SRS : ROAD SURFACING

1.0 BASE PREPARATION

The base shall be thoroughly swept to remove all loose material and surface soil binder.
All abuting surfaces, kerbs, manholes etc, shall also be cleaned.

Where required by the Engineer the surface shall be sprayed with water but not
saturated.

2.0 PRIME COAT

Bitumen prime shall be medium curing cutback bitumen grade MC 30 conforming to

CAS No 145.

Tar prime shall be TP 7 refined tar with an equiviscous temperature between 5oC and
9oC and conforming to CAS No 105.

Prime shall be applied at a rate of 0,8 litres per square metre. The temperature at
application shall be 30oC to 55oC for MC 30 and 50oC to 70oC for TP 7. The rate of
application shall not vary by more than 0.05 litres pre square metre without the written
approval of the Engineer.

The prime coat shall be allowed to soak into the surface for at least 48 hours before
surfacing. Spraying shall be done using a mechanical distributor fitted with equipment
conforming to SAZS 245. The distributor shall have a valid SAZS calibration
certificate.

3.0 SPRAY AND CHIP SURFACING

The binder shall be straight run 15o/200 PEN bitumen conforming to SAZS 144.

The aggregate shall be clean and free from dust, organic or other deleterious matter,
sized - 19 mm + 13.2 mm for tack coat and - 6.7 mm + 1.18 mm for seal coat, and shall
be of suitable hardness and not flaky or elongated. It shall comply with SAZS 232.

The primed base shall be swept clean of all dust and organic matter.

Binder application rates will depend on the shape and size of chippings, and shall be
about 1.5 litres per square metre for tack and 1.3 litres metres for seal.

Aggregates shall be spread at 0.013 cubic metres per square metre for 19 mm and 0.007
cubic metres per square metre for 6.7 mm stone.

The application temperature shall be 150-170oC for 150/200 PEN bitumen.

Aggregate shall be spread by a mechanical spreader after applying binder.

Rolling should follow immediately thereafter and continued until the aggregate is
 uniformly and thoroughly bonded, to the satisfaction of the Engineer. For the first two
weeks after opening the road to traffic, loose aggregate displaced by traffic shall then
be spread evenly over the road surface and rolled.

Binder shall be sprayed with a mechanical distributor conforming to SAZS 245. The
distributor shall have a valid SAZS calibration certificate.

The rollers shall be self propelled and of 10 to 15 tonnes mass. Bituminous materials
shall not be applied :

a) when the air temperature is below 18oC

b) in wet weather
c) when the surface is wet.

4.0 BITUMINOUS CONCRETE PREMIX

Bituminous concrete shall consist of crushed stone, sand and bitumen mixed to a
uniform consistency.

The Contractor shall submit his proposed mixed design to the Engineer for approval
together with test results and samples of the aggregates, filler and bitumen. The mix
shall satisfy the following criteria :

Min Max
Stability (KN) 3.0 12.0
Flow (mm) 2.0 4.0
Air Voids (%) 3.0 5.0
Stab / flow (KN/mm) 1.5 3.0

The mix used shall be within the following tolerances of the approved mix :

Sieve Size (mm) Permissible Variation

26.5-4.75 +, - 6.0%
2.36 +, - 4.0%
0.6 +, - 4.0%
0.075 +, - 2.0%
Binder Content +, - 0.6%
Air Voids +, - 1.0%
Filler Content +, - 2.0%

The bituminous concrete shall be mixed by means of an approved type mixer.

 Allowable temperature limits are given below :

Max Storage Mixing Temperature Aggregate

Temp
Min Max
Bitumen 80/100 130oC 135oC 165oC 170oC

The temperature of the mix on laying shall not exceed 120oC.

The mix shall be laid using an approved self-propelled mechanical spreader and
finisher.

Each completed layer shall have a density of not less than 96% of the maximum
Marshall density.

The level of any point on the finished surface shall be within 10 mm of the specified
level.

Bituminous concrete shall not be laid :

a) when the air temperature is below 15oC

b) during wet weather
c) when the surface is wet.

5.0 EMULSION SLURRY

The slurry shall consist of a mixture of aggregate, a stable mix emulsion, filler and
water.
Aggregate shall be crusher dust complying with the following grading :

BS Sieve Fine Seal General Seal Coarse Surface

mm % Passing % Passing % Passing
9.5 - - 100

6.7 - 100 90-100

4.75 100 90-100 70-90

2.36 90-100 65-90 45-70

1.18 65-90 45-70 28-50

0.6 40-60 30-50 19-34

 0.3 25-42 18-30 15-25

0.15 15-30 10-21 7-18

0.075 10-20 5-15 5-15

The filler shall consist of 1 to 2% by mass of the aggregate of Portland Cement.

The binder shall be stable slow breaking class 3 Bitumen Emulsion containing a
minimum of 60% bitumen.

The composition of the slurry shall be as follows :

Aggregate 82 -84 % by mass

Cement 1 - 2 % by mass
Emulsion 15 -16 % by mass

The residual bitumen shall be between 10.5 and 11.5% by mass of the dry aggregate.

The amount of water to be added shall be around 160 litres per cubic metre of dry
aggregate.

Immediately before application of the slurry, the surface shall be watered lightly. Rates
of application are given below :

Type of Surface Application Rate l/m2

Prime 5.5 to 6.5
Existing Bituminous Surface 4.5 to 5.0
-13.2 mm + 6.7 mm tack 5.0 to 5.5
-19.0 mm + 13.2 mm tack 6.5 to 7.0

The applied slurry should be allowed to dry without traffic for a minimum of three
hours, until no pick up occurs from it. Pneumatic rolling should follow immediately
after the slurry has set.

6.0 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

6.1 Prime Coat m2

The rate shall cover the cost of preparing the base, sprinkling with water, and supplying
and spraying the prime.

6.2 Two Coat Surface Treatment (Spray and Clip)

 (a) 19 mm tack and 10 mm seal coat m2

(b) 13.2 mm tack and 6.7 mm seal coat m2

(c ) 13.2 mm tack and crusher dust seal coat m2

The rate shall cover the cost of cleaning the primed surface, protecting the kerbs etc,
placing guide lines, controlling dust, supplying all materials, spraying of binder,
spreading of aggregate, rolling, and any other incidentals necessary to complete the
work.

6.3 Bituminous Concrete Surface Treatment m2

The rate shall cover the cost of supplying, hauling, heating and mixing the various
ingredients; hauling and compacting the bituminous concrete; and control testing,
protecting and maintaining the work as specified.

6.4 Slurry Seal Surface Treatment m2

The rate shall cover the cost of cleaning the primed surface, protecting the kerbs etc,
placing guide lines, controlling dust, supplying all materials, mixing and spreading of
the slurry seal and rolling.