Objective Type Questions and Answers in hemical A col book for quick reference and type questions for all types of ee examinations. This book is also ju the recruitment test by various : nie sector undertakings, graduate aptittide test (GATE) examination conducted | by IIT for admission to M. Tech/M.E. courses.ae "FOREWORD. — eee FOREWORD Although this book by Mr. Om Prakash Gupta is oriented primarily for the students and young Chemical Engineers, it can be of great value to any oné engaged in Chemical Engineering Profession. In spite of several traditional books being available, the need of a ready means of knowledge has been long felt. Mr. Gupta has taken the trouble of fillit this lacunae. The book's. . coverage is broad, the conterits are well compiled and arranged. + Lam sure, this book will be'of great use. ‘ Rourkela Dr. 8.0: Naik November, 1982 B.Se. Tech: Ch: B: (Madras) . MS, (Ottawa), Ph.D. (Wales), MILNE, MLE. () Professor and Head Department o€ Chama Engineering Regional Engineering College Rourkela-769008 (Orissa)"PREFACE TO THE TENTH EDITION regional engineering colleges, leemed/autonomous universities and. institutes ofchemi- - cal technology. These questions are farther tailor:made for GATE examination [for admission into M.Tech JM.E-M.Se.(Engg.)], GRE (graduate record examination) for admission wUS. . (America) and other overseas universities, Tecruitment test for management trainees (technical) by public ‘Sector ings, recruitment testa for graduate engineer trainees conducted by private sector companies etc. . ._A new chapter titled ‘Polymer Technology’ has been added in this edition of the’ book thereby enhancing its coverage and utility further for the students of chemical enginéering and chemical technology. Questions have heen framed i juch a manner 80 sa to be informative rather than being merely speculative, 5 : o ‘This book in ite present form has been designed to serve is an Encyclopaedia of Chemical i 50 as to be a ready reckoner apart from being useful for all types of written tests and intarview faced by chemical engineering studenta/graduates/post-graduates. If will also serve as & “handbook of chemical engineering’ for ready reference by practising chemical Cagineers in ang relevant profession. Besides, teachers, employers andinerviewa of chemical engineers wilt also:find this book handy for their use, ‘All the constructive and useful suggestions for the further improvement of the book will be gladly accepted and incorporated in the future edtionsireprinta Om Prakash GuptaPREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION ‘This. book is meant for graduates in chemical engineering intending to appear in.the written tests conducted by various public sector undertakings for the recruitment as trainees. ‘This book will be helping for.all such examinations conducted by Stee] Authority of India Limited (GAIL), Rashtriya Chemicals and Fertilisers Limited (RCF), Indian Farme.s Fertiliser Co-operative Limited (IFFCO), Engineers India Limited (EIL), Indian Oil Corporation (IOC), ‘Hindustan Fertiliser Corporation (HFC), National Fertiliser Limited (NFL), Hindustan Copper Limited (HCL), Fertiliser and Chemicals Travancore Limited (FACT), Bongaigoan Refinery and Petrochemical Limited (BRPL), Indian Nearness! Corporation Limited (IPCL), Oil and ‘Natural Gas Commission (ONGC) ete. ‘Questions have been arranged subjectwise and the answers are given at the end of the respective chapters. : LT Kenpur 9 Om Prakash Gupta February, 1980 :(2) This book is useful for various : @) ib) : List of Academic Progra |. Dip. Ch.E - Diploma in Cher .. AMIE (Chemical Engg. Academic programmes y 4 IC Recruitment tests and interviews of public ‘sector, private sector and central govern. ‘ment organisations and undertakings. mmes for which this book ts useful : ical Engineering. ‘Degree in Chemical Enginecring/Technology, ) “Associate Membership examination of Institution of ‘Engi- neers in Chemical Engineering, . . ANIICHE - Adsociate Membership examination of Indian Institute af Chemical Engi- neers, : 4 GATE - Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering for admission to M.Tech/M.E courses in India. , ‘ GRE - Graduate Record Examination for post graduate admission in U.S. Universities, B.Tecl/B.E. (Chem Engg, |. AIC - Associateship Examination of Institute of Chemist. ._ B.Tech (Polymer Technology) - Degree in Polymer Technology or Plastic Technology. . B.Tech (Env. Eng; 7 . BTech. (Petroleum Engg.) - Degree in Petroleum Engineering. . B.Tech (Petrochemical) - Degree in Petrochemical Engineering. . B.Tech (Chemical Technology) - Degree in Food Technology, Sugar ‘Technology, Oil Degree in Environmental Engineering, : Technology, Textile Technology ete. List of Public sector/Private sector/Government Grganisation con- ducting recruitment test’ and interview for the’selection of Manage- ment Traineés (Technical)/Graduate Engineer Trainee/Junior scien- tific officers etc. for which this book ie useful, .. BARC - Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay. |. DRDO - Defence Research and Development Organisation. IFS - Indian Forest Service. .. SAIL - Steel Authority of India Limited, : |’ RINL - Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited, Visakhapatnam. KIOL - Kudremukh Iron Ore Limited, Kudremukh. TISCO - Tata Iron and Steel Company, Jamshedpur. ~ 10C - Indian Oil Corporation. . ONGC - Oj) and Natural Gas Corporation. GAIL - Gas Authority of India Limited. |. -HPCL - Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited. |. BPCL - Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited. .- BRPL - Bongaigaon Refinery and Petrochemicals Limited. . MRL - Madras Refinery Limited.’ : * 9 |. KRL - Kochin Refinery Limited, . NRL - Numligs h Refinery Limited.49. . FCI - Fertiliser Corporati (ed . OTL Oi Thdia Limited. IPCL - Indian Petrochemicals (Corporation ‘Limited. Indis NFL- National Fertilisers Limited. ~ RCF.- Rashtriya Chemicals and Fertilisers Limited, Thal Vaishet: IFFCO - Indian Farmers Fertiliser Co-operative Limited, Hazira, Gujrat. KRIBHCO.- Krishak Bharati Co-operative Limited, Hatira, Gujrat. HFC - Hindustan Fertiliser Corporation. ‘ . FACT: Fertilisers and Chemcals Travancore Limited, PDIL - Projects.and: Development India Limited. ‘CIL - Coal eee Limited. NLC ~ Lignite Corporation, Meni: +HCL~ ees Limited. . HZL. aiaberas Felines (3 “UCI. « Uranium Corporation of Inaia Limited, one ee ee NALCO» National Aluminium Company Limited, Angul, Orissa. HOC - Hindustan Organic Chemicals, Rasyani. EIL- Engineers India Limited. NTPC - National Thermal Power Corporation. RIL Reliance Industries Limited. NPC - Nuclear Power Corporation of IndiCONTENTS Chapter “Subject : ES Page Fluid Mechanics - i ‘ . 1.56 2, Stoichiometry (Chemical Process Principles) ‘ 57-80 3." Mechanical Operations nif ats eit ais, 4, “Chemical Process Industries {Chemical Technology ‘ 116-156 5. Petroleum Refinery Engineering 187-178 6. Fertiliser Technology) * 7 Se. 179-193 7, Heat Transfer tithe 194-226 8° Mass'Transfer : : “ ge7.270 9. Process Control and Instrumentation, 271-307 “10, . Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics : 308-344 11... Chemival Reaction Engineering and Reactor Design’ 345-377 12... Fuels and Combustion & ‘ 378-413 18, Materials of Construction “> she 414-437 14. Process Equipment Design ; 438-468 15. Chemical Engineering Plant Economics a 469-476 16. Nuclear Power Engineéring : 7 aras2 17.” Furnace Technology, : . 493-504 18. Refractory Technology i ad " 505-519 19. Environmental Engineering : s 520-540 20; Polymer-Technology 5 : 541-556 21. Miscellaneous Questions - ‘ 567-597. 22. References/Bibliography/Further Reading _ 598-599NEAT TRANSFER tc) Us> Us (@) Uy = dirt factor - Us 100, In @ heat exchanger, one transfer unit means (a) a section of the exchanger in which change in temperature of ong stream equals the average driving force inthe section. * () the size of the exchanger in which heat transfer rate is 1 keaV/hr. (e). both (a) and (6) (d)_ none of these 101. Choose the most importent factor on which "the heat conducted through a wall ina unit~ time will depend on ? Z (a) thickness of the wall,” (6) area of the wall perpeddicular to heat flow. * materi of the wall ten:perature difference-between the two surfaces of the wall “te td) 102, Water always boils, whem its , (0) temperature reaches 100°C. _ (B) Vapour pressure equals 76 cm of Hg. (c) saturated vapour pressure equals the external pressure on its surface. saturated vapour pressure is less than the atmospheric pressure. (d) 103, Wavelength corresponding to the maxi- mum energy is inversely proportional to the absolute temperature. This is, Ww. (a) Stefan’s. (6). Dalton’s (c) Wien's (d¥ Kirchoffs 104. For concentrating an aqueous solution ofa inaterial like anhydrous NazSO«, whose solubility decreases with rise in tempera- ture, the most suitable evaporator is Bavnsnnen@VAporator. (a) high pressure (®) vacuum (cy backward feed {d) none of these 105. Boiling point elevation of a solution of | _ . NaOH 201 increases’ vapidly with temperature rise. is almost independent of temperature. (c) is almost independent of pressure. {d) both (b) and (c). 106, Maximum water velécity (metro/second) in tubes of a 1-2 shell and tube heat ex: (a) @ changer may be aroufrd (a) 1. 10, {c) 20 (a¥ 30 104, In case of a supercacted solution which is on the verge of crystallisation, the free energy of the solution as compared to that of the solid is ee (a) more () Jess (c) same . (d) more or less; depends on the nature of ~solution 108. Rate «7 crystallisation does not depend tapon the ; (a) extent of supersaturation. (®) turbulence within the solution. {e) number and active surface area of the crystals. (a) none of these. 109, Crystal éize in @ continuous erystalliser depends upon the: (a) rate of heat transfer (b) degree of turbulence * (c) degree of supersaturation + (d) all (a), (b), and (c) 110, The absorptivity of # grey body at a given temperature. with, increasing wavelength of radiation. = (a) increases (®) decreases (c) remains constant (a) may increase or decrease ; depends on the material 111, In-efée of vertical tube evaporator, with increase in liquor Tevel, the overall heat transfer co-eflicient (a) increases (®) decreasesa) 4-33 psi, 10 f. of water, 8.83 inches of () a Psi, 10 ft. of water, 20.7 inches of ) se 19.7 R of water, 23.3 inches of td) Jb 19.7 R. of water, 5.3 inches of Hy 18.For a fluid rotating at constant angular hettity about vertical axis as a rigid body, the pressure intensity varies as the (a) square of the radial distance b) radial distance linearly ‘cl inverse of the radial distance (d) elevation along vertical direction 14, The centre of pressure is ‘c) always below the centroid of the area (6) always above the centroid of the area (©) a point on the line of action of the resul- tant force (2) at the centroid of the submerged area 416.4 rectangular surface 9’x 4’, has the lower 8 edge horizontal and 6’ below a free oil (@) 39.6 e) 49.29 (d) 58 Where, y = specific weight of water 16-A stream tube is that which has, “er08s-sec- Vion entirely bounded by streain lines (a) acireular - “ (6) anyéonvafient () ssmalt (@) alarge 17-Mass velocity is independent oftemperature and pressure when the flow is (a) unsteady through unchanged cross-sec. tion : (b)” steady through changing cross-séction “(© steady and the cross-section ie un- changed (d) unstesd/ Gna the cross-section is changed: 18.In tuzbulentifow, (2 the Quid particles move in an orderly | menner. OBJECTIVE TYPE CHEMICAL ENGINEERING (®) momentum transfer is on molecular scale only. (c)_ shear stress is caused. more effectively by cohesion then Momentum transfer, (@) shear stresses are generally larger than ina similar laminarflow. ‘18. Turbulent flow generally occurs for cases involving m (a) highly viscous fuia (6) verynarrow issages (c) very slowmotion (@) none ofthese 20. An idea} fluid is 7 (@)\ frictionless and incompressible, (©) "one which obeys Newton's law of vis- scosity. ©, highly viscous, (d) “none of these. 21. Steady flow occurs when (@) ‘Conditions change steadily with time, (®) conditions are the same atthe adjacent’ points at any instant, conditions do not change with time at any point, (d) rate ofthe velocity change is constant, 22. Which of the following must be followed by the flow ofa fluid (real or ideal) ? © Newton's law of viscosity (i) Newton's second law of motion (iii) the continuity equation G0) velocity of boundary layer must be zero relative to! eae 2 (©) uid cannot penetrate a boundary. (@) 1,11, I (®) 1m, Vv © LIV. (dy I, 11, Vv. ) 23. Discharge (ft/sec) from 8 24 inch pipe of Mater at 10 sec will bei niun.ft sec, (@) 765°) 33: () 48.22 -(@) 125.6; 24, The unit of velocity head is (a) ft-lb/sec (6) feiba . (c) ft-1b01b (d) ft-1bf/sec.FLUID MECHANICS 28, Bernoulli's equation describes (a) mechanical energy balance in potential flow (b) kinetic energy balance i laminar flow (@) mechanical energy balance in tur- bulent flow 3 (a) mechanical energy balancein boundary layer E 26, The ‘kinetic energy correction factor for velocity distribution of laminar flow is (a) 08 @) 1.66 (1 (a) 2 - atIn Een te the quantity, Be ee . 2g ae (a constant along 4 streamline (B) not constant along a streamline (c)_ increased in the direction of flow (d)* none of these 28. The momentum correction factor forthe | velocity distribution of laminar flow is © ~ (o) 13 @) 1.66 (©), 25 (d) none of these 29, The loss due to sudden expansion is v-v4 (Vi - Va. eile “Vie Ve Tee (e) (d) enone of these 30, Theloss due to sudden contraction is propor- tional to (a) velocity ‘ (b) velocity head. * (e) turbulence (d) none of these 81. The value f-eritical Reynolds number for pipe flows. (a) 1300 (ce) 100,000 . > '82. Reynolds number for flow of water at room re through 2 cm dia pipe at an average velocity of 5 cra/sse is around (2) 2000 @) 10 %) 100 (d) 1000 (b) 10,000 ‘(d@) noné of these 3 $3, Sheer stress in a fluid flowingvin a round pipe ‘ (a) varies parabolicelly acrosé the eross- section. 4 i remains constant over the cross-sec- _ tion, (c). is zero at the eentreland varies linearly swith the radius. * (d) iszeroatthewallandincreaseslinearly to the centre. © 34, Discharge in laminar, flow through @ pipe varies >,» (a) as the équare of the radius (b) inversely as the pressure drop (c)/ inversely as the viscosity (d).asthe square of the diameter. 95. Boundary layer separation is caused by (a). feduction of pressure below vapour pressure (b) reduction of pressure gradient to zero (©) an adverse pressure gradient (@) ‘reduction of boundary layer thickness to zero 96. The friction factor for turbulent flow in hydraulically smooth pipe (a) depends only on Reynolds number. () does not depend on Reynolds number. (@), depends on the roughness. (@)' none of these. Fora given Reynolds number, ina hydraulic, cally smooth pipe, further smoothen: Ingienwnathe friction factor. : (a) brings about ao further reduction of ~ (b) increases (c) decreases (d) none of thesa 3 = 38, Hydraulic radius is the ratio of (a) wetted perimeter to flow area. (b) flow area to wetted perimeter. (6) flow area tonquareof wetted perimeter. (d) square root of flow ares to wetted perimeter. 89, Hydraulic radius of 6” x 12” eress-section, jnches. ~ 0) 05: 4 teurmdesvtciere LD 15 (d), none of these 40, Reynolds number is the ratio of (a) viscous forces to gravity forces. (0) inertial forces to viscous forces, (c) viscous forees to inertial forces. (d) “inertial forces to gravity. forces. ai. Mach. number is the ratio of the speed of the (a) fluid to that of the light (8) light ‘to that of the fluid “(e) uid to that of the sourd (d) sound to that of the fluid 42. Power loss in an orificemeter is ~- in aventurimeter. (c) less than (6) same as (c) more than () data insufficient, cannot tbe predicted 48, The velocity profile for turbulent/flow through a closed conduit is d (a) logarithmic “ (6) parabolié ©) hyperbolic “-(d) linear 44. For laminar flow through a closed conduit (a). Vises ™ 2Vay (b) Vince = Van, (€) Vac = 1.5Vey (d) Vay = Vie 45. f = 16/Npe is valid for (a) turbulent flow (d) laminar flow: through an opin channel (c)_ steady flow. > 4g @ noneofthese (a) where there is no velocity gradient (®) at higher temperatures (ec) only in newtonion fluids (d) none ofthese - 47, Consider two pipés of same length -and diameter through which water is passed at the same velocity.) The friction factor for rough pipe is fivand that for smooth pipe is fz. Pick out the correct relationship.. (a) fA=fe dw hi1 () <5 {@) none of these 52, Prag cree: Ci sven by Gn Se law range) (a) Cow 38 Rep ©. corgi t@) Co= 53. At low Reynolds number | f° - - (a) insu face ara dpe (b)” viscous forces control. (©), viscous foes control sind inertial fr- 5 cesare ui : (a) gravity forces control 54, At high Reynolds number (a) inertial forces control and viscous for. cesare unimportant * 10) >vieclts cae faa (©) inertial freeare unimportant and vis cous forees control (d)" none of these: -—eFEUID MECHANICS 85, For flow of fluids through packed bed, the superficial velocity is (a). less than the average velocity through channels, (b) more than the average velocity through channels (©) dependent on the pressure drop across the bed td) channels’ 56. Pressure drop in flow is given by. (a) Kozney-Karman ” packed bed for laminar equation. (d) Fanning fietion falls? 87, Pressure drop in packed bed for turbulent flow is given by equation. (a) Kozney-Karmann () Blake-Plummer (©) Leva’s (d) Hagen-Poiseulle’s 58. Force acting on a particle settling in fluid are (a): gravitational and buoyant forces. (6) centrifugal and drag forces. (c) gravitational or centrifugal buoyant and drag forces. « (d) external, drag and viscous forges. © 89. Terminal velocity is S _@ ‘a constant velocity with ‘no aeelera- tion, (®) a fluctuating velocity. (©) attained after moving one-half of total distance. * + (d) none of these. 60. In hitidered settling, particles ar- (a) placed farther from the wall. {b) not affected by other Particles and the wall. (c) near each éther. {d). none of theses 61. Drag co-efficient in hindered settling same as the’average velocity through. (6) equal to (c) not necessarily greaterthan (d) always greater than © 62, For the free settling of a spherical particle through a fluid, thesslope of Cp - log Ne , plot is . (a) 1 y-1 fc) 0.5 (d) -0.5 63. In continuous fluidisation (a). solids are completely entrained (6) the'pressuré drop is less than that for batch fluidisation (c)_ there is no entrainment of solidg (dy velobity of the fluid is very small 64, Préssuiedrop in fluidised bed reactor is that in a similar packed bed reactor. (@) Yess than (®)_more than (), sameas . (a) none of these 65-Sjugging in a fluidised bed can be avoided by using (a) tall narrow vessel (®) deep bed of solids (©) shallow beds of solids and pfoper choice. of particle size (d) very large particles ’| 66. Minimum porosity for fluidisation is “ (a) that corresponding to static bed (b) that corresponding to completely fluidised bed (c) the porosity of the bed when trae fluidisation begins (a) less than that of the static bed 67. Ina fluidised bed reactor > (a) temperature gradients are very high. (0) temperature is more or less uniform. (c) hot spots are formed. (d) segregation of the solids occurs. 68. Lower BWG means (a) Jower thickness ~ (b) Yower cross-section . (c) outer diameter (@) inner diameter of the tube.69, Cavitation occurs in a centrifuge) pump when the éuction pressure is (a) less than the vapour pressure of ithe liquid at that temperature greater than the vapour pressure of the liquid at that temperature {c) equal to the vapour pressure (d)_ equal to the developed head 3) 70. Cavitation can be prevented by (a) bly designing the pump. + (®) maintaining the suction head suff- ciently greater than the vapour pres- sure. maintaining suction head = developed head. maintaining suction head lower than the vapour pressure, . tc (a 71. Priming is needed in B......PUMP, (a) reciprocating (b) gear (c) centrifugal (¢) diaphragm 72,The general relationship between s head H, power P and discharge centrifugal pump is. (a) QaN:HaN?:PaNn® (6) QaN*:HaN*:PaN ©) QaN:HaN*:PaNn* (¢) QaM:HaN:PaN? dN, for a 78, The maximum depth from which = centrifugal pump can dram water is (a) dependent on the speed of the pump (6) dependent on the power of the pump (©) 84 feet (d) 150 feet 74, Boiler feed water pump is usually a. pump. (a) reciprocating (6) gear (c) multistage centrifugal (2) diaphragm | 75. Plunger pumps are used for (a) higher pressure an tats (6). slurries (c) viscous mass (d) none.of these > © OBJECTIVETYPE CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 76, Molten’ soap mass is transported by ump. var diaphragm (b) reciprocating (c) gear (d) centrifugal 71.Pump used for transportation of molten sodium in fast breader reactor is ‘aan ump. (a) reciprocating (8) , plunger (c)- electromagnetic (d) gear 78. Tohandle smaller quantity of fluid at higher discharge pressure, use a......pump. : (a) reciprocating (&) centrifugal (c) volute (d) rotary vacwum 79. The head developed by é centrifugal pump is largely determined by the (a) power of the pump (®) nature of the liquid being pumped (c) angle of the vanes and the speed of the tip of the impeller (d) vapour pressure of the liquid 80. The maximum head that ctin bedeveloped by a single impeller i8....ufte (a) 25 (6) 100 © 250 -300. (d) 1000 81. The actual velocity at” venaccontracta for flow through an orifice from a reservoir is given by @) o.. gH 0) Ce. SRT (e) Ca. V2gH. (d) C,.Va 82. The fluid jet discharging from a 2” diameter orifice has a diameter of 1.75” at its vena- contracta. The co-efficient of contraction is (a) 13 (©) 0.766. (©) 0.87 (d) none of these 83, The discharge through a V-notch weir varies as (a) HY? (e) He? @) HM @) H.,FLUID MECHANICS. 4. The discharge through a rectangular weir varies as (ay HY? (b) He? (c) Hes (a) HY 85, Propellers are (a) axial flow mixers (b), low speed impeller. (ce) used for mixing liquids of high viscosity (d) radial flow mixers 86. Turbine impeller (a) produces only radial current (b) produces only tangential current (c) is effective over wide range of vis- cosities Oran ; _-(d) does riot produce tangential current 87, Baffles in mixing tanks are provided to (a), reduce swirling and vortex formation (6) inerease the structural strength of the tank {c) aid in rotational flow (d) none of she 88, Power required for ‘mixing. Aevetouitn fluids isa function of (a) spoed of impeller, diameter of impeller and viscosity (b) density and viscosity of fluid only (c) density of fluid, viscosity of fluid and impeller dia only (d) none of these _ sf ~ 89. Power number is the ratio of (a) drag stress to inertial stress. (b) inertial stress to dragsstress. , ” (b) inertial stress to gravitational stress. (d) ‘gravitational stress to drag stress. 90, Froude number is the ratio of (a) sheaf stress to gravitational stress. () drag stress to shear stress. (c)_ inertial stress to shear stress. (d) inertial stress to gravitational stress. 91. Froude number is not a factor (a) for Reynolds number greater than 300. 92. A pitched-blade turbine draws~ straight blade turbine (a) less power than (6) more power than * (b)_ when there is no vortex formation. (c) for unbaffled tank. (@)_ none of these. (c). same power as (d) data insufficient to predict 93. Scale up of agitator design requires (a) geometrical similarity only () dynamic sin ity only (©) both geometrical and dynamic similarity (2) all geometrical, ayia ‘kinematic similarity 94. Most commonly used joint in underground pipe lines'is _ : (a) sleeve joint (6) couplings (c) flange (d) expansion joint 95. The valve used foryery remote and ac curate control of fluid is a....valve. (a) needle (b) globe (ec). gate (d) butterfly 96, Check: valves are used + (a) at high pressure (6) in bends (c) for controlling water flow (d) for unidirectional flow 97. Which of the following facilitates close control’ of flow of fluids? , (a) gatevalve (b) globe valve (c) Butterfly valve (d) check valve 98. Glass pipes can be joined by (e) flanges (®) welding {c) soldering (d) bell-and-spigot joint 99. The valve commonly used in pipes large than 2” dia isa (a) globe valve (b) plug-cock (©) gatevalve _ (d) check valve. 102. A piezometer provided in pipe measures 106. With increase in pump seed, its NPSH ‘ 100. A 2" gate valve fitted in a pipe is replaced by a similar globe valve. Pressure drop in gate valve was dp. For the same discharge, the pressure drop across globe valve is (a) Ap. : (0) Op- * (a) ap? 2 101. Co-efficient of velocity is..... the coefficient of discharge. + (a) less than (0) more than {c) equal to » ~(d). not related to (a) friction factor (®) static pressure (c) dynamic pressure {d) none of these 103. Function of air vessel provided in a reciprocating pump is to (a) reduce discharge fluctuation, (0) reduce the daniger of cavitation. (c) avoid the necessity of priming. (a) increase the pump efficiency. 104. Head ‘developed by a centrifugal pump depends on its (a). speed * () impeller diameter (c) both (a) and ) - (d)_neithgr:(a) nor (6) - 105. The head loss in turbulent flow in a pipe. varies i z f, (a), as velocity (b) as (velocity)? ‘~c)_ inversely as the square of diameter (d) “inversely as the velocity requirement (a) decreases (b) increases _ (c) remains unaltered (d) can either increase or decrease ; depends on other factors 107. One-dimensional flow implies (a) flow in a straight line (6) -steady uniform flow OBJECTIVE TYPE CHEMICAL ENGINEERING (c) unsteady uniform flow ©, {@) a flow which does not account for chan- ges in transverse direction 108. -In case of centrifugal fan or blower, the gas capacity varies as’ (a) speed (c) (speed)® (b) (speedy? * (d) none of these 109. The continuity equation (a) relates mass flow rate along a stream tube. (8) relates work and energy. (c) stipulates that Newton's second law of - motion must be satisfied at every point in thefluid, (d) none of these, 2 110. Fora specificcentrifugal air blower operat: ing at constant speed and capacity, the Power requirement and pressure vary. (a) directly as square of gas density. (0) directly as gas density, (c) directly as square root of gas density. (d) inversely as gas density: 111. Foot valves are provided in the suction line of acentrifugal pump to - - (a)_ avoid priming every:time wastart the pump. (6) remove the contaminant presént in the 2. liquid. “(e) minimise the fluctuation in discharge. ° (@) control the liquid discharge. - 112. Differential manometer measures - (a) atmospheric pressure (8) subsatmospheric pressure (c) pressure differerice between two points (a) none of these oo 113, Velocity distribution for flow between two fixed parallel plates (a) varies parabolically across the seetion. (} is constant over the entire cross-sec- tion. (c), is zero ‘at the plates and increases linearly to the midplane. (d) none of these.FLUID MECHANICS 114. While starting a centrifugal pump, its delivery valve should be kept (a) opened (b) closed 7 (c) either opened oF closed ; it does not make any difference either opened or closed; depending én the fluid viscosity td 118. A centrifugal pump designed for handiing water (i = 1 cp) will deliver... when pump- ing a thicker oil (4 = 30 cp). (a) less head and capacity (6) more head . {c) more capacity - (2) less head and more capacity 116, Path followed by waterjet issuing from the bottom of a water tank will be a (a) parabola (vertex being at the opening) ~ (6) hyperbola (c) horizontal straight line (d)_2ig-zag path (which is geometrically un- defined) 117. A centrifugal pump loses prime after start- ing. The reason of this trouble may be (a) incomplete priming (®) too high a suction lift (c) low availableNPSH and airleaksin the - suction pipe (2) all @), @), and ic) 118. Flow rate of high velocity flue gas dis- charged through a stack to the atmosphere can be most conveniently measured by a (a) pitottube (6) manometer {e) rotameter —(d). none of these 119. Capacity. of a rotary gear pump can be varied by (a) changing the spéed of rotation. (6) bleeding air into suctibn: (c) bypassing liquid from the suction or discharge line. aree (d) all (d), 6) and (c). 120. Maximum theoretical suction lift for water at 15°C by a centrifugal pump is 34 ft. The same for water at 90°C will be.. (a) 40 8 (6) 34 (d) 37 121.Friction factor for a hydraulitally smooth * pipe at Ne = 2100is/), Ifthe pipe is further ‘smoothened (i.c., roughness is reduced), the friction factor at the same value of Nee, will (a) increase (b) decrease (c) remain unchanged (d) increase or decrease depending on the pipe material 122. For liquid flow through a packed bed, the ‘superficial velocity as compared to average velocity through the channel in the bed is (@) more (b) less (c) equal (d) independent of porosity 123. Vena-contracta formed during flow of a lig: uid “rough an orificemeter has um liquid cross-section. . more diameter compared to. otifice diameter. minimum velocity of fluid stream. fone of these, - 124.Reciprocating pumps compared to . centrifugal pumps (a). deliver liquid'at uniform pressure. () can handle slurries more efficiently. (c) are not subject to air binding: (d) can be operated with delivery valve closed. 125.A tube is specified by its _ (a) thickness only (b) outer diameter only (c) thickness and outer diameter both (d) inner diameter 126. For pipes that must be broken at intervals for maintenance, the connector used should be a/an . . (a): union (6) tee (c) reducer (d) elbow10 : 127. If more than two branches of pipes are to be connected at the same point, then use e/an ta) elbow (b) union fc) tee (d) noneof these. 128.The most ecoriomical valve for use with large diameter pipes is (a) butterily valve (6) globe valve te ngedle valve (d) none of these 129. Which of the following factors does not cbn- tribute to the presscre drop in a pipeline ? (a) velocity of fluid - . (b) ‘size of pipe (c). lerigth of pipe and number of bends (ct) none of these. 190. Which ofthe following can be used to create a flow of gas where no significant compres, Sion is required ? (a) reciprocating compressor (a) blower (c)_ axial flow compressor (d) centrifugal compressor 131, Erosion and pits formation on the impeller of a centrifugal pump may be due to (a) cavitation () low speed of impeller (c) its operation with delivery valve closed for considerable time afterstarting the pump { d) off centering of pump'with motor 152.Which of the followingsvalves will incur maximum pressure drop for the same diss charge of water? (a) globe valve “(b) gate valve (c) needlevalves(@), butterfly valve - 133. While starting an axial flow, pump, its delivery valve should be kept (a) open — (b) closed (c) either open or close: (d) none of these 134. Identification, of pipelines carrying dif- ferent liquids and gases is done by ~ ‘oftthe pipe. (a) diameter (6) colour {c) altitude (d) none of these OBJECTIVE TYPE CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 335.A centrifugal pump has the following © specifications : Power- 4 H.P.; Speed. 800 rpm Head = 8 metres ; Flow 1000 litres/minutes. . IC its speed is halved, then the new head will (b) 4 @) 55 196, Inquestion No. 135, the power consumed (BP, Yow will be (a), 05 tc} 4 ) 2 da 137. fe question No. 135, the new iadiahge Alitres/minute) will be “{@) 500 (6) 200 () 1000 (a) 750 38. Interstage coolers are provided ir @ multi- stage compressor to (a) save power in compressing 8 given volume to’a given pressure. (b) cool the delivered air (c) achieve the exact delivery (d) none of these 139. Surge tanks are ® provided in high pressure water pipelines to (a) store adefinite quantity of water all the time (b) reduce water hammer (c) facilitate easy dismantling of pipeline for cleaning and maintenance (d) none of these 140. Pipes having diameter 14 inches or more are designated by their (a): outside diameter (d) inside diameter | (c), schedule number (d) none of these 141, Disc compensators are provided in large diameter gas carrying pipelines to (a) keep the pipe in proper orientation. (b)_ make the pipe joint leak-proof, (©). account for contrection/expansion of pipe due to temperature changes of the surroundings.[FLUID MECHANICS (d) account for pressure variation inside the pipeline. 142. Mominal Pipe Size (NPS) of a pipe less than 12 inches in diameter indicates its (a) inner diameter (6) outer diameter (c) thickness @) neither inner nor outer diameter 148.The most important factor which deter- mines the maximum height to which water cain be lifted by a pump at standard temperature (15°F) isthe (a). barometric pressure () speedof the impeller (c) diameter of the impeller (d) both (b) and (c) 144.Gear pump positive displacement pump, (®) isa centrifugal pump. (c) is a non-positive displacement pump, (d) can be started with delivery valve | closed. 145.When the water is warm, the height td which it can be lifted by a pump (a) decreases due to reduced viscosity. (b) decreases due to reduced vapour pres- sure, () increases due ta ncreased vapour pres- sure; (d) decreases due to inereased frictional resistance, 146. For flow through a venturi at a particular discharge, the correct relationships among heads at pointSX, ¥, and Z are (a) hi>hachs fe) haha>hs (d) hishoViand Ve V3 () Vi>Ve>Vs (d) none of these. 148, Multistagecentrifugal pumps are general- ly used for » (a) high head . (8) low head But high discharge (c) highly-viseous liquid ‘(d) slurries of high solid concentration 149, Centrifugal pump can't be used to pump (a) molten sodium (used as a coolant in ~~ Fast Breeder Reactor). ‘Moderately viscous vegetable oil used in soap industry. @ thick molten soap at 80°C. (d): rione of the above. : 450. Volute type of casing is pase toed) ina centrifugal pump to (a) convert velocity head to pressure head. (6) convert pressure head to velocity head. (c) reduce the discharge fluctuation. (d) increase the discharge. 151. A pump operating under specific condi- tions delivers insufficient quantity of liq- uid. This may be set right by (a)’ decreasing the size of the inlet pipe. (®) increasing the size of the inlet pipe. (c) lowering the pump position, (2) both (b) and (). 152, Delivery of insufficient gua of liquid by a pump may be caused by + (a) airleak in the inlet () low rpm (c) tuo high a litt (d) all(a), (b) and (c) 153, Actual lif ofa pump is always less than the theoretical lif and is limited by (a) specific gravity and temperat@re of the liquid, (&) leakage an pressure decreasing at higher elevations.(c) frictional resistance through pipes, fit tings and passages. td) all (a);(b) and (c). 154, Nominal size of the discharge pipe of pumpis usvally...,.thenominal ize ofthe . inlet pipe. (a) smallerthan (6) larger than (c) sameas (@) twice. 155. Horsepower requirement for given pump capacity depends upon the * a) sp. gr. of the liquid (8) suction lift (ce) discharge head td) all (), (6) and (c) * 156. Which of the following is the most common + for pumping cither raw sewage or sludge? (a) electromagnetic pump (8) centrifugal pump (c) reciprocating pump (d) gear pump 187. The pump used for irrigation purposes is. generally designed for (q) large capacity and high head. (b), large capacity and low head. (c)_ small capacity and high head, +(d) . small capacity and low head. 158, Self-priming centrifugal pumptean bé used for. (a) booster service, (6) pumping liquid fertilisers (e.g. liquid NHa). A (c) pumping industrial wastes. (d) all (a), (6) ande). 189. LD. of 1/4” schedule 40 pipe is 0.364”. LD. of a We" schedule 40 pipe would be. F (a) 4.728 @) 05 (e) 0.622 Aid) 0.474 160. With increase in the schedule number of a pipe ofa particular nominal size (a) the wall thickness also increases. (8) LD. of the pipe decreases. (e)-O.D, of the pipe remains constant. (d) all (a),(}) and (@) ‘OBJECTIVE TYPE CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 161, The nominal size of a hose pipe is preci by its a (a) 1D. (@) thickness (8) OD. (@) none of these 162. Fanning friction factor equation applies to the uid flow. (a) non-isothermal condition of (b) compressible (c) both (a) and (6) (a) neither (a)nor (b) 163. Which’of the following may be termed as variable orifice flowmeter ? (a)rotameter (6) pitot tube (e) V-notch © (@) all (a), (b) and (e) 164,Pressure gradient in the pipe flow is in- fluenced by the (a) diameter of pipe {(b)) velocity of the fluid (@) density and viscosity of the flu.d (2) all (a), (6) and (e) 165. Check in a centrifugal piamp is (a) provided in the discharge line. (b) generally a globe » (c)_ provided to prevesit liquid from backing up through the pump when the pump is turned off or accidently stops running. All (a), (b) and (ec). d 166, The vent valve provided in a liquid han- dling centrifugal pump is (a) generally a needle valve. (&) used to release any gases that might be vapour locking the pump. (c) helpful in easy removal of samples. (d) all (a), (b) and (ec). 167. Cavitation in a centrifugal pump resulis from (a) high discharge pressure (8) low barometric pressure (c) high discharge velocity (@) high discharge rate 168. Which of the following is used for pumping crude oil frém oil well ? (a) single stage centrifugal pump (®) gear pumpFLUID MECHANICS (c) screw pump (d) duplex/triplex reciprocating pimp 169. Which of the following is most prone to pulsating discharge flow ? (a) centrifugal pump (8). reciprocating pump ‘oe (c)_ gear pump (d) axial flow pump 170. A centrifugal pump designed to pump water is employed to pump a more viscous oil. In the later case, the pump (a) develops a lower head (0) capacity is reduced (c) requires more power (2) all (a) , (6) and (c) 175. Equivalent length of a pipe fitting is (a) dependent on Reynolds number. (8) independent of Reynolds number. (c) dependent on the length of the pipe. , @), none of these, 176. Creeping flow around.a sphere is defined when particle Reynolds number is {a) < 2100 () <0.2 © >25 (@) < 500 177, Pressure drop (Ap) for a fluid flowing in turbulent flow through a pipe is a function of velocity (V) as fa) vit (e) v? (v4 @), v? “ine With a constant diameter impeller of a | 178 4 quid (#2 0.01 em®/see) is moving. at centrifugal pump 7 . critical’ flow “tondition (Nae = 2100) a aa varies directly as square of rough pipe of dia Sem, Velocity of ow (©) head varies is the square of speed. ee coe () horsepower input varies asthe square |“) Fogg ae (d) head varies as the speed. ' 179, Multistage compressors. are used in in- dustry, because {ey 172. Ataconstantspeedofthe centrifugal pump the impeller diameter. (a) capacity varies directly with (a) reduce the cost of compressor. () reduce the size requirement. (b) head varies as the square of diameter . (¢). horsepower varies as the cube of (d) ail (@), (Sand (er . ere ofa’ Tiquid varies... with tempera exponentially (0) linearly « () logarithmically: (d) none of these 174, Pick out the Hager Paine equation (a) 2. ao B: (b) aa Pe soils a 2 aa 2! ulv =) w.Ve © oo gD, wy; 2) Ve &.D, (c) resemble closely to isothermal com- pression. : (d), are essy to contral.: = 180, For pumping slurry, one can ute a— pump. } (a) reciprocating (b) aanicapee si (c)' centrifugal (d) pneumatic | 181. The pressure head of a flowmeter remains * constant for 7 (a) venturimeter (b) orificemeter (c) rotameter (d) pitot tube 182. A mercury (specific gravity = 13.6) manometer connected across an orificemeter fitted in a pipe shows a manometer reading of 2 ems: If the manometer liquid is ‘changed to carbon tetrachloride (specific gravity = 1.6) then for the same flow rate of water the new manometer reading Will bé,...0.i.«.CM®8(a) 7 () 42 (©) 84 (ay18 183. For very low pressure and high discharge rate, the compressor used is 2/20. ynsnsCOMPFOSSOF. (a) axial (b) reciprocating (el rotary {d)» none of these 184, Ina dry packed bed, the pressure drop will be changed by increasing the flow rate as ta) vie verve ta V (dy v7 185. Reynolds number for water flow through a tube of LD. 5 cm is 1500, If a liquid of 5 centipoise viscosity and 0.8 specific gravity flows in the same pipe at the same velocity, | then the pressure drop will (a) increase hs (d) decrease (c) remain same (d) data insufficlent to predict pressure’ drop 3 186, A fluid is pumped at the rate of 10 Ib/sec to ight of 55 ft. The horse power required is (@) 1 (b) 10/55 fe) 5.55. = (d) 55 ” 187. A liquid is pumped at the rate of 600 litres using 1000 rpm. If the rpm is changed to 1100, the liquid pumped (a), 600 (&) 660 (c) W1 (d) 60 188, For the same flow rate of a fluid, the pres- sure drop is the least for ia) venturimeter (b) orificemeter (c) Mow-nozzle (¢). Apis same for all 189, Two fluids are flowing through two similar pipes of same diameter. The Reynold’s number is same. For the same flow rate if the viscosity ofa fluid is reduced to half the valve of the first fluid the pressure drop will, (a) increase (b) decrease (c) remain unchanged OBJECTIVE TYPE CHEMICAL ENGINEERING (d) data insufficient to predict relative pressure drop 190, Net positive suction head (NPSH) of a centrifugal pump must be : (a) greater than the vapour pressure of the liquid. tb) less than the vapour pressure of the liquid. (c). equal to the vapour préssure of the lig uid, (d) less than barometric pressure. 191, A centrifugal pump used to pump water is° used to pump an oil with specific gravity of 0.8 at the same rate, The power consump- - tion will now (a) increase (b), decrease (c) remain same (d) ‘data insufficient to predict, 192, Assuming flow to be laminar, if the diameter of the pipe is halved ‘then the pressure drop will (@) increase —(b) decrease . (c) remain same -(d) be quadrupled 198. For the transfer ey Fale of thick sian. the pump used is (a) reciprocating (b) gear (©) diaphragm ~ (d) none of these 194, Pick out the Kozney-Karmann equation (valid for low Nae) for fluid flow through beds of solids. SPog bY , omg 0) f= RA 108 = Op fe Dae L.Vo 8S on =A ge Dp. 1 SE AG ane gee te) =150 195. Pick out the Blake Plummer equation (valid for large Nre) for fluid flow through beds of solids from the alternatives given: in the question No. 194.FLUID MECHANICS 196, When the pipe Reynold’s number is 6000, : the flow is generally (a) viscous (®) laminar (ec) turbulent (d) transition 197. Diaphragm pumps are used to transport (a) solids (®) liquids te) fi (d) liquids containing solids 198. Cocks are used to control ‘ (a) water (®) anyliquid (c) solids (d) none of these 199. Check valve is used for (a) very precise control of (6) unidirectional (c)_ multidirectional } @) none of these 200. Nominal size of a pipe is an indication of diamever. i oer (®) outer (c) approximate (d) none of these vthseve ea teal Bue Land B #0, then the flu (a) Newtonian ie dilatant, _ ©) thixotropic (@)rheopectic ‘202. Bernoul’ 's equation accounts for (q). various momentums: (6) various masses {c) different forms of mechanical energy (d) none of these ~~ 203. Bernoulli's equation is dependent on (a). Ist law of thermodynamics, (®). ard law of thermodynamics. (c) law of conservation of momentum’. (d)_none of these. . 1-204, Cavitation in a pump creates so many un- desirable effects: Out of the following, which is not an ‘undesirable effect created by cavitation ? (a) decrease in effect i (4) ‘increase in thrust : ‘(@). developsnoise {d) develops high pressure 15 205.A rotameter works on the principle Of nnopressure drop. (a). constant (a) ae (a) nor () 206, Enamels and paints are generel- ly. fluid. oe (a) rebeopectic _(b)_pseudo-plastic (c) thixotropic (@) dilatant 207. For ideally incompressible fluid, the mach number will be (a) 15 (c) 0 @) 1 @) 5 208.Select the correct statement. (a) The discharge through a venturimeter depends upon Ap only and is inde- pendent of orientation of the meter. (8) A venturimeter with a given gage dif- ~ ference discharges at a greater rate when the flow is vertically downward through it than when the flow is verti- cally upward. For a given pressure difference, the dis- charge of gas is greater through a ven- * turimeter when compressibility is taken into account than when it is neglected. ‘The overall pressure loss is the same in a given pipe line whether a ven- turimeter or a nozzle with the same throat dia is used. ‘© @) 209. SeJect the correct practical example of steady non-uniform flow. (a) motion of water around a ship inalake. (b) motion of river around bridge piers. (c) steadily decreasing flow through a ~ reducing section. (d) steadily increasing flowthrougha pipe. - 210, Astreamline is . (a) the line connecting the mid-points of flow cross-sections, defined for uniform flow only. drawn normal to the velocity vector at every point, (b) () (d always the path of a particle,16 ra.* 211, In which of the follawing cases itis possible for flow to occur from low pressuye tohigh. pressure? (a) flow of liquid upward in « vertical pipe (b) flow through a converging section {e) flow of air downward in'pipe _ | (d) ‘impossible in @ constant cross-section | conduit d 212, The head loss in turbulent flow in a pipe- varies (a) directly asthe velocity. (b) inversely ag the square of the velocity. (c) approximately as the square of the velocity, (d) . inversely as the square of thediameter. 213, ‘The continuity equation in ideal fluid flow | states that the (a) netrate of inflow inte any small volume mist be zero. energy is not ‘constant along a stream- line. (c)_ energy is constant along a streamline." (21 there exists a velocity potential, >» 214, Which of the following i parameter? () angular velocity (specific weight (.) kinematic viseosity (ci none of these 215. 'Vhith of ‘he begga awa less parimeter? | (a) pressure-co-efficient (6; Froude number (c) kinematic viscosity (d). Weber number dimensionless 216. The pressure co-efficient is the ratio of pressure forces t0.,......forces, (a) viscous (b) inertial (c) gravity (d). surface tension 217, In laminar flow through a round tube, the |' discharge varies (a) linearly as the viscosity (®) inversely as the pressure drop (c) inversely as the viscosity (2) as the square of the radius OBJECTIVE TYPE CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 218. The Prandtl mixing length is (a) . zero at the pipe wall and is « universal ‘constant. independent of radial distance from the pipe axis, independent of the shear stress. useful for computing laminar flow problems. @) fe) @) 219, Boundary layer separation is caused by (a) reduction of pressure to vapour pres- sure. the boundary layer thickness reducing to zero, an adverse pressure gradient. reduction of pressure gradient to zero. ) «) (da) ‘| 220, Boundary laye: separation occurs when (a) the pressure reaches a minimum. (b) the cross-section of the channel is reduced. (c) avalve is closed. (d) the velocity’of sound is reached. '| 221. The termine] velocity of a small sphere settling in a viscous fluid varies as the (a) first power of its diameter. (&)’ inverse of the fluid viscosity. (e) inverse square of the diameter. (2) square of the difference in specific -Meighta of eid and uid, 8. ‘The tere nob de) ‘ow gentrally varyasthe ~ (c) inverse of the roughness * (b) first power of the roughness (e): square cf the velocity (d) inverse square of hydraulic radius 223. In turbulent flow, a rough pipe has the same friction factor as a smooth pipe (a) in the zone of complete turbulence. (b) when the roughness projections are much smaller than the thickness of the laminar film. everywhere in the transition zone, when the friction factor.is independent of the Reynold's numbrr. (e) @)FLUID MECHANICS 224, In the complete turbulence-zone (in rough pipes) (a) rough and smooth pipes have thé same friction factor. (8) the laminar film covers the roughness projections. {e) the friction factor depends upon Nre on factor is independent of the relative roughness. 225. The length of the tube necessary for the , boundary layer to reach the centre of the tube and for fully developed flow to be established is called the. Jength. (a) equivalent . (b) transition (c) Prandtl mixing | (d). none of these * 226: Transition length for a turbulent fluid entering into a pipe is around----- times pipe diameter. fa) 5 ~ () 50 (e) 500 (d) 1000 . 227, If the discharge of a centrifugal pump is throttled, then its suction lift (a) increases (b) decreases’ (e), remains unchanged (d) data insufficient to predict 228, Remote control valved ig. 48) gate (b) butterfly (2) needte- (a) globe 229, Purpose of relief valve in a reciprocating pump is to (a) protect the pump against developing excessive pressure. facilitate unidirectional flow of liquid, reduce the discharge pressure. control the rate of discharge. 280. Centrifugal compressors compared to reciprocating compressors ~ (a) require less space. (b) have quieter operation, (c) have lower operating costs. . (2) all (a), (6) and (c). @) «) (a) 7 231. Which of the following produces maximum __ pressure difference for transportation of geses? (a) vaccum pumps (b) blowers (c) fans (d) compressors 232, With increase in molecular weight of the gas, the head “developed by centrifugal compressor will (a) decrease (b) increase (c) remain same . (d) unpredictable 283, Horsepower increase of a centrifugal gas compressor without altering the volumetfie flow rate will the gas discharge pressure. (a) increase (b) decrease {c) not change (@) unpredictable from data 284. The fluid property which inatters for fall- ing rain drops to acquire spherical shape is its . (a) pressure (c) viscosity (0): height of descend (d) surface tension 295. Ina stabilised soap bubble, pressure inside it compared to external pressure is (a) more : (b) less fe) same (d) unpredictable frem data. 1 236, For an incompressible fluid, the bulk modulus of elasticity is _ (a) 5 kg/m? (b) oo N/m? > @) IN- (@) Om*™N 237,Correction for capillary effect in manometers (used for pressure measure- ment) need not be applied ifdiameter of the manometer, tube (a) <4 (b) >4 ‘(c) > 12.5 (d) <10 238, The bulk modulus of elasticity of a liquid (a) is zero for incompressible liquid. (b) decreases with pressure.8 (c) is independent of temperature and pressure. (d) increases with pressure. 239. Choose the correct set of dimensions of vis-" cosity that are equivalent. Mo) FL°T, ML"T" () FL, ML'T? (ce) MLOT*, FUL*T (d) FULT, MLT* where, FM, L, Tare dimensions for force, mass, length and time respectively. 240. If two capillary tubes of dia.0.5 mm and 1 mm are dipped in a pot containing mer- cury, then the rise of mercury is (a) same in both tubes (8) greater in 1 mm dia tube (c) greater in 0.5 mm dia tube (d) zero in both tubes 241. Which of the following is a Newtonian, fluid? 4 (a) rubber latex . (b) sewage sludge : (e) quicksand . ‘ (d) non-colloidal solution . 242, Which law/principle of solid mechanics is similar/equivalent to Newton's law of vis- cosity in fluid mechanics ? (a) Archimedes principle (b) Newton's second law of motion (c) Hooke's law (d) Newton's third law of motion 243, Which is correct for a centrifugal pump ?. (a) D= 1840 HSN () D= 1840 N/H* (c) H= 1840 D°S/N (d) D=1840H/N where D = Impeller diameter, inches H = Head developed, ft of liquid pumped N= Speed of pump, rpm. 244, The schedule number of a pipe is an indica- tion ofits. (a) size (b) roughness (©) material density (d) wall thickness OBJECTIVE TYPE CHEMICAL ENGINEERING. 245. The co-efficient of discharge of an orificemeter is a function of (a) Reynolds number at the orifice. () ratio of orifice dia to pipe dia. (©) both (a) and (6). (d) none of the above parameters and has ‘constant value of 0.61. 246, Volume of liquid displaced by a floating Body is equivalent to its (a) own weight (®) submerge () own volurie (d) submerged volu igh 247, Which of the fol: «ing denote: “he effect of compressibility in fluid flow ? (a) Weber number (b) Mach (e) Euler number (d) Reyti mber i 248, Momentum correction factor usew 0 “uid flow problems accounts for (a) change in direction of flow (®) change in total energy (c) change in pressure (d) non uniform direction of velocities at inlet and outlet sections * 249. Pascal wat ui (a) accelerating frictionless (b) static (c)_uniformly moving (a) none of these 250. What is the value of fanning friction factor ‘f'for sincoth pipe at Nre=10® ap proximately? (a). 0,003 @ 01 # is not applicable for @) 001” @) 03 251. The distribution of shear stress in a stream of fluid in a circular tube is (a) linear with radius for turbulent flow only, (®) linear with radius for laminar flow only. (©) linear with radius for both laminar and turbulent flow. (d) parabolic with radius for both laminar and turbulent flow;FLUID MECHANICS 252, What is the unit of kinematic viscosity in Sl unit? fi (a) m*/sec (b) N/m? . see - (c) kg.see/m —(d) none of these 258. One dimensional fluid flow means (a) flow in straight lines only uniform flow steady uniform flow flow in which transverse components are zero 284, The discharge through a semi-circular weir varies as (@) H ) H () HY? @ HY? where, H= Head of liquid. 4, 255A pressure of 10 m head of water is ‘equivalent to... KN/m? (a) 98 @) 147 (©) 196 @) 49 256. Differential manometer measures (a) absolute pressure “(b) gauge pressure (c) pressure difference (d)_ pressure gradient 257, The unit of dynamic viscosity in SI unit is (a) kg/m sec {b) N¢m? (©) ‘m*/see (d) m/N see 258. Pressure co-efficientis the ratioof pressure forces to... forces. (a) gravity (®) inertial (c) viscous (d) none of these 259, Gradually varied flow in open channel is, * AlaBennmflOW., steady uniform steady non-uniform unsteady uniform unsteady non-uniform (a) ) tc) @), 260, Liquid delivery by centrifugal pump starts only when the head developed by itis equal tothe... head, (a) manometric ‘(b) static (c) total (d) friction 19 261, Power required by a centrifugal pump is proportional to (o) N*p3 () ND? ©) N?D (a) NSD8 where, D = diameter, N = r.p.m. 262, Specificspeed ofa centrifugal pumprelates it with another pump having the (c) dynamic similarity (b) game efficiency {c) same speed (€) geometrical similarity 268. Which of the following quantities are com: puted by using the hydraulic radius for non-circular ducts ? : () ) © velocity and relative roughness head loss and velocity * Reynold number, relative roughness and head loss Reynolds number and friction factor (d) 264, What is the maximum theoretical suction if (metres) of a reciprocating pump ? (a) 5 () 50 265, In case of a centrifugal pump, the ratio of total delivered pressure to pressure developed with the impeller is called.... of ficiency. (a)" manometrie (b)’ mechanical (c) volumetric (2) overall 266. A piezometer opening mesaures the fluid pressure. (a) static (&) undisturbed (c) total (d) dynamic 267. An ideal fluid is (@) non-viscous (b) incompressible (e) both (a) and (6) (d) neither (a) nor (6) 268, What is the speed of eound (mveec) in crdi- nary water? (a) 150 (6) 330 (d) 8000 + @ 100020 269. A floating/submerged body is always stable if its centre of gravity (a) lies above its centre of buoyancy. (b) and centre of buoyancy coincide. {c) lies below its centre of buoyancy. , (d) lies above its meta centre. 270, The pressure at a point in a fluid is not the ~ same in all directions when the flu? is viscous and . (a? moving (ce) cold 4) static (2) hot 271. Which of the following is not dimension- less? . (a) Proude number (b) kinematic viscosity (c) pressure co-efficient (d) none of these ‘272. The speed’of sound in an ideal gas varies asthe (c) temperature (b) -pressure (c) density (d) none of these 273, The Navier-stokes equations deals with the law of conservation off (a) mass (b) energy {© both (a) & &): (4) momentum 274, A‘double acting reciprocating pump com- “pared to a single acting pump (of almost same size working under same pressure | Jevelé) would give almost double (a) head (b) -discharge (c) efficiency (d) none of these 278. Which ofthe following pipe bends willl incur the largest head loss? (a) U-bend (b) 30° bend (c) 45'bend —(d) 90" bend 276. Air vessel provided in a reciprocating pump is for (a) increasing the acceleration head. (b) making the friction in pipe uniform. {c)_ decreasing the acceleration head, (d) none of these. 277. Two dimensional stream function (a) relates velocity and pressure. (6) is constant along a stream line. OBJECTIVE TYPE CHEMICAL ENGINEERING (©) is constant along an equipotential sur- face, (d) none of these. , 278. Specific speed of a centrifugal pump depends on..... head. (a) suction < (b) delivery (c) manometric (d) none of these | 279, The specific speed of a pump is défined as the speed of a unit of such a size that it (a) delivers unit discharge at unit head. ° (®) requires unit power for unit head. (c) delivers unit discharge at unit power. (d) none of these. 280. Acceleration head in a reciprocating pump (a) increases. the work done. during: delivery stroke, (6) decreases the work done duritig suction stroke, (©) does not change the work requirement of the pump, (d) increases the work. done during suction stroke. 281, The normal stress is the same inall direc- tions at a point in a fluid when the fluid is (a) non-viscous (®). incompressible (c) doth (@) and ) (d) havingno motion ofone fluid layer rela- live tothe other ‘282. Cavitation in a Senki Pimple can, ube avoided by keeping the -. (a) inlet pressure high (6) outlet pressure low (c) inlet pressure low (d) outlet pressure high 283. A reliefvalve 2 (a) ‘provides back pressure for a cylinder () unloads a pump (c) isa directional control valve - (2) © ne ofthese 20. wesign of the casing of centrifugal pump should be such as to minimise the * (a) back flow through impeller () ‘loss of kinetic heada a ) © impulse FLUID MECHANICS, + (c) loss of static head (d) none of these 285. Whicl of the following assumptions er the Euler's equation of motion to be integrated 2 : (a) the fluid-is incompressible (b) the fluidis non-viscous (©) the continuity equation is satisfied (@) ie flow is rotational and incompres- sible 286, Centrifugal pumps are normally classified cn the basis of () its rpm (®) type of casing (c) impeller blade angle (d) number of blades in impeller "987. The rete of change of moment of moinen- tum represents-the...... by the fluid. (a) torque applied (b) force exerted (c) workdone _ (d) power developed 288. In parallel pipe problems, the (a) head lossisthesame through each pipe. (b) discharge is the same through all the pipes. 4 (c). total head loss is equal tothe sum of the head losses through each pipe. (d), none of these. 289, The’ speed of a sound wave in a gas is analogous to the speed of (a) an elementary wave in an open chan- nel. (b) flow in an open channel. (©) a disturbance travelling upstream in moving fluid. (d) none of these, 290. Foot valves provided in pumps a valves." (a) relief (®) three/four way {c) pressure reducing (d) directional contro) 21. A hydraulic ram acts as a/an (a) centrifugal pomp. (b) reciprocating (@) parallel cylind2r a 292, Various efficiencies of a centrifugal pump are related as . (a) Mma X Nw X Tw = Ne (d) Mm = Ne. Nata + (2) nme = Mm X Ne (@) = Me X Thee where, Tim = mechanical efficiency, nu = volumetric efficiency. Tima = manometric efficiency, No = overall efficiency 293, A centrifugal pump is called a turbine pump, ifit is having (a) turbine type impeller (b) vaned diffusion casing (c) rotating vandd volute (d) none of these i 294, Euler's equation of motion states that at every point, the (@) fluid momentum is constant (®) force per unit mass equals acceleration (c) rate of mase outflow is equa! to the rate of mass inflow (d) none of these 295. A mixed flow céntrifugal pump (a) employs such an impellér through which the flow is a combination of radial and axial flow (b) mixes the two fluids before pumping + ‘them (c) pumps the two fluids separately and then mixes them (@ employs impellers in both radial and axial directions 296. The blades of a centrifugal impeller sre said to be curved forward if ..... of the motion of impeller blades. (a) inlet tip ofa blade curves in a direction opposite to that. (6) outlet tipofa blade curvesin a direction opposite to that (c) inlet tip of a blade is towards the direc- tion re (d) outlet tipofabladeis towards the direc- tion 297. The temperature in isentropic flow22 (a) does not depexd on Mach number, (8) depends on Mach number only. (c) cannot drop and then increase again downstream. (d) none of these. 298, Which of the following two quantities when same, makes one pipe system equivalent to another pipe system ? (a) head and discharge _(b) length and discharge (c) length end diameter (d) friction factor and diameter. 299. During ageing of fluid carrying pipes, the {a) pipe becomes smoother with use. (®) friction factor increases linearly with time. absolute roughness decreases with time. absolute roughness increases linearly with time, (ce) a) 300. What is the co-efficient of contraction, if a fluid jet discharging from a 50mm diameter, ovifice has a 40 mm diameter at its ven: contracta ? (a) 0.64 (6) 1.65 fe) 0.32 (2) 0.946 801. Pick out the correct statement pertainingto flow through a converging diverging tube, (a) The value of Mach number is always unity at the throat. 2 No shock wave develops. inthe tube when the Mach number at exit is greater than unity. (c) Throughout the converging portion of the tube, the density increases in the downstream direction. - (d) none of these. () 302. Purpose of hydraulic accumulator is to (a) ensureintermittant supply ofhydraulic pressure; (®) increase the pressure and storé/acr cumulate ity (©) accumulate pressure to increase force, (d) genetate high pressure to operate hydraulic machines like cranes, lifts, Presses ete. OBJECTIVE TYPE CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, 303. The simple pitot tube does not measure (a) static pressure () dynamic pressure (c) velocity at the stagnation point (@) all (a), (b) and (c) 304. For steady ideal fluid flow. the Bernoulli's equation sté¥es that the (a) velocity is constant along a streamline. () energy is constant throughout the fluid (c) energy is constant along a stream'line but may vary across stream lines (d) none of these ‘ F 305, The dimension of kinematic viscosity is (@) ML?T @) rt (c) ML*T? (@) none of these 306. An equipotential line is ..... vector at every point. (a) normal tothe velocity (b) normal:to the vorticity (c) tangentialto the velocity (d)_none of these 307. The dimension of dynamic viscasity is () ML" T @) Wr? (c) "LT? @) MULT? 308, A stream line is (a) fixed in space in steady flow. (b) always the path of particle. . (©) drawn normal to the velocity vector at every point. a line connecting the mid points of flow cross-section. (@) 309, Volute of a centrifugal pump should be designed in such a fashion that (a). kinetic head gets converted into static head moving stream gradually reduces, velocity the mean velocity remains constant none of these ib) (e) (a) 310, The continuity equation (a) is independent of the compressibility of the fluid. () is dependent upon the viscosity of the fluid.FLUID MECHANICS: (c) represents conservation of mass. {d) none of these. S11. Priming of a centrifugal pump is done to (a) increase the mass flow rate of fluid (b) develop effective pressure rise by the pump. avoid chances of seperation inside the impeller. {d) none of these. te) 312, The curve of metacentre for 5 (a) (hy ©) @ is always below is the evolute of intersects at right angle is tangential to » 313. The Stoke's stream function applies to (a) irrotational flow only (8) ideal/non-viscous fluids only (c) cases of axial symmetry (a) none of these 314. Capacity of a hydraulic accumulstor is defined in terms of maximum q {a) amount of energy stored (b) flow rate through accumulator (c) rate of falling of ram (a) volume available in the cylinder 315. Choking in c2be of pipe flow means that (a). the specified mass flow rate’tan not be achieved. (b) a valve is closed inthe line (c) a restriction in flow/crdss-section area occurs. (d) none of these? 816, If'x’ is the depthof flow in an open channel of large width, then the hydraulic radius is equal to (a) x (0) 2/2 fe) x/3 (d). 22/3 317. A hydraulie accumulator comprises of (a) astorage device and a control valve (b) caeylinder and a plunger (c)-two pistons and two cylinders (d) a storage tank and a ram pump 23 318, Hydraulic diameter for non-cire star ducts is equal to..... times the area of ficw divided by the perimeter. (a) two (b) three (©) four (d) eight 319. The distance between metacentre and.....uis balled metacentric height. (a) water surf (0) centre of gravity (©) centre of buoyancy (d) none of these 320, The lint action of the buoyant force acts.” thoughthe (a) centroid of the displaced volume of fluid (e). centre of gravity of a submerged body (ce) €entroid of the volume of any floating | | body {dj none of these 821; The dimension of surface tension is fa) ML = @) MT? te) MLT? (d} MLAT 322. Steady fluid flaw ocours when the sesivs: tive of flow variables satisfy the condition lout (65 = Ae (a) Zoo () Ze eonstant (a) = constant 928, Uniform fluid flow occurs when the'deriva- tive of the flow variables satisfy the con: ) constant @ 2. constant 324, The pitot static tube does not measure the..uoipressure, (a) static (2) total (c) difference in static and dynamic (a) all (a), (6) and (e) 325, In deriving Bernoulli's equation, fluid is assumed to be (a) incompressible, frictionless, steady, along a streamline.() uniform, steady, incompressible, along astreamline. | _ (©) steady, density being pressure depend- ent, frictionless. (d) none of these. 326. The ratio of actual discharge to theoreti¢al discharge through an orifice is equal to (a) Ce.Cy () Ce. Ce fc) Cu. Ce (d) Ca/Cy 827. For flow through an orifice'from a reser- voir, the actual velocity at the vena con- tracta is given by (a) VOgh_ tc) Cuvagh 328, The discharge through a venturimeter depends upon’ (a) pressure drop only (0) its orientation {c) co-efficient of contraction only {d) none of these 329, Pick out the correct statement pertaining, to venturimeter. (a) A venturimeter with a fixed pressure drop discharges more when the flow is vertically downward than when’ the flow is vertically upward. (®) The co-efficient of contraction of a ven- turimeter is always unity. (c) Fora fixed pressure drop, the discharge of a gas through a venturimeter is greater when compressibility is taken into account than when it is neglected. (d) none of these 330. The fluid in which the shearing stress within it is proportional to the velocity gradient across the sheared section is called a.......id. (a) Bingham (6) perfect (c) Newtonian (d) none of these function is applicable only flow. nal (o) turbulent +(e) steady (a) none of these OBJECTIVE TYPE CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 382, The velocity distribution in direction nor- mal to the direction of flow. in plane Poiseuille flow is . 2 (a) hyperbolic (b) parabolic (c) linear (d)-none of these 333, Which law is followed by the velocity dis- tribution in the turbulent boundary layer? (a) parabolic law re (b) linear law’ (c) logarithmic law ° - (d) none of these 334, Pressure drag does not depend upon the (a) roughness of surface of the body. * (by pressure of fhain flow only. (c) length of the body in flow direction. (d), all (a), ) and(c) 385, The ratio of width to depth for the most economical rectangular section in open channel flow is : (a) 0.6 ) 15 ) 1 (d) 2 336, Weber number is the ratio of inertial force 10 ssn force. . (a) surface tension(b) gravity (c) viscous (d) elastic Ms ne energy equation E = m g +gZe constant (E = internal energy/mass) is applicable to - (a) - perfect gases only (b) isothermal flow of gases (c) adiabatic unsteady flow of gases (d) all compressible fluids 338. Cp/Cy is termed (a) adiabatic constant ib) Mach number (c) Weber number (2) Prandtl number 339, Specific speed for a centrifugal pump is (a Wg o VF otFLUIDMECHANICS 5; 340. Purpose of air lift pump is to (a) compress air (6) lift compressed air (c) lift water from a well by using com- ih j PI (2) lift air under negative pressure 341, A pressure head of 320 metres of water in Meters of CCl (sp.gr = 1.6) will be (ai 100 @) 200 (e) 320 (@) 160 ‘342. In which of the following body shapes, the ‘pressure drag is large compared to the » friction drag? (a) stream line . (8) two dimensional body (c) bluff body (d) none of these $43. The ratic »f depth of flow to the hydraulic radius for the most economical trapezoidal secticn in open channel flow is fa) 0.5 © 15 344. Mach number is important in a fluid flow problem when the inertia and...... forces predominate. (a) elastic (ec) gravity 845, The Mach number for hypersonic flow of compressible fluid is (@) 1 @) >1 © >4 (d) <2 346. Air vessel of a reciprocating pump is ini- tially filled with =, > (a) atmospheric air (8) compressed air. (6) viscous (d) none of these “(e) water (g) none of these 347, Hydraulic..... works on the principle of Pascal's law of ‘transmission of fluid pres- sure. , (a) press ®) turbine (e) pump (2) coupling ‘348. Ratio of pressure and inertia force gives.... number, 2s (a) Weber (c) Euler (b) Mach (d) Froude 849. The ratio of depth of flow to the diameter of the channel for maximum discharge in'a circular channel in open channel flow is (a) 0.1 6) 0.55 (c) 0.95 (@) 1.85 350. The co-efficient of drag and lift for an in- compressible fluid depend upon the (a) Reynolds number (6) Froude number w(@) Mach number — * (@) all (a), (b) and (e) , 351. Whatis the ratioof displacement thickness to nominal thickness for a linear distribu. tion of velocity in the boundary layer on a flat plate? (a) 0.5 (b) 2 ©) 15 (d) 2 ‘952, Whatis the ratio of the velocity at the axis of the pipe to the mean velocity of flow in case of pipe flow under viscous condition ?. (a) 05 (b) 0.67 ©@1 @) 2 353. The frictional resistance in laminar flow does not depend on the (a) area of surface in contact (®) flow velocity (c) fluid temperature (d) pressure of flow 354. Capillary tube method of viscosity meas- urement is based on (a) Hagen Poiseulle’s equation (8) Stoke's lay (c) “Navier-stokes equation (d) none of these 355. The contraction co-efficient for mouthpiece (for frictionless flui (a) 01 =) 0.5 (©) 0.94 “@y 356. What is the pipe called which lif's water from a reservoir to a greater height than the initial level in the supply reservoir ? (a) penstock (b) siphon 5 Borda's(c) tunnel (d) pressure pipeline ‘357, Incase of... the energy of fiow is consid erably decreased downstream of the machine, (a), blower (8) turbine. (c) centrifugal pump ‘d) centrifugal fan 358. Bernoulli's equation is not appiicable, when the flow is © (a) irrotational (b) incompressible le) viscous {d) all (a), 4b) and (e) ‘359, What causes convective’ acceleration in fluid flow? - * (a) steep slope'in flow (6) unsteady nature of flow (=) non-uniformity of flow (d) turbulence in flow 360. In which type of fluid fiow, the velocity of ~ flow of fluid changes from point to poit in the fluid at any instant? “ (2) rotational (6) ensteady ‘e) turbulent (@) aon-aniform 861. Paper pulp is an example of... uid. (a) dilatant (b) bingham plastic fe) newtonian (d) psendoplastic 362, A gas ie) signifies absence of density (b) van resist shearing action te) isincompressible (d) isa supercritical vapor 363. The time of oscillation ofa floating body is ” (b) “independent of the metacentric height. (e) dependent on the buoyant forces only. - (d) none of these. ‘ 364. The flow of a liquid through tapering pipe at a constant. : ite is an example of flow. (a) steady uniform (>) steady non-uniform (a) longer if metacenttic height is in-- creased. OBJECTIVE TYPE CHEMICAL ENGINEERING (c) unsteady uniform (@) unsteady non-uniform ‘365. What type of motion the fluid element un- dergoes, when it changes from one position to another position such that the angle between the two sides change ? (a) rotation (3) translation * (c) linear deformation + (d) angular deformation 366, Which of the following fluid forces are not considered in the Navier-stoke’s equation? {a) gravity forces (6) viscous forces _ (c) pressure forces (d) turbulent forces 367. Each term in Bernaulli's equation repre- sents the.... of fluid, (a), snérgy per nit nass (b) energy per unit weight (©) force per unit mass _ (2) none of these 368. The Prandt! pitot tube meesures the _ (@} Velocity at a point in the flow. <" + @) pressure at a point. {c) average flow velocity. (d) pressure difference in pipesiow. 369. The pump impeller and the turbire runner im a hydraulic torque converter (a) have the same diameter. ; . (8) have different diameters. (0)’ are directly coupled, (d) none of these. 870, At what value of crank angle (roughly), no flow of water from or into the air vessel takes place in case of a double xcting reciprocating pump ? (a) 40° and 140° -(b) 45° and 60° + {€) 90? and 80” “(d) 20° and 120° * S71. The’ percentage slip in a reciprocating pump eet is given by the % of @) Qi @) QQ on @-a @ Beso @ See, where, Qi = actual discharge Qe= theoretical dischargeFLUID MECHANICS 372. Reciprocating ‘pumps are not able to com- pete with the centrifugal pump for in- dustrial use mainly because these pumps have (a) very low speeds () smaller discharge - (©) higher capital and maintenance cost (d) high vibrations 373. What is the ratio of total kinetic energy of fluid passing per second to the value ob- tained on the basis of average velocity (for laminar flow through a circular pipe)? (a) 0.5 @) 1 © 15 id) 2 374, Prandt] number is a w.easure of {a) beat conduction tc’vingueity of a fluid, Be oes ofat © % 12 presse force in the di a pe ‘te elastic force in the fluid 375. The ratio of the hydraulic radius to the diameter of the channel. for maximum meas: velocity of flow in a cireular channel in open channel flow is (a) 0.3 (6) 0.9 (e) 0.03 (@) 0.66 $76. The boundary layer thicknest > section along a flat plate ing Reynold’s number. (a) increases (6) decreases (c) remains same {d) may increase or decrease 877. The energy loss in flow through ven- turimeter is less than that through flow nozzle, because in case of a flow nozzle, the (c) length is shorter (8) throat diameter is more (c) sudden expansion. of flow in the downstream occurs (d) distance between the throat and the “inlet is more 378. In case of end to end connection of two or more pipes in series, the wun. each pipe. (a) same rate of flow passes through or (®) head loss is same through (©) rate of flow in each pipe is proportional to the length of (d) total flow rate is the sum of flow rate in 379. A venturimeter can not be used. for direct measurement of (a) datum difference in the stretch of pipe flow. : (6) pressure difference in the flow through pipeline. (c) friction loss in pipe flow. éd) all (a), (b) and (e). 380. Drag is the force component exerted on an immersed object (a) passing the centroid of the body at 60" to the direction of motion. (6) the component being parallel to the flow direction. (c) the component being normal to the flow direction. (a) none of these. 381.Normal depth in opén channel flow is the depth of flow in the channel (@) corresponding to uniform flow, (b) measured normal to the channel bed. (c)_ corresponding to steady flow. * (d), none of these. 382. The velocity for subsonic flow in a pipeline (a) increases in the downstream direction. (0)' is constant. (c) decreases in the downstream direction. (d) is independent of the area of flow. 383. In a free vortex, the (@) velocity-changes linearly with radial distance. (®) flow is necessarily rotational. (c) radial component of velocity is same. severywhere. (@)_ stream lines are not cireular. 384. Which of the fluid forces are not considered in the Reynold’s equation of flow ? (a) viscous forces (®) turbulent forces (c) pressure forces (d) compressibility forces ,385. The component of acceleration resulting due to unsteady nature of flow is called... acceleration, (a) normal (8) docal + fc) convective (d) tangential 386. In isotropic turbulence, the ..... are equal to each other, “* (a) temporal velocity components (0) mean square of velocity fluctuations in the three co-ordinate directions? (c) root mean square of velocity fluctua- » tions in the three co-ordinate directions (d) none of these : 387. For a reciprocating pump, the indicator diagram is the graph between the (a) discharge and overall efficiency, (6) volume swept by piston for one com- plete revolution and the pressure in the aylinder. angle swept by the crank pin at any instant and the discharge. (d) none of these. te ‘388, Air vestel fitted to'a reciprocating piump * (a) increases the work done. (b) decreases the work done. ae (c) causes cavitation. 7 (d) results in non-uniform discharge. 880. The capacity of an accumulator is the max- imum - . ‘ (a) energy which it can store.” (0) discharge which it can deliver. (c) liquid which it can store. (d) ‘none of these, 390. Hydraulic intensifier is used for increasing the (a) rate of velocity of liquid supply. (), ‘rate of flow through delivery pipeline of ‘pump. : (c) intensity of pressure of the liquid, (d) momentum rate through delivery pipe. 391. The peripheral velocity (m/sec) at inlet of a centrifugal pump having inlet diameter of 25 cms and rotating at 950 rpm is (@) 18 @) 124 / ee OBJECTIVE TYPE CHEMICAL ENGINEERING (c)" 186.2 (d) 736.4. ‘392. In open channel flow in a rectangular chan- * nel, the. ratio between the critical depth + and the initial depth when a hydraulic jump occurs is» . (a) 0.5 (by 0.84 « (e) 1.84 »(d) 125 393. Which of the following conditions must be satisfied for liff force to be developed ? “(@) The body should be bluff body. () The body should be stream lined. (c) Circulation around the body is essen- tially required. (@) The main stream velocity must ap- proach the velocity of-sound in that fluid medium, - ‘894, Water hammer in a pipeline results from (a) bursting of pipelines due to closure by avalve. (6) a rapid sure change due to a rapid change inthe ratectfiow. (c) @ pressure increase due to closure of a valve resulting in decrease in rate of: flow. = (2) none ofthese. 395. The energy loss over a length of pipeline according 14 Darey-Welsbach gee for Pipe flow is...the mean velocity of flow. (a) directly proportional to 4b) directly proportional to square of (c) inversely proportional to (d) inversely proportional to square of 896, The line traced by a single fluid particle as moves over a period of time is called ..... line. (a) stream (0), path (c) equipotential. (d) none of these 897. The line of action of the buoyant force pas- ses through the centre of gravity of the (a) submerged body @) displaced volume of the fluid () volume of fluid vertically above the body (d)_ horizontal projection of the bodyFLUIO MECHANICS 398. A hydraulic press'has a ram of 10 emis in > diameter and a plunger of 1 cm in dinmeter. The force required on the ' oy plunger to ‘weight of 10 tons on the ram is, i (a) 10 (®) 100 (e) .1000 (d) 10000 399. Buoyant force . (a) for non-symmetrical bodies is not verti- cal. | e depends on the depth of the submer- gence of the floating body. depends on the weight of the floating body. . none of these. 400, The lift of a béttoin is (a) increased as itrises toa higher altitude, (b) due to the weight of the atmospheric air . that it displaces, 2 . not dependent on the temperature of “the atmosphere. one of these. (6) cO} (a) -) (@) 401. Centre of pressure in an is... the centre of gravity. + (@) above 2 () below. © ate, (d) either above or liquid density -" 402, Water'flow rate in ai pipe of 3.5 metres diameter can-be most. economically and heer below; depends on the 403. Steady uniform flow is represented by flow "through a/an (a) long pipe at constant rate. (®) long pipe at decreasing rate, + (©) expsinding tube at constant rate, (4) none ofthese. - 404. Unsteady uniform flow is represented by “flow fan ve (a) long pipe at constant rate, () long pipe at decreasing rate, (¢) expanding tube at increasing rate, (d) expanding tube at constant rate. 405; Unsteady non-uniform flow is represented by flow through a/an (a) long pipe at constant rate. (B) ‘long pipe at decreasing rate. (c) expanding tube at increasing rate. (d) expanding tube at constant rate. flow (c) mixed flow, (6) centrifugal (@) none of these 407. Steady non-uniform flow is exemplified by * flow through a/an (G) long pipe at constant rate, () long pipe at decreasing rate. (c) expanding tube at increasing rate. (@) expanding tube at constant rate. 408, High specific speed of a pump implies that itis o/s ump. ; , (@) centrifugal. (b)_ mixed flow (c) axialflow — (d)" none of these -| 408. For. pipe flows, head is proportional to st constant capacity, (a) uD () 17D? (ey. 1/8 @ Dos where, D = pipe diameter 410, Higher specific speed (200-800) of a centri! trifugal pump in ‘that the pump is of........type. (@) axial (b) radial (€) mixedflow (d)" none of these 411, Power requirementof fans having constant wheel diameter variet...... fan speed. (a) exsquare of (b) directly as (@) ascubeof —(d) none of these 412. The pressure and power requirement of a gas fan at constant speed and capacity varies, the gas density. (®) inversely as square root of (c) inversely as i (@). 9g square of—————— ee lll i ik 30 418. Air vessel provided in reciprocating pump (a) ‘stioothens the flow by-avoiding pulsa |- tions increases volumetric efficiency of the “pump 4 gaves the pump from the danger of cavitation : none of these. cc) (c td 414, Drag co-efficient for motion of spherical panicles in.a stationary fluid in the stoke’s law range is : 415, The unitof bulk modulus of elasticity for a liquid in S.1, unit is @) N (®) Nim (e) N/in? (d) N/m? 416. The simple pitot tube measures the wi. pressure. (a) static (b) dynamic (c) total. (d) none uf these 417. In Newton's law range,-the drag co-eff- * cient for motion of spherical particle in a stationary fluid is (a) 0.44 () 0.044 @) 44 (a) 44 438. Which is not a variable head meter? (a) venturimeter (b) pitot tube (c) rotameter (d) none of these 419, Stoke's law is valid, when Naepis less than (a) 2 , (®) 100 (e) 2100 (2) 700 ¢ 420, The ratio of wall drag to total drag in the stoke’s law range is (a) 05) | ) 1 ©) 1B d), 23 421, In Newton's law range, the terminal velocity of a solid sph« rical particle falling ‘through a stationary fluid mass varies as the.......of its diameter. (a) inverse (©) square root (e) second power (d) first power OBJECTIVE TYPE CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 422. The ratio of wall drag to form drag in the Stoke's law range (for motion of spherical particles in a stationary fluid) is + (@) 05 2. we) 2 (d) 0.38 423, One poise (unit of absolute/dynamic vis- cosity) is equivalent to (a) 1 gm/em*, second () 1 gm/em. second (c) 1.em*/second {d) 1m*/second 424, For motion of spherical particles in a sta- tionary fluid, the drag co-efficient in hindered settling compared to that in free settling is, : (a) more . (@) less (©) equal = ‘(q). more or less depending on the type of particle 425, In the Newton's law rarige, the terminal velocity of a solid spherical particle falling through a stationary fluid mass is .... the fluid viscosity. (a). directly proportional to (b) inversely proportional to (c) ‘inversely proportional to the square root of * ’ (d) independent of 426, The head loss in turbulent flow in pipe is proportional to @ Vv o) wv () WwW . wv where, V =vel ocity of fluid through the pipe 427. Velocity head on sudden enlargement in horizontal pipe. is converted into.......head. (q) elevation (6) pressure * {¢) both (a) & (6) {d) neither (a) nor (b) 428, ‘Transition length for turbulent flow in smooth pipe is equal to ..... times pipe diameter. *” (a) .0.5 @) 5 > (c) 50 (@) 100FLUID MECHANICS, 428, Laminar flow is characterised by non-ex: istence of (a) pressure fluctuation (b) eddies (c) deviating velocities (d) all (a) , (b) & (c) 430, Boundary layer exists in flow * (q) of real fluids, (b) over flat surfaces only. (c) in pipes only, (2) ofideal fluids only. _481. Upto what value of ‘Mach number’ a fluid ‘maybe considered as incompressible ? (a) 0.03 ) 03 ) 3 , @ 10 482. The ....... is measured iy, @ piezometric opening. (a) dynamic pressure (b) static pressure (2) total pressure (d)_point velocity 488, With the increase in depth, the hydrostatic Pressure in an unaccelerated incom*res nena oat {a) decreases. (b) increases linearly, (c) increases exponentially. (d) remains constant, 484. One stoke (unit of kinematic viscosity) is equivalent to (a) 1 cm*/second (6) 1m*/second (¢) 1.gm/em. second (d) 1kg:m/second 435. In an incompressible flow of fluid, the fluid (a) temperature remains constant. (6) compressibility is greater than zero, (c) density-does not change with pressure & temperature, (d) is ee. 436. With i increase in Hesaseasen the vapor Bi, “eofliquids (a) “ners ses: (®) inet: (ce) decrea (d) remains constant 487, The continuity equation of fluid mechanics utilises the principle of conservation of (a) momentum ~ (h) mass () energy {d) both (6) & (c) 438. The ratio of pressure forces to inertial for- ces is called .....4 number. (a) Froude (b) Euler (c) Reynold (@) Mach 439, The ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces is called.........number. (a) Weber (6) Mach () Froude 440. Which of the following is dimensionless ? (a) angular velocity (®) fanning friction factor (c) specific volume (d) none-of these 441, Unit of mass velocity is (a) kghr (6) kg/m? hr (e) kg/m? (ay kg/én. br , 442, The pressure head on sudden 'contraction in a horizontal pipe converted into.. {a) elevation = 18) velocity {c) both (a) and (b) {d) neither (a) nor (6) 443, For turbulent flow of Newtonion Mid in a Gireular cross-section pipe, the ratio of (a) disk. (c), form ac. akin (@) none of these 445. Which of the following flow measuring devices is an area meter? (a) venturimeter (b) orifice meter . (©) anemometer . (d) rotameter {d) Reynold ‘32 446. Schedule number of a pipe which is a measure of itg wall thickness is given by (a) 1000P'/S — (b) 1007S (c) 10008/P (a) 30900 Pvs 437 Wha causes cavitation in. centéifugal pump? (a) high suction pressure 1) low barometric pressure (c) low suction pressure , (el) high suction velocity 448; Which of the following has the maximum compressian ratio? ta) blowers (6) compressors {e). vacuum pumps (d) fans 449. Foot valve provided in the pumpisa.. valve, (a) direction control (b), back pressyre (c) relief : (d) pressure reduction 450. Absolute viscosity of a fluid is function of the .... of the fluid, (a) motion (6) pressure & temperature (c) shearing stress (d) both (6) & (ce) 451. Non-collcidal solution is an example of ... fluid. (a) non-Newtonion (b) Newtonion {e) dilatent (d) pseudoplastic (®) newtonion fluid (c) pseudoplastic fluid (d) dilatent fluid 453. A perfect gas (a) does not satisfy PV = nRT. (@) is ificompressible and has zerd vis- . cosity. . “(@) has constant specific heat, (d) can’t develop shear stresses. OBJECTIVE TYPE CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 454, In an area meter (e.g., rotameter), with , increase in the fluid flow rate, the (a) pressure drop increases linearly. (6) pressure drop is almost constant. (c) area through which fluid flows does not vary. (d) none of these. 485. Incase of supersonic flow of a fluid through pipeline, the ‘Mach number’ is (a) 0 ) 2 (e) <1 @)>1 456. forces. act on a particle moving: tationary fluid. (b) Dray (d) all (ab), and (c) (@) Gravity (c) Buoyant 457. Existence of boundary. sie ‘in fluid a is because of (a) surface tension (b) fluid density {c) fluid viscosity (A) gravity fyrces 458. Manometers measure......... pressure, 459. The illary rise of mercury is maximum ipaiegene of dia r 460. Aventurimeter measures. (a) velocity head (6). pressure (©) point velocity (q) none of these 461. Experimental study of Jaminar fluid flow . ough a circular tube was conducted by + (a) Reynold (b) Hagen and Poiseuille (c) Pascal (d) Blake-Plummer 462. If Blausius or Darcey friction factor is ‘fi’, then the Fanning friction factor is equal to (a) fi/4, ) © fi + fla”FLUID MECHANICS, 463. Permanent loss iri a venturimeter i about percent of the pressure drop in the upstream cone. (@) 1 (6) 10 (ec) 40 (d) 70 464. is an example of axial flow impellers. (a) Paddle (b) Turbine (c) Propeller. (d) all (a),(b) and (c) 465. One horsepower is equal to (a) 550 Iby-ft/second (6) 850 kgr.m/second (c) both (a) and (b) (d), 550 Ibr.ft./hr 466, Slurries can be most conveniently pumped “@) reciprocating * (@) centrifugal 467. A fluid which has a lis 7 between the magnitude of applied shear- stress and the resulting Tate of deforma: tion is called a an .....fluid. (a) Newtonion (8) Non-Newtonion (c) ideal (€) incompressible 468. As per Newton's law of viscosity, the hear stress for a given rate of angular deforma- tion of fluid is proportional to . Onn © uw @ ye where, 4 =. fluid viscosity 469. . second/m* is (a) the 81. unit of dynamie viscosity. iA the rates unit of kinematic viscosity. @ i Sate tee 470. Which of the following properties of a fluid i eee for offering: resistance to a (a) surface tension. (8) viscosity. (c) specifiegravity. (d), all @); Onande. ‘471, Rubber latex is an example of. “ <(@) dilatent- (6) Newtonion (c) pseudoplastic (d) Bingham plastic 472. Very small pressure difference ( < 5 mm water column) can be most conveniently ~. - measured by o/an.......«imanometer. (aj U-tube water. () U-tube mereury. (c) inclined tube mercury. « * (d) inclined tube water. ‘473, Kinetic energy of fluid per unit weight rep- resented by the velocity head is given by (a) 2v?/ge (8) v7/2g¢ (©) pu*/ge (d) p.vty2g. 474, The equivalent diameter for pressure drop * calculation for a duct of square crose-see: tion is given by (a) =. 6) Sez (c) Ne (d) e/E where, x = each side of the square duct 475. Vane anemometer (a) is an ares meter. x () is @ variable head meter. (c) rotates an element at a speed deter- mined by the velocity of the fluid in which the meter is immersed. (d) none of these. ‘ 476, Pitot tube measures the...... ofa fluid. (a) pressure * (b) Average velocity (c) average flow rate - (d) point velocity 477. Venturimeter and orificemeter measures ~ the..... of the fluid. (@) pressure (6) maximum velocity (c) average velocity (2) point velocity 478. Pick out the correct statement. (a) A forced vortex occurs when fluid Totates asa solid about an axis, °- (®) In laminar flow, Newton's law of vis- cosity does not apply. (2) A tree vortex occurs, when uid rotates as asolid.(d) In turbulent flow there are neither cross-currents nor eddies. $D%. Quiorsmmd ds an example of a (c) bingham plastic (®) dilatent (c) Newtonion (d) pseudoplastic Nuid. 480. Bernoulli's equation for fluid flow is derived following certain assumptions. Out of the assumptions listed below, which set of assumptions is used in derivation of Bernoulli's equation ? A, Fluid flow is frictionless and: irrotational. B. Fluid flow is steady. C. Fluid flow is uniform and turbulent. D. Fluid is compressible, E. Fluid is incompressible. @) A,C,D (o) B,D,E (c) A,B,E @ ADE 481, Ratio of inertial forces to surface tensibn forces is called (a) Euler number (6) Froude number (c) Mach number (d) Weber number 482, Which of the following is not a dimension-. less parameter? : (a) Euler number (0) specific gravity (c) fanning friction factor ~ (@) none of these 483, The boundary layer is that part of moving fluid in which the fluid velocity is (a) affected by the fluid flow pressure, (®) constant. (c) affected by the boundary. (d) all (a), (6) and (c). Presence of a solid 484, Which of the following relationship is valid for the equilibrium position of the float in a rotameter ? (a) Dr+ B= Wy (0) Dy= By + Wy (c) Dy+Br+Wr=0 — (d) none of these where, Dy= Drag force on the float" By= Buoyant force on the float Wy= Weight of the float OBJECTIVE TYPE CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 485, The capacity of a centrifugal pump can be + increased by increasing the GaN iengalles Sameter we apeed. (®) number of pumps and joining them in series, (c)_number of pumps and joining them in * parallel, (d)_ all (a),(b) and (e). 486. Centrifugal pumps as compared to reciprocating pumps (a) run at a lower speed for the same dis- charge. J do not need priming, deliver fluid with pulsating/fluctuating discharge, can be run with discharge line valve closed for 8 short interval, - (b) © (a) 487. Propeller type centrifugal pu-nps are mest suitable for . (a) high capacity at high heads. , (®) high capacity at low heads, (c) low capacity at high heads. (d) low capacity at low heads, 488. In case of isentropic flow, the speed of sound in an ideal gas is proportional to (a) Vi (b) () 1M id) M where M = molecular weight of the gas 489, In case of isentropic flow, the speed of Sound in an ideal gas is proportional to (a) IT ) wr () WF () T° where, 7'= absolute temperature 490. In fluid flow, boundary layer separation can not occur (a) a case of boundaries experiencing form rag. ; at points of abrupt changes in the flow directions. in laminar flow. none of thes ) ) (d) 491. The fluid velocity varies as the square of the cylindrical pipe diameter in case of steady state laminar flow at constant pres- sure drop f id.FLUID MECHANICS: (ce) Newtonion ~ () dilatant (c) pseudoplastic . (2) non-Newtonion + 492, Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to fluid flow. (a) Theratioofaverage velocity tothe max- imum velocity for turbulent flow of Newtonion fluid in circular pipes is 0.5. The Newtonion fluid velocity in a cir- cular’ pipe flow,,is maximum in the centre of the pipe. Navier-stokes equation is applicable to the analysis of viscous flows. Hagen-Poiseuille equationis applicable tothe laminar flow of Newtonion fluids. Co) (a); (d) 493. For laminar flow of Newtonion fluid.in a circular pipe, the velocity distribution is function of the distance ‘d’ measured from the centre line of the pipe.and it follows a sees Pelationship. (a) logarithmic’ (b) parabolic _ (c) hyperbolic , (d) linear © 494, Mass velocity in case of steady flow and through constant cross-section is inde- pendent of (a). temperature (b) pressure . (c) both (a) and (b) * ‘ (d)_neither (a) nor (b) : 495, The terminal velocity of a solid spherical particle falling through a stationary fluid mass in the'Stoke's law range is propor- + tional to the . | (a) inverse of fluid viscosity. (b) square of particle size, Ae). difference in the densities of the par- ticle and fluid. Gd) all (a), (b) and (). 496. The fluid velocity varies as the square root of the cylindrical pipe diameter in case of steady state laminar flow at constant pres- sure drop for (a): dilatant fluid (2) pseudoplastic Duid . @ Bingham (a) Newtonion fluid 38 497. For laminar flow of Newtonion fluids’ through a circular pipe, for a given pres- sure drop and length & diameter of pipe, the velocity of fluid is proportional to # () 17 @ Ve id) Ne where, 4 = fluid viscosity 498, The ratio of inertial forces to gravity forces is called......number (a) Mach (b) Froude (c) Euler (d) Weber. 499, Flow measurement in an open channel is done by (a) venturimeter (b) orificemeter (c) weir (d) rotameter '500. Speed of sound in an ideal gas depends on its (a) temperature (®) pressure (c) specifie volume (@) none of these 501. Which of the following equations is valid for laminar flow of a fluid through packed bed? (a) Fanning equation (b) Kozney - Karman equation en-Poigeuille equation .e-plummer equation 502,, Fanning equation is given by 2 apt Beata. . It is applicable to z (c) transition regivn (@) laminar flow (). turbulent flaw (2) both () and (c) 503,, Pick out the wrong statement. . (a) Ina static mass of liquid, the pressure at a point is the same for all liquids. Pressure decreases exponent ally with elevation in an isothermal atriosphere. Atmospheric pressure = abso'ute pres- sure-gage pressure. ‘As per Pascal's law, the pressure st a point in a static or uniformly moving fluid is equal in all directions. - () 1 (d)36 id velocity varies as the eube of the cylindorieal pipe diameter in case of steady State laminar flow at constant-prossure rop fer.......fluid, fa) Newtonion fo) dilatent (5) pseudoplastie (d) Bingham plaftic 505. Pick out the correct statement pertain- ing to transition/entrance lerigth in fluid flow, (a) The length of entrance region of pipe, in which fuli development of fluid flow takes place such that velocity profile does not change downstream is called the transition length. ‘Transition length for laminar flow of Newtonion fluids in e pipe of diameter ‘dis equal to 0.05. D.Npe {c) Transition length for turbulent flow of Newtonion fluids in a smooth pipe of diameter’ is equal to 60 D. (d) “all (a), (b) and (c), 1) 506. The effect of solid boundary on the fluid flow is confined to the boundary layer ex- cept for fluids (a) having high viscosities. (0) moving at low velocities. {e) both (a) & (6). (d) ‘neither (a) nor (8). 507. The ratio of inertial forces to elastic forces is called ......... number, (@) Reynolds (6) Mach (c) Euler. (@) Weber 508. The net positive suction head (NPSH) of a centrifugal pump ié defined as the sum of the velocity head and the pressure head at the (a) discharge. (5) suction. . (c) suction minus vapor pressure of the liquid at suction temperature, (d) discharge minus vapor pressure of the liquid at the discharge temperature. 509, For turbulent flow in smooth circular pipe, the veloeity distribution is a function of the distance ‘” measured from the wall of the pipe and the friction: velocity‘v’ it follows a svn Telationship. OBJECTIVE TYPE CHEMICAL ENGINEERING {a) logarithmic (b) linear Te) hyperbolic (2) parabolic 510. Prandtl mixing length is (@) applicable to laminar flow problems, ©) a universal constant, (ec) zero at the pipe wall (a) none of these, 511. All pipes ofa particular nominal size have the same (a) inside diameter (c) thickness (b) outside diameter (d) none of these $12, Buckingham—n theorem states that in any physical problem including ‘n' quantities having ‘m’ diamensions, the quantities can be arranged into.......independent dimensionless parameters, (a) m @) na ©) n-m (@) n/m 813. Consider a centrifugal pump having a specific impeller diameter, fixed impeller speed pumping @ liquid of constant density at a particular discharge capacity. With decrease in the capacity of the pump, the... nnudecreases, (a) NPSH required (0) BHP required by the pump (c) head of the liquid pumped (@) all (a), (6) and (c) 514. Out of the following flow measuring devices, which one incurs the maximum installation cost as well as pressure loss ? (a) flow nozzle" (b) venturimeter (©) rotameter (d) orificemeter 515. Which is the most efficient, and best (or measuring very small flow rate of gases * (a) venturimeter (6) orificemeter () rotameter (qd). flow nozzle 515, Boundaryiayer thickness in turbulent flow over a flat plate increases as (a) Va ) a avs (d) a4 where, d = distance from the leading edge. 517. For turbulent flow of fluids in rough pipe, fanning friction factor does not depend upon — lee| FLUID MECHANICS (o) Vandy, @)e (e). Dand p @L where, V, p and are fluid’s velocity, den- > sity & viscosity reapectively. £ = roughness projection size; Land D are length & diameter of the pipe respectively. 518. Which of the following equations applies to the uid flow through a packed bed for very large Reynolds number ? (a) Fanning equation () Blake-Plummer equation (c) Hagen-Poiséulle equation (d) Kozney-Karman equation 519. In magnetic flow meters, voltage genera- tion is + (@) due to motion of conducting fluid “through am externally generated uniform field, (®) proportional to the fluid velocity, (c) both (a) and (6). (d) neither (a) nor (6). 520. The: maximum velocity in case of laminar flow of a Newtonion fluid in a circular pipe is (a) 0.5 () 1 () 2 (@) 0.66 621. Rise of liquid in a capillary tube is due to (a) cohesion (6) adhesion fe) both (a) & (6) (d) neither (a) nor (6) 522, Fluid resistance to shear depends upon its (a) rate of transfer of molecular momentam @) cohesion. (c) both (a) and (b). (d) neither

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