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◎ Chapter 5
F Coordination
Compounds
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Syllabus
Coordination compounds - Introduction,
ligands, coordination number, colour,
magnetic properties and shapes, IUPAC
nomenclature of mononuclear
coordination compounds.
Bonding, Werner’s theory, VBT, and CFT;
structure and stereoisomerism,
importance of coordination compounds
(in qualitative analysis, extraction of
metals and biological system).
§ 2024 SQP
Question 1
(a) Write the formula for the following
coordination compound
Bis(ethane-1,2-diamine)
dihydroxidochromium(III) chloride
(b) Does ionization isomer for the following
compound exist? Justify your answer.
Hg[Co(SCN)4]
(c) Is the central metal atom in coordination
complexes a Lewis acid or a Lewis base?
Explain.
A Answer ¥ Set 1, 3 Marks
(a) [Cr(en)2(OH)2]Cl or
[Cr(H2NCH2CH2NH2)2(OH)2]Cl
(b) No, ionization isomers are possible by
exchange of ligand with counter ion only and
not by exchange of central metal ion.
(c) The central atom is electron pair acceptor so it
is a Lewis acid.
Question 2
Crystal field splitting by various ligands
Metal complexes show different colours due to
d-d transitions. The complex absorbs light of
specific wavelength to promote the electron from
2
t g to e g level. The colour of the complex is due to
the transmitted light, which is complementary of
the colour absorbed.
The wave number of light absorbed by different
complexes of Cr ion are given below:
Wavenumber of Energy of light
Complex light absorbed
absorbed (cm )
−1
(kJ/mol)
3−
[CrA6] 13640 163
3+
[CrB6] 17830 213
3+
[CrC6] 21680 259
3−
[CrD6] 26280 314
Question 5
Using valence bond theory, predict :
(a) Hybridisation
of central
3+ metal atom of the
complex Co (NH3)6 .
(b) Its shape and magnetic behaviour.
(c) Whether it is a high spin or a low spin
complex. [Atomic number : Co = 27 ]
A Answer ¥ Set 1, 3 Marks
2 3
(a) d sp
(b) Octahedral, diamagnetic
(c) Low spin complex
Question 6
Which type of isomerism is exhibited by the given
complex?
Pt (NH3)2 Cl2
(a) Optical isomerism
(b) Geometrical isomerism
(c) Ionisation isomerism
(d) Coordination isomerism
A Answer ¥ Set 2, 1 Marks
(b) Geometrical isomerism
Question 7
Write IUPAC name of the given complex :
Co (NH3)5 Cl Cl2
What is the secondary valency of Co in this
complex?
A Answer ¥ Set 2, 2 Marks
Pentaamminechloridocobalt(III)chloride
Six /6
Question 8
Which type of isomerism is shown by the given
complex?
3+
[Co(en)3]
(a) Coordination isomerism
(b) Optical isomerism
(c) Linkage isomerism
(d) Ionisation isomerism
A Answer ¥ Set 3, 1 Marks
(b) Optical isomerism
Question 9
Oxidation state of central metal atom in the given
complex is :
Co (NH3)4 (H2O)2 Cl3
(a) +2 (b) +3 (c) +1 (d) +4
A Answer ¥ Set 3, 1 Marks
(b) +3
Question 10
(a) Why is ZnSO4 salt white in colour?
(b) Write IUPAC name of the given complex :
K2 Ni(CN)4
[ Question (a) is of Chapter 4. Due to change in question
pattern and chapter-wise marks weightage, CBSE often
merges questions from different chapters in a question.
Beware of such patterns. ]
Question 12
How many hydrate isomers are possible of the
complex with the formula CrCl3 · 6H2O ?
(a) Six
(b) Four
(c) Three
(d) Two
A Answer ¥ Set 1, 1 Marks
(c) Three
Question 13
Write the IUPAC names of the following
coordination compounds :
+
(i) [CoBr
2 (en)2 ]
(ii) K3 Co C2O4 3
A Answer ¥ Set 1, 2 Marks
(i) Dibromidobis-(ethane-1,2-diamine)cobalt (III)
(ii) Potassium trioxalatocobaltate(III)
OR
What is spectrochemical series ? What is the
difference between a strong field ligand and a
weak field ligand?
A Answer ¥ Set 1, 2 Marks
Ligands can be arranged in a series in the order of
increasing field strength / Series based on the
absorption of light by complexes with different
ligands.
Weak field ligand
∆o < P
Does not favour the pairing of electrons in d
orbitals
Strong field ligand
∆o > P
Does favour the pairing of electrons in d orbitals
Question 14
(a) Write the hybridisation and magnetic
character of the following complexes :
4−
(i) [Fe(CN)6]
3−
(ii) [CoF
6 ]
(iii) Ni(CO)4
[Atomic number : Fe = 26, Co = 27, Ni = 28 ]
A Answer ¥ Set 1, 3 Marks
2 3
(i) d sp , diamagnetic
3 2
(ii) sp d , paramagnetic
3
(iii) sp , diamagnetic
OR
3+
(1) Write the electronic configuration of Fe on
the basis of crystal field theory when it forms
an octahedral complex in the presence of (i)
strong field ligand, and (ii) weak field ligand.
[Atomic number : Fe = 26 ]
2−
(2) NiCl4 is paramagnetic while Ni(CO)4 is
diamagnetic. Why?
A Answer ¥ Set 1, 3 Marks
5 0
(1) (i) Strong field ligand : t2geg
3 2
(ii) Weak field ligand : t2geg
−
(2) Cl is a weak field ligand and does not pair the
2+
electrons in Ni ions while CO is strong field
ligand and pair up the electrons of Ni.
§ 2023 56(B) March
Question 15
The coordination number of Ag in [Ag(NH3)2]Cl
(a) 3 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 4
A Answer ¥ Set 1, 1 Marks
(c) 2
Question 16
Amongst the following, the most stable complex
is :
(a) Fe(C2O4)3]3 (b) FeCl6]3
(c) Fe(H2O)6] 3+
(d) Fe(NH3)6] 3+
Question 20
Assertion (A) : Low spin tetrahedral complexes
are rarely observed.
Reason (R) : Crystal field splitting energy is less
than pairing energy for tetrahedral complexes.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true
and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of
the Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true,
but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of the Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
A Answer ¥ Set 1, 1 Marks
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and
Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
Question 21
Assertion (A) : EDTA is used to determine
hardness of water.
Reason (R) : EDTA is a bidentate ligand.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true
and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of
the Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true,
but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of the Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
A Answer ¥ Set 2, 1 Marks
Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
Question 22
In coordination compounds, metals show two
types of linkages, primary and secondary. Primary
valencies are ionisable and are satisfied by
negatively charged ions. Secondary valencies are
non-ionisable and are satisfied by neutral or
negative ions having lone pair of electrons.
Primary valencies are non-directional while
secondary valencies decide the shape of the
complexes.
(i) If PtCl2 · 2 NH3 does not react with AgNO3,
what will be its formula ?
(ii) What is the secondary valency of [Co(en)3] ?3+
OR
OR
2
(iii) dsp , diamagnetic
§ 2023 56/2 All Sets
Question 23
The oxidation state of Fe in [Fe(CO)5] is
(a) +2 (b) 0 (c) +3 (d) +5
A Answer ¥ Set 1, 1 Marks
(b) 0
Question 24
The formula of the complex dichloridobis
(ethane –1, 2-diamine) platinum (IV) nitrate is
(a) [PtCl2(en)2(NO3)2]
(b) [PtCl2(en)2] (NO3)2
(c) [PtCl2(en)2(NO3)]NO3
(d) [Pt(en)2(NO3)2]Cl2
A Answer ¥ Set 1, 1 Marks
(b) [PtCl2(en)2] (NO3)2
Question 25
Write the IUPAC names of the following :
(i) [Co(NH3)5(ONO)] 2+
(ii) K2[NiCl4]
OR
3 2
sp d , paramagnetic.
Question 27
What is the secondary valency of Cobalt in
+
[Co(en2)Cl2] ?
(a) 6 (b) 4 (c) 2 (d) 8
A Answer ¥ Set 2, 1 Marks
(a) 6
Question 28
Which of the following ligands is an ambidentate
ligand ?
(a) CO (b) NO2 (c) NH3 (d) H2O
A Answer ¥ Set 3, 1 Marks
(b) NO2
Question 29
The formula of the complex Iron (III)
hexacyanidoferrate (II) is
(a) Fe2[Fe(CN)6] 3
(b) Fe4[Fe(CN)6] 3
Question 31
Which of the following species is not expected to
be a ligand ?
+
(a) CO (b) NH4 (c) NH3 (d) H2O
A Answer ¥ Set 1, 1 Marks
+
(b) NH4
Question 32
Which of the following is the most stable complex
species ?
(a) [Fe(C2O4)3] 3−
(b) [Fe(CN)6] 3−
Question 33
Case based Question
Coordination compounds are widely present in
the minerals, plant and animal worlds and are
known to play many important functions in the
area of analytical chemistry, metallurgy, biological
systems and medicine. Alfred Werner’s theory
postulated the use of two types of linkages
(primary and secondary), by a metal atom/ion in
a coordination compound. He predicted the
geometrical shapes of a large number of
coordination entities using the property of
isomerism. The Valence Bond Theory (VBT)
explains the formation, magnetic behaviour and
geometrical shapes of coordination compounds.
It, however, fails to describe the optical properties
of these compounds. The Crystal Field Theory
(CFT) explains the effect of different crystal fields
(provided by the ligands taken as point charges)
on the degeneracy of d-orbital energies of the
central metal atom/ion.
Answer the following questions :
(i) When a coordination compound NiCl2 . 6 H2O
is mixed with AgNO3 solution, 2 moles of AgCl
are precipitated per mole of the compound.
Write the structural formula of the complex
and secondary valency for Nickel ion.
(ii) Write the IUPAC name of the ionisation isomer
of [Co(NH3)5(SO4)]Cl.
(iii) Using Valence Bond Theory, predict the
geometry and magnetic nature of :
(1) [Ni(CO)4]
(2) [Fe(CN)6] −3
OR
(iii) Give reasons :
(1) Low spin tetrahedral complexes are not
formed.
(2) [Co(NH3)6] is an inner orbital complex
3+
complex.
[Atomic number : Co = 27, Ni = 28]
A Answer ¥ Set 1, 4 Marks
(i) Ni (H2O)6 Cl2, 6
(ii) Pentaamminechloridocobalt(III)sulphate
(iii) (1) Ni(CO)4 → tetrahedral, diamagnetic
3−
(2) [Fe(CN)6] → octahedral, paramagnetic
OR
Question 34
Which of the following complexes is a ’chelate’
complex ?
3+ 3+
(a) Co (NH3)6 (b) [Co(en)3]
+ 3−
(c) Co (NH3)4 Cl2 (d) [CoF6]
A Answer ¥ Set 2, 1 Marks
3+
(b) [Co(en)3]
Question 35
Optical isomerism is not shown by the complex
+
(a) [Co(en)2Cl2] (trans form)
+
(b) [Co(en)2Cl2] (cis form)
3−
(c) [Cr(ox)3]
3+
(d) [Cr(en)3]
A Answer ¥ Set 2, 1 Marks
+
(a) [Co(en)2Cl2] (trans form)
Question 36
Which of the following is a polydentate ligand ?
(a) NH3 (b) H2N − CH2 − CH2 − NH2
4− 2−
(c) EDTA (d) C2O4
A Answer ¥ Set 3, 1 Marks
4−
(c) EDTA
Question 37
Which of the following coordination compounds
exhibits linkage isomerism ?
(a) Co (NH3)3 Cl3
(b) Co (NH3)5 (CO3) Cl
(c) Co (NH3)5 NO2 (NO3)2
(d) [Co(en)3] Cl3
A Answer ¥ Set 3, 1 Marks
(c) Co (NH3)5 NO2 (NO3)2
§ 2023 56/4 All Sets
Question 38
[Co(NH3)5NO3]SO4 and [Co(NH3)5SO4]NO3
exhibit :
(a) linkage isomerism
(b) ionization isomerism
(c) optical isomerism
(d) coordination isomerism
A Answer ¥ Set 1, 1 Marks
(b) ionization isomerism
Question 39
What type of isomerism is shown by the following
pair of complex compounds ?
[Co(NH3)6] [Cr(CN)6] and [Cr(NH3)6] [Co(CN)6]
(a) Linkage isomerism
(b) Hydrate isomerism
(c) Coordination isomerism
(d) Ionization isomerism
A Answer ¥ Set 2, 1 Marks
(c) Coordination isomerism
Question 40
The compounds
[Cr(H2O)6]Cl3
[Cr(H2O)5Cl]Cl2 · H2O and
[Cr(H2O)4Cl2]Cl · 2 H2O exhibit :
(a) Linkage isomerism
(b) Geometrical isomerism
(c) Ionization isomerism
(d) Hydrate isomerism
A Answer ¥ Set 3, 1 Marks
(d) Hydrate isomerism
Question 41
The crystal field splitting energy in tetrahedral
crystal field (∆ t ) is equal to :
4 9 4
(a) ∆o (b) ∆o (c) ∆o (d) 2∆o
9 4 3
A Answer ¥ Set 3, 1 Marks
4
(a) ∆o
9
Question 42
In which of the following does the central atom
exhibit an oxidation state of +3 ?
(a) K2 Ni(CN)4 (b) K4 [Fe(CN)6]
3− 2+
(c) Fe C2O4 3 (d) Cu (NH3)4
A Answer ¥ Set 1, 1 Marks
3−
(c) Fe C2O4 3
Question 43
In which of the following does the central atom
exhibitan oxidation
state of +4 ?
2+
(a) K2 Ni(CN)4 (b) Cu (NH3)4
2+
(c) Pt (NH3)2 Cl2 (d) [Pt(en)2Cl2]
A Answer ¥ Set 2, 1 Marks
2+
(d) [Pt(en)2Cl2]
Question 44
Write IUPAC names of the following coordination entities
2+
(a) [Co(NH3)4Cl(NO2)]Cl (b) [PtCl2(en)2]
A Answer ¥ Set 1, 2 Marks
(a) Tetraamminechloridonitrito-N-cobalt(III) chloride
(b) Dichloridobis(ethane-1,2-diamine)platinum(IV) ion
Question 45
Write IUPAC names of the following coordination entities
(a) [Cr(NH3)3(H2O)3]Cl3 (b) K3[Al(C2O4)3]
A Answer ¥ Set 2, 2 Marks
(a) Triamminetriaquachromium (III) chloride
(b) Potassium trioxalatoaluminate (III)
Question 46
Write IUPAC names of the following
2+
(a) [Co(en)2(H2O)(CN)] (b) [Ni(NH3)6]Cl2
A Answer ¥ Set 3, 2 Marks
(a) aquacyanidobis(ethane-1,2-diamine)cobalt(III) ion
(b) hexaamminenickel(II) chloride
Question 47
Answer any three of the following questions :
3−
(a) Explain the type of hybridization in [Fe(CN)6] on the basis of
valence bond theory. (Given : Atomic number of Fe = 26 )
2−
(b) NiCl4 is paramagnetic while Ni(CO)4 is diamagnetic though
both are tetrahedral. Why?
(c) Name the type of isomerism when ambidentate ligands are attached
to central metal ion. Give one example of ambidentate ligand.
2+
(d) Draw the geometrical isomers of [PtCl2(en)2] ion.
2 3
Hence hybridization is d sp
−
(b) Cl being
a weak
2− field ligand does not cause pairing of electrons and
hence NiCl4 is paramagnetic while CO being
a strong field ligand
causes pairing of electrons therefore Ni(CO)4 is diamagnetic.
− − −
(c) Linkage isomerism. Example, CN /NO2 /SCN
(d)
cis trans
§ 2023 56/5 All Sets
Question 48
Assertion (A) : Trans [CrCl2(ox)2] 3–
shows
optical isomerism.
Reason (R) : Optical isomerism is common in
octahedral complexes involving didentate ligands.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true
and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of
the Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true,
but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of the Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
A Answer ¥ Set 1, 1 Marks
Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
Question 49
Assertion (A) : EDTA is a hexadentate ligand.
Reason (R) : EDTA has 2 nitrogen and 4 oxygen
donor atoms.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true
and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of
the Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true,
but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of the Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
A Answer ¥ Set 2, 1 Marks
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true
and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of
the Assertion (A).
Question 50
Assertion (A) : [Co(NH3)5 SO4]Cl gives a white
precipitate with silver nitrate solution.
–
Reason (R) : The complex dissociates to give Cl
2−
and SO4 ions.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true
and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of
the Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true,
but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of the Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
A Answer ¥ Set 3, 1 Marks
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
Question 51
(a) Which of the following species cannot act as a
− +
ligand? Give reason. OH , NH4 , CH3NH2, H2O
(b) The complex Co (NH3)5 (NO2) Cl2 is red in
colour. Give IUPAC name of its linkage isomer.
A Answer ¥ Set 1, 2 Marks
+
(a) NH4 , Due to the unavailability of lone pair of
electrons / cannot act as a Lewis base.
(b) Pentaamminenitrito-O-cobalt (III)chloride
Question 52
(a) On the basis of crystal field theory write the
5
electronic configuration for d ion with a
strong field ligand for which ∆0 > P.
(b) [Ni(CO)4] has tetrahedral geometry while
[Ni(CN)4] has square planar yet both exhibit
2–
dimagnetism. Explain.
[Atomic number : Ni = 28]
A Answer ¥ Set 1, 3 Marks
5 0
(a) t2geg
3
(b) Ni(CO)4 has sp hybridisation
2− 2
Ni(CN)4 has dsp hybridisation
In both, all electrons are paired, which makes
it diamagnetic.
Question 53
(a) On the basis of crystal field theory write the
5
electronic configuration for d ion with a weak
ligand for which ∆0 < P.
(b) Explain [Fe(CN)6] is an inner orbital
3–
Question 54
(a) On the basis of crystal field theory, write the
4
electronic configuration for d with a strong
field ligand for which ∆0 > P.
(b) A solution of [Ni(H2O)6] is green but a
2+
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