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A STUDY ON BRAND AWARENESS TOWARDS UDAYA HERO MOTORS LTD

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

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CHAPTER:1

INTRODUCTION

Brand awareness refers to the extent to which a brand is recognized by potential


customers, and “ Brand awareness is the extent to which customers are able to recall or
recognize a brand”. It is a key consideration in consumer behaviour, advertising management,
brand management and strategy development.

The consumer's ability to recognize or recall a brand is central to purchasing


decision making purchasing can not proceed unless a consumer is first aware of product
category and a brand within that category.

Awareness does not necessarily mean that the consumer’s must be able to recall a specific
brand name, but he or she must be able to recall sufficiently distinguishing features for
purchasing to proceed.

For instance:- if consumer asks her friend to buy her some gum in a “blue pack” the
friend would be expected to know which gum to buy, even though neither friend can recall
the precise brand name at time.

Different types of brand awareness have been identified, namely brand recall and brand
recognition, key researcher argue that these different types of awareness operate in
fundamental different ways and that this has important implications for the purchase
decisions process and for, marketing communications.

Brand awareness is closely related to concepts such as the evoked set and consideration set
which describe specific aspects of the consumer purchase decision.

SCOPE OF THE STUDY:


Is to check that does brand awareness among brands affects the sales or creates a
specific image about the brand which helps the brand in gaining an advantage over the
competitors. Telephonic interviews of the targeted masses using set of questionnaires
designed to get the response which would help in achieving the objectives of research. The
limitations faced in this research would be that it constituted on the data gathering from an
already decided target audience which would be very small. Hence, we would be limited. The
importance of this market research would be, that it will help us to determine which brands
enjoy different benefits due to their brand awareness in the mind of consumers.

NEED OF THE STUDY:


The study was on product awareness of udaya hero motors and the customer satisfaction
level. To educate the public on bike and bring awareness about it. It will helps the company
to know their limitations suitable solution for it. It also helps the competitors brand

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enjoyment and benefits. And finally the study clearly defines the brand awareness helps
customer to choose the specific brand.

OBJECTIVES OF STUDY:
 To study the effectiveness of the company in creating brand awareness.
 To ascertain the scope of udaya hero motors in this region.
 Which attribute of the product drive the potential consumer to prefer the particular
product.
 To determine the customers awareness towards different motor bike.
 To achieve the target in the specific time.
 To find out the brand's with which udaya hero motors has to compete in the market.
 To know the reasons and intention behind purchasing or not purchasing udaya hero
motors bikes.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:


The fast growth in the udaya hero motors, to identify the potentiality and brand
awareness towards hero motors as further this study undertaken to identify the
effectiveness of those factors and the strategies adopted by the company to create
brand awareness as compared to other brands.

METHODOLOGY:
Methodology refers to the systematic procedure carried out in any work, project or
research study methodology gives a clear picture of the suitable classification
sequence of the different stages of the study as to arrive at a proper manifestation of
the objectives, SCOPE, limitation of study.

SAMPLING:
The sampling method used in convenience sampling, a category of non-probability
sampling science the respondents were chosen randomly. The area of sampling is in
hosapete city.

SAMPLE SIZE FOR PROJECT WORK:


It is impossible to collect the response from the total population due to limitation of
time. The total sample size taken for survey is 100 respondents.

SOURCES OF DATA:
Both primary data and secondary data has been collected. Primary data has been
collected through discussion, interviews with concerned officers in the plant. Secondary data
has been collected through company records, book, magazines etc...

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 PRIMARY DATA:-
 Primary data was collected through questionnaire personal survey and
interview.
 Discussions with sales manager, customers, sales personnel and backend
support team were used to extract information.

 SECONDARY DATA:
 The major source of secondary data is collected through brothers,
magazines, have been referred for gathering information
 Browsing through internet, Google search, logging to company website.

REVIEW OF LITERATURE:
Prasad A. Naik, Ashutosh Prasad, Suresh P. Sethi

States that companies spend hundreds of millions of dollars annually on advertising


to build and maintain awareness for their brand in competitive markets. However, awareness
formation models in the marketing literature ignore the role of competition. Consequently, we
lack both the empirical knowledge and normative understanding of building brand
awareness in dynamic oligopoly markets. To address this gap, we propose an N-brand
awareness formation models, design an Extended Kalman Filter to estimate the proposed
model using market data for five car brands over time, and derive the optimal closed-loop
Nash equilibrium strategies for every brand. The empirical result furnish strong support for
the proposed model in terms of both goodness-of-fit in the estimation sample and cross-
validation in the out-of-sample data. In addition, the estimation method offers managers a
systematic way to estimate and effectiveness and forecast awareness levels for their
particular brands as well as competitors brands. Finally, the normative analysis reveals an
inverse allocation principle that suggests contrary to the proportional-to sales or competitive
parity heuristics-that large (small) brands should invest in advertising proportionally less
(more) then the small ( large) brands.

Emma MacDonald and Byron Sharp

In 1987 Rossiter and Percy wrote “Brand awareness in widely misunderstood and
often wrongly measured, even by experienced manager”. Yet brand awareness is covered in
most texts on advertising measurement, it is a central part of the popular hierarchy of-effects
advertising model, and marketing manager's claim it as an important goal of their
communications activities ( Kelly 1991). This two paper discusses recent theoretical
development which attempt to explain the role which brand awareness plays and then
presents empirical findings concerning how Australian managers utilise brand awareness as
a measure of marketing and advertising effectiveness.

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LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY:


 Project work and study is confined to hospet city only.
 The data was collected only from 100 respondents their feeling and views are
portrayed in a statistical and graphical manner.
 The overall sample size is 100, hence information is not up to the market. The
duration for the survey was very short.
 Many respondents did not provide proper information.

CHAPTER SCHEME:
The project is divided into 5 chapters and the following:

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
In this chapter project worker intends to discuss about the introduction,
needs or stud, scope, objectives, STATEMENT of problem and methodology, review of
literature, limitations of the study.

CHAPTER 2: INDUSTRY PROFILE AND COMPY PROFILE.


This chapter deals with overall industry and company profile of Udaya Hero Motors,
Hosapete.

CHAPTER 3: THEORRTICAL FRAMEWORK OF THE STUDY.


This chapter consists of theoretical aspects of brand awareness towards Udaya
Hero Motors.

CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION.


This chapter all the data collected, analysed and interpreted on the same.

CHAPTER 5: FINDINGS SUGGESTIONS AND CONCLUSIONS.


This chapter contains valid findings of the study, suggestions, questionnaire and
conclusions made for the dissertation. At the end of the report bibliography is attached.

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CHAPTER 2
INDUSTRY PROFIE
AND
COMPANY PROFIE

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CHAPTER-2
INDUSTRY PROFILE & COMPANY PROFILE

INDUSTRIAL PROFILE

The Indian two-wheeler contributes the largest volume amongst all the segments in
automobile industry. Though the segment can be broadly categorized into 3 sub-segments
viz. scooters, motorcycles and mopeds; some categories introduced in the market are a
combination of two or more segments e.g. scooters and step-thru. The market primarily
comprises five players in the two-wheelers segment with the most of the companies
having foreign collaboration with well-known Japanese firms earlier. But most of the
companies are now planning 100% subsidiaries in India. and growth anticipated is higher
than the 16 percent achieved in the past 10 years.

The automobiles sector is divided into four segments i.e. two wheelers (mopeds,
scooters, motorcycles, electric two-wheelers), passenger vehicles (passenger cars, utility
vehicles, multi-purpose vehicles), commercial vehicles (light and medium-heavy
vehicles), and three wheelers (passenger carriers and good carriers).

The industry is one of the key drivers of economic growth of the nation. Since the
globalization of the sector in 1991 and the subsequent opening up of 100 percent FDI through
automatic route, Indian automobile sector has come a long way. Today, almost every global
auto major has set up facilities in the country.

The world standings for the Indian automobile sector, as per the Confederation of Indian
Industry, are as follows:
 Largest three-wheeler market
 Second largest tow-wheeler market
 Tenth largest passenger car market
 Fourth largest tractor market
 Fifth largest commercial vehicle market
 Fifth largest bus and truck segment

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The sector has shown a sluggish growth of 12 percent in 2013. The trend is likely to stay
with a 10 percent growth outlined for 2014 citing high ownership costs (fuel costs, cost of
registration, excise duty, road tax) and slow rural income growth. Solid but cautious growth
is expected over the next few years. However, from a long-term perspective, rising incomes,
improved affordability and untapped markets present promising opportunities for automobile
manufactures in India. According to Macquarie equities research, sale of passenger vehicles
is expected to double in the next four years

HISTORY OF TWO WHEELERS:

Sylvester Howard Roper of Massachusetts built the first motorized two-wheeler in


1867. The inventor demonstrated his steam-powered motorbike at fairs along the East Coast.
It featured handgrip twist throttle and a two-cylinder engine fired by coal. It did not catch on.
The German inventors Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach produced the Reitwagen
("Riding Bike"), the first gas-powered bike, in 1885. The German company Hildebrand &
Wolfmuller debuted the first bikes for sale to the public in 1894. All the major motorcycle
brands that are still around today were founded in the period of 1902 to 1955. Triumph
(1902), Harley-Davidson (1903), Honda (1946), Suzuki (1952), Kawasaki (1954) and
Yamaha (1955).

TYPES

Motorcycles are classified as either street or off-road. Off-road bikes are built to
withstand the vagaries of travelling over unpaved terrain. There are three basic types of street
motorcycle. A standard bike usually does not have the room for lots of luggage or
accessories, and the rider is positioned upright with his knees below his waist. Cruisers are
larger, with lots of room for baggage and other extras; the cruiser rider usually sits low in the
saddle, reclined back a little, arms extended farther to the handlebars. The third category, the
sport bike, usually has plastic fairings and is much lighter, faster and more manoeuvrable
than standards and cruisers; the riding profile is a lean toward the handlebars. Each of these
categories has sub-categories of specialized motorbikes, including the sport tourer, which has
more room for luggage and a upright rider profile.

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POPULARITY

Motorcycle sales worldwide grew by 6.5 percent during the economic downturn of
2008, according to Bloomberg.com. The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety estimates
that motorcycle registrations in the United States grew by 51 percent between 2000 and 2005.

SAFETY

Fatal accidents involving motorcycles are far higher than for cars. Data from the U.S.
Department of Transportation's 2005 Fatality Analysis Reporting System report (the latest
available as of this writing) indicates there were 18.62 car crashes resulting in a fatality per
100,000 passenger cars in that year, compared to 75.19 fatalities per 100,000 registered
motorcycles. The biggest causes of motorcycle rider fatalities are passenger vehicles making
an illegal turn into the rider and riders taking turns too wide and going off the road.

FUEL EFFICIENCY

The United States government does not require fuel emissions standards for
motorcycles, and the industry does not have a standardized method for computing miles per
gallon. Modern motorcycles average around 50 miles per gallon.

THE INDIAN TWO WHEELER INDUSTRY:

The Indian two-wheeler sector contributes the largest volumes amongst all the
segments in automobile Industry. Though the segment can be broadly categorized in to 3-
sub segments viz; scooters, motorcycles and mopeds; some categories introduced in the
market are a combination of two or more segments e.g. scooter and stepthru’s. The market
primarily comprises five players in the two-wheeler segment with most of the companies
having foreign collaborations with well-known Japanese firms earlier. But with most of the
companies now planning 100% subsidiaries in India.

In the last four to five years, the two-wheeler market has witnessed a market shift
towards motor cycles at the expense of scooters. In the rural areas, consumers have come to
prefer sturdier bikes to with stand the bad road conditions. In the process of the share of
motor cycle segment has grown from 48% to 58%, the share of scooters declined
drastically from 33% to 25%, while that of mopeds declined by 2% from 19% to 17% during

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the year 2013-14. All new vehicles are a now being replaced by four stroke motorcycles.
Reduced excise duties and fierce competition has led to a fall in prices of certain models.
Hero, a name synonymous with two wheelers in India, began its journey around four decades
ago. Starting as a manufacturer of by cycle components, hero has today grown into a
multiunit, multi-product, geographically diversified group of companies.

India is the second largest manufacturer and producer of two wheelers in the world. It
stands next only to Japan and China in terms of the number of two-wheelers produced and
domestic sales respectively. This distinction was achieved due to variety of reasons like
restrictive policy followed by the Government of India towards the passenger car industry,
rising demand for personal transport, inefficiency in the public transportation system etc.

The Indian two-wheeler industry made a small beginning in the early 50s when
Automobile Products of India (API) started manufacturing scooters in the country. Until
1958, API and Enfield were the sole producers.

In 1948, Bajaj Auto began trading in imported Vespa Scooters and three-wheelers.
Finally, in 1960, it set up a shop to manufacture them in technical collaboration with Piaggio
of Italy. The agreement expired in 1971.

In the initial stages, the scooter segment was dominated by API, it was later
overtaken by Bajaj Auto. Although various government and private enterprises entered the
fray for scooters, the only new player that has lasted till today is LML.

Under the regulated regime, foreign companies were not allowed to operate in India.
It was a complete seller market with the waiting period for getting a scooter from Bajaj Auto
being as high as 12 years.

The Motorcycles segment was no different, with only three manufacturers viz
Enfield, ideal Jawa and Escorts. While Enfield bullet was a four-stroke bike, Jawa and the
Rajdoot were two-stroke bikes. Enfield 350cc bikes and Escorts 175cc bikes initially
dominated the motorcycle segment.

The two wheeler market was opened to foreign competition in the mid-80s. And the
then market leaders- Escorts and Enfield were caught unaware by the onslaught of the 100cc
bikes of the four Indo-Japanese joint ventures. With the availability of fuel efficient low

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power bikes, demand swelled, resulting in Hero MotoCorp then the only producer of four stroke
bikes (100cc category), gaining a top slot.

Bajaj Auto commands a monopoly in the domestic market with a market share of
above 80%, the rest is shared by Bajaj Tempo, Greaves Ltd and Scooters India.

The total number of registered two wheelers and three-wheelers on road in India, as
on March 31, 1998 was 27.9mn and 1.7mn respectively. The two-wheeler population has
almost doubled in 1996 from a base of .6mn in 1990.

TWO STROKE MAX RANGE – ON THE WAY OUT

The company is currently looking forward to phase out its two stroke Max range,
which is perceived to be less fuel efficient with a new four stroke range. The changeover is
expected to take place by the end of June 2010.

STRONG FOCUS ON R&D

The company has put in place a strong R & D team consisting 400 engineers & is
spending about 3% of its turnover on R & D every year and has in the process setup a strong
world class facility for product design and development. During 2013-14, the company
applied for 16 patents & published five technical research papers in international conference.
Modified research projects are carried in association with leading international research labs
and Indian institutes. R & D as percentage of sales in expected to increase from 1.5% in FY
2014 and 2 to 3.2% in FY 2015.

THE HERO GROUP BEGAN WITH SIMPLE PHILOSOPHY:

To provide excellent transportation to the common man, at a price he could easily


afford. Even today, the dream providing the total satisfaction is all its sphere of activity. To
consumers, in excellent products at an affordable price; a thorough understanding the fast
changing consumer understanding the fast changing consumer behaviour, new market
segment and opportunities, and marketing mix sensitive changing customer needs from the
core of Hero’s marketing strategy and philosophy.

Hero Moto Corp. is one of the leading companies in the two wheeler industry. At
present, it is segment with around 47% the market share during financial yr. 2000-01. The

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company has emerged one of the most of successful players, much ahead of its competitors
by it superior and reliable product quality complemented with excellent marketing
techniques.

Hero Moto Corp has been an early entrant in the 4-stroke segment of the two-wheeler
industry. With a right mix of product styling and pricing the company has grabbed the 4-
stoke market as compared to Bajaj Auto and TVS.

TVS Motors Ltd has been the largest manufacturer of mopeds, which are prevalent as
low cost transportations and provide a tremendous potential is all parts of India. However, the
company is likely to face threat Bajaj Auto Ltd (BAL) that continued its price based
competitions and Hero Moto Corp cycle and Scooter Ltd. a new entrants in the 2-wheeler
market.

In fact the company has achieved excelled the Industry growth rates by a huge
margin. From April to December 2008 while the motor cycle industry sales were up to
38.68% TVS motor’s sales surged by a whopping 73.6% sat more importantly it is the
success of its model Victor.

CONTRIBUTION OF DIFFERENT COMPANIES IN TWO-WHEELER


INDUSTRY:

HERO MOTOCORP

Hero Moto Corp is the largest player is the motorcycle segment. Focused on
contemporary design and style, the company has a compare lysine ranges bikes viz;

 CD-100 DX
 CD-100 SS
 Splendor
 Street Smart
 CBZ
 Passion
 Karizma

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It splendor model is an urban centric with its fuel efficiency which accounts to over
60-70% of its sales. The passion launched in mid Jan. 2001 has a resending success
contributing to 26% of its sales.

TVS

TVS offers wide ranges of two-wheelers like:

Motorcycles- Victor / Fiero / Max100 / Max 100R / Max Deluxe.

Scooter- TVS scooty

Moped- Champ / XL / XL super / XL Supper HD/ Sports.

TVS plans to launch 4 new models in the coming 15 months. A 4-stroke version of
India’s best selling scooterttes; TVS-scooty and 4-stroke version of the existing moped line
will be launched this year.

BAJAJ

Bajaj Auto Ltd: Offer product a service to the customers so as to satisfy their needs.
It’s having 4-stroke single cylinder natural air cool the displacement of engine is 111.6 CC
having the engine power it 7-7 bhp at 7000 spm. The bike is having a hydrometric disc brake
in front wheel. “Flash” is an added future in the bike.

In 1993 BAL manufactured 12 different model, 5 scooter model, 3-motorcycle model,


moped model, 3-three wheeler model.

But in the recent year Bajaj developed various model in the motorcycle segment
which providing good riding conditions is urban road as well as rater roads.
Scooter- cub/super/super FE/chetak/stride/Msl Priya.

Moped- Bajaj Sunny.

Motorcycle- M-80 / Kawasaki RTZ / Kawasaki45 by 1993 and latest model are Eliminator /
Pulsor –180 / Pulsor 150 / Boxer / Caliber Crowa / Caliber

VALUATION

The company’s valuations are dependent on five events:

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 Current four businesses grow at the normal industry growth rates.

 New product launches achieve their targets and are well accepted by the market.

 Three wheeler forays achieve targeted volume in the desired rates of


return on capital employed.

 Quadricycle foray achieve the desired rate of return on the capital employed.

 Overall investment returns.

SALES FIGURES

OEM F.Y.2014-15 F.Y.2013-14 Growth (%)


1 Hero MotoCorp 6245982 6075583 2.8
2 Bajaj 3834445 3387043 13.21
3 TVS 2158385 2006808 7.55
4 Honda (scooters) 1240782 907832 36.67
Honda (Motorcycle) 866464 748895 15.70
Hero – HMSI 2107245 1656727 27.19
5 Yamaha 484885 373100 29.96
6 Suzuki 340893 282156 20.82
7 Mahindra 134750 163935 -17.80
Source: - www.motorbeam.com

COMPANY PROFILE

HERO MOTOCORP LIMITED

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Hero MotoCorp Ltd. (Formerly Hero Honda Motors Ltd.) is the world's largest
manufacturer of two-wheelers, based in India. In 2001, the company achieved the coveted
position of being the largest two-wheeler manufacturing company in India and the 'World
No.1' two-wheeler company in terms of unit volume sales in a calendar year. Hero MotoCorp
Ltd. continues to maintain this position till date.

VISION

The story of Hero MotoCorp began with a simple vision - the vision of a mobile and
an empowered India, powered by its bikes. Hero MotoCorp Ltd, company's new identity,
reflects its commitment towards providing excellent mobility solutions with renewed focus
on expanding company's footprint in the global arena.

MISSION

Hero MotoCorp mission is to become a global enterprise fulfilling its customers'


needs and aspirations for mobility, setting benchmarks in technology, styling and quality so
that it converts its customers into its brand advocates. The company will provide an engaging
environment for its people to perform to their true potential. It will continue its focus on
value creation and enduring relationships with its partners.

STRATEGY

Hero MotoCorp's key strategies are to build a robust product portfolio across
categories, explore growth opportunities globally, continuously improve its operational
efficiency, aggressively expand its reach to customers, continue to invest in brand building
activities and ensure customer and shareholder delight.

PRODUCTS

Hero MotoCorp offers wide range of two wheeler products that include
motorcycles and scooters, and has set the industry standards across all the market
segments.

MANUFACTURING

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Hero MotoCorp two wheelers are manufactured across three globally


benchmarked manufacturing facilities. Two of these are based at Gurgaon and Dharuhera ,
which are located in the state of Haryana in Northern India. The third and the latest
manufacturing plant is based at Haridwar, in the hill state of Uttrakhand..

TECHNOLOGY

In 1980`s, the Company pioneered the introduction of fuel-efficient, environment


friendly four-stroke motorcycles in the country. It became the first company to launch the
Fuel Injection (FI) technology in Indian motorcycles, with the launch of the Glamour FI in
June 2006.

Its plants use excellent equipment and processes and have become a benchmark in
leanness and productivity. Hero MotoCorp, it is endeavor toremain a pioneer in
technology, will continue to innovate and develop innovative products and processes

DISTRIBUTION

The Company's growth in the two-wheeler market in India is the result of an


intrinsic ability to increase reach in new geographies and growth markets. Hero MotoCorp`s
extensive sales and service network now spans over to 5000 customer touch points. These
comprise a mix of authorized dealerships, service & spare parts outlets, and dealer-appointed
outlets across the country.

BRAND

The new Hero is rising and is poised to shine on the global arena. Company's new
identity "Hero MotoCorp Ltd." is truly reflective of its vision to strengthen focus on
mobility and technology and creating global footprint. Building and promoting new brand
identity will be central to all its initiatives, utilizing every opportunity and leveraging its
strong presence across sports, entertainment and ground- level activation.

COMPANY’S MANDATE

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Hero MotoCorp is a world leader because of its excellent manpower, proven


management, extensive dealer network, efficient supply chain and world-class products with
cutting edge technology from Hero MotoCorp Company. The teamwork and commitment are
manifested in the highest level of customer satisfaction, and this goes a long way towards
reinforcing its leadership status.

2014-2015 PERFORMANCE:

Total unit sales of 62,45,960 two-wheelers, Growth of 2.8 %


Total net operating income of Rs. 25722 Crores, Growth of 6.4 %
Net Profit after tax was Rs. 2109 Crores
Total dividend of 3250%
Earnings Per Share was Rs.105.6
Market Value or Book Value of share was Rs.8.1

Date of Establishment - 1984

Revenue - Rs.241.66 billion

Market Cap - Rs.308 billion

Management Details - Chairperson - Brijmohan Lall Munjal


MD & CEO - Pawan Munjal

Business Operation - Automobile Two & Three Wheelers

Background - Hero Motocorp Motors Limited is the World's


single largest two-wheeler motorcycle
company. Honda Motor Company of Japan and
the Hero Group entered a joint venture to setup
Hero Honda Limited in 1984.
- In 2010, Honda decided to move out of the joint
venture Hero Group bought the shares held by

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Honda .This has not only created the world's


single largest two wheeler company.
- In August 2011,The company was renamed
‘Hero MotoCorp’.

Financials - Total Income - Rs. 25722 Crores


( year ending Mar 2014)
Net Profit - Rs. 2109 Crores
( year ending Mar 2014)

Company Secretary - Ilam C Kamboj

Bankers - ABN Amro Bank, Bank of America, Bank of


Tokyo Mitsubishi , Canara Bank , Citi Bank,
HDFC Bank, HSBC Bank, ICICI Bank, Punjab
National Bank, Standard Chartered Bank

Auditors - AF Ferguson & Co

DEALERSHIP OVERVIEW:

Firm ----- M/S UDAYA MOTORS

Owner ----- Mr. VENKATESHWAR RAO. K

DEPARTMENTS ----- SALES, SERVICE, SPARE PARTS, WORK SHOP

STRENGTH OF SHOWROOM:

 Well, furnished office with departments.


 All kinds of spare of Hero MotoCorp vehicles are available.
 Quality service for customer’s satification.
 Skilled Workman.
 Well computerized specialty.

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 Separate workshop with all equipment’s.

BENEFITS TO THE CUSTOMER ACQUIRED BY UDAYA MOTORS


IN TERMS OF SERVICE:

 Satisfaction with many ranges and variety of vehicles.

 Availability of every spare part immediately.

 Well spread wide service network.

 Wide colour options in vehicles.

 Attractive finance schemes to purchase.

 Optional two wheel drive facility.

 Minor repair and replacement of spare parts for 1 year.

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ORGANIZATION CHART :

Fill it. Shut it. Forget it

What started out, as a Joint Venture between Hero Group, the world’s largest
bicycle manufacturers and the Hero MotoCorp Company is today the leading
manufacturer of India's largest selling motorcycle. Coming into existence on January 19,
1984. Hero MotoCorp gave India nothing less than a revolution on two-wheels made even
more famous by the 'Fill it - Shut it - Forget it' campaign. Driven by the trust of over 30 lakh
customers, the Hero Moto Corp product range today commands as much as 47% making it a
veritable giant in the industry. Add to that technological excellence, an expansive dealer
network, and reliable after sales service, and you have one of the most customer-friendly
companies.

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MILESTONES OF HERO MOTOCORP:

Year Event

1983 Joint Collaboration Agreement with Honda Motor Co. Japan.

1984 Hero Honda Motors Ltd. Incorporated.

1985 Hero Honda motorcycle CD 100 launched.

1989 Hero Honda motorcycle Sleek launched.

1991 Hero Honda motorcycle CD 100 SS launched.

1992 Raman Munjal Vidya Mandir inaugurated - A School in the memory of founder.

1994 Hero Honda motorcycle Splendor launched.

1997 Hero Honda motorcycle Street launched

1999 Hero Honda motorcycle CBZ launched

2001 Hero Honda motorcycle Passion and Hero Honda Joy launched

2002 Hero Honda motorcycle Dawn and Hero Honda Ambition launched

2003 Hero Honda motorcycle CD Dawn, Splendor Plus, Passion Plus and Karizma

launched

2004 Hero Honda motorcycle Ambition 135 and CBZ Star launched

2005 Hero Honda motorcycle Super Splendor, CD Deluxe, Glamour, Achiever and

Hero Honda Scooter Pleasure introduced.

2007 New Splendor NXG, CD Deluxe, New Passion Plus and Hunk launched

2008 Hero Honda motorcycle launches new models of Pleasure, CBZ Xtreme,

Glamour, Glamour Fi and Passion Pro.

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2009 New models of Hero Honda motorcycle Karizma, Karizma ZMR launched

2011 New licensing arrangement signed between Hero and Honda.August 2011

Hero and Honda part company, thus forming Hero MotoCorp and

 Honda moving out of the Hero Motocorp joint venture.November 2011

Hero launched its first ever Off Road Bike Named Hero "Impulse"

2012 New models of Hero MotoCorp Maestro the masculine scooter and
the Ignitor the young generation bike were launched

2013 New models like Splendor iSmart, HF Deluxe ECO, Super Splendor,
Passion Pro, XPro, were introduced

2014 Hero MotoCorp Launched Splendor Pro Classic, Xtreme Sports.

During the 80s, Hero Moto Corp became the first company in india to prove that it
was possible to drive a vehicle without polluting the roads. The company introduced new
generation motorcycles that set industry benchmarks for fuel thrift and low emission. A
legendary 'fill it - shut it - forget it' campaign captured the imagination of commuters across
india , and Hero MotoCorp sold millions of bikes purely on the commitment of increased
mileage

Over 20 million Hero MotoCorp two wheelers tread indian roads today. These are
almost as many as the number of people in finland, ireland and sweden put together!

Hero MotoCorp has consistently grown at double digits since inception; and today,
every second motorcycle sold in the country is a Hero Moto Corp. Every 30 seconds,
someone in india buys Hero Moto Corp's top selling motorcycle – splendour.
This festive season, the company sold half a million two wheelers in a single month a
feat unparalleled in global automotive history.

Hero MotoCorp bikes currently roll out from its three globally benchmarked
manufacturing facilities. Two of these are based at Dharuhera and Gurgaon in Haryana and
the third state of the art manufacturing facility was inaugurated at Haridwar, Uttrakhand in
april this year. These plants together are capable of producing out 4.4 million units per year.

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Hero MotoCorp 's extensive sales and service network now spans over 3000
customer touch points. These comprise a mix of dealerships, service and spare points, spare
parts stockiest and authorized representatives of dealers located across different
geographies.

Hero MotoCorp values its relationship with customers. Its unique CRM initiative
Hero MotoCorp passport program, one of the largest programs of this kind in the world, has
over 3 million members on its roster. The program has not only helped Hero Moto Corp
understand its customers and deliver value at different price points, but has also created a
loyal community of brand ambassadors.

Having reached an unassailable pole position in the indian two wheeler market, Hero
Moto Corp is constantly working towards consolidating its position in the market place. The
company believes that changing demographic profile of india , increasing urbanization and
the empowerment of rural india will add millions of new families to the economic
mainstream. This would provide the growth ballast that would sustain Hero MotoCorp in the
years to come. As brijmohan lall munjal, the chairman, Hero MotoCorp Limited succinctly
points out, "we pioneered India’s motorcycle industry, and it's our responsibility now to take
the industry to the next level. We'll do all it takes to reach there.''

FROM THE CHAIRMAN'S DESK LEADING WITH A DREAM

We had a dream. The dream of making motorcycles that would touch and
transform the lives of our customers by giving them a mode of transport that was fuel-
efficient, comfortable and environment friendly. One that would enhance their efficiency at
work, enable them to share moments of joy with their families and add up to a better quality
of life.

In a scenario where the customer had a few choices, our vision was to offer the
highest quality at a reasonable price, to meet our customer’s expectations, and to exceed
them.Behind the success of Hero Moto Corp, is the saga of team-work. We would like to
acknowledge the role played by our jv partners, Hero MotoCorp company, all our
business associates, shareholders and employees.

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BOARD OF DIRECTORS:

No. Name of the directorscategory of directorship

 Mr. Brijmohan Lall Munjal Chairman & whole-time director

 Mr. Pawan Munjal managing director

 Mr. Toshiaki Nakagawa joint managing director

 Mr. Yutaka kudo whole-time director

 Mr. Om prakash munjal non-executive director

 Mr. Sunil kant munjal non-executive director

 Mr. Masahiro takedagawa non-executive director

 Mr. Takashi nagai non-executive director

 Mr. Narinder nath vohra non-executive & independent director

 Mr. Pradeep dinodia non-executive & independent director

 Gen.(retd.) Ved prakash malik non-executive & independent director

 Mr. Analjit singh non-executive & independent director

 Dr. Pritam singh non-executive & independent director

 Ms. Shobhana bhartia non-executive & independent director

 Mr. Sunil bharti mittal non-executive & independent director

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Hero Motocorp is the world no. 1 for the 5th year in a row

PROMINENT AWARDS TO THE COMPANY

Year Awards & recognitions

2013 Green Pioneer Award

Business Leader Award

CFO of the Year Award

2012 Business Leader In Automobiles (Two Wheelers) at the NDTV Profit Business
Leadership Award.

Advertiser of the year Award by IDMA

Innovation in loyalty Marketing Award

TPM Excellence Award by JIPM

Global HR Excellece Award

India Human Capital Award

Business technology Excellence Award

Top Green IT Enterprise Award

IT Transformers Award

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Quality Circle Excellence Award at NQCC

KEY POLICIES :

AN ENVIRONMENTALLY AND SOCIALLY, AWARE COMPANY

At Hero Moto Corp, our goal is not only to sell you a bike, but also to help you every
step of the way in making your world a better place to live in. Besides its will to provide a
high-quality service to all of its customers, Hero MotoCorp takes a stand as a socially
responsible enterprise respectful of its environment and respectful of the important issues.

Hero Moto Corp has been strongly committed not only to environmental conservation
programmes but also expresses the increasingly inseparable balance between the economic
concerns and the environmental and social issues faced by a business. A business must not
grow at the expense of mankind and man's future but rather must serve mankind.

"we must do something for the community from whose land we generate our wealth." A
famous quote from our worthy chairman mr.brijmohan lall munjal.

ENVIRONMENT POLICY

WE at Hero Moto Corp are committed to demonstrate excellence in our


environmental performance on a continual basis, as an intrinsic element of our corporate
philosophy. Integrate environmental attributes and cleaner production in all our business
processes and practices with specific consideration to substitution of hazardous chemicals,
where viable and strengthen the greening of supply chain.

Continue product innovations to improve environmental compatibility.Comply with


all applicable environmental legislation and also controlling our environmental discharges
through the principles of "alara" (as low as reasonably achievable).

Institutionalise resource conservation, in particular, in the areas of oil, water,


electrical energy, paints and chemicals.Enhance environmental awareness of our employees

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and dealers / vendors, while promoting their involvement in ensuring sound environmental
management.

QUALITY POLICY:

Excellence in quality is the core value of Hero Moto Corp's philosophy. We are
committed at all levels to achieve high quality in whatever we do, particularly in our products
and services which will meet and exceed customer's growing aspirations through: Innovation
in products, processes and services. Continuous improvement in our total quality
management systems, teamwork and responsibility.

MISSION STATEMENT IN PURSUIT OF EXCELLENCE

We, at Hero Moto Corp, are continuously striving for synergy between technology,
systems, and human resources to provide products and services that meet the quality,
performance, and price aspirations of our customers. While doing so, we maintain the highest
standards of ethics and societal responsibilities, constantly innovate products and processes,
and develop teams that keep the momentum going to take the company to excellence in the
new millennium".

WE CARE FOR ENVIRONMENT:

A philosophy closest to Hero Moto Corp is that which pertains to the environment,
which is why the company goes that extra step to ensure that each one of the high
technology 4-stroke Hero Moto Corp motorcycles meet the most demanding of pollution
norms at every level. The company has followed this policy since the very beginning.

WE CARE FOR COMMUNITY:

Hero MotoCorp is a company with a difference. Constantly involved in social


activities, spreading. Awareness about the community and environment, the company has
taken a giant step in the fields of Health care; Education; Engineering; Environment and
many more

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INTERNATIONAL MARKETING:

Based on our own brand of globalization, they have built our distribution network
over 60 countries worldwide and multiplied our exports from 5 percent of total turnover in
Fiscal 2007-08 to over 15 percent in Fiscal 2013-14.

MAIN OBJECTIVE OF COMPANY:

Through the company has wide list goals to be achieved but the major objective of the company
has to achieve are as follows:-

 To provide right product to right people at right time.

 Price should be reasonable; by this every level of person can afford the product.

 To maximize the shareholder’s value by customer value enhancement.

 Changes should be according to prospective customer

 To provide delivery of standard product.

 To provide value for money to the consumers.

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PRODUCT PROFILE

PORTFOLIO OF PRODUCTS

Hero MotoCorp offers wide range of two wheeler products that include
motorcycles and scooters, and has set the industry standards across all the market
segments.

100cc Bike category

 SPLENDOR PLUS

 SPLENDOR NXG

 SPLENDOR PRO

 PASSION PRO

 PASSION XPRO

 MAESTRO

 PLEASURE

 HF DAWN

 HF DELUXE

 GLAMOUR

 SUPER SPLENDOR

 IGNITOR

150cc Bike category:


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 ACHIEVER
 KARIZMA
 KARIZMA ZMR
 IMPULSE
 HUNK
 XTREME

ACHIEVER

FEATURES
5-Spoke, black alloy wheels.
Best mileage in 150cc category.
ATFT 150cc Engine for the perfect balance of high power and fuel economy
Specially designed seat for the great riding experience.
Puncture resistant tuff-up tube
On road Price Rs 67,641 (approx)

CBZ XTREME

FEATURE
New digital – Analog combo meter console

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All secure ignition switch with key shutter


Diamond lustre headlight
5 spoke wheels & front and rear disc brakes.
Prism shell LED tail lamp
On road Price Rs 82,462 (approx)

CD DAWN

FEATURES
A new engine for better performance.
Powerful headlight provides much improved visibility.
New and advanced adjustable shock absorbers.
Extra-wide seats for extra riding comfort.
Padlock provision for theft security.
Matte black for style & good looks.
On road Price Rs 40,256 (approx)

CD DELUX

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FEATURES
New engine for enhanced performance & stress-free ride.
Broad visor with aerodynamic shape.
Cool 3D graphics & knee grip makes the bike look very attractive & a comfortable seating
posture provides a stress-free ride.
Extra wide seat, more seating space provides better riding comfort for both.
On road Price Rs 45,997 ( approx)

GLAMOUR

FEATURES
Scintillating new graphics.
All new stylish visor and headlights.
Edgy new muffler cover.
Eye catching digital analog combo meter console.
All new aerodynamic air scoop shrouds.
Drum on road Price Rs 64,088 (approx)
Disc on road Price Rs 66,165 (approx)

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HUNK

FEATURES
Flared fenders and tubeless tyres
Analog-Digital speed panel in chrome-tinged flame orange console
Red Hot LED tail light
Ridged muffler cover with front and rear disc brakes.
Single Disc on road Price Rs 75,222(approx)
Double Disc on road Price Rs 78,513 (approx)

KARIZMA

FEATURES
Exciting new graphics
Sporty under cowl
Large diameter front-wheel disk brake
Enhanced visor
Black Cast on road Price Rs 88,942 (approx)
Red Cast on road Price Rs 89,742 (approx)

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KARIZMA ZMR

FEATURES
Astra gold front and rear disc plates.
Multi – Functional digital console with blue iIIumination and personalised message.
Sporty full body cowl with body-coloured rear-view mirrors.
Excellent visibility and less prone to damage
High intensite integrated LED tail light with integrated clear lens indicators
Cast Wheel on road price Rs 111,571 (approx)

PASSION PRO

FEATURES
Digital-Analog speedometer
Radical twin bulb tall light
Stylish new generation graphics
New age high performance APDV engine
Cast Self on road Price Rs 56,075 (approx)

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Spoke Self on road Price Rs 55,104 (approx)

PLEASURE
FEATURES
Smooth suspension system
New meter console
Puncture-Resistant tuff up tube
Trendy rear grip; modern tail light
Powerful 100cc engine; gearless
transmission with light-weight ABS body
Wide seat; large under-seat box
On road Price Rs 49,457 (approx)

SPLENDOR NXG

FEATURES
Next generation aerodynamic design with Black alloy wheels
Next generation attractive meter console and visor
Power start
Next generation styling
Next generation advanced pro series APDV engine for better power, better mileage & better
acceleration
Cast Self on road Price Rs 52,550 (approx)
Spoke Self on road Price Rs 51,407 (approx)

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SUPER SPLENDOR
FEATURES
Exciting new body graphics
Powerful multi-reflector head
light, tail light and indicators
Stylish new alloy wheels
Better suspension
On road price: 53,378 (approximate)

SPLENDOR PLUS

FEATURES
Exciting new body graphics
Powerful multi-reflector headlight, tail light and indicators
Stylish new alloy wheels
Better suspension
Carrier as part of standard equipment
Cast Wheel on road Price Rs 54,345 (approx)
Spoke Wheel on road Price Rs 52,010 (approx)

SPLENDOR PRO

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FEATURES
Stylish meter console
Exciting new body graphics
Stylish new alloy wheels
Power start
Cast Self on road Price Rs 55,136 (approx)
Spoke Self on road Price Rs 53,150 (approx)

ALL THE ABOVE PRODUCTWERE WITH THE BRAND NAME


HERO-HONDA, AFTER RE-BRANDING THEY HAVE ONLY LAUNCHED ONE
BIKE UNDER BRAND HERO NAMED HERO-IMPULSE

HERO IMPULSE

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FEATURES OF IMPULSE
High torque ATFT engine and high ground clearance for rough terrain riding
Raised fender and large diameter front wheel with “stud pattern’ type tyres
Nitrox gas-filled mono shock rear suspension
Straight pull spokes at the rear for touch terrains
Low maintenance seal endless drive chain
Digital-analog combo meter console with ‘service due’ indicator
Sharp edgy graphics
Motocross seat
Sporty high mount muffler
On road Price Rs 78,330 (approx).

TERMINATION OF HONDA JOINT VENTURE


In December 2010, the board of directors of the Hero Honda Group has decided to
terminate the joint venture between Hero Group of India and Honda of Japan in a phased
manner. The Hero Group would buy out the 26% stake of the Honda in JV Hero
Honda. Under the joint venture Hero Group could not export to international markets
(except Sri Lanka) and the termination would mean that Hero Group can now export. Since
the beginning, the Hero Group relied on their Japanese partner Honda for the
technology in their bikes. So there are concerns that the Hero Group might not be able to
sustain the performance of the Joint Venture alone.

The Japanese auto major will exit the joint venture through a series of off market
transactions by giving the Munjal family—that held a 26% stake in the company an
additional 26%. Honda, which also has an independent fully owned two wheeler
subsidiary-Honda Motorcycle and Scooter India (HMSI)-will exit Hero Honda at a
discount and get over $1 billion for its stake. The discount will be between 30% and 50% to
the current value of Honda's stake as per the price of the stock after the market closed on
Wednesday.

The rising differences between the two partners gradually emerged as an irritant.
Differences had been brewing for a few years before the split over a variety of issues, ranging
from Honda's reluctance to fully and freely share technology with Hero (despite a 10-year
technology tie-up that expires in 2014) as well as Indian partner's uneasiness over high
royalty payouts to the Japanese company. Another major irritant for Honda was the refusal

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of Hero Honda (mainly managed by the Munjal family) to merge the company's spare parts
business with Honda's new fully owned subsidiary Honda Motorcycle and Scooter
India (HMSI).

As per the arrangement, it will be a two-leg deal. In the first part, the Munjal
family, led by Brijmohan Lal Munjal group, will form an overseas-incorporated special
purpose vehicle (SPV) to buy out Honda's entire stake, which will be backed by bridge loans.
This SPV would eventually be thrown open for private equity participation and those in the
fray include Warburg Pincus, Kohlberg Kravis Roberts (KKR), TPG, Bain Capital,
and Carlyle Group.

CHAPETR 3
THEORITICAL
BACKGROUND

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Chapter:3
Theoretical frame work of the study
BRAND:
A brand is a name, term, symbol or design or a combination of them, which is intended to
identify the goods and services of a seller or a group of sellers and to differentiate them from
those of competitors.

Hence brand is, an instrument for sales promotion and the market where stiff competition
exists, facilitates easy advertisement and publicity, creates special consumer preference over
the product. Sales can be increased through brands, arrest the immediate attention of buyers,
differentiates the goods of the producer from the goods of competitors, ensures standard
quality and satisfaction to buyer.

Features of a good brand:


Brand should suggest something about the product-purpose, quality, benefit, use, action etc: it
should be simple, short and easy to pronounce and remember.

 It should be easy to advertise and identify.


 It should of a permanent nature.
 It should be clear and attractive.
 It should be capable of being registered and protected legally.
 It should be distinctive.
 It should have a pleasing sound to the ear, when pronounced.
 It should be economical.
 It should be original.
 It should not be pronounced in several ways.
 It should not be offensive.

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 It should create a good image.


 It should not be outdated.

Why branding individual products is required?


Branding individual products is made because, Memory recall is facilitated. This could lead
to more rapid initial buying action or greater frequency buying and hence deeper loyalty.

 Advertising can be directed more effectively and linked with other communication
programmers.
 Branding leads to a more ready acceptance of a product by wholesalers and retailers.
 Self selection is facilitated very important consideration is self-service stores.
 Display space is more easily obtained and special promotions are more practicable.
 The importance of price differentials may be diminished.
 Brand loyalty may give a manufacturer greater control over marketing strategy and
channels of distribution.
 Other products may be introduced more rapidly. ( the failure of a brand may, of
course, lead to undue resistance to other products) The amount of personal persuasive
selling effort may be reduced.
 Branding makes market segmentation easier. Different brands of similar products may
be developed to meet specific categories of users.
 The demand for the general products class should be large and strong enough to
support a profitable marketing plan, involving additional promotion cost.
 The product should be easily identifiable by a brand and lend itself easily to
conspicuous marketing.
 The brand must be economies of large scale production, whenever additional
production is undertaken as a result of expanding sales volume.
 The brand must carry through to the ultimate consumer.
 The quality of the product should be best and it should be easily maintained.
 There must be consistent and widespread supply of the product.
 The ideal brand is the one which becomes universally well known but at the same
time retains a clear and independent identity.
 The brand, once established, can command a premium price owing to the valuable
psychological intangibles associated with its name.

Classification of brands
 Family brand

A single brand name for all the products of a company and which are being similar
in quality.

 national brand:

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The same brand used on the national level manufacturers brands are commonly
termed as national level.

 Individual brand:

Brand name is given for each variety of products and each product of same
producer will carry its own brand used for dissimilarity.

 Private Brand:

Large wholesalers and retailers operation over regional or national market and
placing their own brand on the products that they market. These brands offered by
wholesaler and retailer are usually called private brand.

 Umbrella brand:

All products having the name of the company or manufacturer is called the
umbrella brand.

Benefits of branding:
Producers benefit:
 Brand enables a firm to build reputation.
 It is a device by which a good image and goodwill are established.
 It facilitates introduction of new products, in a simplified process.
 It distinguishes products from rival firms and thus ensures constant returns.
 it is essential for sales promotion
 It widens the market, Through demand creation.
 It helps in reducing advertising cost.
 It Brings repeated sales.
 It reduces the need for price comparison
 Indivisually of a product is established

Wholesaler/Retailer Benefits
 They Require less time to get sold.
 Branded products pose less risk
 There is an established demand

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 Branding aids in advertising and display programmes.


 Branding assists in increasing control over the market
 Branding reduces the price comparisons and helps to stabilize price

Consumer Benefits
 There must be widespread supply of the products
 The quality and standard of the products must be maintained regularly
 Enforcement of product identification and differentiation by brands must be
strictly adhered too
 Brand must carry through products to the ultimate consumer, to be more
effective.
 Product must have distinctive and special approach. Brand distinguish and
differentiates the product of different products
 Identification is possible through brands; consumers are at ease while
shopping

Brand Name:
“A brand name consist of words, letters and / or numbers which may be vocalized
and refers to products”

Brand Mark:
“ A brand mark is that part of brand which appears in the form of a symbol or
design or distinctive colouring or lettering. It is recognized by sight but is not expressed when
a person pronounces the brand name.

Brand Preference :
Based on the previous experience with the product consumer will choose it rather
than the competitors of its availability. Companies with the product at the brand preference
stage are in favourable position in competition their industry since the brand preference
results in brand loyalty companies more market share.

Brand Awareness:
Brand awareness can be indicated to as the level of consumer’s familiarity with a
brand . (Aaker1991) & (Keller1993) declared that brand awareness is a key component of
brand value. As indicated by (Rossiter & Percy,1987), brand awareness is the capacity of
consumer to recognize a brand among other brand . (Keller,1993) conceptualized brand
awareness as involving brand review and brand acknowledgment . He went further to say that
brand review is the capacity of consumer to recall a brand from their psyche when the

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product category is made know. (Keller,1993,p.3) Contended that “ Brand acknowledgement


be more important to the degree that product decisions are made in the market”.

Brand awareness plays an important role in consumer decision making for three major
reasons first, It is important that consumer thinks of the brand when they think about the
product category. Raising brand awareness increases the likelihood that the brand will be a
member of the consideration set second, brand awareness can affect decisions about brands in
the consideration set, even if there are essentially no other brand association.

For example, consumers have been shown to adopt a decision ruled to buy only familiar,
Well established brands (Jacoby,sizable,&busato-schacht1977; Roselius 1971) . finally, brand
awareness affect consumer decision making by influencing the formation and strength of
brand association in the brand image. A necessary condition for the creation of a brand image
is that a brand node has been established in memory, and the nature of that brand node should
affect how easily different kinds of information can become attached to the brand in memory.
(Keller 1993).

Brand Image:
The brand image is defined as consumer perception of a brand as reflected by the
brand association held in consumer’s memory. The knowledge model described by
keller(1998) will be adopted to starbucks case . Keller’s (1998) model proposes that brand
knowledge is comprised of brand awareness and brand image. Brand image is detailed to a
greater extend with in the model because of its more complex nature. Brand image is set to
result from the favourability, strength, uniqueness, and types of brand association held by the
consumer.

With in the model, Keller(1998) depicts various type of brand association such as attributes
(product related and non-product related), benefits (functional, experiential and symbolic)
and attitudes. In particular, non-product attributes are categorized into: price, user/usage
imagery, brand personality and feeling and experiences.

The brand awareness and image of business are vital to its success. As consumer , we don’t
really think about the importance of branding. We just seem to go with the flow of brand
names that have become synonymous with our daily living. But the impact of name
reinforces the importance of branding when we promote our business. Think about one of the
worlds most popular athletic shoe companies , Nike.

The importance of branding is exemplified by the fact that when we hear Nike, we think
athletic and “just do it.” A great brand name and association as catapulted Nike to the top of
its industry. Along with above illustration, we could say that, to large extent, the
establishment of brand contributes a lot to a positive prospect of company, especially the
service business, like starbucks. Starbucks being one of the most valuable brands in the
service field, its brand reputation is at globally recognizable level to large extent.

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Although the absence of physical business for starbucks many areas, still many people
heard of its name. In other words, the absence of starbucks ‘business in certain area doesn’t
mean the inexistence of the brand in the focal area.

A brand is the perception of value that a customer believes he receives in purchasing a


particular product, service or experience from a particular organization. Consequently, a great
brand effectively retains customers while simultaneously attracting new ones. Branding is the
process by which companies distinguish their product affarings from competition. Hence it is
vital for organizations to establish a healthy and purposeful consumer-brand relationship.
This can be achieved by building strong customer centric brands. As economic challenges
and pressures for business mount, marketing teams are faced with major decisions.

While widespread consumer anxiety results in dwindling business, marketing budget


allocations are hit by cutbacks and marketers face the challenge of better market performance
in a restricted economy. Investments and organizational objectives have been reframed.
While retention of market share appears to be biggest thought, equally important is to
continue to build the product or service customer base and avoid losing brand value during
constrained times.

The need of the hour is to reorganize brand portfolios, rethink spending approaches,
generate more fine-grained customer insights, overhaul pricing and segment management and
restructure sales ,service and strategies. Better brand positioning and appropriate use of
technological tools enables shrinking the budgets for marketing resources allocation. The
challenges and complexities of the modern marketplace make efficient and effective
marketing an imperative.

The concept of brand equity has been put forth as a means to focus marketing efforts. The
businesses that win in the twenty-first century will be those that marketers who successfully
build, measure and manage their brands. Marketing has had two roles in companies. The first
is to influence customer demand using the marketing mix toolkit. The second is to take a
leadership role in helping companies develop a stronger focus on customers- to create a
customer orientation. Out of several brand aspects, the brand customer relationship (Asker,
1995)dimension has been the focal point of this research study.

Types of Brand Names Detailed Study of Brand Dimensions

 Family Brand Name

A family brand name comprises usage of the name of the corporate brand
which is used for all products produced or marketed by that corporate. Businesses
building customer trust and loyalty for the family brand name, all products that is e the
brand can benefit. A family brand name is used for all products. By building customer
trust and loyalty to the family brand name, all products that use the brand can benefit.
Good examples include brands in the food industry, including Kellogg's , Heinz and

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DelMonte. Of course, the use of a family brand can also create problems if one of the
products gets had publicity or is a failure in a market. This can damage the reputation of
a whole range of brands.

 Individual Brand Name:


An individual brand name does not identify a brand with a particular company. For
example, take the case of Heinz. Heinz is a leading global food manufacture with a very
strong family brand. However, it also operates many well-know individual brand names.
Examples include Farley's (baby food), Linda McCartney Foods (vegetarian meals) and
Weight Watcher's Foods ( diet/slimming meals and supplements). Why does Heinz use
individual brand names when it has such a strong family brand name? There are several
reasons why a brand needs a separate identity unrelated to the family brand name:

 The brand may have been acquired; in other words it has already established itself as
a leading brand in the market segment. The fact that has been acquired by a Company
with a strong family brand name does not mean that the acquired brand has to be
changed.

 Combination Brand Name:


A combination name brings together a family brand name and an individual brand
name. The idea here is to provide some association for the product with a strong family brand
name but maintaining some distinctiveness so that customers know what they are getting.

The purpose of market segmentation is to identify consumer preference, behavioural


responses and consumption patterns by dividing a market into several homogenous
submarkets. Marketers can formulate brand strategies, or product/brand positioning, tailored
specifically to the brands of these homogenous sub-markets. Customer needs are becoming
increasingly diverse.

These needs can no longer be satisfied by a mass marketing approach. Businesses can copy
with this diversity by grouping customers with similar requirements and buying behavior into
segments. Identification of the appropriate from premise of segmentation can than be made,
thus making the best of finite resources. Therefore it becomes significant to understand how
consumers make brand/product decisions Which are critical for brand managers, especially
in conditions where there are many brands in the market competing for the same customers.

A Brand must express and reinforce the underlying values and personality of the
product or service it represents. A Brand is a set of expectations and a promise that those
expectations will be met. The execution of the brand strategy must be devised to apply a
specific style, tone and image that reflects the brand's core values and attributes on a
consistent basis.

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These brand attributes are designed to build an emotional connection with the customer
and influence how customers perceive, understand and interact with a business. Evolving
brand strategy comprises the creation. Growth requires transition to customer-centric brand
marketing; building a brand platform that is iconic, experience driven, creates a story, installs
core valves, answers customer needs, delivers on brand promises and values customer
insights.

Effectiveness is measured by the ability of the brand to influence every customer interaction
by disrupting the status quo and adding value to every customer experience. Marketing has
had two roles in companies. The first is to influence customer demand using the marketing
mix toolkit. The second is to take a leadership role in helping companies develop a stronger
focus on customers- to create a customer orientation. Out of several brand aspects, the brand-
customer relationship (Asker,1995) dimension has been the focal point of this research.

A Brand is the perception of value that a customer believes he receives in purchasing a


particular product, service or experience from a particular organization. Consequently, a great
brand effectively retains customers while simultaneously attracting new ones.

Branding is the process by which companies distinguish their product offerings from
competition. Hence it is vital for organizations to establish a healthy and purposeful
consumer-brand relationship. This can be achieved by building strong customers centric
brands. As economic challenges and pressures for businesses mount, marketing teams are
faced with major decisions.

While widespread consumer anxiety results in dwindling business, marketing budget


allocations are hit by cutbacks and marketers face the challenge of better market
performance in a restricted economy.

Investment and organizational objectives have been reframed. While retention of


market share appears to be biggest through, equally important is to continue to build the
product or services customer base and avoid losing brand value during constrained times.

The need of the hour is to reorganize brand portfolios, rethink spending approaches,
generate more fine-grained customer insights, overhaul pricing and segment management and
segment management and restructure sales, service, and channel strategies. Better brand
positioning and appropriate use of Technological tools enables shrinking the budgets for
marketing resource allocation. The challenges and complexities of the modern marketplace
make efficient and effective marketing an imperative.

The concept of brand equity has been put forth as a means to focus marketing efforts. The
businesses that win in the twenty-first century will be those that have marketers who
successfully build, measure, and manage their brands. Marketing has had two roles in
companies. The first is to influence customer demand using the marketing mix toolkit. The
second is to taken a leadership role in helping companies develop a stronger focus on
customers-to creates a customer orientation. Out of several brand aspects, the brand customer
relationship( Asker, 1995) dimension has been the focal point of this research study.

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Brand awareness is a dominant factor in purchasing choices:


Employing brand awareness as a shopping guide is a strategy applied by consumers in order
to save time and effort Which, when dealing with an unknown brand, they would devote to
comparing the products in relation to other attributes, such as quality, packaging and price,
brand awareness may be therefore interpreted as cognitive simplification. Purchasing choices
are made by reference to such simplification, especially when the product is cheap and easily
disposable (food, hygienic and everyday- use products).

Relying on brand awareness is a frequent tactical decision made when buying a product for
the first time. When marketing subsequent purchases the consumer focuses on the product’s
practical attributes, such as quality, functionality, tests or fragrance. Bread awareness has a
stronger impact on the subsequent purchasing choices, if the product once tried out fulfilled
the consumer’s expectations.

The attributes of the same product are more significant in the subsequent purchasing
decision, especially when the products from which the consumer can choose differ
significantly from each other in relation to criteria to which the he/she attaches great
importance. This is why it is vital to understand which product properties matter to the
consumer. This requires additional research.

Good brand recall has a number of desirable effects:


The recall of one brand blocks off the other brands from the range of alternatives in which
the consumer makes his/her selection, within a set of familiar brands consumers pick the ones
better known to them, especially if they cannot see any special difference between the
competing offerings, good brand recall forms the basis for a clear and attractive brand image,
brand recall coupled with high customer satisfaction levels translates into customer loyalty.

How to measure brand awareness?


In order to measure brand awareness we ask the respondents to name all the brands which
he/she associated with a given product category. Then we ask him/her to pick from a list the
brands he/she recognizes. As a result we obtain three brand recall indicators.

Spontaneous brand recall:


The brands named by the consumer himself/herself. These are the ones from among which
the consumer chooses when buying the product of a given category. Spontaneous brand recall
thus defines the consumer’s selection range.

Top -of-mind recall: ( “The most remembered and recalled brand”):

The brand first named by the consumer himself/herself. This brand is attributes the highest
valve when choosing which product to buy the consumer will probably pick a product of this
brand. The strength of the consumer's emotional link with the brand is better reflected by the
brand named first then by spontaneous recall.

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Aided recall:
Recognition of a given brand among other. The spontaneous recall means that the consumer
remembers the brand, whereas the aided recall shows that the consumer is only able to
recognize it (“has heard about it/has seen it"). Aided recall indicates a weak link to the brand
on the part of the consumer.

Brand awareness is a measure of the effectiveness of a company's marketing activity.


However, one has to be aware of the limitations of such a measure, because consumers also
perceive a brand through the prism of factors beyond the company’s direct control, e.g.
recommendation by other consumers.

Brand awareness is a starting point for customer satisfaction and loyalty


studies
Customer satisfaction is measured as satisfaction both with various attributes of the same
product and with the customer's experience with the company. High brand recognition
translates into customer loyalty. Customer loyalty is stronger if the customers positive
associations with the brand and the knowledge they had about a product before their first
contact with it have been confirmed and strengthened with the first purchase.

The strength of the consumer's emotional link with the brand is better reflected by the brand
named first then by spontaneous recall. High brand satisfaction and it’s presence in the
consumer's range of spontaneous recall translate into his/her loyalty-he/she is more willing to
buy other products of the same brand.

Brand awareness is the lowest level of brand recall. This is where the brand recall
continuum begins, expending from simple brand recognition to having complex cognitive
structure constructed on the basis of detailed information concerning the brand.

The set of associations and facts about a brand is the direct result of a company's marketing
activity, but also of other factors beyond the company’s direct control, e.g. recommendations
by after product users. The process of building brand image among customers or consumers
should be methodically performed and monitored by the company’s marketing department.

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CHAPTER 4
ANALYSIS
AND INTERPRETATION
OF DATA

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Chapter-4
Analysis and interpretation of data
TABLE 1:
Respondents have a bike

Particulars Number of Respondents Percentage


Yes 65 65%
No 35 35%
Total 100 100%

Percentage
70

60

50

40 Percentage

30

20

10

0
yes no

Source:- field survey

Analysis:-
The above chart represents 65% of respondents have a bike and remaining 35% not using
bike.

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Interpretation:-
Hence, it can be inferred as the majority of respondent purchasing bikes.

TABLE 2:

Respondents consider to features of purchasing bike

Particulars Number of Respondents Percentage


Brand 17 17
Millage 33 33
Comfort 30 30
Designing 20 20
Total 100 100%

Percentage
35

30

25

20 Percentage

15

10

0
Brand Millage Comfort Designing

Sources:- field survey

Analysis:
The Above chart reveals that 33% respondents considered mileage,30% comfort,20%
designing and 17% brand to preference is given.

Interpretation:

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Hence it can be inferred as the majority of customer consider to mileage of bike.

TABLE 3:

Attraction of respondents towards hero bikes.

Particulars Number of Respondents Percentage


Designing 28 28%
Full efficiency 37 37%
Price 25 25%
Low Maintenance 10 10%
Total 100 100%

Percentage
40

35

30

25
Percentage
20

15

10

0
Designing Full Efficency Price Low maintenance

Source:- field survey

Analysis:
The above chart give details that the survey depicts that the respondents are aware of
motor bike is 40%, compare to other two wheeler like scotties/moped is 32% and scooter is
28%.

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Interpretation:
Hence, it can be inferred as the majority of respondents considered motor bikes.

TABLE 4:

Respondents respond towards two wheelers.

Particulars Number of Percentage


Respondents
Motor bike 40 40%
Scotty 32 32%
Scooters 28 28%
Total 100 100%

Percentage
45

40

35

30

25 Percentage

20

15

10

0
Motor bike Scooty Scooters

Source:- field survey

Analysis:
The above chart represents the 40% of the respondents attracted by special offers , 25%
respondents attracted by festival gifts, 23% cash discount remaining 12% other marketing
schemes attracts.

Interpretation:

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A STUDY ON BRAND AWARENESS TOWARDS UDAYA HERO MOTORS LTD

Hence, it can be inferred as the majority of respondents attracted by special offer.

TABLE 5:

Marketing schemes attracted by the respondents.

Particulars Number of Percentage


Respondents
Special Offer 40 40%
Cash Discount 23 23%
Festival gifts 25 25%
Others 12 12%
Total 100 100%

Percentage
45

40

35

30

25 Percentage

20

15

10

0
Special Offers Cash Discounts Festival gifts Others

Source:- field survey

Analysis:
The above chart reviews that 37% respondents attracted by full efficiency, 28% attracts in
design, 25% price and 10% of low maintenance cost.

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Interpretation:
Hence, majority of the respondents will attracts most by full efficiency features of hero
bike.

TABLE 6:
Response towards after sales services.

Particulars Number of Respondents Percentage


Excellent 32 32%
Good 40 40%
Average 18 18%
Poor 10 10%
Total 100 100%

Percentage
45

40

35

30

25 Percentage

20

15

10

0
Excellent Good Average Poor

Source:- field survey

Analysis:
The chart shows that major source of information through after sales service of hero
Motors is 40% good responded 32% excellent , and 18% average, 10% poor response after
sales service.

Interpretation:

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A STUDY ON BRAND AWARENESS TOWARDS UDAYA HERO MOTORS LTD

Hence, almost all respondent choice to good in after sales service of hero Motors.

TABLE 7:
Response towards pre-sales service.

Particulars Number of Percentage


Respondents
Excellent 24 28%
Good 30 30%
Average 36 36%
Bad 10 10%
Total 100 100%

Percentage
40

35

30

25
Percentage
20

15

10

0
Excellent Good Average Bad

Source:- field survey

Analysis:
The above chart reviews that 36% average response to pre- sales service and 30% good
response, 24% excellent response and 10% bad response towards pre-sale service.

Interpretation :

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A STUDY ON BRAND AWARENESS TOWARDS UDAYA HERO MOTORS LTD

Hence, it can be inferred as majority of customer considered average pre-sales service


provided by hero motors.

TABLE 8:
Sources of finance for owning the bike.

Particulars Number of Percentage


Respondents
Bank Loan 31 31%
Self finance 30 30%
Finance company 23 23%
Any others 16 16%
Total 100 100%

Percentage
35

30

25

20 Percentage

15

10

0
Bank loan Self finance Finance company Any others

Source:- field survey

Analysis:
The above chart reveals that 31% respondents depends on bank loan for owning the bike,
30% respondents depends on self finance, 23% respondents depends on financial company
and 16% other sources of finance.

Interpretation:

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A STUDY ON BRAND AWARENESS TOWARDS UDAYA HERO MOTORS LTD

Hence, it can be inferred that, Source of finance for most of the respondents depends on
bank loan .

TABLE 9:
Response towards service of motor bike.

Particulars Number of Percentage


Respondents
Show room 71 71%
Road Mechanics 29 29%
Total 100 100%

Percentage
80

70

60

50
Percentage
40

30

20

10

0
Showroom Road mechanics

Source:- field survey

Analysis:
The above chart reviews that that 71% respondents servicing their bike at showroom and
remaining 29% servicing their bike and road mechanics.

Interpretation:

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A STUDY ON BRAND AWARENESS TOWARDS UDAYA HERO MOTORS LTD

Hence, It can be inferred as the majority of respondents satisfied showroom servicing of


their motor bike.

TABLE 10:
Respondents visit the service centre.

Particulars Number of Percentage


Respondents
1 Month 23 23%
2 Month 22 22%
3 Month 35 35%
4 Month 20 20%
Total 100 100%

Percentage
40

35

30

25
Percentage
20

15

10

0
1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month

Source:- field survey

Analysis:
The above chart reviews that 35% of respondents visit once in three months and 23% for
one month, 22% for two months and 20% for four months to visit the service centre.

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Interpretation:
Hence, the chart interpret that once in three months respondents visiting the service centre.

TABLE 11:
Rating the company performance.

Particulars Number of Percentage


Respondents
Excellent 26 26%
Good 47 47%
Average 27 27%
Total 100 100%

Percentage
50
45
40
35
30
Percentage
25
20
15
10
5
0
Excellent Good Average

Source:- field survey

Analysis:
The above chart reviews that, 47% of respondents preferred to good and 27% of excellent
and 26% of average are consider for safety, quality and performance.

Interpretation
Hence, as compared to average and excellent, good is maximum percentage for safety,
quality and performance.

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TABLE 12:
Respondents choose brand among other brand.

Particulars Number of Percentage


Respondents
Design 40 40%
Price 12 12%
Features of Products 14 14%
Position of the Brand in 34 34%
the market
Total 100 100%

Percentage
40
30
20
10
0 Percentage
ts t
sig
n ice uc ke
De Pr d ar
ro em
ofp th
es in
tur nd
a ra
Fe e b
th
of
on
siti
Po

Source:- field survey

Analysis:
The above chart reviews that, 40% respondents attracted by design of the brand compared
to other brand and 34% position of brand in the market , 14% features of the product and
12% price to be considered.

Interpretation:

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Hence, most of the respondents prefers design of the brand.

TABLE 13:
Opinion about servicing time.

Particulars Number of Percentage


Respondents
Quick 32 32%
In –Time 45 45%
Delay 23 23%
Total 100 100%

Percentage
50
45
40
35
30
Percentage
25
20
15
10
5
0
Quick In-Time Delay

Source:- field survey

Analysis:
The above chat shows that, 45% of respondents stated that the hero company gives in-time
servicing of bike and 32% of quick service and 23% of delay service.

Interpretation:

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Hence, it can be inferred as the majority of respondents satisfied by in-time servicing.

TABLE 14:
Top speed of hero bike noticed by respondents.

Particulars Number of Percentage


Respondents
70 KMPH 28 28%
80 KMPH 26 26%
90 KMPH 28 28%
100 KMPH 18 18%
Total 100 100%

Percentage
30

25

20
Percentage
15

10

0
70KMPH 80KMPH 90KMPH 100KMPH

Source:- field survey

Analysis:
The above chart shows that top seep which was noticed that 28% of respondents are noticed
that top seep of hero bike is 70kmph and 90kmph, 26%of respondents are noticed that the
top seeped of the hero bike is 80kmph and 18% of respondents are noticed that the top speed
of the hero bike is 100kmph.

Interpretation:

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Hence, it can be inferred as the majority of respondents noticed 70kmph and 90kmph the
top speed of the hero bike.

TABLE 15:
Opinion about quality of hero Motors.

Particulars Number of Percentage


Respondents
Excellent 26 26%
Good 36 36%
Average 30 30%
Bad 08 08%
Total 100 100%

Percentage
40

35

30

25
Percentage
20

15

10

0
Excellent Good Average Bad

Source:- field survey

Analysis:
According to the above chart 36% of the respondents feels that quality of product is good,
30% of the respondents feels average and 26% of the respondents feels excellent and 8% of
respondents feels poor quality of hero Motors.

Interpretation:

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Hence, majority of the respondents feels that quality of the hero motors is good

TABLE 16:
Opinion of the respondents for owning the branded product.

Particulars Number of Respondents Percentage


Yes Always 50 50%
Never 15 15%
Only when quality is important 18 18%
Rarely 17 17%
Total 100 100%

Percentage
60

50

40
Percentage
30

20

10

0
Yes Average Never Only when quality is important Rarely

Source:- field survey

Analysis:
The above chat shows that, 15% of respondents prefers always branded products, 18% of
respondents purchase the product only when quality is important, 17% of respondents rarely
prefers the branded product and 15% of respondents never prefer the branded products.

Interpretation :

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Hence, the majority of respondents always prefers the branded products.

TABLE 17:
Opinion of the respondents believe the product about endorsed by favourite celebrities.

Particulars Number of Percentage


Respondents
Yes 65 65%
No 35 35%
Total 100 100%

Percentage
70%

60%

50%

40% Percentage

30%

20%

10%

0%
Yes No

Source:- field survey

Analysis:
The above chart reviews that, 65% of respondents by the product which is endorsed by
their favourite celebrities and 35% of respondents not prefers the products which are
endorsed by the celebrities.

Interpretation:

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Hence, majority of the respondents believe the product which is endorsed by their favourite
celebrities.

Table 18:
Opinion about respondents.

Particulars Number of Percentage


Respondents
Product from bigger companies with 16 16%
wider distribution
Product from companies with good 31 31%
warranty after sales services
Product from local companies with 15 15%
better price and slightly lesser quality
Product belonging to companies with 38 38%
good brand image
Total 100 100%

Percentage
40
35
30
25
20
15
10 Percentage
5
0
e
e
on

ty

ric

ag
an
uti

im
rp
rr
rib

wa

tte

d
an
ist

be
od

br
rd

ith
go

od
de

W
ith
wi

go
W
ith

ith
W

Source:- field survey

Analysis:
The above chart reviews that, 38% of respond to product belonging to companies with good
brand image, 31% opinion about product from companies with good warranty after sales
service and 16% response product from bigger company with wider distribution, 15% of
respondents response product from local companies with better price and slightly lesser
quality.

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Interpretation:
Hence, majority of the respondents of prefer product belonging to companies with good
brand image.

TABLE 19:
Opinion toward company sponsorship helps to build a strong brand.

Particulars Number of Percentage


Respondents
Yes 80 80%
No 20 20%
Total 100 100%

Percentage
90

80

70

60

50 Percentage

40

30

20

10

0
Yes No

Source:- field survey

Analysis:
The above chart reviews that, 18% of respondents believe in companies sponsorship helps
to build a strong brand and remaining 20% respondents not believe in sponsorship.

Interpretation:
Hence, majority of the respondents believe in companies sponsorship helps to build a
strong brand.

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TABLE 20:
Respondents response to trust in our products.

Particulars Number of Percentage


Respondents
Yes 69 69%
No 10 10%
Can’t Say 21 21%
Total 100 100%

Percentage
80

70

60

50
Percentage
40

30

20

10

0
Yes No Cant say

Source:- field survey

Analysis:
The above chart shows that, 69% respondents trust in hero products, 21% respondents can't
say about product and any 10% of respondents are not trust in hero products.

Interpretation:
Hence, it can be inferred as the majority of Customers has trust in hero products.

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CHAPTER 5

FINDINGS,
SUGGESTIONS

AND

CONCLUSION

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CHAPTER-5

FINDINGS, SUGGESTIONS AND CONCLUSION

FINDINGS:
 From the study it is found that most of the people prefer millage giving bikes
 The study shows that 40% of the respondents expressed their view that the after
sales service of udaya hero motors is good.
 Though there are more number of buyers there are only limited number of
respondents are satisfied with respect to full efficiency, special vehicle of the
vehicle.
 For most of the respondent advertisement given by the celebrities is the reason for
their purchase of bikes.
 Most of the respondents are satisfied with the good quality of the vehicle.
 The study shows that respondents are satisfied with the top speed of the vehicle.
 Large number of customers purchasing decision is depending upon the design of
the vehicle. But not depend upon the brand of the vehicle.
 Almost all the respondent are satisfied in-time service of the showroom.
 Finding shows that majority of respondents have trust in udaya hero motors
showroom.
 Most of the respondent preferred good brand image of the vehicles.
 Based on the safety, quality and performance, udaya motors has got good
percentage of positive response from most of the respondents.
 Only 17% of the respondent consider brand for their purchasing decision.
 Only 24% of respondent are highly satisfied with the pre-sale services where as
36% of respondents are not much satisfied with the pre-sale services.

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SUGGESTIONS:

 Comfort riding of the bike need to be improved.


 The facility or services given to the motorbike should be maximized so that the
selling of the HERO Motor bike can be maximized when compared with Scotty,
moped/ Scotties .
 The vehicle are accepted to have full efficiency cost which makes the customer
feel happy.
 Need to upgrade technology to increase the mileage, which become
competitive advantage to company.
 The number of service station should be increased to get more facilities in the
faster way.
 Need to improve pre-sale services.
 The company fulfilled product demand which increase its brand lines.
 It reveals that the company products are highly competitive compared with other
products.
 Waiting period for the delivery of the vehicle should be reduced.
 UDAYA HERO Motors is youth favorite so, the advertisement and promotions
should be aimed towards them.
 The company has to provide or make aware of the loan schemes and easy
installment schemes and other benefits to customers. In all showroom this
information should be passed.
 The study reveals that there is a need of increase in features of the vehicle.

VIJAYANAGAR,COLLEGE Page 73
A STUDY ON BRAND AWARENESS TOWARDS UDAYA HERO MOTORS LTD

CONCLUSION:

HERO MOTORS Company is one of the top companies in the global level with regarding
all competitive advertisement sand futures. Company is undertaking various quality service
to capture the market. The analysis concludes that potential of this product is very keen in
sales activities and good server of customers in the motorbike.

The company has to come out with according to brand awareness and customers
wants, needs and demand with companies all resources.

Hence company also took place in market with sustainable competitive sales also
acquired with regarding new features and this product also moving in market effectively.

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

BOOKS

Principles of marketing : Philip kilter

JOURNALS AND MAGAZINES

 Indian express
 The Times of India
 CAR and bike International
 Business standard

Website

WWW.google.com

WWW.Interbrand.com

Www.businessweek.com

VIJAYANAGAR,COLLEGE Page 74

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