‘The process by which living organisms get energy from their food is called (A) nutrition (B) respiration (©) exeretion (D) growth Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell membrane? (A) Helps support a fluid-filled cell (B) Keeps the cell contents in correct, proportion (©) Controls the passage of substances into and out of the cell (D) Allows the passage of substances through the cytoplasm During osmosis, the movement of water molecules through the semi-permeable membrane continues until (A) the amount of water molecules is ‘equalized on both sides (B) the hydrostatic pressure equals the osmotic pressure (C) the osmotic pressure equals the (D) —turgidity and flaccidity are equal A1983010/F 2017 4 Item 4 refers to the following diagrams which show a red blood cell before and after being placed in a concentrated salt solution for one hour. EQ) @ After one hour “ee 0 ‘The change in the red blood cell shown in occurs because water (A) enters the cell by osmosis, + (B) leaves the cell by osmosis, (©) leaves the cell by diffusion (D) enters the cell by diffusion Item § refers to the following aquatic food chain, Phytoplankton —+ zooplankton — fish > water bird The producer in this food chain is the (A) fish (B) water bird (©) zooplankton +) phytoplankton Which of the following foods would BEST prevent constipation? (A) Chicken soup (B) Vegetable rice and fish -(C) Fruit and vegetable salad (D) Wheat bread and cheese GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE7. Which of the following reagents gives @ positive test for the main food present in a slice of baked potato? (A) Biuret (8) Ethanol (C) Iodine solution (D) Benedict's solution 8. Which of the following vitamins can be produced by the skin as well as obtained from food? (A) Vitamin A (B) Vitamin B (©) Vitamin -() Vitamin D Item 9 refers to the following diagram shows the structure of a typical (a) @) SS po wy ae z Crown © er LOTS 9. Which of the parts labelled (A), (B), (C) or (D) supplies the tooth with food? Which of the following teeth aid in 10. + grinding food into smaller pieces? (A) _Incisors and premolars (8) Molars and premolars (©) _Incisors and canines (D) Canines and molars ul. ©) Which of the following graphs BEST represents the effect of pH on the activity of the enzyme, salivary amylase, in the digestive process? ry Rate of reaction of enzyme activity (A) 45678510 pH Rate of reaction of enzyme activity 8) 46678 910 pH © enzyme activity 45678910 pH Rate of reaction enzyme activity 45678910 pH GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGEItem 12 refers to the following diagram of part of the human digestive system. 12. Which sequence correctly matches the numbered structures to their functions? ‘Secretes Gastric ‘Absorbs Soluble Juice | Predwees Bile | "End products @, i a it ®) I ml 1 “LO IL 1 Mr © i in 1 13. The process by which undigested food is 14. Aminoacids which are produced as result eliminated from the body is called of digestion are NOT used (A) egestion (A) for growth (B) excretion (B) _ for insulation (C) __ ingestion (C) to make carbohydrates (D) deamination (D) to repair worn out tissues GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE,15. 16. Se ‘tem 1S refers othe following table which shows the functions of some structures ofthe respiratory system. Structure Function 1___ | Filters, warms and moistens air 11__ | Prevents food from entering the trachea Int___| Provides air passage to each lung 1V__[ Produces sound with voice box (vocal eords) ‘The structures labelled 1, 1, III and IV are: I 1 1V (A) | Epiglottis | Larymx Nasal passage | Bronchus (8) | Bronchus ‘Nasal passage _| Larynx Epiglottis (© [Nasal passage [Epiglottis —[Bronchus _| Larynx (D) | Larynx Bronchus Epiglottis Nasal passage Duringa sprint, muscles in the human body produce lactic acid by the process of (A) excretion (B) digestion (©) aerobic respiration + (D) anaerobic respiration To deliver mouth-to-mouth resuscitation, the following steps should be tak 1. Press the head back with one hand and push jaw upward with the other, Il, Pinch the nose andseal your mouth with the casualty's mouth. Ill. Give four quick blows into casualty’s mouth and repeat every five seconds. IV. Place casualty on the back. The correct order in which these steps should be taken is (A) LH MLIVv () ILM, IVI © mLNVio 2) IVIL UL GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE‘tem 18 refers to the following graph. 330. i. 2 5S 2 uo i 20 AO Number of cigarettes smoked per day 18. Which of the following can be deduced from the graph? (A) Asthenumberofcigarettessmoked per day increases, the risk of getting lung cancer increases. (B) _Asthenumberof cigarettes smoked per day increases, the risk of getting lung cancer decreases. (©) When 30 cigarettes are smoked per day, the risk of lung cancer increases ten times. (D) _Asthenumberof cigarettessmoked per day decreases, the risk of ‘getting lung cancer increases. Av9s3n10/e 9017 19. 20. ‘Item 19 refers to the following diagram of ‘a vertical section through a human heart. Which of the following paths is taken by blood leaving the right ventricle? (A) 2144-3 (B) 1937452 (©) 2244351 (D) 4437132 : Capillarieshave very thin walls which have only one layer of cells. This is to allow - (A) Tapiddiffusionof gasesand glucose (B) _slowdiffusion of gasesand glucose (©) rapid diffusion of protein and fats (D)__ slow diffusion of protein and fats GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE21. 22, 23. ae Item 21 refers to the following incomplete table which shows blood vessels supplying some organs. ‘Vessel Supplying | Organ I ‘Lung Hepatic artery [1 m Intestine Renal artery Vv Which of the following correctly labels I, I, III and IV? I i mt Low (A) [Mesenteric artery [Kidney [Pulmonary artery | Liver ~[ (8) [Pulmonary artery [Liver [Mesenteric artery | Kidney (©)_| Carotid artery Kidney | Hiac artery Liver (D) |Iiac artery Liver | Carotid artery Kidney Coronary thrombosis occurs when (A) thevalvesin the heart stop working (B) __thecoronary veinbecomes blocked with a blood clot (© acoronary artery becomes blocked with a blood elot (D) there is too much blood flowing through the heart Which of the following vitamins assists in the process of blood clotting? (A) Vitamin (8) Vitamin B (© Vitamin D (D) Vitamin K Item 24 refers to the following diagram of part of the human skeleton, 24. — Which of the following combinations correctly identifies the bones labelled X, Y and Z? a) +B) «c) (D) BoneX Bone ¥ Tibia Femur Fibula Femur BoneZ Fibula Fibula Femur GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE25. Which ofthe following diagrams represents & the pelvic girdle? (a) @) 01253010/F 2017 tem 26 refers to the following diagram of a human arm. arm is bent or flexed? (A) ®) © @) Which group BEST represents the locs The biceps pulls on the radius. ‘The triceps pulls on the ulna. ‘The scapula is pulled down. ‘The triceps shortens. ofthe ball and socket, hinge andfixed joints? Tana | Hinge | Fixed @ [_Elbow | Cranium | Shoulder | Jaw | Wrist [Knee (©) | Shoulder | Elbow | Cranium (| Wrist | Knee | Jaw GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE,28. 29. 30. In answering Items 28-29, each labelled part may be used onee, more than once or notat all. Which labelled part collects filtrate from the glomerulus? Which labelled part brings blood to the glomerulus? Which of the following occurs when blood sugar levels rise above normal? (A) Adrenalin secretion is increased. (B) Adrenalin secretion is inhibited. (C) Insulin secretion is inhibited. + (D) Insulin secretion is increased. 31. 32. Item 31 refers to the following diagram of a human brain, Cerebrum: Hypothalamus <4 JSF Cerebettam Medulla oblongata Which part of the brain is responsible for conscious thought? (A) Cerebrum (B) Cerebellum (C) Hypothalamus (D) — Medulla oblongata Which of the following is an involuntary action? (A) Eating (B) Walking (C) Breathing (D) Riding a bicycle Which of the following occurs to bring about accommodation in the eye? + (A) Tightening of suspensory ligaments through relaxation of the ciliary muscles (B) Loosening ofsuspensory ligaments through relaxation of the ciliary muscles (C)__Tighteningofsuspensory ligaments with no change in the ciliary muscles (D) Loosening ofsuspensory ligaments with no change in the ciliary muscles GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE34. 36. =10- Item 34 refers to the following diagram 35. showing some of the orgens in the body which produce hormones. 05 A Which hormone is secreted by the organ labelled S? (A) Adrenaline @) © ©) ‘The role of luteinizing hormone is to “(A) control ovulation and form the corpus luteum (B) prepare the wall of the uterus for a zygote (©) stimulate the corpus luteum to secrete progesterone (D) promote uterine contractions for childbirth Which of the following comparisons is NOT true for nervous and hormonal control? ‘Nervous Control Hormonal Control (A) | Blectrical messages travel along neurones. ‘Messages are transported in blood. (B) | Chemical messages travel across synapses. ‘Only chemical messages are involved. (©) | The response is usually short-lived. ‘The effects are often long-lasting. (D) | Messages travel slowly and take longer to have an effect. “Messages travel fast and have a rapid effect. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGEaaa Item 37 refers to the following diagram which represents the front view of the male reproductive system. 37. Which of the following correctly identifies the structures labelled 1, 2,3 and 4? 1 2 3 4 (A)_| Sperm duet Prostate gland [Seminal vesicle | Urethra (B)_| Prostate gland Seminal vesicle | Urethra Sperm duct (© [Sperm duct [Urethra Prostate gland Seminal vesicle (©) [Urethra Sperm duct ‘Seminal vesicle | Prostate gland ‘tem_38 refers to the following diagram which shows the human spermatozoon. 4) ‘® co} © 38. Which of:the labelled parts contains mitochondria? GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE«ifs Item 39 refers to the following graph which shows the level of oestrogen during the menstrual cycle. Ocstrogen level 1.23 4 5 6 7 & 9 1011 1213.14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Days 39, The oestrogen level is HIGHEST (A) — during ovulation (B) with a fully built-up uterine wall (C) atthe shedding of the uterine wall (D) during the build up of the uterine wall Which of the following contraceptive 42. __Inamulticellularorganism, whenever ells methods prevents the egg from being need to be replaced, cells divide by implanted in the uterus? (A) meiosis (A) Condom (8) fission (B) Diaphragm (©) mitosis (C) Intrauterine device (D) fertilization (D) — Spermicidal foam 43. Chromosomes are made up of protein and 41, Ovulation is the process by which (A) DNA (A) females become pregnant (B) RNA (B) _ amale anda female gamete fuse (C) starch (C)__ anegg is implanted in the uterus (D) fat (D) a mature egg is released into the oviduet GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE, 01253010/F 2017“13 44, Which of the following is an example of genetic engineering? (A) Using stem cells to produce organs (B) __Tissuecultureinbanana production (©) Cloningof high-producinganimals (D) Production of insulin by E. coli bacteria 45. Which of the following CANNOT be prevented by healthy lifestyle activities? (A) Influenza (8) Sickle-cell anaemia (C)__Iron-deficiency anaemia (D) Chronic heart disease as the following signs/symptoms: constriction of bronchial tubes, coughing and wheezing. She is MOST likely suffering from “a B® © (D) tuberculosis 47. Hypertension does NOT occur as a result of (A) _ obesity - @) anaemia (©) arteriosclerosis (D) high cholesterol levels 48. Which of the following statements about herpes is true? (A) Herpes is caused by bacteria. (B) Herpes does not affect fertility. +(©) There is no complete cure for herpes. (D) The newbom child of a herpes sufferer cannot be infected. 49. 50. si. 82, (A) Antifi Which of the following symptoms causes the MOST injury to. person suffering from dengue fever? (A) Muscle pain (B) Aching joint (© Abdominal pain /(D) — Haemorthaging of internal organs In order to purify water from a well for drinking, it is BEST to (A) pasteurize it (B) boil itto 100°C (C) boil it under pressure (D) subject itto ultra-high temperature Item 51 refers to the following diagram showing the life cycle of the housefly, @ Which stage is prevented by keeping household refuse properly covered? ‘What type of immunity is acquired when antibodies are produced when a vaccine is administered? active acquired (B) Artificial passive (C) Natural acquired (D) Natural passive GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE-14- Item 53 refers to the following graph. Rat population ‘Numbers Time 53. Whatinference canbedrawn fromthe graph above? (A) Rats suffer from leptospirosis. (B) Leptospirosis is always on the increase. (C) _ Humansmay cause leptospirosisin rats. +(D) Rats may cause leptospirosis in humans. 54, Water pollution could be controlled by “(A) public education and laws (B) pouring sewage into rivers after bacterial decomposition (©) using nitrate fertilizers on crops planted near rivers (D) washing in rivers using detergents containing phosphates SS. The process by which water vapour changes to water is known as (A) evaporation (B) sublimation (©) condensation (D) solidification 01253010/F 2017 56. Chlorine bleach can be added to drinking water to (A) improve the taste (B) prepare it for filtration (C) remove uripleasant smells (D) destroy microorganisms Which of the following is the correct sequence in testing water for bacteria? 1. Examine the agar in the petri dish for the presence of coliform colonies. II, Incubate the petri dish at 35 °C for 24 hours. III. Place collected water in a sterile bottle. IV. Pour the water onto a sterile agar a sterile petri dish. (A) LI ULIV @) HULL LIV (©) WLIVILE () VL Which of the following are effects of releasing untreated sewage into rivers and lakes? 1. Increase in bacte I. Decrease in oxygen IIL Death of fishes (A) Land Honly (B) [and [Il only (C) Mand iff only + ©) Mand 1 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE213= Which of the following gases is produced 60, in a landfill site? (A) Ozone (8) Steam (© Oxygen “(D) Methane END OF TEST A substance is biodegradable if it (A) (B) © ©) can be broken down by bacteria to harmless materials ‘cannot be broken down by bacteria to harmless materials is broken down by sunlight to harmless materials is broken down by chemicals to harmless materials, IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST. ovosania 917