Journeys Booklet

Units 1 - 6

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 Unit One
Can We Help?
 Vocabulary and Definitions
Word Definition
Organization A group of people who form a business, a club, etc together in order to achieve
a particular aim
Fund An amount of money that has been saved or has been made available for a
particular purpose
Amnesty A decision by a government that allows political prisoners to be free.
Borders The line that divides one country from another
Disasters Great harm, damage or death, or serious difficulty
Vital necessary
Supplies An amount of something that is available for use
Conflict Fighting between two or more groups of people or countries
Respond To say or do something
Distribute To give something out to several people
Worth To be important or interesting enough to receive a particular action
Worthwhile Useful, important or good enough to be a suitable reward for the money or time
spent or the effort made
Nightmare A very upsetting or frightening dream
Heartbreaking Causing extreme sadness
Experience Knowledge or skill from doing, seeing or feeling things
Casualty A person injured or killed in a serious accident or war
Donation When money or goods are given to help a person or organization
Routine A usual or fixed way of doing things
Volunteer A person who does something, especially helping other people, willingly and
without being forced or paid to do it
Distribution The process of giving things out to several people
Equipment The set of necessary tools, clothing, etc. for a particular purpose
Refugee A person who has escaped from their own country for political, religious or
economic reasons or because of a war
Ordinary Not different or special or unexpected in any way
Emergency Something dangerous or serious, such as an accident.
Survivor A person who continues to live, despite nearly dying
Relief A feeling of happiness that something unpleasant has not happened
Break down If a machine or vehicle breaks down, it stops working
Catch on Become popular/fashionable
Cut off Stop the supply of water, power
Fall out Argue/stop being friendly with someone
Go back on Not do something you said you would do
Make up Form somethi ng/be the different parts of something
Set aside Save something often for a particular purpose
Try on Put on an item of clothing to see if it fits

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 Vocabulary Exercises
1) Fill in the gaps with a word from the list [you may need to make some changes]

[organisations - fund – borders – amnesty – disaster – vital – supplies – conflict – respond –

distribute]

1) They announced a general ……....... …….. for crimes committed during the war.
2) The kidney plays a ………………….. role in the removal of waste products from the blood.
3) The organization …………………… food and blankets to the earthquake victims.
4) A transport plane carrying food and medical ………………. is on its way to Somalia.
5) The great play Macbeth tells of a big ………………….between good and evil.
6) For patients who do not ………………… to drug treatment, surgery is a possible option.
7) There are several non-governmental and non-profit ……………………….. offering humanitarian
assistance in the region.
8) There are many environmental ………………………. in many African countries; floods,
earthquakes and many others.
9) The money received is paid directly into a charity………………….
10) Brazil has a common …………………. with most South American countries.

2) Confusing words:
Affect/effect
1) Giving up smoking had a magical ……………. on his stamina.
2) The death of her husband ……………….. her badly.

Worth/ worth while

3) It didn’t seem ………………….. writing all the book out again
4) This book is well …………………. reading.

Injured/insulted
5) Several people were seriously …………………. in the car accident.
6) ‘Do you really expect me to believe that? Don't ……………… my intelligence!’

Damaged/destroyed
7) She may have …………………. her health irreparably.
8) The thieves have ……………………. all the evidences in the crime scene.

Feeling/mood
9) I tried to make him laugh, but he was in no ………………. for jokes.
10) I got the …………….. that he didn’t like me much.

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3) Choose the best answer in the following sentences:
1) Their dream of living in the country turned into a ……………… when they both fell seriously ill.
a) real b) nightmare c) heartbreak d) routine
2) The police said the train was derailed but there were no …………………….
a) reality b) affects c) casualties d) moods
3) The school raised a lot of money for ……………………. that help orphans.
a) charities b) volcanoes c) popular d) survivors
4) ‘Does anyone have any ……………………..—good or bad—that they would like to share with the
group?’
a) helpless b) respond c) experiences d) mood
5) The charity has received over $10 million in ………………………….
a) routines b) donations c) civil d) organisation
6) We all felt we had done something…………………… for the local community.
a) worth b) worthwhile c) worthless d) worthily
7) The charity is appealing for …………………..…….. to take elderly patients to and from hospital.
a) players b) volunteers c) engineers d) conflicts
8) They found themselves in …………………….. over the future of the company.
a) things b) centres c) shelter d) conflict
9) The discovery of the disease among humans was a real …………………
a) distribution b) disaster c) supply d) equipment
10) We loaded the camping ………………………. into the car.
a) tool b) instrument c) equipment d) emergency

4) Put the correct preposition that best completes the following sentences
1) The telephone system has broken ……………………
2) He invented a new game but it never really caught …………………
3) The telephone line was cut ……………… for not paying the phone bill.
4) He left home after falling ……………… with his parents.
5) I know Jenney. She never goes back …………….. her word.
6) Girls make ………….. 56% of the student number
7) Parents normally set ……………. some money to send their children to a private school.
8) What a lovely dress - why don't you try it ……………… for size.
9) Can you find ………….. what time the meeting starts?
10) We still don’t know how the manager would respond ……………. this problem.
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 Grammar Exercises

5) Underline the correct form of the verb

1) My favourite band is releasing/has released a new album tomorrow.

2) How long are you waiting/have you been waiting for the train?
3) He has already done/has already been doing the ironing.
4) Olga has read/reads about half of the reports so far.
5) I think/have thought we are going to the swimming pool later.
6) Michael isn’t having/hasn’t had time to call Barbara yet.
7) At the moment the Prime Minister has been writing/is writing his speech.
8) Josh and Dave play/are playing squash every Saturday.
9) How much does the baby weigh/is the baby weighing?
10) Before stirring the mixture, you add/are adding the eggs.

6) Fill in each gap with the correct form of the verb in brackets. Use the appropriate present
tense:
Lin is a chef, and this is a very important week for her. Lin ……………………… [love] cooking and,
ever since she was a young girl, she ……………………. [make] delicious food
for her family and friends. For the last two years she has been working in the kitchen of
a big hotel. Tomorrow, though, Lin …………………... [open] her own restaurant. It is called
Shanghai. She ………………….. [decorate] the restaurant for months. At the moment, she
………………………….. [arrange] the furniture. All Lin’s friends …………………… [think] the
restaurant is going to be a great success because Lin is an excellent chef and this is something
……………………………. [always/want] to do.

7) Rewrite the following sentences using the words in brackets to give the same meaning

1) I am still looking for Ms. York. [found]

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2) Maggie never stops complaining about her job. [is]
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3) They have arranged to have lunch with Alex at the Golden Dragon tomorrow. [having]
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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4) The last time I watched the news was three days ago. [for]
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5) They started playing cards three hours ago and they are still playing. [been]
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6) I haven’t driven a car for six months. [since]
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7) Lucy rarely has time to go out with her friends these days. [have]
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8) This summer Mark is working in a hotel. [found]
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
9) Jane doesn’t find the tropical climate so unpleasant now. [getting]
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10) Beth went to Dublin and she is still there. [has]
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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 Unit Two

Out of this World?

 Vocabulary and definitions
Word Definition
Phenomenon Something that exists and can be seen, felt, tasted, etc., especially something
which is unusual or interesting
Spooky Strange and frightening
Haunt To cause repeated suffering
Alien Coming from a different country, race, or group; foreign
Deserted If a place is deserted, there are no people in it
Weird Very strange and unusual, unexpected or not natural
Exist To be, to live
Creature Any large or small living thing which can move
Sighting When you see something or someone, especially that is rare or trying to hide
Regions A particular area or part of the world or of the body
Abduct To force someone to go somewhere with you, often using threats or violence
Descent The state or fact of being related to a particular person or group of people who
lived in the past
Tingle To have a feeling as if a lot of sharp points are being put quickly and lightly into
your body
Surface The outer or top part or layer of something
Label Piece of paper or other material which gives you information about the object it
is fixed to
Humanoid A machine or creature with the appearance and qualities of a human
Recommend To suggest that a particular action should be done
Dentures False teeth fixed to a small piece of plastic or similar material, which fits inside
the mouth of someone who does not have their own teeth
Sensation The ability to feel something physically, especially by touching, or a physical
feeling that results from this ability
Interracial Involving different human races
Shoot across Move very quickly over a place
Under pressure When someone tries to make someone else do something by arguing,
persuading
A bit under the To be or feel ill
weather
In common Belonging to or shared by two or more people or things
Poltergeist A spirit or force that moves furniture and throws objects around in a house
Medium A person who says that they can receive messages from people who are dead
Séance A meeting where people try to talk with dead people
Hovercraft Vehicle which flies over land or water by keeping close to the surface and
producing a current of air under it to support it
Psychic Having a special mental ability, for example so that you are able to know what
will happen in the future or know what people are thinking
Unemployed Not having a job that provides money

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Discomfort A feeling of being uncomfortable physically or mentally, or something that
causes this
Hypnosis A mental state like sleep, in which a person's thoughts can be easily influenced
by someone else
Beacon A light or fire on the top of a hill that acts as a warning or signal
Psychiatrist A doctor who is also trained in psychiatry ; the part of medicine which studies
mental illness
Publicise To make information about something generally available
Perceive To come to an opinion about something, or have a belief about something
Influence The power to have an effect on people or things, or a person or thing that is
able to do this
Hydrofoil A large boat which is able to travel quickly above the surface of the water on
wing-like structures
Leak To allow secret information to become generally known
Reveal To make known or show something that is surprising or that was previously
secret
Resident A person who lives or has their home in a place

 Vocabulary Exercises

1) Fill in the gaps with a word from the list [you may need to make some changes]

[phenomena – spooky – haunt – alien – deserted – weird – exist – creatures – sighting –

regions]
1) It got a bit ………………… when James started telling ghost stories.
2) China is one of the densely populated ……………………. in Asia.
3) This is the first ……………………… of this particularly rare bird in this country. No one ever saw it
before.
4) His job is to investigate supernatural …………………... that occur every year at the same time.
5) Thirty years after the fire he is still ……………………. by images of death and destruction.
6) The Browns claim they were abducted in a/an …………………. spacecraft.
7) Scientists are sure that enormous volcanoes ……………………. on Mars.
8) ‘’I dreamt of evil ………………….. who were trying to catch me.’’
9) The coastal villages are ……………………… as there are no tourists came this year.
10) Adult boys and girls often get some …………………. ideas of running away or skipping
school.

2) Confusing words

Machine / engine
1- The plane's ………………….. roared as it prepared for take-off.
2- We've had a new washing ………………….. installed.

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Landscape / scenery
3- The town is charming and the surrounding ………………….. superb.
4- Woods and fields are typical features of the English ………………………

Imaginative / imaginary
5- The story is wholly ………………………...
6- You'll need to be a little more ………………… if you want to hold their attention.

3) Fill in the gaps with a word from the list [you may need to make some changes]

[interracial – sensation – dentures – recommend – humanoid – label – surface – tingle –

descent – abduct]

1) Jane’s family opposed her marriage to Mohammed as they considered it ………………………..

2) The disease causes a loss of ……………………. in the fingers.
3) Remember to clean your ……………….. after you take them out.
4) We'd ………………….. you to book your flight early.
5) Her skin was still ………………….. from the shower.
6) A/An ……………………. is a machine or creature that behaves or acts like man.
7) The plane began its …………………. to Heathrow airport so we had to fasten our seat belt.
8) The kidnapper failed to …………………..the two children who were well hidden.
9) Because of the earthquake, cracks began to appear in the ………………… of the earth.
10) Every box needs to be ………………. before it goes into storage.

4) Fill in the gaps in the following sentences using the prefixes (un- or dis-) with the
following words

[appear – agree – common – advantage – comfortable – employed – fair - honest – lock –

comfort]

1) I tried to…………….. the door, but I couldn’t. Looks like there is something wrong with the key.
2) Some of the patients complained of ………………………. as they don’t have enough sleep
3) I don’t like him, and it would be …………………. of me to pretend otherwise.
4) I don't want to be …………………. to anyone, so you'll all get an equal chance.
5) We're working on a programme to get the long-term ……………………….. back to work.
6) It was an ………………………… situation for everyone. No one felt at ease.
7) It's not …………………….. for people to become ill when they travel.
8) I hope my lack of experience won't be to my ……………………...
9) The only time we sharply …………………… was over the children's education.
10) Her father ……………………… without a trace when she was ten.

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5) Fill in the blanks with the appropriate preposition:
1) During the parade, many planes were shooting ………………….. very quickly.
2) We went ……………. the castle ………………… an iron gate.
3) ………………… the decades, people claim to have seen ghosts.
4) Do you know what UFO stands ………………..?
5) His father warned him that if he stepped …………. of the house once more he would be punished.
6) She was very confused ……………. the fact that she was pregnant, but by time she got used to it.
7) If you feel a bit ……………… the weather, you feel slightly sick and not as well as usual.
8) Our Egyptian football team performs well ……………… pressure.
9) Combine the eggs …………….. a little flour and heat the mixture gently.
10) He pointed ……………. the dangers of driving alone at night but she wouldn’t listen.

6) Choose the best answer from a, b , c or d:

1) She only remembered the details of the accident under ………………………
a) pressure b) psychology c) hypnosis d) unidentified
2) I …………………… a change in his behaviour over those months.
a) received b) archived c) perceived d) disappeared
3) As usual, all ……………………. of the village are welcome to attend the meeting.
a) beacons b) stresses c) descent d) residents
4) She would not ……………….. her true identity to the police.
a) appeal b) appear c) reveal d) perceive
5) The trial of Mubarak and his sons took place amid a blaze of ………………………….
a) public b) publicise c) publicity d) publish
6) The plane was guided by some light ………………………
a) memories b) beacon c) humanoid d) mentions
7) She raised her ……………………… to the distant road across the valley so that she could see her
husband’s car.
a) binoculars b) glasses c) publicity d) aliens
8) A/An …………………… is a doctor who studies and treats mental illnesses.
a) psychologist b) psychiatrist c) psychotic d) psycho
9) She was admitted to hospital suffering from …………………………. caused by stress.
a) sensation b) memories c) dentures d) abduction
10) She had an accident although she ………………………. the crossroads cautiously.
a) approached b) came c) went d) escaped

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 Grammar Exercises

7) Underline the correct from of the verb:

1) Ben didn’t hear/wasn’t hearing the phone because he was outside washing the car.
2) Samantha’s eyes were red because she cried/had been crying.
3) He had listened/was listening to the radio when we arrived.
4) They had only been walking/were only walking for a few minutes when Neil slipped and hurt
his foot.
5) By 2 o’clock I cut/had cut the grass and I was watering the flowers.
6) While I was making breakfast, I burnt/had been burning my hand.
7) The children were listening very carefully because the teacher had told/was telling a story.
8) As soon as the film had finished/had been finishing, we went to bed.
9) When he was a child, he used to swam/swim.
10) They left/had left by the time I got there.

8) Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the past perfect:
1) A: I’m sorry we’re late . we ---------------- (miss) the train.
B: How------------------------- (that/happen)?
A: Well, I ---------------------------- (get) the times wrong and when we ----------------------
(arrive) at the station, the train -------------------- (just/leave).
2) A: ----------------- (you/have) a good meal at Hillary’s?
B: Well no, it ----------------- (be) very embarrassing. When we ------------------ (arrive), we
----------- (know) immediately that she --------------- (forget) about the whole thing.
A: So what ------------------------------- (she/do)?
B: Well, she ---------------------- (pretend) that she---------------------- (not forget) and ---------
(say) that the meal ----------------- (not ready) because she --------------------- (get)
home from work very late.
A: Oh no, how awful!

9- Rewrite the following sentences using the words in brackets to give the same meaning:

1) Sally spoke to Dan for the first time at the party on Sunday night. (Until)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2) We had already started practicing the new song when Colin arrived. (were)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3) Bill didn’t like shopping when he was young. (use)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
4) Audrey worked in Hong Kong for six years before deciding to return to England. (been)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
5) When he was younger, his family went to France every summer. (used)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

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6) As soon as the water started boiling, Eve added the rice. [until]
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
7) The phone rang when Jess was in the bath. [while]
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
8) Phil arrived at work and then realized he hadn’t brought the file with him. [forgotten]
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
9) He didn’t open the door until he had put on his coat. [After]
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
10) She cut her finger, so she put a plaster on it. [had]
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

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 Unit Three
Off the Straight and Narrow
 Vocabulary and Definitions
Word Definition
Shoplifting The illegal act of taking goods from a shop without paying for them
Hold-up When someone steals from someone else using violence or the threat of
violence
Suspect To think or believe something to be true or probable
Fake An object which is made to look real or valuable in order to deceive people
Common The same in a lot of places or for a lot of people
Robbery The crime of stealing from somewhere or someone
Take place Happen
Getaway [n] When someone leaves a place quickly, usually after committing a crime
Response An answer or reaction
Insignificant Not important
Customer A person who buys goods or a service
Community The people living in one particular area
Armed Carrying weapons
Counter Table in a shop, bank, restaurant, etc. at which people are served
Approximately Close to a particular number
Arrest If the police arrest someone, they take them away
Inconvenience A trouble that causes loss of comfort
Threaten To tell someone that you will kill or hurt them
Balaclava A closely fitting covering for the head and neck, usually made from wool
Witness A person who sees an event happening, especially a crime or an accident
Get over Recover from
Track down Find (usually after looking in several places)
Hold up Steal by using violence or the threat of violence
Come forward Offer somebody information, help
Hand over Give something to somebody
Let somebody off Not punish somebody even though they have done something wrong
Break in Enter a building illegally
Get away with Escape with something you have stolen
Charge Formally accuse someone of committing a crime
somebody with
Sentence to (v) To give somebody a punishment
Release from Let someone leave
Arrest for Take someone to the police station and keep them there
Guilty of Decide in court that someone has committed a crime
Eyewitness A person who sees a crime happen
Jury The people from the public who decide if somebody has committed a crime or
not

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 Vocabulary Exercises

1) Fill in the gaps with a word from the list [you may need to make some changes]

[shoplifting – hold-up – suspect – fake – common – robberies – place – getaway – response –

insignificant]

1) There was a ------------------ at the local supermarket with the thieves having guns.
2) The problem may seem -------------------------- but you need to have a deeper look into it.
3) Have you had any -------------------------- to the advertisement yet?
4) Lots of accidents take ----------------------- on this bridge.
5) The two masked men made their ----------------------- in a stolen van.
6) Although we are brothers, we have nothing in -----------------------.
7) The gang admitted they had committed four recent bank ----------------------.
8) We had no reason to -----------------that he might try to kill himself.
9) What do you do if you suspect a customer may be -----------------------------?
10) I can never tell the difference when Sara buys ------------------ designer bags.

2) Fill in the gaps with a word from the list [you may need to make some changes]

[customer – community – armed – counter – approximately – arrest – inconvenience –

threaten – balaclava – witness]

1) Have you ever -------------- the crime? If so, tell us what happened.
2) The gunmen -------------------- to kill him unless he did as they asked .
3) This shop is closed today for staff training. We apologise for any ------------------- caused.
4) The flight to London takes ------------------------- three hours.
5) The most dangerous criminal is now under ----------------------- in London.
6) The two attackers were wearing ------------------------ so as not to be seen or recognised.
7) The goal of the programme is to encourage our local ------------------------ to do some charity.
8) Police officers were heavily --------------------- with guns.
9) There was a line of people waiting at the checkout ----------------------.
10) They are hoping that TV advertising will increase their ------------------------.

3) Fill in the blanks with an appropriate preposition to give meaningful sentences:

1) Most of the problems were due ------------- human errors.

2) The gunman made the cashier hand ------------- all the money in the counter.
3) While standing in the queue, two men ---------------- black asked all of us to get ------------ the floor
and not say a word.

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4) Six bodies were recovered --------------- the plane crash.
5) We would like to apologise ---------------- any inconvenience that might have happened.
6) I was in the bank when one of the customers pointed a gun --------------- my face.
7) I think the problem can be got ----------------- without any difficulty.
8) Her teacher let her go -------------- a warning as it was the first time.
9) Burglars had broken ---------------- our flat while we were away.
10) Thieves got away ---------------- computer equipment worth 30,000.

4) Choose the best answer from a, b, c or d:

1) He was --------------- in broad daylight and all his money was stolen.
a) mugging b) mugger c) mug d) mugged
2) The ------------------ of the court consisted of an architect, a photographer and an artist.
a) jury b) judge c) evidence d) branches
3) The pay phone had been ------------------ and wasn't working.
a) vandal b) vandalised c) vandalism d) vandaled
4) He was imprisoned under ------------------------- of death.
a) jury b) sentence c) eyewitness d) crime
5) The judge has agreed to allow his ----------------------- and the sentence was changed.
a) appeal b) getaway c) escape d) business
6) The six-month-old baby had been ---------------------- by its mother.
a) escaped b) run away c) abandoned d) tracked down
7) To get to Tahrir Square, you can take bus the number 175 bus, which runs at 20- minute ------------
a) prices b) spaces c) intervals d) vehicles
8) We will be looking at many different ---------------- of pollution.
a) particular b) risk c) factual d) aspects
9) I was just sitting there, ---------------- my own business, when a man started shouting at me.
a) looking b) running c) minding d) arresting
10) I was -------------------- like a leaf when I was watching the scary movie.
a) checking b) shaking c ) taking d) swaying

 Grammar Exercises

5) Underline the correct adjectives:

1) The horror film was frightening / frightened.

2) Sarah felt very embarrassed / embarrassing about forgetting her money at home.
3) She was disappointing / disappointed with his latest book.
4) It’s not surprising / surprised you’re hungry if you haven’t eaten anything all day.
5) We were boring / bored because it was raining and there was nothing good on TV.

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6) You should read the article; it’s very interesting / interested.
7) Jamie’s teacher was annoying / annoyed because he had forgotten his homework.
8) Today was very tired /tiring; I had a lot of work to do.
9) He told us an amused/ amusing joke.
10) He gave a surprising / surprised smile when he saw her.

6) Rewrite the following sentences using the words in brackets so that the meaning remains
the same

1) It was such a delicious cake that Robby had three slices. [so]
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- .
2) Everybody thought that the story she told us was very interesting . [in]
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
3) This morning the train wasn’t full, although it usually is. [rather]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- .
4) He fell asleep before the end of the film because it was so long. [such]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- .
5) Lisa was only staying for two days, so she didn’t have much luggage. [lot]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
6) When in London, Dawn always visits that museum, and so does her sister. [both]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
7) Yesterday, my dad forgot to post the letter, and my mum did as well. [parents]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------- .
8) If Tony doesn’t win the race, then I’m sure Eric will. [either]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------.

7) Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1)This area is becoming fashionabler. ---------------------------------------
2)This is the boringest film I’ve ever seen. ---------------------------------------
3)It was the sadest moment of my life. ---------------------------------------
4)That hill is the most high point for miles around. ---------------------------------------
5)As it turned out, I couldn’t have been wronger. ---------------------------------------
6)It’s most expensive to go by train than by bus. ---------------------------------------
7)How much more far is there to go? ---------------------------------------
8)The place looks a bit tidyer now. ---------------------------------------
9)This design is the attractivest of all. ---------------------------------------
10) The weather was getting badder and badder all the time. ---------------------------------------

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 Unit Four
Tomorrow’s World
Vocabulary and Definitions
Word Definition
Rumble To make a continuous low sound
Tailor To make or prepare something following particular instructions
Barely Almost not
Upload To copy or move programs or information to a larger computer system or to the
Internet
Afford To be able to buy or do something because you have enough money or time
Promptly Quickly, without delay
Crash To have an accident
Revise To look at or consider again an idea, piece of writing, etc. in order to correct or
improve it
Rank To arrange things by size, weight, price …etc
Device A machine
Transport When people or goods are moved from one place to another
Entertainment Shows, films, television, or other performances or activities that entertain
people
Mention To speak about something quickly, giving little detail or using few words
Communication The act of dealing with people, things ...etc.
Virtual Describes something that can be done or seen using a computer
Traffic The amount of vehicles moving along roads
Emit To send out a beam, noise, smell or gas
Exhaust To make someone extremely tired
Blog A diary that you put on the Internet for other people to read
Recognition When you know someone or something because you have seen, heard or
experienced them before
Get off to a good Start well
start
Get rid of To remove or throw away something unwanted
Get the sack When someone is removed from their job
Get the message To understand what someone is trying to tell you
Get out of bed on To be in a bad mood and to be easily annoyed all day
the wrong side
Get my own back To do something unpleasant to someone because they have done something
unpleasant to you
Tell apart To be able to see the difference between two very similar things or people
Fall behind To fail to do something fast enough or on time
Care about To look after someone or something
Prevent from To stop something from happening
Catch up To do something you did not have time to do earlier

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 Vocabulary Exercises

1) Fill in the gaps with a word from the list [you may need to make some changes]

[rumble – tailor – barely – upload – afford – promptly – crash – revise – rank – device]

1) Special programmes of study are …………….. to the needs of specific groups.

2) She deals with all the correspondence …………………… and efficiently.
3) I can't go out tonight—I'm ……………………..for tomorrow’s exam.
4) All new cars are now fitted with safety ………………. to make them more secure.
5) He ……………………….. the car into a tree.
6) He was …………………… 25 years old and already running his own company.
7) Can I …………………. these documents onto the company’s website?
8) I couldn't possibly …………………………… to eat in that expensive restaurant.
9) I'm so hungry my stomach's ………………………………….
10) The sales person …………………… the goods in the supermarket in order of size.

2) Fill in the gaps with a word from the list [you may need to make some changes]

[Transport – entertainment – mention – communication – virtual – traffic – emit – exhaust –

blog – recognition]

1) Technology has enabled all internet users to have an online …………………… library where they
can have hundreds of thousands of books.
2) Computers’ automatic ……………………… of handwriting and printed text is an excellent tool.
3) 50 years ago letters were the only means of ………………………………….. between distant
people.
4) You can post anything on a/an …………………. — a message, link, photo or video clip.
5) People said that dangerous gases were …………………… from under the ground.
6) Pollution from car ………………………. is considered a real headache for many
environmentalists.
7) I promised never to ………………………….. the incident to your mother.
8) The car broke down, leaving us without ……………………………………….
9) There's not much in the way of …………………..in this town - just the cinema and a couple of
theaters.
10) ………………………. was held up for six hours by the accident.

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3) Fill in the gaps in the following sentences with an appropriate preposition:
1) A: Could you possibly forget ………………………work for five minutes?
B: Sure, honey.
2) Not all teachers enjoy working …………………..children.
3) He really cares …………………… the environment.
4) He’s fallen ………………….with his school projects again.
5) After missing a term through his illness he had to work hard to catch …………….with the others.
6) They took action to prevent the disease …………………… spreading.
7) They've invited us …………………. for a drink.
8) They are identical twins but I can tell them …………………………..
9) Most of our luggage was transported ………………. Greece.
10) Hurry up or we won’t get ……… the station in time.

4) Fill in each gap with a word from the list to make expressions with ‘get’

[rid – sack – start – wrong – back – message]

1) The new project got off to a good …………………..but then we had a few problems.
2) I never answer his calls and I ignore him every time I see him, so you'd think he'd get the ……….
3) I was glad to get ……………….of my old car when I finally sold it.
4) She got the ………………… after 20 years of service.
5) John has been telling lies, but I will get my own ………..……… one day!
6) Tom seems to be in a very bad mood today. I believe he got out of bed on the …………………..
side this morning.
7) I used weed killer to get ………..…….. of the weeds in the garden.
8) She is in a bad mood today. It looks as if she got out of bed on the ……..….side.
9) We need to get the ………………… across that too much sun is dangerous.
10) Two workers got the ……….…….. for fighting in the warehouse.

 Grammar Exercises

5) Correct the verbs in the following sentences in the correct future tense:
1) ……………………………. (you / do) anything special on Friday evening?
2) Mandy ……………………….. (finish) her exams by this time next week.
3) The train ……………………….. (get) in at 5.15, which means we ……………….. (have) about half
an hour to get to the conference centre.
4) Look out! That boy ………………….. (fall) off his bike!
5) The new sports centre ……………………. (open) next month but I doubt if it
………………………..(complete) by then.
6) The Vice President ……………………. (give) his speech to local community leaders this
evening.

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7) We………………………. (live) in this house for exactly five years next Sunday.
8) Congratulations! We hope you ……………………. (be) very happy together.
9) The play ……………………………. (not start) until 9.30 so I think we ………………………(have)
time to eat something first.
10) ‘Anna looks rather fat these days.’
‘Oh, don’t you know? She …………………………….. (have) a baby.’

6) Put the verb/s into the correct future tense:

1) Don't phone me between 7 and 8. We……………………… (have) dinner then.

2) Phone me after 8 o'clock. We ………………. (finish) dinner by then.
3) Tomorrow afternoon we're going to play tennis from 3 o'clock until 4.30. So at 4 o'clock, we
……………………………….. (play) tennis.
4) A: Can we meet tomorrow afternoon?
B: Not in the afternoon. I …………………………………….... (work).
5) A: Will you be free at 11.30?
B: Yes, the meeting……………………………….. (finish) by that time.
6) Tom is on holiday and he is spending his money very quickly. If he continues like this, he
……………………….. (spend) all his money before the end of his holiday.
7) Chuck came to Britain from the USA nearly three years ago. Next Monday it will be exactly three
years. So on Monday, he………………….. (be) in Britain for exactly three years.
8) Do you think you …………………….. (still/do) the same job in ten years' time?
9) Jane is from New Zealand. She is travelling around Europe at the moment. So far she has
travelled about 1,000 miles. By the end of the trip, she ………………….………….. (travel) more
than 3,000 miles.
10) If you need to contact me, I ………………………… (stay) at the Lion Hotel until Friday.

7) Complete these sentences using the verbs in brackets. All the sentences are about the
future:

1) I'll phone you when I …………………….. (get) home from work.

2) I want to see Margaret before she ……………………… (go) out.
3) We're going on holiday tomorrow. I ………………… (tell) you all about it when we …………….
(come) back.
4) Brian looks very different now. When you ……………….. (see) him again, you ………………….
(not recognise) him.
5) We must do something soon before it …………………………… (be) too late.
6) I don't want to go without you. I ……………………. (wait) until you ……………………. (be) ready.
7) Sue has applied for the job but she isn't very well qualified for it. I ………………… (be) surprised if
she …………………………. (get) it.
8) I'd like to play tennis tomorrow if the weather …………………….. (be) nice.
9) I'm going out now. If anybody ………………… (phone) while I …………………….. (be) out, can
you take a message?
10) When we …………………………… (finish) the report, we ……………………….(print) it out.

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 Unit Five
Thinking Green – Naturally!
Vocabulary and Definitions
Word Definition
Habitat The natural environment in which an animal or plant usually lives
Reproduce When living things reproduce, they produce young
Species A set of animals that are similar
Thrive To grow, develop or be successful
Adaptable Able or willing to change in order to suit different conditions
Extinct No longer exists
Average A standard or level which is considered to be typical or usual
Significantly In a way that is easy to see or by a large amount
Environmentalists A person who is interested in or studies the environment and who tries to
protect it from being damaged by human activities
Vast Extremely big
Incidents An event which is either unpleasant or unusual
Logging The activity of cutting down trees for wood
Consequences A result of a particular action or situation
Drain If you drain something, you remove the liquid from it
Expanse A large, open area of land, sea or sky
Chiefly Mainly
Vulnerable Able to be easily physically, emotionally, or mentally hurt,
Territory Land or sometimes sea, which is connected with a particular country or person
Ecosystems All the living things in an area and the way they affect each other and the
environment
Ripple A small wave on the surface of water
Benefit A helpful or good effect, or something intended to help
Trend A general development or change in a situation or in the way that people are
behaving
Unspoilt Still pure and in its natural state
Mining The industry or activity of removing substances such as coal or metal from the
ground by digging
Flood To cause to fill or become covered with water
Cut down To make a tree or other plant fall to the ground by cutting it near the bottom
Die out To become less common and finally stop existing
Fall through To fail to happen
Get across To manage to make someone understand or believe something
Keep up with If someone or something keeps up with someone or something else, they do
whatever is necessary to stay level or equal with that person or thing
Take over To get control of something
Global warming A gradual increase in world temperatures caused by polluting gases such as
carbon dioxide
Solar power Energy created by using the heat and light from the sun
Natural A supply of something that a country, an organization or a person has and can
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Resources use, especially to increase their wealth.
Acid rain Rain which contains large amounts of harmful chemicals as a result of burning
substances such as coal and oil
Power station A factory where electricity is produced
Fossil fuels Fuels such as gas, coal and oil, which were formed underground from plant
and animal remains millions of years ago

 Vocabulary Exercises

1) Fill in the gaps with a word from the list [you may need to make some changes]

[habitat – reproduce – species – thrive - adaptable - extinct - average – significantly –

environmentalists – vast]

1) He's clearly ……………………. in his new job. He got promoted after 3 months only.
2) Most reptiles ……………………. by laying eggs on land.
3) He wasn’t a very intelligent student. He was just an/a ……………………sort of student.
4) Your decision will ………………………… affect your future.
5) All…………………… are very much concerned about nature and want to improve and protect.
6) There is a/an ……………… amount of endless information available online.
7) The area is rich in different plant ……………………...
8) The numbers of these animals have been falling steadily and they are now almost …………..
9) The moorland is an important ……………………… for many rare bird species.
10) Older workers can be as …………………. and quick to learn as anyone else.

2) Fill in the gaps with a word from the list [you may need to make some changes]

[incidents – logging – consequences – drain – expanse – chiefly – vulnerable – territory –

ecosystem – ripple]

1) You must accept the full ………………. of your actions.

2) His bad behaviour was just an isolated ……………………. We are sure it won’t be repeated.
3) Pollution can have disastrous effects on the delicately balanced ........................
4) I ……………………… off all the excess water on the swimming pool.
5) She stood looking out over the flat ……………………… of fields.
6) We must protect the most ………………… species of animals in the world especially pandas.
7) There are reports of heavy fighting in the disputed …………………….
8) The stone she threw caused .................. to spread across the lake.
9) He’s travelled a lot around the world, ………………… in Africa and Asia.
10) …………………….. brings lots of money for farmers who live in the forest.

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3) Fill in the gaps with an appropriate preposition:

1) Who is responsible ................. this terrible mess?

2) This year saw an increase ...................... the number of job applicants.
3) The reason ...................... the disaster was engine failure, not human error.
4) It has been suggested that mammals took .................. dinosaurs 65 million years ago.
5) This decision could have serious consequences ............... the industry.
6) I’m trying to cut ..................... my expenses as I want to buy a new car.
7) Dinosaurs died ................. millions of years ago.
8) Don't worry about me, I can take care ............ myself
9) There are very few pandas ............... the world.
10) A lot of her unhappiness is due ............. boredom.

 Grammar Exercises

4) Complete the sentences using one of the following words. Use a/an where necessary

[accident – biscuit – blood – coat –– electricity – key – letter –– music – question – sugar]
1) It wasn't your fault. It was ...................
2) Listen! Can you hear .........................?
3) I couldn't get into the house because I didn't have .....................
4) It's very warm today. Why are you wearing ....................?
5) Do you take ................... in your coffee?
6) Are you hungry? Would you like ................. with your coffee?
7) Our lives would be very difficult without .........................
8) I didn't phone them. I wrote ............... instead.
9) The heart pumps ..................... through the body.
10) Excuse me, but can I ask you ...........................?

5) Choose the correct answer in the following sentences

1) 'Did you hear (noise/a noise) just now?' 'No, I didn't hear anything.'
2) a. If you want to know the news, you can read (paper/a paper).
b. I want to write some letters but I haven't got a paper/any paper to write on.
3) a. I thought there was somebody in the house because there was (light/a light) on inside.
b. (Light/A light) comes from the sun.
4) A. I was in a hurry this morning. I didn't have(time/a time) for breakfast.
B. 'Did you enjoy your holiday?' 'Yes, we had (wonderful time/a wonderful time).'
5) Sue was very helpful. She gave us some very useful (advice/advices).
6) We had (very good weather/a very good weather) while we were on holiday.
7) We were very unfortunate. We had (bad luck/a bad luck).
8) It's very difficult to find a (work/job) at the moment.
9) Our (travel/journey) from London to Istanbul by train was very tiring.
10) When the fire alarm rang, there was (total chaos/a total chaos).

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6) Put in ‘a,’ ‘an’ or ‘some’ where necessary

1) I've seen ................. good films recently.

2) What's wrong with you? Have you got ................. headache?
3) I know a lot of people. Most of them are .............. students.
4) When I was ................ child, I used to be very shy.
5) Would you like to be .............. actor?
6) Do you collect .............. stamps?
7) What ............... beautiful garden!
8) ............... birds, for example penguins, cannot fly.
9) I've been walking for three hours. I've got ................ sore feet.
10) I don't feel very well this morning. I've got .............. sore throat.

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 Unit Six
Winning Attitudes
 Vocabulary and definitions
Word Definition
Superbowl The American football final
Honour A quality that combines respect, being proud, and honesty
Balance A state where things are of equal weight or force
Positive Hopeful and confident, or giving cause for hope and confidence
Optimistic Hopeful; believing that good things will happen in the future
Hardship Very difficult or unpleasant
Determination The ability to keep trying to do something
Determine To make a strong decision
Overcome To defeat or succeed in controlling or dealing with something
Difficulty When something is not easy to do or understand
Amputate To cut off a part of the body
Shin The front part of your leg between your knee and your foot
Upset To make someone worried, unhappy or angry
Attempt When you try to do something, especially something difficult
Strength The ability to do things that need a lot of physical or mental effort
Athlete A person who is very good at sports or physical exercise
Athletics The general name for a particular group of competitive sports, including
running, jumping and throwing
Efficiency When someone or something uses time and energy well, without wasting any
Stamina The strength that makes it possible to do something diffic ult or tiring for long
periods of time
Willpower The ability to control your own thoughts and actions in order to achieve your
goal
Sprinter An athlete who runs in races such as the 100-metre race
Emphasise To show or state that something is very important or worth giving attention to
Excel To be extremely good at something
Outstanding Excellent; clearly very much better than what is usual
Quality How good or bad something is
Exploit To use something for advantage
Make a fortune Make a large amount of money
Decade A period of ten years
Confidence The quality of being certain of your abilities
Achieve To succeed in finishing something or reaching an aim
Inspire To make someone feel that they want to do something and can do it
Thrill To make someone feel very excited and pleased
Motivation The need or reason for doing something
Graduate (from) To complete school, college or university correctly
Obtain To get something, especially by asking for it
Doctorate He highest degree from a university
Lethargic Having little energy; feeling unwilling and unable to do anything
Prediction When you say what will happen in the future
Mansion A very large expensive house
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Find out about To get information about something because you want to know more about it
Spectator Viewer; audience
Relay To repeat something you have heard
Trainer A person who teaches skills to people; coach
Build up To increase or become larger or stronger

 Vocabulary Exercises

1) Fill in the gaps with a word from the list [you may need to make some changes]

[balance – positive – optimistic – hardship – determine – overcome – efficiency – amputate –

shin - difficulty]

1) Try to have a ......................... attitude towards your work colleagues.

2) He's very .................... about his chances in his new job.
3) The new Egyptian president is facing a lot of economic, social, and environmental ................. that
he has to overcome.
4) It is difficult to ........................... the exact cause of the illness.
5) Several fire-fighters were able to ......................... the smoke and fumes coming from the burning
house.
6) Tom fell off his bike and badly scraped his ..................................
7) Her right arm became infected and had to be ................................
8) I had little ........................ in persuading the others to come.
9) With children, it is important to achieve the right ...................... between love and discipline.
10) I give you my word of....................... I will not forget what I owe you.

2) Fill in the gaps with a word from the list [you may need to make some changes]

[stamina – willpower – inspire – emphasise – excel – outstanding – quality – exploit –

confidence – achieve]

1) She thought that her youth and inexperience are being ……………… by her manager.
2) After her trip to Venezuela, she felt …………………… to learn Spanish.
3) The president’s speech …………………… the importance of attracting industry to Egypt.
4) She’s always …………………… in foreign languages.
5) She's one of their most …………………..young players in the team.
6) It's hard to find people with the right …………………….. for the job.
7) I'm no good at losing weight. The trouble is, I've no ………………………..
8) It takes a lot of ……………………….. to run a marathon.
9) My ……………………….. went completely after my first mistake in the presentation.
10) If you are married, you have to …………………… balance between work and family life.

3) Word formation; fill in the blanks with the correct derivative from the words in brackets:

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1) I've learned not to make ………………. about the weather. [predict]
2) This book is …………………. to parents. [dedicate]
3) Repairs are necessary to ………………… the bridge. [strong]
4) He speaks ………………….. English.[excel]
5) She was full of …………………………. to achieve her goals.[determine]
6) She is an ………………………… secretary. [efficiency]
7) The team feels …………………… of wining the Superbowl. [confidence]
8) The newly ………………….. couple left for their honeymoon in Spain.[marriage]
9) She thanked the staff for their… …….….. and enthusiasm. [dedicate]
10) She's sure to get the job she wants - she's a very …………… person. [determine]

4) Choose the correct answer from a , b, c or d:

1) She …………………injury to win the Olympic gold medal.

a) survived b) overcame c) set d) exploited
2) Being famous, gave him the ability to …………………. His fame by getting free tickets to the
concert.
a) raise b) tire c) shin d) exploit
3) Only 12 of the 140 passengers ………….……….the plane crash.
a) survivors b) survived c) survivals d) surviving
4) Stan's dad died, leaving his mother to ……………….. three sons alone.
a) rise b) raise c) arise d) arouse
5) I’ve bent over …………………….. to help, but he refused rudely.
a) backwards b) forward c) towards d) inwards
6) The minister's admission turned out to be a spectacular ……………………. goal.
a) own b) score c) player d) ball
7) He's extremely competitive and a………………..loser.
a) safe b) bad c) sporting d) hardship
8) You will need to ………………………. permission from the principal.
a) raise b) determine c) obtain d) excel
9) Both companies will benefit a lot from the meeting. It’s a win ………………… situation.
a) win b) lose c) goal d) excellent
10) It was the end of the exam and the teacher gave me the ………………… chance to revise my
exam paper.
a) sports b) sporting c) sport d) sporty
11) Play …………….. keep out of the sun in the middle of the day.
a) save b) well c) safe d) quick
12) He was ………………………… that the same mistakes would not be repeated.
a) exploited b) raised c) determined d) strengthened
13) The match ended in a ……………….. 3/3 for both teams.
a) draw b) relay c) whistle d) degree
14) He quickly …………………. this news to the other members of staff.
a) relied b) relayed c) relieved d) lied
15) The police are waiting for the doctor to issue a death ………………….
a) degree b) certificate c) doctorate d) rate

 Grammar Exercises

27
5) Complete each sentence with one of these verbs:
[answer – apply – be – be – listen – make – see – try – use – wash – work – write]

1) He tried to avoid ………………………. my question.

2) Could you please stop ………………….. so much noise?
3) I enjoy ……………. to music.
4) I considered ……………. for the job but in the end I decided against it.
5) Have you finished …………… your hair yet?
6) If you walk into the road without looking, you risk …………… knocked down.
7) Jim is 65 but he isn't going to retire yet. He wants to carry on ………………..
8) I don't mind you …………..……. the phone as long as you pay for all your calls.
9) Hello! Fancy ……………… you here! What a surprise!
10) I've put off …….. the letter so many times. I really must do it today.
11) What a stupid thing to do! Can you imagine anybody …………….. so stupid?
12) Sarah gave up ………………. to find a job in this country and decided to go abroad.

6) Put the verbs in brackets into the Infinitive or the gerund form:
1) He’s promised …………….. (deliver) it to me in the afternoon.
2) I’ve invited Mark and Anna…………………… (stay) for the weekend.
3) I don’t mind ………………….. (stay) at home to look after the children.
4) Has she decided ………………. (take) that job.
5) He’s always complaining about ……………………… (work) too hard.
6) He claims …………………. (be) her brother but I think he’s lying.
7) Why are you blaming me for ………… (get) lost? You’ve got the map.
8) We don’t believe in …………………… (buy) each other big presents.
9) I know you don’t approve of ………………….. (smoke) so I won’t smoke in here.
10) The doctor told me …………………. (stay) in bed but it’s so boring.
11) Don’t keep on ………………. (talk) about it. It’s upsetting me.
12) It’s raining outside. Would you prefer ……………………….. (stay in)?
13) My boss told me ……………………. (not leave) the office before five.
14) It’s very nice here but I miss …………………….. (see) my friends.
15) I regret …………………… (not keep) in touch with my old friends.

7) Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form:

Dear Ms Walters,

Thank you for your application for the diploma in tourism but I regret …………… (inform) you that
this course is now full. Should you wish ……………… (take) the course elsewhere, I would advise
you ……………. (apply) to Central College. They started ……………. (run) a course in tourism a
year ago and I would recommend you …………………. (consider) ……………….. (enroll) on that
course rather than …………………(wait) another year to do a course here. If you would prefer
………………. (wait) for this course, then I would encourage you ………….. (try) ………………..
(find) some work related to tourism so that you can start ………………. (acquire) some relevant
experience.

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