Student ID: 1915694/1

Module Title: MOD006960

Student ID: 1915694/1
Word Limit: 1,500 words
Word Count: 1,417 words
Student ID: 1915694/1

Many studies have been completed over the years to find an explanation for human’s
developmental changes that we experience over the course of our existence. These changes
might condition the rest of our lives changing things such as behaviour, personal opinions,
decisions. For these reasons understand how human’s nature work when change is
presented is crucial according to Bandura “it is important for kids have good role models
and not corrosive influence for them”. Bandura’s Social-Cognitive Theory it considers that
people learn from one to another and the ways of learning from others are: observational
learning, imitation, and modelling learning. This theory explains human behaviour and
reciprocal communication between cognitive behavioural and environmental. This essay will
examine one of the case studies given and analyses the case using factors from bandura’s
model (personal, environmental, behavioural)

The case that will be reviewed in this essay is about The Principal Hotel London also known
as "Russell Hotel" that is located in the city of London. This hotel in May 2018 passed into
the hands of the IHG hotel chain, which employs more than 200 people. Reviewing this first
part and the initial impression is that when a hotel changes its owner, they make great
changes either in the workforce, in the way in which the daily tasks of the place are carried
out, company policies, rules, attitude codes, dress codes etc. Apart from that, the complete
aesthetics of the interior of the hotel may change causing temporary closings. The factors
that can be seen in this case are two (environmental and personal factors)

First, according to the case. IHG focuses on making guests feel welcome and valued
wherever they are in the world. And the article of rebranding of Ascots hotels in the
offing,2010 suggest that the hotel industry is suffering changes and the reason for this is the
enormous quantity of competitor and they have to maintain high standard. The factor found
in this excerpt from the text is environmental since the previous hotel had a different way of
treating their visitors. According to Bandura's social cognitive theory, people can present
changes in their behaviour when they see their environment change. This means that
workers who were already adapted to a work system and change to a totally unknown one
would be affected by the change feeling confused, unmotivated, unwilling to work, harming
the productivity of the hotel and creating an unsuitable environment in the workplace.

Then the hotel undergoes a brand change and is renamed Kimpton, which is a brand of
boutique and environmentally friendly hotels. The factor that lies in this section is
environmental and personal. Environmental due to the fact that they had previously
undergone changes of owners and many of them did not know if they would be able to
adapt, thus causing frustration in the employees. Cross and Carbery 2016, suggests that
emotions play a key role in meeting our goals in the workplace. Here comes the personal
factor. This means that employees who have negative emotions are more likely to not
perform or fulfil their tasks, leading to depression and feeling bad about their work to the
point of wanting to quit or not wanting to go to work, thus suffering financial problems or
with colleagues.

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"When developed, self-efficacy positively affects all facets of human experience" (Bandura,
2008) this related to the case can be interpreted in the way that those workers who had
high self-efficacy were those who saw a new opportunity to Growing up in the hotel,
acquiring new knowledge, taking rebranding as a positive challenge to reach higher
positions, as much as things changed they were excited to start learning and meeting new
colleagues. This is a personal factor because each person develops their self-efficacy in
different ways and according to what I have already said, the higher the self-efficacy, the
more it will help you achieve your goals and what the hotel sets for them. Encouraging with
a prize all those who receive a good and individual feedback from the guests. This is very
positive since bandura in his experiment called "the bobo doll" ensures that the fact of one
person seeing how another is rewarded for their behaviour can be imitated by others, this
means that others upon receiving good feedback from the guests and to be rewarded their
companions also wanted to be rewarded, this will be positively affected to the hotel
managing to attract more people to the place.

According to the text, restaurant and bar computer system would be changed. the factor
that lies in this fragment is environment because you are willing to make changes in the
appearance of material objects in the hotel, thus modifying the environment of the workers.
Branton, 2016 suggests that technology affects the quality of work and the behaviour of
individuals and can result in high efficiency and a higher level of employee satisfaction and
dignity. Related to the case, this means that when changing the hotel operating system, the
workers will be positively affected since it will benefit them in the tasks they perform at
work, thus causing a better performance in the work of the hotel. (change or technology in
Liverpool care trust) you can see how they want to use many advanced technologies to
improve their care for user service and this connects with the case of the hotel where the
technology is always used for the benefit of customers or from the workers.

In this part of the text the reception manager could see the stress in some of her staff, so
she took them out after work. "Environment causes behaviour" (Badura, 1977) this means
that removing workers from that work environment in which they feel overwhelmed and
stressed to a completely opposite place such as a bar that is a friendlier place, where they
do not have that stress, They feel at work as they are not able to deal correctly with the
current situation of the rebranding the hotel. (Alex Roney, 1997) suggest that stress impact
on effectiveness at work and individual’s health. This means that it can affect job
performance causing long-term depressions and reaching the point of employees requesting
medical leave for depression leading to absence of workers. All this attracted by the
environmental factor seeing the personal life of the individual is affected and taking them
out of work is very beneficial to establish a less formal conversation with the workers, this
makes the workers notice that their manager has taken into account the problems of their
workers and listen to them to try to calm and give hope to those workers who are
frustrated. This is an environmental factor taking the individual from the stressful place
where he had a pessimistic attitude, to another place such as a more positive bar his
previous state of mind or behaviour being affected.

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It can be seen that the Badura theory says that the environment changes the person or
modifies his behaviour, but there are in some cases where people are not affected by much
that their environment changes. "Self-efficacy is the belief in one's capabilities to organize
and execute the sources of action required to manage prospective situations (Bandura,
1995) .This is the reason why many of the workers are not affected by the change and
others suffer a negative impact due to despite the fact that the environment is the same,
the personalities of each individual are different. "Personality is the sum between cognitive
habits and behaviours that improves us as a person and teaches us through experiences in
social environments" (Branton, 2016). suggests that people who are exposed to social
situations from an early age are more likely to endure or deal with complicated everyday
situations.

In summary, this paper argued that the inconveniences that hotel workers feel when they
undergo several changes in periods so short of time where workers can become frustrated,
many others motivated, sought reasoning using the theories that the author offers us. to
support us and base our opinion. These theories supported with each other since some of
the people do not come to feel bad about the changes made in their environment. The good
or bad behaviour of workers, the environment in which they work, their colleagues,
technology or the aid of devices that can benefit their work can become key in the proper
functioning of a hotel. This test shows that without a strong belief in oneself is very unlikely
to overcome obstacles or difficulties that we have along the way.

RESOURCES

John Bratton-Introduction to work and organisational behaviour. 3rd. ed London Palgrave.

Christine Cross and Roman Carbery – Organisational Behaviour an introduction.
Bandura’s Theories: Social Cognitive, Bobo doll experiment.
Reference to Case Study 3 Change of Technology in Liverpool Care Trusts.
Alex Roney - Professionals on Workplace Stress (Anglia Ruskin Library)

"Rebranding of Ascot hotels in the offing." Travel Talk-Middle East, 1 Nov. 2010. (Anglia
Ruskin Library)