College of Science,

Technology, Engineering,
& Mathematics
 Introduction to Systems
Engineering

A Different Approach to System Development

Dr. Muhammad Wardeh

 How to define the “Best” system?
Using a balanced approach w.r.t cost, schedule,
performance and risk.

System design and feasibility. E. H. Conrow (2003)

 Example: “Best” Automobile
system
• Need:
-New design with a higher maximum speed
-Clean transportation (Not with top-down
model)
• Requirements:
– Engine Higher horsepower
– Lighter structures
– More aerodynamic body
• Cost:
What is the buying price? Set boundaries
Example: “Best” Automobile
system
The viewpoint of various
specialists

Complex & Engineered

Complex & Engineered
 
Balanced Approach

The viewpoint of the

systems engineer calls
for a different
combination of skills
and areas of knowledge
than those of a design
specialist or a manager.
 The Balanced Approach


Traditional Engineers (Specialists): Focuses on a
design area.
-Try optimize features in the subsystems of their areas of expertise


Systems Engineer: system as a whole, its total
operation, and cost
-while addressing design specialty issues so far as they may affect
overall system performance, developmental risk, cost, or long‐term
system viability.
- a proper balance between (attention, resources)
-“honest technical broker” managing technical design compromises
achieve a workable interface between key system elements
 Think Like a Systems Engineer
The Balanced Approach
Systems thinking →Holistic

With all parts interconnected and interdependent

Every requirement is carefully monitored and carefully
controlled

Systems approaches integrates engineering,
management, and social sciences approaches using
advanced modeling methodologies
 Systems Domains
The Balanced Approach

New Dimensions

1- attention
2- research

To fully understand
their impact and
utility in systems
development

Systems Engineering Domain

 Systems Domains
The Balanced Approach

Look with a
perspective more
strongly from
respective
engineering
discipline

Examples of systems engineering components

 Systems Engineering Fields

Examples:
● Operations research

Provision of a structure quantitative analysis of

alternatives and optimal decisions
● Modeling and simulation

Integral to cost‐effective examination of systems

options to meet the requirements and needs of the
users
● Quality management, human resource

management, and financial management

all have to be considered.
 System Engineering Approaches

Another view of of Systems Engineering

● Depictions of the sequence of processes and

methodologies used in execution of design,

development, integration, and testing of a system

● Linear
● Waterfall

● The “V”

● Spiral
System Engineering Approaches

Linear Method of SE problem execution

System Engineering Approaches

Waterfall Approach
System Engineering Approaches

The “V” Approach

System Engineering Approaches

Spiral Approach
Concept Development Phases-
Life Cycle
Concept Development Phases- Life
Cycle
Concept Development Phases- Life
Cycle
Concept Development Phases- Life
Cycle

*PDR = Preliminary Design Review

*CDR = Critical Design Review
Concept Development Phases- Life
Cycle
Concept Development Phases- Life
Cycle
Systems Engineering Activities and
Documents
● Context diagrams
● Problem definition
● User/owner identification
● User needs
● Concept of operations
● Scenarios
● Use cases
● Requirements
● Technology readiness
● Opportunity assessments
● Candidate concepts
● Risk analysis/management plan
● System functions
● Physical allocation
● Component interfaces
● Traceability
● Trade studies
● Component development & test
● Prototype integration
● Prototype test and evaluation
● Production/operations plan
● Verification and validation
● Field support/maintenance
● System/product effectiveness
● Upgrade/revise
● Disposal/reuse
SUMMARY

➔ Systems Engineering Viewpoint

➔ Perspectives of Systems Engineering
➔ Systems Engineering Domains
➔ Systems Engineering Fields
➔ Systems Engineering Activities & Products