CBSE

Class–12 Subject Chemistry

NCERT Exemplar Solutions
Chapter 9
Coordination Compounds

Long Answer Type

46. Using crystal field theory, draw energy level diagram, write electronic configuration
of the central metal atom/ion and determine the magnetic moment value in the
following:

(i) [CoF6]3–, [Co(H2O)6]2+ , [Co(CN)6]3–

(ii) [FeF6]3–, [Fe(H2O)6]2+, [Fe(CN)6]4–

Ans. (i) [CoF6]3-

Electronic cnfiguration: Co3+= [ Ar ] 3d6

Energy level diagram :

Magnetic moment :

Number of unpaired electrons (n) =4

Magnetic moment = =4.9 BM

[Co(H2O)6]2+

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Electronic configuration: Co2+= [ Ar ]3d7

Energy level diagram:

Magnetic moment: Since ,number of unpaired electrons (n) =3 ,

therefore magnetic moment = =3.87 BM

[Co(CN)6]3-

Electronic configuration: [ Ar ] Co3+=3d6

Energy level diagram

No unpaired electrons so diamagnetic

Magnetic moment = zero

(ii) [ FeF6 ]3-

Electronic configuration : Fe3+= [Ar}3d5

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Energy level Diagram

Number of unpaired electrons =5

=5.95 BM

[Fe(H2O)6]2+

Fe2+= [ Ar ] 3d6

Magnetic moment

Since , number of unpaired electrons (n) =4 , therefore magnetic moment is-

=4.9 BM

[Fe(CN)6]4-

Electronic configuration: Fe2+= [Ar] 3d6

Energy level diagram

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Since CN- is strong field ligand , it forces all the electrons to get paired up

Magnetic moment.

In the absence of unpaired electrons it behaves as diamagnetic ( ie. no magnetic behaviour ).

So magnetic moment = zero

47. Using valence bond theory, explain the following in relation to the complexes given
below:

[Mn(CN)6]3–, [Co(NH3)6]3+, [Cr(H2O )6]3+ , [FeCl6]4–

(i) Type of hybridisation.

(ii) Inner or outer orbital complex.

(iii) Magnetic behaviour.

(iv) Spin only magnetic moment value.

Ans. [Mn(CN)6]3-

electronic configuration is Mn3+= [ Ar]3d4 , hence box electronic structure -

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(i) Type of hybridisation d2sp3

(ii) Inner orbital complex

(iii) Paramagnetic, due to presence of three unpaired electrons.

(iv) spin only magnetic moment is calculated using the formula: n(n+2), where n is the
number of unpaired elecrons

therefore , substituting the value of n = 2 in this case , we get spin only magnetic moment in
BM as = =2.87 BM

[CO(NH3)6]3+

Electronic configuration of Co3+= [ Ar]3d6

(i)hyb As shown in the above box electronic structure the type of hybridisation is ........ d2sp3

(ii) Inner orbital complex

(iii) Diamagnetic

(iv) Zero ( since no unppaired electrons are present , as depicted above )

[Cr(H2O)6]3+

(i)Type of hybridisation .............. d2sp3

(ii) Inner orbital complex

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(iii) Paramagnetic

(iv) 3.87 BM

[Fe(Cl)6]4–

Electronic configuration is of Fe2+ = [ Ar ] 3d6

Box electronic configuration

(i) Type of hybridisation ........ sp3d2

(ii) Outer orbital complex

(iii) Paramagnetic

(iv) 4.9 BM

48. CoSO4Cl.5NH3 exists in two isomeric forms ‘A’ and ‘B’. Isomer ‘A’ reacts with AgNO3

to give white precipitate, but does not react with BaCl2. Isomer ‘B’ gives white

precipitate with BaCl2 but does not react with AgNO3. Answer the following questions.

(i) Identify ‘A’ and ‘B’ and write their structural formulas.

(ii) Name the type of isomerism involved.

(iii) Give the IUPAC name of ‘A’ and ‘B’.

Ans. (i) 'A' is [Co(NH3)5SO4]Cl

'B' is [Co(NH3)5Cl]SO4

(ii) Type of isomerism is Ionisation isomerism

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(iii) IUPAC Name of Isomer 'A' is Pentaamminesulphatocobalt (III) chloride

IUPAC Name of Isomer 'B' is Pentaaminechlorocobalt(III) sulphate

49. What is the relationship between observed colour of the complex and the
wavelength of light absorbed by the complex?

Ans. Certain wavelengths of visible light is absorbed when it falls over the complex. Higher
the crystal field splitting of the complex , lower will be the wavelength of light absorbed by
it. The observed colour of complex is the complimentary colour generated from the
wavelengths of visible light left over.

50. Why are different colours observed in octahedral and tetrahedral complexes for the
same metal and same ligands?

Ans. The colour in coordination compounds is readily explained in terms of crystal field
theory. It is noteworthy that in tetrahedral coordination entity formation, the d orbital
splitting is inverted and is smaller as compared to the octahedral field splitting.So the d-d
electrons transition energies differ. This holds good even when the complex is formed with
same metal and same ligands and metal-ligand distances. .

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