page 34 questions

, , , ...

1st diagram 2nd diagram 3rd diagram

n 1 2 3 General rule: Tiles laid in the 12th diagram:

t = 6n - 2 t = 6 # 12 - 2
t 4 10 16
= 70

Remember me?

, , , ...

7 triangles 12 triangles 17 triangles

n 1 2 3 General rule: Triangles in the 15th shape:

t = 5n + 2 t = 5 # 15 + 2
t 7 12 17
= 77

Algebra Basics Solutions H 1 17

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 Algebra Basics Notes

18 H 1 Algebra Basics Solutions

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 Algebra Basics H
SERIES

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