Grammar for TOEFL 1: Verb

Verb (Kata Kerja)

Participle
Present Past Past Present
Participle Participle
To
V1 –s/-es Verb 1 Verb 2 Verb 3 V-ing
infinitive
To help Helps Help Helped Helped Helping Regular
Verb
To cook Cooks Cook Cooked Cooked Cooking
(lihat
To walk Walks Walk Walked Walked Walking V2 & V3)

To go Goes Go Went Gone going Irregular

Verb
To eat Eats Eat Ate Eaten eating
(lihat
To read Reads Read Read Read Reading V2 & V3)

To be Is/Am/Are Be Was/Were Been Being Auxiliary

Verb
To have Has Have Had Had Having
Be, Have, Do
To do Does Do Did Done Doing

Present – Past – Participle

Menurut bentuknya verb dibagi menjadi 3

 Present (V1): Help, Cook, Go, Eat, …….

 Past (V2): Helped, Cooked, Went, Ate……
 Participle
Past Participle (V3) : Helped, Cooked, Gone, Eaten….
Present Participle (Ving): Helping, Cooking, Going, Eating….

Regular — Irregular They, We, I, You X He, She, It

Verb tanpa –s Verb dengan -s
Berdasarkan perubahannya Verb dibagi menjadi 2

 Regular: Help – Helped – Helped We work together

 Irregular: Go – Went – Gone He works in the office

They do the assignment

She does the assignment

Grammar for TOEFL 1: Verb

Ordinary – Auxiliary
Berdasarkan letaknya Verb dibagi menjadi 2

 Verb Ordinary itu kata kerja utama (di belakang)

 Verb Auxiliary adalah kata kerja bantu (di depan)

Contoh Auxiliary & Ordinary

They go to Bali by airplane.

Go: Kata kerja utama (Ordinary)

They are going to Bali by airplane.

Are: kata kerja bantu (Auxiliary

Going: kata kerja utama (Ordinary)

They will go to Bali by airplane tomorrow.

Will: Auxiliary

Go: Ordinary

They have been going to Bali by airplane.

Have been: Auxiliary

Going: Ordinary

They will have been going to Bali by airplane.

Will have been: Auxiliary

Going: Ordinary
Grammar for TOEFL 1: Verb

Ordinary (Transitive – Intransitive)

Verb Ordinary dibagi menjadi 2

 Transitive (Verb yg butuh Objek)

We eat apples everyday

 Intransitive (Tidak butuh Objek)

They run

Auxiliary (Be, Do, & Have – Modals)

 Be: is, am, are, was, were.
 Do: Do, Does, Did.
 Have: Have, Has, Had.

Modals

Can/Could (bisa), Shall/Should (sebaiknya), May (mungkin), Must (harus), will/would (akan)

SEOM (Similar Meaning of Modals/Sinonim dari Modal)

(Be) able to = can/could (bisa)

(have) to = must (harus)

I have to go to the pharmacy to get the medicine

I must be able to get a high score in the final exam

Pola Verb yang sering muncul di soal TOEFL

Modal + V1 Have + V3
We should study English I have done the homework.
She can remember many vocabularies She has gone to the school.

Be + Ving Be + V3
He is sleeping in the room The laptop is used by my sister
They are working in the office The lamps are turned on by Henry.