3/13/2018

Vibrations
BFF3103
ASSOC. PROF. DR AHMAD RAZLAN YUSOFF
Faculty of Manufacturing
Engineering
CO2.1 Analysis the single degree of
freedom system vibration

Today’s Outcomes

Students will be able to:

• Understand the Simple harmonic motion

• Determine the amplitude and phase angle of SHM

• Identify the real and imaginary parts of complex

Number

• Addition of harmonic motion

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Harmonic Motion : Basic Equations

x(t ) = ASin(ωt + θ )
sin (α + β ) = sin α cos β + cos α sin β
x(t ) = A sin ωt cos θ + A cos ωt sin θ

Let, A cos θ = B, A sin θ = C

x(t ) = B sin ωt + C cos ωt

Harmonic Motion : Basic Equations

B 2 + C 2 = A2 sin 2 θ + A2 cos 2 θ = A2
⇒ A = B2 + C 2

C A sin θ C 
= = tan θ ⇒ θ = tan −1  
B A cos θ B

x(t ) = ASin(ωt + θ )

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Harmonic Motion

x(t ) = ASin(ωt + θ )
(
x& (t ) = Aω cos(ωt + θ ) = Aω sin ωt + θ + 90 0 )
( ) (
&x&(t ) = − Aω 2 cos ωt + θ + 90 0 = Aω 2 sin ωt + θ + 180 0 )

Harmonic Motion

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Harmonic Motion

Complex Number Representation

of Harmonic Motion

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Addition of Harmonic Motions

Assume, x1 (t ) = 10 cos ωt and x2 (t ) = 15 cos(ωt + 2 )

x(t ) = A sin (ωt + θ ) = x1 (t ) + x2 (t )

⇒ x(t ) = A(sin ωt cos θ + cos ωt sin θ ) = 10 cos ωt + 15 cos(ωt + 2)

⇒ A(sin ωt cos θ + cos ωt sin θ ) = 10 cos ωt + 15 cos ωt cos 2 − 15 sin ωt sin 2

⇒ sin ωt ( A cos θ ) + cos ωt ( A sin θ ) = cos ωt (10 + 15 cos 2 ) − sin ωt (15 sin 2 )
⇒ A cos θ = −15 sin 2,
A sin θ = (10 + 15 cos 2 )
A2 (sin 2 θ + cos 2 θ ) = (15 sin 2) + (10 + 15 cos 2)
2 2

A2 (sin 2 θ + cos 2 θ ) = (15 sin 2) + (10 + 15 cos 2)

2 2

⇒ A = 14.148

 15 sin 2 
θ = tan −1   = 74.6 0
10 + 15 cos 2 

x(t ) = 14.148 sin ωt + 74.60 ( )

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Complex Number Representation

of Harmonic Motion
r
Vectors in complex X = a + ib

r
Complex Trigonometric form
X = A cos θ + iA sin θ
Y (Imaginary)
Euler’s Identity
r
eiθ = cos θ + i sin θ X = a + ib = Aeiθ
b
e −iθ = cos θ − i sin θ
θ
Amplitude A = a2 + b2 a X (real)
r
X = A(cos θ + i sin θ ) = Aeiθ

Complex Algebra

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Complex Algebra

Product of complex number

Divide of complex number