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8-Way Symmetry & Bresenham’s Circle Algorithm

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ALL CHAPTER MCQS FOR CLASS
11 PHYSICS
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Selected Questions by Experts especially
8-Way Symmetry & Bresenham’s Circle Algorithm for CBSE Class 11 Students
 sr_2018  March 11, 2018
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Circle

The most important thing in drawing a circle is learning how the circle is drawn using 8-way symmetry. It is based MCQS - CHAPTERS OF BUSINESS
on Mirror re ection. If we see Right hand in the mirror we will see Left hand, Similarly if we see pixel (x,y) in mirror STUDIES
we will see (y,x). 
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So point P1(x,y) will become P2(y,x) after re ection. Point P3 (-y,x) will become P4 (-x,y) and so on. Questions

Lets understand more how these negative signs are taken. Remember following two things. MCQS - BUSINESS STUDIES

One–  If we mirror re ect (x,y) with respect to x axis then y will change so it will become (x,-y). Similarly if we
re ect point (x,y) with respect to y axis x will change , so the point will become (-x,y).

Two – Read Point (x,y) as :  x is on x position and y is on y position, so when we re ect with respect to x axis then y
position becomes negative and with respect to y axis x position becomes negative. Take this logic and re ection of
point P2 (y,x) with respect to y axis will make the x position negative and not where x is written, so it will become
P3 (-y,x). 
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SOLVED QUESTIONS &
Re ection of point P8 (x,-y) with respect to x axis will make y position negative and not where y is written, so it will ANSWERS.
become P1(x,y).  
These are short 2 Marks Questions.
8-Way Symmetry Diagram
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2/27/2021 8-Way Symmetry & Bresenham's Circle Algorithm » Studyresearch

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The above diagram explains the 8-way symmetry.

Another explanation of the same concept.

This explains the same concept using quadrant. We all know there are four quadrants and COHEN SUTHERLAND SOLVED
NUMERICAL
First quadrant x and y both are positive.
Solved Numerical Problems
Second quadrant y is positive and x is negative (which is nothing but re ection with respect to y axis).
Third quadrant y is negative and x is positive (which is re ection with respect to  x axis).  
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Forth quadrant both x and y are negative.

Take the following points and apply the above logic. 

Take a point P1 (x,y) in rst quadrant.

Mirror re ect point P1 (x,y) with respect to y axis we will get another point called P4 (-x, y).
CARE TO SHARE!
Mirror re ect point P1 (x,y) with respect to x axis we will get another point called P8 (x,-y).
Mirror re ect point P4 (-x, y) with respect to x axis we will get another point called P5 (-x,-y)
Take a point P2 (y, x) in rst quadrant.
Mirror re ect point P2 (y, x) with respect to y axis we will get another point called P3 (-y, x)
Mirror re ect point P2 (y, x) with respect to x axis we will get another point called P7 (y,-x)
Mirror re ect point P3 (-y, x) with respect to x axis we will get another point called P6 (-y,-x)

Notice that 8 Way Symmetry generates 8 points by taking only one point (x, y) and this forms the circle.

Bresenham’s Circle Algorithm: 

Numerical or example of the Bresenham’s circle algorithm for radius 10 is given in another post.

Example of BCA

S-1; Enter the center (h, k) and radius(r)  of the circle. 

S-2: Find d=3-2r and take x = 0 , y = r ; Where r is nothing but the radius of the circle.

S-3: If (d>=0) then x = x +1 and y = y -1 ; d = d + 4*(x-y) + 10; We call d as decision variable.

S-4: if (d <0) then x =x +1 and d = d +4*x + 6;

S-5: Just use the 8 way symmetry and plot following 8 points with one point.

Putpixel (x+h, y+k)

Putpixel (-x+h, y+k)

Putpixel (x+h, -y+k)

Putpixel (-x+h, -y+k)

Putpixel (y+h,x+k)

Putpixel (-y+h,x+k)

Putpixel (y+h,-x+k)

Putpixel (-y+h,-x+k)

S-6: Go to step 3 and repeat till x = r /sqrt(2);

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