Project

Quality Management
Tri Joko Wahyu Adi, Ph.D

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Tri Joko Wahyu Adi
Departemen Teknik Sipil-ITS
Telp. 031-5928797

Lab. Manajemen Proyek Konstruksi

Telp. +62-8113322774
trijoko_w@yahoo.com

Kantor Proyek ITS

Gedung KPA, Plaza dr. Angka Lt.2
031-5994251 ext 1133

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 Satuan Acara Perkuliahan (SAP)
Quality Management
Topik Materi Kuliah Deskripsi
1 Introduction to Quality Management PMBOK
Based on PMBOK Concept of Quality
Management
2 Total Quality Management in Is TQM work well in
Construction Construction
3 Quality Improvement Lean concept, VSM, Six sigma,
BSC
4 Cost of Quality, Return on Quality Cost to assure conformance
product
5 Quality Plan & Assurance in How to implement QP, QA in
construction Construction
6 Quality Improvement Tools & Pareto, Ishikawa, FTA,
Techniques Statistical Process Control
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(SPC)
 Satuan Acara Perkuliahan (SAP)
Quality Management
Topik Materi Kuliah Deskripsi
7 Introduction to Risk Management PMBOK
Based on PMBOK Concept of Risk Management
8 Risk Identification & Assessment Qualitative & Quantitative
Assessment
9 Risk Mitigation & monitoring Risk monitoring & control

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References
• PMI, (2013), A guide to project management
Guideody body of knowledge (PMBOK® Guide) Fifth
edition, Project Management Institute, Inc.

• Rust, R., Zahorik, A.J., Keiningham T.L., (1994), Return

on Quality, Heinemann Singapore

• Kubal, M.T., (1994),Engineered Quality in Construction,

McGraw-Hill,Inc

• Mears, P., (1995), Quality Improvement tools and

techniques, McGraw-Hill, Inc.
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 Metoda Penilaian
• Group Presentasi
– 1 Kelompok 4 Orang
– Setiap topik dikerjakan 2 kelompok
– Setiap kelompok mengerjakan konsep & case study
– Yang dinilai: Konten, PPT, Q&A
– Bobot nilai presentasi 60%

• Ujian tertulis
– Ujian menggunakan standar ujian IAMPI (Quality
Management & Risk Management)
– Bentuk soal Multile choice
– Bobot ujian tulis 40%
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 PART 1

Project Management
Standard

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 IPMA STANDARD & KNOWLEDGE
ICB IPMA
Competence Baseline
Version 3.0

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 APM STANDARD & KNOWLEDGE

Project Management
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Body of Knowledge
Fourth Edition
 PMI STANDARD & KNOWLEDGE

Project Management
Body of Knowledge

PMBOK
® Guide PORTFOLIO
MANAGEMENT
PROGRAM
MANAGEMENT

OTHER
PMBOK p. 13
STANDARDS 10
9 areas Project Management Body of
Knowledge

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Framework
Core areas

Support
areas
The aspects of a project that need to be managed at different
stages of the project lifecycle by using the processes
 PART 1

Quality Management
in PMBOK

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 PMBOK

Project Management Body of

Knowledge (PMBOK)

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 QM in PM
Quality Management
in Project Phase (PMBOK)

Project Management Process Groups

Knowledge Area Planning Executing Monitoring & Closing Process
Initiating
Processes Process Group Process Group Controlling Group
Process Group
Process Group

8. Project Quality Plan Quality Perform Perform

Management (8.1) Quality Quality
Assurance Control (8.3)
(8.2)

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 QM in PM
Overview

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 QM in PM

Quality Management

Quality Quality
Planning Assurance
Determine a plan for Determine if the project is
quality complying with the
organizational (as well as
project) policies and
procedure
The major task is The major task is
preparation for the conducting regular project
quality management audit
plan
Result of the audit is
preventives and corrective
actions
QM in PM
Overview
Quality
Control
Measure spesific project
results (product) against
standards.
The major activity is to
inspect and verify the
project product, defect
repair and measuring
weather the quality
indicator are improving
or not.
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 QM in PM
Gavernmental Standards,
Rules & Guidelines Develop Project
Enterprise Commercial database Quality Project Management Plan Management Plan
Environmental Factors 4.3
Planning (3.2.2.1)
Quality policies, Procedures,
Quality Management Plan Approved Changes Requests
Organizational and Guidelines, lessons learned
Quality Matrics Approved Corrective Actions
Process Assets Knowledge base
Quality Checklists Approved Preventive Actions
Process Improvement plan
Quality Baseline
Project Management Plan (updates)
Scope Definition Project Scope Statement Requested Changes
5.2 Recommended Corrective Actions
(3.2.2.3) Project Management Plan (updates)

Implemented Change Requests

Quality
Aproved Change requests
Implemented Corrective Actions Assurance
Implemented Defect Repair
Implemented Preventive Actions
Work performance Information Quality Control Measurements

Direct & Manage

Project Execution Quality Control measurements
3.2 Quality baseline (updates)
(3.2.3.1) Deliverables Recommended Corective Actions
Recommended preventive Actions
Recommended Defact Repair
Project Management Plan (updates)
Validated Deliverables Integrated Change
Close Project
Organizationals Process Assets
(Updates)
Quality Validated Defect Repair Control
4.7
(3.2.5.1)
Control Requested Changes 4.6 (3.2.4.2)

Project Quality Management Process Flow Diagram 22

 QM in PM
Quality organization
In construction

QA/QC
 QM in PM

Project Quality Team

CLIENT SENIOR REGULATORY

. MANAGEMENT AUTHORITIES

PROJECT
MANAGER

VENDOR/ PROJECT STAFF SUB

SUPPLIER CONTRACTOR
 PART 2

Quality Management
Concept

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 QM Concept

Which one is more qualified?

What make it qualified ??

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 QM Concept

Fitness for use

Customer Conformance
Satisfaction
Quality To Requirement

3 2

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 QM Concept

 Fitness for use (tepat guna)

Hasil layanan/serahan harus memuaskan kebutuhan yang sebenarnya
(Jika satu produk atau layanan mempunyai kapabilitas untuk dapat
digunakan, artinya memenuhi persyaratan dari harapan pelanggan
secara ekonomi)

 Conformance to the requirements (sesuai persyaratan)

Proyek harus menghasilkan apa yang dipersyaratkan dalam spesifikasi
secara tepat/yang pelanggan harapkan.

 Customer/client satisfaction (kepuasan pelanggan)

Produk /layanan sesuai dengan harapan pelanggan dan memberikan
kepercayaan bahwa produk atau jasa yang diberikan memiliki nilai
secara ekonomi)

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Satisfaction process

“Objective”
Expectations
quality

Perceived
quality

Positive/ Neg.
Disconfirmatio
n

Future
Satisfaction
Expectations

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Uncertainty in expectation
Expected Likelihood

Experienced
user

Inexperienced
user

Outcome
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 QM Concept

 Quality :
“the degree to which a set of inherent characteristic
fulfill requirements”

 Grade :
“category assigned to products or services having the
same functional use but different technical
characteristics”

LOW QUALITY is always problem,

LOW GRADE is not necessary a problem

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 QM Concept

Quality Vs Grade??

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 QM Concept

Fitness for use?

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 QM Concept

QM concept in Construction

Conceptual Detailed Construction Operation &

design design phase Maintenance

Deliver what you promise and

only what you promise
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 QM Concept

Time
Time
Quality

Proc.
Contract Cost
Cost
Quality Quality

Quality
Manag.

Scope Comm.
Scope Comm.
Quality Quality

HRD
HRD
Quality

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 PART 3

Total Quality
Management (TQM)

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 TQM

Total Quality Management

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 TQM

Purpose of TQM
• The primary purpose of TQM is to achieve
excellence in customer satisfaction
through continuous improvements of
products and processes by the total
involvement and dedication of each
individual who is in any way, a part of that
product/process (Ahmed 1993).
 TQM

Principle of TQM
1

2 5

3 4
 PART 4

Cost of Quality

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 TQM

Return on Quality
Loyal New Customers
Customers Comes from
Competitors

Market
Share

Go to other
competitors 41
 Cost of Q

Cost of Quality

 The total costs incurred by investment in preventing

nonconformance to requirements, appraising the product or
service for conformance to requirement (rework)

 Failure cost are often categorized into internal and external.

Failure cost are also called cost of poor quality

 There are three types of costs that are incurred:

Prevention costs, appraisal costs, and failure costs

Pito Sumarno 42
 Cost of Q

QM: Prevention rather than

Inspection
 Cost of Q

COQ Model

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Cost of Q

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 PART 5

Quality Improvement

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 Q Imprv.

Quality Improvement

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 TQM

P D

A C

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 Value Stream Mapping (VSM)

Planning tool to optimize results of

eliminating waste

Current state VSM future state VSM

Lean =
+ +
Basics

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VSM Process

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 QM Concept

QI: Six Sigma

• Six Sigma is a quantitative statistical measurement meaning
fewer than four defects per million oopportunities. Performing
at the Six Sigma level means that products and processes
satisfy the customer 99.9997% of the time

• Six Sigma includes:

• Measure of Quality
• Process of continuous improvement : DMAIC (improve
existing process and product) and DFSS (New design
process & product – Design For Six Sigma)
• Enabler for culture change.

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 Seberapa besar Standard Deviasi
memenuhi spesifikasi
1s

2s

3s

4s

5s

6s
LSL USL

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 QM Concept

QI: Balance Score Card

• BSC adalah sebagai alat manajemen, suatu sistem pengukuran dan
juga sistem manajemen kinerja, yang mampu membantu berbagai
organisasi untuk merencanakan, memfokus, dan mengelola
strateginya (Jeny Marmen).

• Kata “Balanced” (berimbang) berarti adanya keseimbangan diantara

4 perspektif yang mencakup:
1. Perspektif Keuangan (Financial)
2. Perspektif Pelanggan (Customer)
3. Perspektif Proses Bisnis Internal (Internal Business Process )
4. Pembelajaran dan Pertumbuhan (Learning and Growth)

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Balance Score Card Perspectives

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 PART 6

Quality Management
Planning

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 1
Quality Planning

“Define quality standard”

“Build quality in”

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 Quality Planning

Identifying which quality standards are relevant to the project and

determining how to satisfy them

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Critical to Quality (CTQ)

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 Quality Planning

Project Quality Plan

1. Organization policy
2. Roles & responsibilities
3. Deliverables & milestones
4. Project management methods
5. Standards for monitoring & control
purposes
6. Process reviews
7. Major check points
8. Inspection & acceptance criteria
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 PART 7

Quality Assurance
(QA)

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 2
Quality Assurance

“Doing the right things”

“Doing things better”

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 2
Quality Assurance
Applying the planned, systematic quality activities to ensure that the project
employs all processes needed to meet requirement

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 QA

QM Standard
• Manajemen Mutu adalah sutu cara untuk
mengarahkan kegiatan organisasi dilapangan
dengan tujuan untuk mencapai mutu hasil kerja
seperti yang telah ditetapkan berdasarkan:

– Standar produk (misal: spesifikasi)

– Standar proses (misal: metoda kerja)
– Standar sistem (misal: ISO 9000)

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 QA

ISO9000: QA Pyramid
 QA

Quality Audit
Independent review to determine whether project activities
comply with organizational and project policies, processes,
and procedures.
The objectives of quality audit :
• Identify all good/best practices being implemented
• Identify all gaps/shortcomings
• Share the good practices introduced or implemented in
similar projects in the organization and/or the industry
• Proactively offer assistance in a positive manner to improve
implementation of processes to help the team raise
productivity
• Highlight contributions of each audit in the lessons learned
repository of the organization

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 PART 8

Quality Control
(QC)

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 3
Quality Control

“Producing the right result”

(fitness for use & conformance to
requirement)

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 3
Quality Control
In PM, quality control means making sure things are done
according to the plans, specifications, and permit
requirements.

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 QC

Project quality Inspector

• One of the best ways to assure good construction
projects is to use an inspector.

• The first step an inspector should take is to become

familiar with the plans, specification, and permit
requirements and, equally important, to have some
“common sense” for design, construction and safety

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Source: www.youtube.com 71
 QC

Aspek Quality Control

• Mutu pekerjaan harus dikendalikan agar selalu masuk dalam

toleransi keberterimaan
• Mutu yang lebih rendah dari persyaratan , akan menambah
cost untuk perbaikan .
• Mutu yang lebih tinggi dari persyaratan , juga akan
menambah biaya ( material / proses ) .
• Inti dari manajemen mutu , adalah mengurangi terjadinya
kegagalan mutu ( perbaik-an/penolakan pekerjaan )

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 PART 9

Quality Control Tools

& Techniques

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 QC

Quality control Tools

• Quality control tools digunakan untuk
mengidentifikasi permasalahan kualitas dan
melihat potensi peningkatan kualitas
(improvement).

• Berikut adalah beberapa quality tools yang

sering digunakan:

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QC

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