Algebra

Assignments l-9
(Covering the Portion for ISA 1)

zl't Septemb er 2020

 Nola'.lionr

Z ;n\a*)
@ qaj;onob

R rqA.0 nqnbt4
er*?lw nuYuL P---
6
Zt q,-, Rr pori4vc denv^b al Z)G''lt(
h ?tpn tPzto uko^e*|l d)- Z rG ,, R, C
z*rd, R*, <r
ol/Q'\ lR
$ l(n, rK) )uveu\'Ap t7 xh on&itu
T*1 "Q
ZG) Ceulpn ai G

GIH l"ctt V'*I

(G: tt) inJex ol H i" G

lGl onden + T*t G

'& t
I c"l ari',n oP d'l'/Yt!'t
I
&
<e> fd'T*\ f^'^"fu \
&.,'r* (', t)
((2,t)) a*Tn
e/rc '
Y& ry
GtG G'
G,*G, nsn\t$n^e) ab'o Au*bA )
 N1rcE" Axi0 nno^t L t9 o1 t 2o

Sez Sec*ov, S (fry st) op FmluVl^ baolt

, D%'.'.h,*,, * G-ry (?.r+, Dgl n.,)
, Evaw"yleJ : h.b, 4 .g, 4.t| ., 4"r3 (f ,sq 4 *qlulL)
, exav*ylel :

@ (Zn.,|n) ,J ^ **t "i "-Jen ,t

@ (zf , ,n) ,r cr T*-l o? *'&^ ?.)
zn= 1o,T/ --.',FT, zf,= 17,2.,. "'/ V7T

LrLr U, le.^"|e- lt,t- ,#^u+ ynv>1s '+o

""d-: ^

f*I ol crJu 4 bS .

)^\w Sn ad
,^shou- Q(D = | o,^J Q(n I -- ttlo ' + Tosir\ve
kLhv+ fr*o 'h n.

F* Wau,tglu U7 = | f ,7, ?,1 7

, Ereva{< '" $lnow ,t^qJ. Uq A %*e, 'ohile-

Uto € nol- c7 aLic.

,exawylo-: W n={.tT, tq, tbrtcT eJlr\!r0-

r- [:?7, e=
L:il, b=f:,jl ".^;
,= L7; ]
"T!,^ ?.,LLI
A=b=c='J a*\d

aL=*bq=C
bc=*cb=4
Cut:*qc=b
1+ir i criU *^f "{ 6-,.o,lernionf.
Evetc,rg<. {r} d Jcoo}i 'rL't '>th 4 d) Tosihve 4E} t'z'};obsb '

o^A t* a1b € qt, W a+ b = 4/.

shoo r^^* (ff, *) € a Yy' tJt^a}- A
'
iall..^+;I7 . fiLuf b a'n )uvYY*< * q ed'

e>evc:>L A G k. a. nrne*^yhV "x+ dttd qnde,'* ut" a-)'Jo c'jqlve*

trz*
p"o.d,LcY, oliol., in o)L;Yt*'' *oh'{;e+:
(q) A LeG ,lutL+u* Q-'q'=q' laeG
(b) Giva,u a,eG2 3't€G )vcL'+1* *'q"'=2'
tt'ql
?*, +1,.,Jr G *,ull k ^ T'*-l 'r^Au ''ilnut-'
tho,,a r.,ilt a,^ e/fqv,.?ln , *+ q oa a't'lqvttt' clct<tre ' a-8'lodqhvt
La*s a^e W ;ae*'l''y "' ; l"\N )t^up'-t{ ' G noi'} wY
*
L< a. Ta
*o* = d' a"l at 'lol*li'Y'' {^'
x
6 ShO,. fr'.e.f )l'\t- e,41'a'h"'"

in -- T*l '1 d--d 'a-' ,J tl^-e- r:rta .p ,Sovtnt eltmL'*

G
* 4
in G-
+) t1^r'/^
-Thpavw \'tr. tf G A a Yl arilh Li*'t'7
."yola'h'*
+1/e ry ^^e i7'u rgncil)'ah"-" !'o*r h't; iI4 G'

'T1.^-ee,,cr-\ q'l..- f+ G b a' T*"? 'oilt^ binu? olo)4*^ *' "^e {

Q*z- = L' ""^S
a)€ G 2 +l^'ot^ tt'\l- [iloasr '4f]';"')
l"a'te' un;Y* 'lolwh'al nt?i'G'
l*o,=b
litn*un : G W q T*I u>ita^ bi^il| "|*l'o.l'*' + '
t-eJ-
l,flA.\ (") -r1,\t- ;dulitT e€G ,; uniy .

(b) (^*b)n = b't *a-l . V ",b€

G"
@ 4 ZE R+ a- f*l .l,itu n-tlee,hvt .to tt^l- oyetzo,,bzu * a$t*)
ry a*b =@ z.

@ Is rf, a- f*? *itt" ruYechvt h rl'e .y dok r., * aef;,*t

a*b= a/u ?
\
@ Is G o fy ,,,i}l ,Uf nchve- h l1-1 oyotLa,h,t, l< d"lr"J
ry a* b= lall?
@ Lq]- n h q. posihur infu1o,.- W nZ = ln^ I ** ZT
^^)
(q) SLou> x^b"fUZ, +) b ^ T^f
@) $t"out il^"* (rZr+) Y (4+)

@ w s: lR\{4T D** * on S +
Atrb= d.*t"t^4.
(q) Shaco l't^'t + fu'J & b;^d? "YA4a^ onS '
(L) Sho,* fi,e+ (;, *) b q
(.: fft.; ./t^& ,lolu)r"*. o$ +t,z eqy,ah+t Zt x * 3 = V i\
g'

@ Sho* rr,^^t ,{ G b :tr-f wit.. ;4e^ltt6

"^) e_ ,^titl^

eu\*', nunnL^ S illne,,h ) 11,\on4 3 A + L tn G )qel tl,o+

X= e-

G t,i}t ( t^"1 'tqcL tLsh

@ 5\o* r1^"t -*t
2-
V"^'? ;Ao,*h'y
& = Q V a. e G. ;4 ^-Ld;q"t4
.
TE

WGb,- a. y*y ,r:i4 l.,.i).. nuunlt,. ".,c il&r"4,"*.

€ G, 'il'q'a e'*iglS aYa fi € Z+
? *i
q,
5 h oa 'nqr*

.trad^ f},r* i=L

(a +bi= Q.** b' , V q,b €G,
ira ct G,
gtnocn +L'ot2 V Try
+1/{^" Gao,Lel;an.

6 b'
-rJ+
*r.t t ffi G, Lo* uj a.' tl^-o/^
ll^^f t+ ira

a)a =Sa '

dttLtc€G"
Lel- G L4 dt 4 {tY f c&4 A,*b*e *- e- f-
f*I ""
51',or, +L,t b*
Cra' = e eL' "

q'
W (Gr') b- o'ffi' Gnilde^ 11"L binan''y oyu'alna-
olA +1,,\L M* G a*d )
A*b = L'q
G lb"'f (e ,*) a -'^) rL*t
W a1b € Slnout 'Z T*Y
(Gril a ac**fi itow'avYh^'r +a (G") '
 A\$'^ A eti Z lq I o1 I Zo
1 ^-o^*

Sez 5ec-h-r 5 Ury|q) o* FaluVL, !aok-

. O-AQ,r oQ Gt 16\
a H t), r"-ta-yt*1 G: H<G af
Hi4 ?*lQ^ t*f^f ,P G : H <G.

, Elcr,r?le S..l: 1^uy ar\L -fiR J;l+erur t "tW- oF

r*t
Elnacfuru "( ""Ae^1. n, a&, m @q,*r, )
a^)
tL,! kle;x q-T*Y V,

zh o 2 7 V Q-qLc
a ot25 L e_ a- a C

I T Z5 o a. q L c b

, 2 7 ol b b C Lq
L 3 o z e C b a. e-

Nok h.".,f {",2) ,s l1N, noula";l yroy% 6ubn-bN 4 Zt

*
Atso nolt +Ls* {a,Z) b *ol q ,eT*1 op Zr, Jt^u €+r?:'#{",*
Nat'e +L^* {e,o}, 7n,u3 ^; 7 ert9 a/\L 'thrtt ,to^}n'v;tl

+Y, Wlile- {era,LJ ; o )'41ru of- V

?*lu fL4by'yrt^{ '^al-

o-f1.+t-tyo++t 9.1t. A sdbkf Ho*G qa ld,€fovl "f G V^J4

q
1. H ; Cil-) un)r^ 4,\-L blvs/r? "yettali*^ "{ G '

2. 11,,t- ide*,*i, LEH

)
3. V q€H, q'€ H. -t
 G i, ^. )"LTvf
Trabten! ,
oP G
Sho,o +n^t d- *ane,trnl ,gAtt* H .P
A ry
4 "*t 4l(q) a,b €4 + qh €+1

(b) ae| 4 dterl'

Sho,o W, "1, H ;,
4' *^WA lt^lk *'Lsal 'F a f*'f C

/rd6ef?-I o( G .

A ol o f*l Ga a'
@ tho^ +l^rt 4 'tuor)*I\. no'bt4*

S,^Lf-l ,? G ;+ d A '1, qtbeH ) ab-| eil

4 '

fr,t a € G t tfu nat"*l:ge'" ("v C'uA".hsu) ol'a' ;

@
Aq" J NG) = {x€G : ?cq =o^? '
\
sl^ouo +L^* Ntas 'c
4 oW 'P G'
H G u"^l'J;*- u{- H A +tq
@ Fnt ^ nuLT,1 op ) 11^L

,Y* C1l)= {xeG: xh=hx Vue H3'

{hoa +1^* dCU) n q l@d*l "{ G'
@ T1,q ce.*te,t- 7G)={z€G: Zx=zz Vnee}
b o, ,4T*l o{ G'
d 'f G ) tl'^L rn'tl eh*ev oP H
;'? +1'\L

@ Fov ^ rvLTz\
*h NCH)= {a€G: aHa4= Hi'
q G
€lno., r4,^,* 61fu) b ouLVrr-Y "F '
 Y"*L3

a Cotek
t-a* C b. o. , H 4 AilT*'f G. Fot a1b €G., *' s^t
t
T^{ "P

a=b 1^"ln) * obAe +1 '

.5ho,* +1^* +ttl nil^lw. A=b i *'alU) 'd a,v\ Ay"^)-o^u '*ktt'n
,Dqrulr^a.r. ftA; da ,W,PG/ a€G, )M
: L, eH) $fi-i. riyLt c{te'y op H ir" G '
Hc. = {So 'J ^
fiin^to,'\,u+b ca* oP H ; )"|'il
0

. Sho,o +Lo.J- Hc = =x C^rJ H)?

l t €G : a '

,4 elf v-tu cq Jqrl aft 'n' i't G '

. F,Q.vA* , h/ol<- +d* H o a"1
a'tl u+l^t^ )')p^l;c)
llnuJ) frr^ ,'.XNr ca'ft 'f H ),' G
ry
ot' Airin;"1-'
o*Ja,.tt b'h*eon *?
, TL& ; a alz'k -ot'-t cNn*f

fi^^ fu?W canh 'f H ;'n G'

(L^n*nVub -fu',^). Ll G d{ f;rurc
,l@*tt"u. 'i Y^t "^^)
t4 tt a, {utTa"f "{ G) +t"w^ lHl t"ida lel'
nSho,oil^e*,,4G; q ff^kf* "^)
a€Grfl"tn" le)
d)vidu lGt.
. flrow +t^et) + G U '2\ fi^ik n"*1 t/^d a,€Gt tl^.L,-\
;ul = e'
)n\u a a n&f,*
, (Euler) tl n A 6' Posihve' "r^e
bfr, +t'!^ il"*
fnvwt- '1llaovt
oQb) = I ("^-nt n) '
ry
I
.4 .;r, fu1t_^,
P b a' Piwe nq'ALoA
a-
' (Fer,*',*) tf "^l
,fl,&4^ d=o 6*'eY)
 . *I.o,,, +lr"*,t \ G; q,
$^F Wt op o-Ju p ., ^rl^raq
P b a ?nw\L rluwLea, -f1,au G ; Tztt .

. f/,nsrsW, q lal =Fu1 4,"t^^, l"it=lu * d"^d

* I td (t,to) =L'
f/tore- ?*Lt'uW :

O s# +^t- yr1 G k4 , thofi 1L-^)- ,P wNV

)4qru* dsrr-a^*J L<

@ I{ I Gl .9, Ar.a,t H/* G ; aA elian

@takGL-q Sl tol " *"tyot'

$^k ft*-t EucL +1^^t

+'.'f C^Lf --": b3 V^,b€G. P**+1^^* G "n*t!- t'(

d"clian '

@ Gyt- *v\ * a ffi G ,'"e ilu^enh a,b€G

oaa,^1la-
guc| .tL,hf p\ a*.d ltl dtL fir;n tda'f l*Ll ;s ""oY {;w'l< '

Fr.nlQl* Everafts
(y rr).

dv*wh itq cr;d;( af 6u(2., R)

^)) il^L
Duu:ubz 'iT 'I'AbT''/uAf

Txnex+l*) ) Dt)
H t< ilw SsL"fYt fJ oP *v^ ^LuL;c'n T/"1
@ *L-,,r* ,1^A1-
* ^,^J
,{
G, +t,..a^^ Z hhl heH "^i-Le]r-i
Ua *f*f G'

L'cvt
,e,1l't" ov't& 7<'^a't'Jat ut/t'\
@
?,an- +4,ia-o "X&'c T'ry *
a* rnAV 2 e)ew'e^*f '

sho., J{^r.,| U-{*' x-

2-
.I ,i q n,^\v f "+ G.
 Al,Szbfa, 3 c"fotfzozo
Ass iTnmen+

Se* 9ed;a',5 pay s1 ol FvqlUrL

P'oLluans "

C Sho,o rt^qf, *\ %"1t, T*1 ,s ole*qn .

efr"t oP o Try A o0&'

@ P*va +t*"t ^ '5 a&'
adLL
a'tyffs op Z u*Au o)&1"'''
@ shoua ).,,f +Ld
+t,,v- nZ otnAo^ ,JJ^X* f- n< 2 '
yreasv\ W
a " t'f +t"+ o'dau + G is in{i^Jl. t
Rt-^.*. W G b1 1&' Try
G a )san*yl^ic +r' (4*) ' If G ; o{ 4';rc- o'den ^t
+t^a,^
+trfr,r^ G ; ironovYL;c *t (Z ,+ n) '
"

Sy"evuw oP F '"lu'7L Q. U),

@ Fid +1^L rtuwLel af X'ua*^'r "f-

a"
1r1,, T,*'f
l,raurry *Ju g.
ailan-?h't^t 'f ZL
Fnd lru nrrvrLP,L 'f
UL d^;o"n"tf tnt'tt'rn'o '{ Z e
h ^S 1'tuwtL'f
'h, lnirm r o{ Zg
wLc.t "( uilD"^lvf
FirrA 'lt/'r- Y1u

of a"")t:*t'Y la^rmf o{ Z '

lauvnlel
h\^rl 4..,r-
+^At {
L* & a*J L be elu'nvnh o{ q 6v^y G ' f{a*
l,--t t u* *'lu rt , *lacn Lo ^L" L^J o'Jc' v1'
^L
tho* +ua* Z? k^4 no V^?ct nsnlnv;il "ul|vtut'
q.
"{ P ;{
rlqY*Leh '
fvtvnt-
 n*u* 4 2o I of ) 20
Al"yW AsriT

9et Sec han I I ol F,alU.nl (f t"q)

Fq clr :

o l(?, ,?,, "',,X^\ - L'^ (t$'),l?'1 , "' ' l?'l) '

Le* G d,^A yt L,< h*h fry - It"t'h GxH

?rL,
,r %N. I "^A * { 7"d (le l.,lHl) =t '
q<A (n'n)=l
Z^n * Z^xZn 1 "il 4 4 "

?'oblr*t_,
o-)a af' ( * ,t', t oS 'in 41/'a f*I 2,, *Zro'2"+
@ f,t J lb\-\

Lvor aK ll af Falu'/^ y"tto

e Is ZarZ, ..6rlr,?

e odu "F (?'to'L) in Z+ 'Z'' l Ztt

F>A -tt'r
@
Fp d y*al/- rtonliu;ol 't^LTdtl o{ Z'/Z ' '

@ ^tt
amo^f ftu orlw of
Wk"* "l fi/r' b^fr ")o't-
^U

of Zsr Z'? oP Z''tZ'' 7'

+ L q'e', I'LT*Y
,lorvw da''"1*
@ p;xt lt,s- "t.,n,,xi-ol P6''tiLlQ' "deL fu

,P 4^ Z,
a,,-e Z+ ,Z e isomn ? u\V * ^9 ^'f ?
@ Are ZzrZ,, 1l^'c
 YY Z

@ A'r.- J't"-L
Try zs { z,o * /29 ,^^l Z+ , Z,-, Z+ o

;son4hc ?

@ (* G 1"1 a,v\ cLaJ|la.n T^f . t* H ta )l,q ad*<t of G

bns;shy o{ +i,\4 ;dukl.7 L hq/fi,% aili^ il op
".br^e"._$
G op "Au Z" Sho,u 41.,* H a a /^tT-r,^f o( G.
AIX*V\ Arriq nrt-a** g zo
fzf
z"
a

te! Sec:p^on 13
"p FnlQi/" Lf . tze)

" A rrnp,.t P , Gr -7 Gt ; ,.ilr) llavaa-o' ylnit^ 4

+(il)=+(a)4(u) Vo,b€Gt

. If 4 '. Grl b( G;L a,va ov'tlc Io"to'^*?l,v"f uu 2 tbl"^

T^1
&Lo* fl^I- * Gt ; , tLv"^ G. L alro aLil';o^ '
^LJ;o'-,

e)'
-rl,-L ;*f +tAl al A ir'n Y u,.Ju 4 ; {1t"1 \ae
'4 rl/'! t14vY + ' 11^'n- invuvk i'''**"
n\tL '4* *[x] 'f
B',n x ; { *ex l +
toe Bl'
4t'[B],P
?roLle^r .

a 6. l& Tt^l Lomow*|h'fn' thow

+Lak
C t-ak &: Gr
it' G'
(c\) * t b idenhy h Gt n'+'^
4k) ' 4,q ;Jo^HJ
(b) r{ oeq., @ +(q')=d(.a)'t'
(r> rP H i, o ,ilT*I oP G, , W S[n]
.) a )ulfrt\ o{' G'
(;l Ll R ; ^, nueTvl ,P G, ,+l^44^ +'ExJ "t o r"l7'*'f o( Gt '
+t.a,h 1Lrn tLsr
7F*re ra 1 ;t * fft^? Lrn muyl^iln )
Xer (#) = {e?
+ b ol^, - t-.- o^-a *-l * '*A * 1 '
 Erarcis4 l3 oP tr <lu7l" (y.rcr;

@ t* e: tz rR ,anLe,L o)J)y;o^ be-Vven ry 4e>=f\7=

<d ' tf + a"v\ honowtltuu"\
il^A X.reth:Y )ntYu

Gry& Q ke"{4) l* *'5s 4 Z' T* \

eG)={: or,r,oTrri,:ffi^
@ Grl.7,,,t Kev (4) ,^^) 4 @f) -f* Q : Z + Z* .sud^ +bt
4(r) -) .

@ -L
compurz For(6) ^^; ilPo) +* 4'Z t St *+d- il^af

d(r) = (t,r,2,6) (2, 5,+)'

Q: zrz+ z
G,ny,.^ta- kev(+) '^^) 4(s'z) W
@
ol,v,,t 4 (', o)=3 ail 4 @'t) -- -5 '
sm-f a/1/ ft"'('* ol Z on+t ft?
@ Hou; *A ho wrom-oryLu

htrry a^e- il"a^t ,{ Z i"+rZ?"

@ Ho"'t *7
homo*ty

k a.,d fut7eG' L'* Q?:G+G

WG
b )ahd \ trto= 7*ft, {* x€G' F* "uh''L 7(G
f bl a- hoYnowrYkrn (
 Aw/," AssiVnrn^fi g ,u I l lzo

a D4^ . A s*7*-y ^/ ol G a *o;d "l., L-c

l;a,t

a. nuu*) o'\,*f "P G + ? ^'1 ? eG "-")

n €,'1, n"f' e rJ ; -r1,"^'*- U XNS+ c' N'

fi,oLleta^r .

fho,o *l.o.f, N ;s "\ n*^d ndT^f of G 4 a'd * I

?N1l =nl $7eC'
ft.or^r +1ru-Jr +t,-.- )*L1rry N op G ; o' n**o) '*^f
aLG ,l '^) * I *\ ry cae*"?'J inG a 4
h;N cap* 4 rJ ;a G.
A reyry N el G a a nq^^)
tuLyz'\ "r G I a^-l

+t. *- y*d^cl- of
t'^^ r"7* cctQ*l 'P N tn G ;s

* I
A tu'Yl"t c'rP* oP il i^ G '
^l;"
@ rr4,G,1GraaTryln-arto'+^*yh;sv-'a\rwt1^*'r
of G, '
t<errC6) b a nrv,,.o) /"Lf*-f
A q{"LTT{ ;^Jer* z )n G 2
@ i{Gio. T*,t "^A H "f
,L.t t'1 ; nd'^il i^ G '
VYtv<

N 'il t4 a"t t''n flat ,r'*l d"ff'-'Y g

{G
@ Eryyoy
+t st aUe'y n)'t:ntt
of N
,^) 11,q+ N f\ M = { e? . 9l^ovo

Commu*t2 tttith **t eLnenl oP lt'l '

@ Sqp* H A ''t'\r * )q^I o( .fi^ik ;^)w m it" 'll^\

?r*r 4't^o'k H;2 ^ t\oY

^"1
,**Y 6tG.
T*IG,
H ;4 odT*? of G )uil
w^h te U I x *G 2 tl"l"'
@ Ll
Wue. +,^-+ H ; a n*^^J
'ryry "{ G'
vff'

1e C- ?,rr< Yt'oJr

X-t Ntu)? = N(f'rt7)

+'l '
,l,tati- NCH) shill t* ""'*oL'cet "P
AlTdI* Assinnr"q^* ? Zo
II 20

wl
, Lc-t G L" q- fry .^A W A(6) Aen-,k tt* a* of
d ova--ayrt- "J oulo f-* G l- G ,

. De!)uth"a," Arr a.u..rilvv\*yhrr, oP o yr"y G a *- irornwyl^ilt'n

af G onlo kd+. gah "P d) il .*on\ovyl'tirmy "f G {> de^n*ud
ry h,*(G) njolc rL* A,*(G) A(G).
g

.Shouu 41,-* Ak(G) ,s a Tr^f u^Agn csvnTosillou 'l'rb^?S'

. Lp.tr G L< q T*1 *'J +* ?eG,, A*^ TTt G4G +

)(x) = ?*7't .
'f}\r,^ ; a-'A antltvr'q yl^isr*' 'F G '
1 * 1ht'
gncl^ &r\ at ltwqyhr^' a ceJL) a*\ )uno, o^rlo"
of G. 'Tt^t- a* ,+ ail anm€Y a'whvv't'yLiswr "p G
qrQ-

Aeoord ry ( G)
\ .

?*bls-s,
ap A*(C) '
e Shoo +{^,e} I,n(G) '3 n't={'a^f
a'

tho,x + '* I)^(G) 'i ''out'rol

iu h*(cS'
@
,^4 e A,*(G) . Il 'o' "s of-
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