Neet Physics Formulas

Physics NEET Physics – PDFs
Physics NEET Formula
PHYSICAL CONSTANTS
➢ Speed of light c = 3 108 m/s

➢ Plank constant h = 6.63 10−34 J s
hc = 1242 eV-nm
➢ Gravitation constant G=6.67 10−11m3kg −1s −2
➢ Boltzmann constant k = 1.38 10−23 J/K
➢ Molar gas constant R=8.314 J/ ( mol K )
➢ Avogadro’s number N A = 6.0231023 mol −1

➢ Charge of electron e = 1.602 10−19 C
➢ Permeability of vacuum 0 = 4 10−7 N / A2
➢ Permittivity of vacuum 0 = 8.85 10−12 F / m
1
➢ Coulomb constant = 9 109 Nm2 / C 2
4 0
➢ Faraday constant F = 96485C / mol

➢ Mass of electron me = 9.110−31 kg
➢ Mass of proton mp = 1.6726 10−27 kg
➢ Mass of neutron mn = 1.6749 10−27 kg

➢ Atomic mass unit u = 1.66 10−27 kg
➢ Atomic mass unit u = 9.31.49 MeV / c 2
➢ Stefan Boltzmann constant  = 5.67 10−8W / ( m2 K 4 )
➢ Rydberg constant R = 1/ 097 107 m−1

➢ Bohr magneton B = 9.27 10−24 J / T
➢ Bohr radius a0 = 0.529 10−10 m
NEET Formula www.vedantu.com 1

➢ Standard atmosphere atm = 1.01325 105 Pa

➢ Wien displacement constant b = 2.9 10−3 mK
MECHANICS
→   
➢ Notation: a = ax i + a y j + az k
→ →
➢ Magnitude: a . a = ax2 + a y2 + az2
→ →
➢ Dot product: a . b = axbx + a y by + az bz = ab cos 
➢ Cross product:
→ →   
a b = ( a y bz − az by ) i + ( az bx − axbz ) j + ( axby − a y bx ) k
→ →
a b = ab sin 
KINETICS
➢ Average and Instantaneous vel. And Accel.:

→ → → →
u av =  r / t , u inst = d r / dt
→ → → →
a av =  u / t , a inst = d u / dt
➢ Motion in a straight line with constant a:

1
v = u + at , s = ut + at 2 , v 2 − u 2 = 2as
2
→ → →
➢ Relative velocity: u A/ B = u A − u B
➢ Projectile Motion:

1
x = ut cos  , y = ut sin  − gt 2
2
g
y = x tan  − 2 x2
2u cos 2 
2u sin  u 2 sin 2 u 2 sin 
T= ,R = ,H =
g g 2g
NEWTONS LAWS AND FRICITION

→ →
➢ Linear momentum: p = m v
➢ Newton’s first law: internal frame
→
dp → → →
➢ Newton’s second law: F = ,F = ma
dt
→ →
➢ Newton’s third law: F AB = − F BA
➢ Frictional force: fstatic, max = s N , fkinetic =  K N
v2 v2  + tan 
➢ Banking angle: = tan  , =
rg rg 1 −  tan 
mv 2 v2
➢ Centripetal force: Fc = , ac =
r r
→ → mv 2
➢ Pseudo force: F Pseudo = −m a 0 , Fcentrifugal = −
r
➢ Minimum speed to complete vertical circle: umin,bottom = 5 gl , umin,top = gl
l cos 
➢ Conical pendulum: T = 2
g
WORK POWER AND ENERGY

→ → → →
➢ Work: W = F . S = FS cos ,W =  F .d S
1 p2
➢ Kinetic energy: K = mv 2 =
2 2m

➢ Potential energy: F = −U / x for conservative forces.

1 2
U gravitational = mgh, U spring = kx
2
➢ Work done by conservative force is path independent and depends only
→ →
on initial and final points:  F conservative .d r = 0 .
➢ Work energy theorem: W = K
➢ Mechanical energy: E=U+K. conserved if forces are conservative in
nature.
W → →
➢ Power: Pav = , Pinst = F . v
t
CENTRE OF MASS AND COLLISION
 xi mi  xdm
1. Centre of mass: xcm = , xcm =
 mi  dm
2. CM of few useful configurations:

➢ m1 , m2 separated by r:
h
➢ Triangle: (CM=centroid) yc =
3
2r
➢ Semi-circular ring: yc =

4r
➢ Semi-circular disc: yc =
3m
r
➢ Hemispherical shell: yc =
2
3r
➢ Solid hemisphere: yc =
s
➢ Cone: the height of CM from the base is h/4 for the solid cone and h/3 for
the hollow cone.
1. Motion of the CM: M =  mi

→ →
→  mi v i → → → F ext
v cm = , p cm = M v cm , a cm =
M M
→ → →
2. Impulse: J =  F dt =  p
3. Collision:
Momentum conservation: m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v '1 + m2v '2
1 1 1
Elastic collision: m1v12 + m2 v2 2 = m1v '12 + m2 v '2
2 2 2
− ( v1' − v2' )  1, completely elastic

= =
v1 − v2 2, completely in-elastic
If v2 = 0 and m1  m2 then v1' = −v1 .

If v2 = 0 and m1  m2 ; v1' = v2 and v2' = v1 .
RIGHT PHYSICS
 d → → →
1. Angular velocity: wav = ,w = , v = w r
t dt
w dw → → →
2. Angular Accel.:  av = , , a = a r
t dt
3. Rotation about an axis with constant  :
1
w = w0 +  t ,  = wt +  t 2 , w2 − w02 = 2
2
4. Moment of inertia: I = i mi ri2 , I =  r 2dm

5. Theorem of parallel Axes: I|| = I cm + md 2
6. Theorem of Perp. Axes: I z = I x + I y
7. Radius of Gyration: k = I / m
→ → → → →
8. Angular momentum: L = r  p, L = I w
→
dL→ → → →
9. Torque: r = r  F , r = , = I 
dt

→ → →
10.Conservation of L : T ext = 0  L = const.
→ → → →
11.Equilibrium condition:  F = 0,  r = 0
1
12.Kinetic energy: K rot = Iw2
2
13.Dynamics:
→ → → → → →
 cm = I cm  , F ext = m a cm , p cm = m v cm
1 1 → → → →
K = mvcm2 + I cm w2 , L = I cm w+ r cm  m v cm
2 2
GRAVITATION
m1m2
1. Gravitation force: F = G
r2
GMm
2. Potential energy: U = −
r
GM
3. Gravitational energy: g =
R2
4. Variation of g with depth: ginside  g 1 − 

h
 R
5. Variation of g with height: goutside  g 1 −

2h 

 R
6. Effect of non-spherical earth shape on g:

gat pole  gat equator ( Re − Rp  21km )
7. Effect of earth rotation on apparent weight: mg' = mg − mw2 R cos2 
GM
8. Orbital velocity of satellite : v0 =
R
2GM
9. Escape velocity: ve =
R
10.Kepler’s laws:
First: elliptical orbit with sum at one of the focus.

Second: A real velocity is constant  d L / dt = 0 

→
 
4 2 3
Third: T 2  a 3 . In circular orbit T 2 = a
GM
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION
❖ Hooke’s Law: F=-kx (for small elongation x)

d 2x k
❖ Acceleration: a = 2
= − x = − w2 x
dx m
2 m
❖ Time period: T = = 2
w k
❖ Displacement: x = A sin ( wt +  )
❖ Velocity: v = Aw cos ( wt +  ) =  w A2 − x 2
1
❖ Potential energy: U = kx 2
2
1
❖ Kinetic energy: k = mv 2
2
1
❖ Total energy: E = U + K = mw2 A2
2
l
❖ Simple pendulum: T = 2
9
I
❖ Physical pendulum: T = 2
mgl
I
❖ Torsional pendulum: T = 2
k
1 1 1
❖ Springs in series: = +
keq k1 k2
❖ Spring in parallel: keq = k1 + k2

❖ Superposition of two SHM’s:

x1 = A1 sin wt , x2 = A2 sin ( wt +  )
x = x1 + x2 = A sin ( wt + )
A = A12 + A22 + 2 A1 A2 cos 
A2 sin 
tan =
A1 + A2 cos 
PROPERTIES OF MATTER
F/A P F
❖ Modulus of rigidity: Y = , B = −V , =
t / t ' V A
1 1 dV
❖ Compressibility: K = =−
B V dP
lateral strain D / D
❖ Poisson’s ratio:  = =
longitudinal strain t / t
1
❖ Elastic energy: U = stress  strain  volume
2
❖ Surface tension: S = F / l
❖ Surface energy: U = SA
❖ Excess pressure in bubble: pair = 2S / R,   soap = 4S / R
2S cos 
❖ Capillary rise: h =
r g
❖ Hydrostatic pressure: p =  gh
❖ Buoyant force: FB = Vg = weight of displaced liquid
❖ Equation of continuity: A1v1 = A2v2
1
❖ Bernoulli’s equation: p + pv 2 +  gh = constant
2
❖ Torricell’s theorem: v efflux = 2 gh

dv
❖ Viscous force: F = − A
dx
❖ Stoke’s law: F = 6 rv

volume flow  pr 4
❖ Poiseuilli’s equation: =
time 8l
2r 2 (  −  ) g
❖ Terminal velocity: vt =
9
WAVES MOTION
2 y 1 2 y
(i) General equation of wave: =
x 2 v 2 t 2
(ii) Notation: Amplitude A, frequency v, Wavelength  , Period T,

1 2 2
Angular Frequency w, Wave number k, T = = , = v , k =
v w 
(iii) Progressive wave travelling with speed  : y = f ( t − x /  ) , +x;
y = f ( t + x /  ) , -x
(iv) Progressive sine wave:

y = A sin ( kx − wt ) = A sin ( 2 ( x /  − t / T ) )
WAVES ON A STRING
(i) Speed of waves on a string with mass per unit length  and tension
T:  = T / 
(ii) Transmitted power: Pav = 2 2  A2v2
(iii) Interference:

y1 = A1 sin ( kx − wt ) , y2 = A2 sin ( kx − wt +  )
y = y1 + y2 = A sin ( x − wt + )
A = A12 + A22 + 2 A1 A2 cos 
A2 sin 
tan =
A1 + A2 cos 
2n constructive
 =
 ( 2n + 1)  , destructive
(iv) Standing waves:

y1 = A1 sin ( kx − wt ) , y2 = A2 sin ( kx + wt )
y = y1 + y2 = ( 2 A cos kx ) sin wt
 1
 n + 2  2 , modes;n = 0,1, 2....
x =  
 n  , antinodes. n = 0,1, 2....
 2
➢ String fixed at both ends:

1. Boundary conditions: y=0 at x=0 and at x=L
 n T
2. Allowed Freq.: L = n , = , n = 1, 2,3...
2 2L 
1 T
3. Fundamental/1st harmonics: v0 =
2L 
2 T
4. 1st overtone/2nd harmonics: v1 =
2L 
3 T
5. 2nd overtone/3rd harmonics: v2 =
2L 
6. All harmonics are present.

➢ String fixed at one end:
➢ Boundary conditions: y=0 at x=0
 2n + 1 T
➢ Allowed Freq.: L = ( 2n + 1) , = , n = 0,1, 2....
4 4L 
1 T
➢ Fundamental /1st harmonics: v0 =
4L 

3 T
➢ 1st overtone/3rd harmonics: v1 =
4L 
5 T
➢ 2nd overtone/5th harmonics: v2 =
4L 
➢ Only add harmonics are present.

1 1 n T
➢ Sonometer:   ,  T ,  . =
L  2L 
SOUND WAVES
➢ Displacement wave: s = s0 sin w ( t − x / v )
➢ Pressure wave: p = p0 cos w ( t − x / v ) , p0 = ( Bw / v ) s0
B Y P
➢ Speed of sound water:  liquid = , solid = , vgas =
  
2 2 B 2 2 p02v p02
➢ Intensity: I = s0 v = =
v 2B 2v
➢ Standing longitudinal waves:

p1 = p0 sin w ( t − x / v ) , p2 = p0 sin w ( t + x / v )
p = p1 + p2 = 2 p0 cos kx sin wt
➢ Closed organ pipe:

1. Boundary conditions: y=0 at x=0
 v
2. Allowed freq.: L = ( 2n + 1) , v = ( 2n + 1) , n = 0,1, 2....
4 4L
v
4L
3v
4. 1st overtone/3rd harmonics: v1 = 3v0 =
4L
5
5. 2nd overtone/5th harmonics: v2 = 5v0 =
4L
6. Only add harmonics are present.

➢ Open organ pipe:

1. Boundary condition: y=0 at x=0
 v
Allowed Freq.: L = n , v = n , n = 1, 2,....
2 4L
v
2L
2v
3. 1st overtone/2nd harmonics: v1 = 2v0 =
2L
3v
4. 2nd overtone/ 3rd harmonics: v2 = 3v0 =
2L
5. All harmonics are present.
➢ Resonance column:
 3
l1 + d = , l2 + d = , v = 2 ( l2 − l1 ) v
2 4
Beasts: two waves of almost equal frequencies w1  w2
p1 = p0 sin w1 ( t − x / v ) , p2 = p0 sin w2 ( t − x / v )
p = p1 + p2 = 2 p0 cos w ( t − x / v ) sin w ( t − x / v )
w = ( w1 + w2 ) / 2, w = w1 − w2 ( beasts freq.)
➢ Doppler effect:
v + u0
v= v0
v − us
Where, v is the speed of sound in the medium, u0 is the speed of the

observer w.r.t the medium, considered positive when it moves towards
the source, and us is the speed of the source w.r.t. the medium, considered
positive when it moves towards the observer and negative when it moves
away from the observer.
LIGHT WAVES

➢ Plane wave: E = E0 sin w  t −  , I = I 0

x
 v
aE0  r I
➢ Spherical waves: E = sin w  t −  , I = 02
r  v r
➢ Young’s double slit experiment:

dy
➢ Path difference: x =
D
2
➢ Phase difference:  = x

➢ Interference conditions: for integer n,
 2n , constructive;
 =
( 2n + 1)  , destructive;
 n , constructive

x =  1
 n + 2   , destructive
 
I = I1 + I 2 + 2 I1I 2 cos  ,
➢ Intensity: I max = ( I1 + I 2 ) , I min = ( I1 − I 2 )

2 2

I1 = I 2 : I = 4 I 0 cos 2 , I max = 4 I 0 , I min = 0
2
D
➢ Fringe width: w =
d
➢ Optical path: x ' = x
➢ Interference of waves transmitted through this film:
 n , constructive

x = 2 d =  1
 n + 2   , destructive
 
➢ Diffraction from a single slit:

For minima: n = b sin   b ( y / D )
1.22
➢ Resolution: sin  =
b
➢ Law of malus: I = I0 cos2 

REFLECTION OF LIGHT
➢ Laws of reflection:
➢ Incident ray, reflected ray, and normal lie on the same plane
➢ i = r .
➢ Plane mirror:
➢ The image and the object are equidistant from mirror
➢ Virtual image of the real object
➢ Spherical mirror:
➢ Focul length f = R / 2
1 1 1
➢ Mirror equidistant: + =
v u f
v
➢ Magnification m = −
u
REFRACTION OF LIGHT
speed of light in vacuum c

➢ Refractive index:  = =
speed of light in medium v
sin i 2
➢ Snell’s law: =
sin r 1
real depth d
➢ Apparent depth:  = =
apparent depth d '
1
➢ Critical angle:  c = sin −1

➢ Deviation by a prism:
 = i + i '− A, general result
A + m
sin
= 2 , i = i ' for minimum deviation
A
sin
2

 m = (  − 1) A, for small A
1. Refraction at spherical surface:

2 1 2 − 1 1v
− = ,m =
v u R 2u
1 1 1
2. Lens marker’s formula: = (  − 1)  − 
f  R1 R2 
1 1 1 v
3. Lens formula: − = ,m =
v u f u
1
4. Power of the lens: P = , P in dioptre if f in metre.
f
5. Two thin lenses separated by distance d :

1 1 1 d
= + −
F f1 f 2 f1 f 2
OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS
1. Simple microscope: m=D/f in normal adjustment.

2. Compound microscope:
v D
1. Magnification in normal adjustment: m =
u f
1 2  sin 
2. Resolving power: R = =
d 
1. Astronomical telescope:
fo
1. In normal adjustment: m = − , L = fo + fc
fc
1 1
2. Resolving power: R = =
 1.22
DISPERSION

A
3. Cauchy’s equation:  = 0 + ,A0
2
4. Dispersion by prism with small A and i:
1. Mean deviation:  y = (  y − 1) A
2. Angular dispersion:  = ( v − r ) A
v −  r 
1. Dispersive power: w =  (if A and i small)
 y −1  y
2. Dispersion without deviation: (  y − 1) A + (  ' y − 1) A ' = 0
3. Deviation without dispersion: ( v − r ) A = (  'v −  'r ) A '
HEAT AND TEMPERATURE
9
1. Temp. scales: F = 32 + C , K = C + 273.16
5
2. Ideal gas equation: pV = nRT , n; number of moles
3. Van der Waals equation:  p + 2  (V − b ) = nRT

a
V  
L = L0 (1 + T ) ,
4. Thermal expansion:
A = A0 (1 + T ) ,V = V0 (1 + T ) ,  = 2 = 3
F l
5. Thermal stress of a material: =Y
A l
KINETIC THEORY OF GASES
1. General: M = mN A , k = R / N A
2. Maxwell distribution of speed:
3kT 3RT
3. RMS speed: vrms = =
m M

8kT 8RT
4. Average speed: v = =
m M
2kT
5. Most probable speed: v p =
m
1
6. Pressure: p =  v 2 rms
3
1 f
7. Equipartition of energy: K = kT for each degree if freedom. Thus, K = kT
2 2
for molecule having f degrees of freedoms.
f
8. Internal energy: of n mole of an ideal gas is U = nRT
2
SPECIFIC HEAT
Q
1. Specific heat: s =
mT
2. Latent heat: L = Q / m
Q
3. Specific heat at constant volume: Cv =
nT V
Q
4. Specific heat at constant pressure: CP =
nT P
5. Relation between Cp and Cv: CP − CV = R

6. Ratio of specific heats:  = CP / CV
7. Relation between U and CV: U = nCv T
8. Specific heat of gas mixture:
n1Cv1 + n2Cv 2 nC +n C
Cv = ,  = 1 p1 2 p 2
n1 + n2 n1Cv1 + n2Cv 2
f
9. Molar internal energy of an ideal gas: U = RT , f=3 for monatomic and f=5
2
for diatomic gas.

THERMODYNAMICS PROCESSS
10.First law of thermodynamics: Q = U + W

11.Work done by the gas:
W = pV ,W =  vv12 pdV
V 
Wisothermal = nRT ln  2 
 V1 
Wisobaric = p (V2 − V1 )
p1V1 − p2V2
Wadiabatic =
 −1
Wisochoric =0
12.Efficiency of the heat engine:

work done by the engine Q1 − Q2
= =
heat supplied to it Q1
Q2 T
carnot = 1 − = 1− 2
Q1 T1
13.Co eff. Of performance of refrigerator:

Q2 Q2
COP = =
W Q1 − Q2
Q Q
S =
, S f − Si =  if
T T
14.Entropy: T
Q
const. T:S= , var ying T: S = ms ln f
T Ti
15.Adiabatic process: Q = 0, pV  = constant
HEAT TRANSFER
Q T
1. Conduction: = − KA
t x
x
2. Thermal resistance: R =
KA

1  x1 x2 
Rseries = R1 + R2 =  + 
A  K1 K 2 
1 1 1 1
= + = ( K1 A1 + K 2 A2 )
R parallel R1 R2 x
emissive power E
3. Kirchoff’s Law: = body = Eblackbody
absorptive power abody
4. Wien’s displacement law: mT = b

Q
5. Stefan-Boltzmann law: =  eAT 4
t
dT
6. Newton’s law of cooling: = −bA (T − T0 )
dt
ELECTROSTATICS
1 q1q2
1. Coulomb’s law: F = rˆ
4 0 r 2
1 q
2. Electric field: E ( r ) = rˆ
4 0 r 2
1 q1q2
3. Electrostatic energy: U = −
4 0 r
1 q
4. Electrostatic potential: V =
4 0 r
dV = − E.r , V ( r ) = −  r E.dr
5. Electric dipole moment: p = qd

1 p cos 
6. Potential of a dipole: V =
4 0 r 2
1 2 p cos  1 p sin 
7. Field of a dipole: Er = , E =
4 0 r 3
4 0 r 3
8. Torque on a dipole placed in E : r = p  E

9. Pot. Energy of a dipole placed in E : U = − p.E

GAUSS’S LAW AND ITS APPLICATIONS
1. Electric flux:  =  E.dS

2. Gauss’s law:  E.dS = qin / 0
3. Field of a uniformly charged ring on its axis:
1 qx
EP =
4 0 ( a 2 + x 2 )3/2
4. E and V of a uniformly charged sphere:

 1 Qr
 4  R 3 , for r  R

E=
0
 1 Q , for r  R
 4 0 r 2
 Q  r2 
  3 − 2  , for r  R
 8 0 R  R 
V =
 1 Q
, for r  R
 4 0 r
5. E and V of a uniformly charged spherical shell:

 0, for r  R

E= 1 Q
 4  r 2 , for r  R
 0
 1 Q
 4  , for r  R
 R
V =
0
 1 Q
, for r  R
 4 0 r

6. Field of a line charge: E =
2 0 r

7. Field of an infinite sheet: E =
2 0

8. Field in the vicinity of conducting surface: E =
0

CAPACITORS
➢ Capacitance: C=q/V
➢ Parallel plate capacitor: C =0 A / d
4 0 r1r2
➢ Spherical capacitor: C =
r2 − r1
2 0 l
➢ Cylindrical capacitor C =
ln ( r2 / r1 )
➢ Capacitors in parallel: Ceq = C1 + C2

1 1 1
➢ Capacitors in series: = +
Ceq C1 C2
Q2
➢ Force between plates of a parallel plate capacitor: F =
2 A 0
1 Q2 1
➢ Energy stored in capacitor: U = CV =
2
= QV
2 2C 2
1
➢ Energy density in electric field E : U / V = 0 E 2
2
0 KA
➢ Capacitor with dielectric: C =
d
CURRENT ELECTRICITY
➢ Current density: j = i / A =  E
1 eE i
➢ Drift speed: vd = T=
2 m neA
➢ Resistance of a wire: R =  l / A , where  = 1 / 

➢ Temp. dependence of resistance: R = R0 (1 + T )
➢ Ohm’s law: V=iR

➢ Kirchhoff’s law:

(i) the junction law: The algebraic sum of all the currents directed
towards a node is zero i.e.,  node Ii = 0 .
(ii) The loop law: the algebraic sum of all the potential along a closed
loop in a circuit is zero i.e., loop Vi = 0
1 1 1
➢ Resistance in parallel: = +
Req R1 R2
➢ Resistance in sectors: Req = R1 + R2
➢ Wheatstone bridge:
Balanced if R1 / R2 = R3 / R4
➢ Electric power: P = V 2 / R = I 2 R = IV
➢ Galvanometer as an Ammeter:
ig G = ( i − ig ) S
➢ Galvanometer as a Voltmeter:
VAB = ig ( R + G )
➢ Charging of capacitors:
 −
t

q ( t ) = CV 1 − e RC
 
t
−
➢ Discharging of capacitors: q ( t ) = q0e RC
➢ Time constant in RC circuit:  = RC

H peltier heat
➢ Peltier effect: emf e = =
Q charge transferred
➢ Seeback effect
1
1. Thermo-emf: e = aT + bT 2
2
2. Thermoelectric power: de / dt = a + bT
3. Neutral temp: Tn = −a / b
4. Inversion temp: Ti = −2a / b

H Thomson heat
➢ Thomson effect: emf e = = = T
Q charge transferred
1
➢ Faraday’s law of electrolysis: The mass deposited is m = Zit = Eit where
F
I is current, Z is electrochemical equivalent, E is chemical equivalent and
F=96485C/g is Faraday constant.
MAGNETISM
➢ Lorentz force on a moving charge: F = qv  B + qE

➢ Charged particle in a uniform magnetic field:
mv 2 m
r= ,T =
qB qB
➢ Force on a current carrying wire:

F = il  B
➢ Magnetic moment of a current loop (dipole):
 = iA
➢ Torque on a magnetic dipole placed in B : r =   B

➢ Energy of a magnetic dipole placed in B : U = −.B
Bi
➢ Hall effect: Vw =
ned
MAGNETIC FIELD
0 idl  r
➢ Biot-Savart law: dB =
4 r 3
0i
➢ Field due to a straight conductor: B = ( cos 1 − cos  2 )
4 d
 0i
➢ Field due to an infinite straight wire: B =
2 d

dF  0i1i2
➢ Force between parallel wires: =
dt 2 d
oia2
➢ Field on the axis of a ring: BP =
2 ( a2 + d 2 )
3/2
 0i
➢ Field at the centre of an arc: B =
4 a
0i
➢ Field at the centre of a ring: B =
2a
➢ Ampere’s law:  B.dl = 0 Iin

N
➢ Field inside a solenoid: B = 0 ni, n =
l
 0 Ni
➢ Field inside a toroid: B =
2 r
0 2 M  M
➢ Field of a bar magnet: B1 = , B2 = 0 3
4 d 3
4 d
➢ Angle of dip: Bh = B cos 
0 ni
➢ Tangent galvanometer: Bh tan  = , i = K tan 
2r
k
➢ Moving coil galvanometer: niAB = k , i = 
nAB
1
➢ Time period of magnetometer: T = 2
MB
➢ Permeability: B =  H
ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION
➢ Magnetic flux:  =  B.dS

d
➢ Faraday’s law: e = −
dt
➢ Lenz’s law: Induced current create a B-field that opposes the charge in
magnetic flux.

➢ Motional emf: e=B/v

di
➢ Self inductance:  = Li, e = − L
dt
➢ Self inductance of a solenoid: L = 0 n2 ( r 2l )
e −
t

➢ Growth of current in LR circuit: i = 1 − e L/ R

R 
t
−
➢ Decay of current in LR circuit: i = i0e L/ R
➢ Time constant of LR circuit:  = L / R

1
➢ Energy stored in an in inductor: U = Li 2
2
U B2
➢ Energy density of B field: u = =
V 2 0
di
➢ Mutual inductance:  = Mi, e = − M
dt
➢ EMF induced in a rotating coil: e = NAB sin t
➢ Alternating current:
i = i0 sin (t +  ) , T = 2 / 
1
➢ Average current in AC: i = T0 idt = 0
T
1/2
➢ RMS current: irms =  T0 i 2 dt  =

1 i0
T  2
➢ Energy: E = irms 2 RT
1
➢ Capacitive reactance: X c =
C
➢ Inductive reactance: X L =  L
➢ Impedance: Z = e0 / i0
➢ RC circuit:
1
Z = R 2 + (1/ C ) , tan  =
2
CR

➢ LR circuit:
L
Z = R 2 +  2 L2 , tan  =
R
➢ LCR circuit:
1
2 − L
 
−  L  , tan  = C
1
Z = R2 + 
 C  R
1 1
vresonance =
2 LC
➢ Power factor: P = ermsirms cos 

N1 e1
➢ Transformer: = , e1i1 = e2i2
N 2 e2
➢ Speed of the EM waves in vacuum: c = 1/ 0 0

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Physics NEET Physics – PDFs

Physics NEET Formula

➢ Speed of light c = 3 108 m/s

➢ Avogadro’s number N A = 6.0231023 mol −1

➢ Faraday constant F = 96485C / mol

➢ Mass of neutron mn = 1.6749 10−27 kg

➢ Rydberg constant R = 1/ 097 107 m−1

NEET Formula www.vedantu.com 1

➢ Standard atmosphere atm = 1.01325 105 Pa

➢ Average and Instantaneous vel. And Accel.:

➢ Motion in a straight line with constant a:

NEET Formula www.vedantu.com 2

NEWTONS LAWS AND FRICITION

➢ Minimum speed to complete vertical circle: umin,bottom = 5 gl , umin,top = gl

WORK POWER AND ENERGY

NEET Formula www.vedantu.com 3

➢ Potential energy: F = −U / x for conservative forces.

CENTRE OF MASS AND COLLISION

2. CM of few useful configurations:

NEET Formula www.vedantu.com 4

− ( v1' − v2' )  1, completely elastic

If v2 = 0 and m1  m2 then v1' = −v1 .

4. Moment of inertia: I = i mi ri2 , I =  r 2dm

6. Theorem of Perp. Axes: I z = I x + I y

NEET Formula www.vedantu.com 5

4. Variation of g with depth: ginside  g 1 − 

5. Variation of g with height: goutside  g 1 −

6. Effect of non-spherical earth shape on g:

7. Effect of earth rotation on apparent weight: mg' = mg − mw2 R cos2 

NEET Formula www.vedantu.com 6

Second: A real velocity is constant  d L / dt = 0 

SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION

❖ Hooke’s Law: F=-kx (for small elongation x)

❖ Spring in parallel: keq = k1 + k2

NEET Formula www.vedantu.com 7

❖ Torricell’s theorem: v efflux = 2 gh

❖ Stoke’s law: F = 6 rv

NEET Formula www.vedantu.com 8

(ii) Notation: Amplitude A, frequency v, Wavelength  , Period T,

(iv) Progressive sine wave:

NEET Formula www.vedantu.com 9

(iv) Standing waves:

➢ String fixed at both ends:

6. All harmonics are present.

NEET Formula www.vedantu.com 10

➢ Only add harmonics are present.

➢ Displacement wave: s = s0 sin w ( t − x / v )

➢ Pressure wave: p = p0 cos w ( t − x / v ) , p0 = ( Bw / v ) s0

➢ Standing longitudinal waves:

➢ Closed organ pipe:

NEET Formula www.vedantu.com 11

➢ Open organ pipe:

Where, v is the speed of sound in the medium, u0 is the speed of the

NEET Formula www.vedantu.com 12

➢ Plane wave: E = E0 sin w  t −  , I = I 0

➢ Young’s double slit experiment:

➢ Intensity: I max = ( I1 + I 2 ) , I min = ( I1 − I 2 )

➢ Diffraction from a single slit:

➢ Law of malus: I = I0 cos2 

NEET Formula www.vedantu.com 13

speed of light in vacuum c

NEET Formula www.vedantu.com 14

1. Refraction at spherical surface:

5. Two thin lenses separated by distance d :