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Sig n~ture
MAY/JUNE2004

CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL

SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE
EXAMINATION
BIOLOGY

Paper 01 - General Proficiency

75 minutes

( 03 JUNE 2004 (a.m.) )

READ THE FOLLOWING DIRECTIONS CAREFULLY

1. In addition to this test booklet, you should have an answer sheet.

2. Each item in this test has four suggested answers lettered (A), (B), (C), (D). Read each item you are
about to answer and decide which choice is best.

3. On your answer sheet, find the number which corresponds to your item and shade the space having 1
the same letter as the answer you have chosen. Look at the sample item below. j
lI
Sample Item
Il
Which of the following diseases is due to
-
'l
a dietary deficiencyry Sample Answer >
:l
(AJ Anaemia •@@@ ;.<
"',,,

I
l
(B) Diabetes f:;
(C) Influenza -,,,
;;
.i
j

(0) Malaria "

4.
The best answer to this item is "Anaemia", so answer space (A) has been blackened.

If you wantto change your answer, be sure to erase your old answer completely and fill in yournew
-
choice.

5. When you are told to begin. tum the page and work as quickly and as carefully as you can. If you cannot
answer an item, omit itand goon to the next one. You can come back to the harderitem later. Your
score will be the total number of correct answers.

6. Figures are not necessarily drawn to scale.

7. This test consists of60 items. You will have 75 minutes to answerthem.

8. Do not be concerned thatthe answer sheet provides spaces for more answe;s than there are items in
this test.

DO "IOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.

Copyright© 2003 Caribbean Examinations Council.

" All rights reserved.
012070 I OIP'·;!004
t ,u:FIX SEAL HUE t
:I
 Item 1 refers to relationships between some organisms.

r. Barnacle5on a shark's back

IT. Shark/man
III. Maii!malaria protozoan

L Which of the following groups. I to 111, correctly identifies ~~ese relation-

ships'?

I II Ill

(A) Commensalism Predator/prey Mutualism

(BJ Commensalism Predator/prey Parasitism
(C) Predator/prey Commensalism Mutualism
(D) Predator/prey Murualism Parasitism

2. Which of the following statements about a 4. Which of the following factors is NOT indi-
food chain is TRUE? cated by the direction of the arrows in a food
chain?
(A) Energy from the sun is transferred
from one organism to subsequent (A) The direction of the flow of energy.
organisms. (B) The amount of food each animal eats.
(B) Each of its members depends on heat · (C) The fact that plants start every food
energy obtained directly from the chain.
sun. (D) The animals that are predators.
(C) Energy changes from one type to
another, that is, from heat to light
to chemical. s. A dog, killed on the roadway by a vehicle, is
(D) The sun traps light energy at the start ieft to decay. Which of the following organ-
of the food chain. isms would be directly responsible for return-
ing the carbon and nitrogen compounds oftbe
dog's body to the environment?
3. Which of the following statements is NOT
true about decomposers? (A) Saprophytic fungi
(B) Flesh-eating beetles
(A) They release nutrients for recycling. (C) Maggots (fly larvae)
(B) They prevent the accumulation of (DJ Vultures (corbeaux/John Crow)
dead organic matter.
(C) They are more abundant in damp
places. 6. 'Spaces' between the cells in the human body
(0) They are favoured by low tempera- are filled with
tures.
(AJ tissue fluid
(B) blood
(C) semm
(0) plasma fluid

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7. The fol lowing diagram illustrates the result of an
investigation.

1--- Capillary tube

H+---- Level or liquid arter 1 hr.

Original level or liquid

Dialysis tube containing

sucrose solution (1)
Beaker containing water (2)

The level of the solution in the capillary tube rose

because there was a greater net movement of.

(A) solute molecules from I to 2

(B) solute molecules from 2 to I
(C) water molecules from I to 2
(D) water molecules from 2 to I

Items 8-9 refer to the following table which shows how four tubes were set
up to investigate the conditions for digestion of a fat.

Test-tube I Tei.i:-tube II Test-tube III Test-tube IV

<
3
I cm Fat I cm3 Fat 3
I cm Fat
3
I cm Fat

3
I0cm Enzyme IO cm3 Enzyme IO cm3 Enzyme 3
IO cm Enzyme

5 cm3 Bile salts 5 cm 3 Dilute sodium 5 cm 3 Dilute hydrochloric 5 cm3 Distilled

hydroxide acid water

8. Which.of the following variables is being in- 9. Which of the following types of chemical re-
vestigated? action is likely to have taken place"

(A) pH (A) Hydrolysis

(B) Temperature (B) Oxidation
(C) Enzyme concentration (C) Glycolysis
(D) Fat particle size (0) Reduction

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10. The variation in cellular slrucrure found in any Item 14 refers to the follow.ing diagram.
complex organism is due to a process called

(A) growth
(B) elaboration
(C) metabolism
(D) specialisation

11. One of the problems with nutrition for a veg-

etarian is that

(A) fats and oils are not produced by

plants
(B) large quantities of food are needed
to supply essential amino acids
(C) vitamins produced by plants are of
inferior quality 14. In a patient with a certain defective heart
(D) large.quantities of food are needed condition, it was found that blood flowed from
to supply essential mineral nutri- Point I to Point II. This was MOST likely
ents due to the malfunction of the

(A) left atrium

12. The rate at which respiration is occurring in (B) left ventricle
a mammal can be indicated by the rate of (C) semi-lunar valve
(D) bicuspid valve
(A) sweat production
(B) urine excretion
(C) carbon dioxide elimination 15. Large organisms cannot depend solely ori. dif-
(D) oxygen elimination fusion for the uptake and transport of gases.
This is because as organisms get larger the
'
Item 13 refers to the following characteris- (A) surface area to volume ratio in-
tics. creases
(B) surface area to volume ratio de-
I. Thin walled surfaces creases
II. Excellent blood supply (C) surface area and the volume both
III. Always moist increase
IV. Large surface area (D) surface area and the volume both
decrease
13. Characteristics I to IV describe slrucrures that
are MOST likely to be associated with the
16. Which of the following nutrients supplies most
(A) diffusion of gases energy per gram?
(B) production of energy
(Cl movement of water (A) Glucose
(D) transport of digested food (B) Starch
(C) Protein
(D) fill

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17. Which of the following substances can be 20. The reactants in aerobic respiration are
found in high proportion in the nucleus?
(A) water and carbon diox.ide
(A) ATP (B} water and oxygen
(B) ADP (Cl glucose and oxygen
(Cl AZr (D) glucose and carbon dioxide
(D) DNA
21. The alveoli of the lungs of a mammal

Item 18 refers to the following table which (A) keep the lungs filled to capacity with
shows approximate concentrations of some air at all times
substances in the blood plasma and urine of a (B) serve to increase the absorptwe sur-
healthy man. · face of the lungs
(C) are filled with oxygen to keep the
Substance % in plasma % in urine lungs in an expanded state
(D) pervent the lungs from collapsing
Water 90-93 95.0
Protein 7.0 0 22. Blood entering the glomerulus of the kidney
Glucose 0.1 0 differs from blood leaving it, since the blood
Sodium 0.3 0.35 entering has
Chloride 0.4 0.6
Urea 0.03 2.0 (A) more oxygen, more urea and more
Uric Acid 0.004 0.05 glucose
(B) more oxygen, less urea 8J!d more glu-
18. From the table above, detennine which of the cose
following statements is NOT true? (C) less oxygen, more urea and less glu-
cose
(A) All the organic food is retained in the (D) less oxygen, less urea and less glu-
blood cose
(B) Uric acid is inore concentrated in
blood than in urine. 23. Bones act as storage depots for minerals in
(C) Water and salts are more concen- the body. The MOST important of the min,
trated in urine than in blood. erals they store are
(D) Urea is more concentrated in urine
than in blood. (A) calcium and phosphorus
(B) calcium and potassium
(C) phosphorus and sodium
19. The normal function of the mammalian kid- (D) sodium and potassium
ney is
24. Which of the following groups of functions is
(A) deamination performed by a rib?
(B) storage of mineral salts
(C) conversion of glucose to glycogen I. Blood formation
(D) removal of excess mineral salts II. Protection
III. Locomotion
IV. Support

(A) I and II only

(B) land IV only
(C) lI and Ill only
(0) I. II and IV only

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25. The MAIN function of cartilage at the end 30. Which of the following conditions are neces-
of long bones is to sary for germination to take place?

(A) lubricate joints I. Air

(BJ increase tlexibility II. Food supply
(C) reduce friction III. Light
(D) protect nerves IV Moisture

26. Which of the following statements would (A) I and II only

NOT represent a form of excretion in plants? (B) III and IV only
(C) I. II and IV only
(A) Gases diffusing through stomata (D) II, III and IV only
(B) Taonins being stored in dead tissue
(C) Water vapour diffusing through the 31. Which of the following conditions MOST di-
epidermis rectly controls increase in size in the flower-
(DJ Stored calcium oxalate crystals in ing plant?
leaves during leaf fall
(A) Light intensity
27. The primary function of the neural spine of (B) Aux.in concentration
the lumbar vertebra is for (C) Carbon dioxide concentration
(D) Oxygen concentration
(A) attachment of muscles
(B) support of adjacent vertebrae 32. Which of the following features is NOT a
(C) protection of the spinal cord function of human skin?
(D) movement of bones
(A) Excretion
(B) Sensory perception
28. The eye is sometimes referred to as an ef- (C) Temperature regulation
fector organ because
·(D) Vitamin B·formation
(A) the rods and cones are stimulated by
light 33. Internal reflection of light within the ey~ is
(B) the pupil constricts in the presence prevented by the
of bright light
(C) images which fall on the retina are (A) lens
sent to the brain (B) retina
(D) neurones from the eye lead to the (C) choroid layer
central nervous system (D) sclerotic layer

29. Insulin (a protein) is never taken orally be- 34. If an object is thrown towards you. your eyes
cause it blink. The receptors and effectors for this
reflex action are the
(A) is broken down by pepsin
(BJ inhibits the action of salivary amy- (AJ retina and the eyelid muscles
lase (B) retina and the ciliary muscles
(Cl is inactivated by bile salts (C) pupil and the eyelid muscles
(Dl takes too long to be absorbed into the (D) pupil and the ciliary muscles
blood

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35. Which of the following conditions is likely to 39. Which of the following features are exam-
' promote a lowering of body temperature? pies of homeostasis in mammals?

(A) Increase in the metabolic rate I. Control of the blood sugar level by
(B) Raising of the hairs on the skin insulin
(C) Dilation of blood vessels just urider II. Liiniting temperature changes to slight
the skin fluctuations
(D) Decrease in the evaporation of III. Differences in the level of female
sweat hormones during the menstrual
cycle
IV Changes in the rate of breathing to
36. A seedling illuminated from one side, bends suit the body's activities
towards the light source because the concen-
tration ofauxins becomes (A) IandIV only
(B) II and III only
(A) greater on the side away from the (C) I, II and IV only
light (D) I, III and IV on! y
(B) greater on the side towards the light
(C) the same on both sides
(D) greatest at the tip of the shoot 40. Pollination is the process by which pollen is
transferred from the

37. When an athlete runs a long-distance race, (A) anther to the stigma
which of the following changes would you (B) stigma to the anther
expect to take place in his/her body? (C) stamen to the ovary
(D) pistil to the anther
(A) An increase in the breakdown of
maltose in the intestines
(B) A drop in the level of glycogen in the 41. Some plants, such as Bryophyllum (Leaf of
liver Life, Wonder-of-the-world), can be propa-
(C) Constriction of the veins in the legs gated from buds at the leaf margin. The buds
(D) Dilation of the blood vessels to the gut develop into complete plantlets while still at-
tached to the leaf margin. These plants also
flower and produce seeds. The development
38. Which of the following sequence of struc- of the plantlets and the seed
tures shows the route taken by a sperm cell
when it leaves the testis? (A) both take place by mitosis
(B) both take place by meiosis
(A) Epididymis--> sperm duct-> urethra (C) take place by mitosis for the seed and
(B) Spermduct->urethra-> epididymis meiosis for the plantlets
(C) Epididymis--> urethra--> sperm duct (D) take place by meiosis for the seed
(D) Urethra--> sperm duct--> epididymis and mitosis for the plantlets

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42. Which of the following processes will pro- 46. _In a particular breed of dog, long hair (L) is
duce clones 0 dominant to short hair (Z). A certain cross
produced some long-haired and some short-
I. _The growth of a fungus on a piece haired pups. Which of the following crosses
of bread would MOST likely have been the genotypes
II. The development of plantlets at the of the parents?
leaf margins ofBryophyllum
III. Propagation of sugar cane from (A) LLxLL
cuttings (B) LLxZZ
IV. Germination of seeds from the same (Cl LZxZZ
pod (D) LL xLZ

(A) I and II only

47. Which of the following processes may be
(B) II and III only
used by man to change the characteristics of
(C) III and IV only
a particular organism in a short time?
(D) land IV only
L Genetic engineering
IL Artificial selection
43. In which of the following organs does meio-
III. Natural selection
sis occur?
(A) I only
(A) A developing embryo
(B) I and III only
(B) The skin of a mammal
(C) II and III only
(C) The testis of a mammal
(D) I, II and III.
(D) The tip of the shoot of a plant

48. The same species of hibiscus plants were

44. In which of the following parts of the plant grown on two garden plots near to each other.
would you expect the process of mitosis to One plot, which was well watered and
occur? manured, produced large plants. The other
plotcontainedsandy soil and produced small
In the region plants with leaves that were reduced in size.
The hibiscus plants '
(A) of the phloem
(B) of the xylem (A) were clones from the same species
(C) behind the root hair of hibiscus
(D) behind the root tip (B) showed genetic variation
(C) showed artificial selection
(D) were responding to environmental
45. Which of the following combinations of sex differences
chromosomes is found in the nuclei of
non-reproductivecellsofhumans?
49. Pathogens are BEST described as organisms
that
Male Female
Chromosomes Chromosomes
(A) cause diseases
(A) XY yy (B) transmit diseases
(B) xx XY (C) are carried in contaminated food or
(Cl yy XY water
(D) XY xx (0) can be seen with a microscope

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50. Which of the following treatments does NOT 54. Which of the following factors isNOTasso-
provide a form of immunisation ° · ciated with rapid Increase in human
populations 0
(A) Inoculation with a mild form of the
disease· (A) Fasterutilization of natural resources
(B) Inoculation with antibodies (B) Greater demands on food resources
(C) Isolation of the infected person (C) Less pollution from household and
(D) Breast-feeding of the infant industries
(D} Less space available for housing

51. Which of the following statements is TRUE

of antigens? 55. Which of the following features is an advan-
tage ofusing inorganic fertilizers rather than
(A) They are produced by white blood organic manure?
cells.
(B) They cause the production of anti- (A) They help to hold water in the soil.
bodies. (B) They improve the crumb structure of
(C) They get rid of antibodies. soil.
(D) They are used to treat diseases. (C) They make nutrients available more
quickly.
(D) They do not affect the soil pH.
52. Which of the following consequences are a
direct result of disease in man?
56. An open field was investigated using metre
I. Loss of man hours and productivity · quadrats. In 5 random throws species A
II. Loss of human life occurred as shown in the table below.
III. Loss ofli vestock and crops

(A) llonly No. of Total No. of plants

(B) I and II only_ 'J;'hrows Species A in the quadrat
(C) II and Ill only
2 'Y1
(DJ I. II and III 1 ~

'
2 8 46
53. Waterloggingofsoilresults in the death of soil
organisms because 3 10 42

(A) bacteria multiply rapidly and crowd 4 0 37

them out
(B) water decreases the temperature of 5 12 21
the soil
(C} the organisms cannotrespire due to a
lack of air This data can be used to determine
(DJ ·hutrients are washed out of the soil
(A) coveronly ·
(B) cover and density
(C) frequency and cover
(DJ density and frequency

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Items 57 - 58 relate to the following graphs Item 59 refers to the following characteris-
which show the growth pattern of several tics.
populations.
I. Thick hairy leaves
Size of II. Concealed stomata
population III. Deeply penetrating root system
(A}
59. These characteristics MOST likely belong to
Time a plant which grows in a region that is

Size of (A) warm and dry

population (B) warm and shady
(B)
(C) cool and exposed
(D) cool and wet
Time

Size or 60. All the individuals of a particular species liv-

1K>Pulation ing in a defined area or location are referred
(C) to as

(A) a niche
Time (B) a population
Size of (C) a community
population (D) an environment
(D)

Tune

Match the following statements about the

population, to one of the options above. Each
option may be used once, more than once, or
not at all.

57. HasagoodfoodsupplyandisNOTsubjectto
environmental stress.

58. Has reached its equilibrium and there is a

delicate balance between the rate of births
and deaths.

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IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST.

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