“:

Motivation and Location

Tailoring engagement strategies to online and offline
learning.
Name: Nicholas Thorner

25-27 February 2021, English Language Teaching Online Conference (ELTOC)

A period of change
What’s affected your motivation over the past year?

A. Career development
B. Job satisfaction
C. Staff morale
D. Job security
E. Workload (e.g. preparation, marking, training)

2 Photo: Microsoft stock image

Research
What’s the greatest challenge?

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Research
Benefits of online learning

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Self-determination theory
The 3 common drivers of motivation

Students are motivated when learning….

• promises them:
a) autonomy
b) relatedness
c) competence

Photo: Microsoft stock image

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Self-determination theory
The 3 common drivers of motivation

Students are motivated when learning….

• promises them:
a) autonomy
b) relatedness
c) competence
• helps them obtain these in the future
(instrumental motivation)
Photo: Microsoft stock image

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Self-determination theory
The 3 common drivers of motivation

Students are motivated when learning….

• promises them:
a) autonomy
b) relatedness
c) competence
• helps them obtain these in the future
(instrumental motivation)
• stops them losing the above (negative Photo: Microsoft stock image

motivation)

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Self-determination theory
The 3 common drivers of motivation

Students are motivated when learning….

• promises them:
a) autonomy
b) relatedness
c) competence
• helps them obtain these in the future
(instrumental motivation)
• stops them losing the above (negative Photo: Microsoft stock image

motivation)
• provides more of the above from other
available activities (opportunity cost)

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Person-in-context perspective
The influence of place
Places have different …
- Injunctive and behavioral norms - stimuli/associations
- Behavioural opportunities - institutional values

Photos: Microsoft stock images

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Autonomy
Online: finding the right balance

• Sharing screens and photos

Photo: Microsoft stock image

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Autonomy
Online: finding the right balance

• Sharing screens and photos

• Researching and preparing online

Photo: Microsoft stock image

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Autonomy
Online: finding the right balance

• Sharing screens and photos

• Researching and preparing online
• Monitoring participation (e.g. with hand
raising/constant status changes or polls)

Photo: Microsoft stock image

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Sharing resources 1

13 Images: author’s own screen

Sharing resources 2

Photo: screen image from TED.com

Main image: author’s own screen

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Autonomy
The challenge of classroom autonomy

• Letting students work alone more?

Photo: Microsoft stock image

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Autonomy
The challenge of classroom autonomy

• Letting students alone more?

• Letting students control resources

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Autonomy
The challenge of classroom autonomy

• Letting students alone more?

• Letting students control resources
• Assigning roles and responsibilities

Photo: Microsoft stock image

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Relatedness

Feeling disconnected from one’s classmates and

not identifying with school can alienate students
from academic work…. Identifying with school
may further reinforce achievement values… At the
very least feeling a sense of belonging appears to
be beneficial to those who are most likely to give
up.
Juvonen and Knifsend (2016) School-based peer relationships and achievement motivation, Handbook of
Motivation at School Second Edition, Routledge p.243

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 How do we increase relatedness?

19 Photo: Microsoft stock image

Relatedness
In class Together at a distance?

• Sharing jokes and • Emoji

camaraderie
• Warmers / games e.g.
Miming and TPR
• Songs, rhymes, tongue-
twisters
• Discussion of personally
relevant issues

20 Photo: Microsoft stock image

Relatedness
In class Together at a distance?

• Sharing jokes and • Emoji

camaraderie • Break-out spaces
• Warmers / games e.g.
Miming and TPR
• Songs, rhymes, tongue-
twisters
• Discussion of personally
relevant issues

21 Photo: Microsoft stock image

Relatedness
In class Together at a distance?

• Sharing jokes and • Emoji

camaraderie • Break-out spaces
• Warmers / games e.g. • Inviting students in (or
Miming and TPR excluding?)
• Songs, rhymes, tongue-
twisters
• Discussion of personally
relevant issues

22 Photo: Microsoft stock image

Relatedness
In class Together at a distance?

• Sharing jokes and • Emoji

camaraderie • Break-out spaces
• Warmers / games e.g. • Inviting students in (or
Miming and TPR excluding?)
• Songs, rhymes, tongue- • Personal messaging
twisters
• Discussion of personally
relevant issues

23 Photo: Microsoft stock image

Relatedness
In class Together at a distance?

• Sharing jokes and • Emoji

camaraderie • Break-out spaces
• Warmers / games e.g. • Inviting students in (or
Miming and TPR excluding?)
• Songs, rhymes, tongue- • Personal messaging
twisters • Acknowledging all
• Discussion of personally contributions.
relevant issues

24 Photo: Microsoft stock image

Competence
In the class

• Pairing stronger and weaker students

Photo: Microsoft stock image

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Competence
In the class

• Pairing stronger and weaker students

• Checking answers in pairs before sharing

Photo: Microsoft stock image

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Competence
In the class

• Pairing stronger and weaker students

• Checking answers in pairs before sharing
• Giving positive feed back

Photo: Microsoft stock image

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Competence
In the class

• Pairing stronger and weaker students

• Checking answers in pairs before sharing
• Giving positive feed back
• Displaying work

Photo: Microsoft stock image

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Competence
In the class

• Pairing stronger and weaker students

• Checking answers in pairs before sharing
• Giving positive feed back
• Displaying work
• Accepting contributions
Photo: Microsoft stock image

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Competence
Online opportunities

• Rehearsing and submitting

speech recordings /
recorded dialogues

Photo: Microsoft stock image

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Competence
Online opportunities

• Rehearsing and submitting

speech recordings /
recorded dialogues
• Posting or sharing written
Photo: Microsoft stock image
work

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Competence
Online opportunities

• Rehearsing and submitting

speech recordings /
recorded dialogues
• Posting or sharing written
Photo: Microsoft stock image
work
• Kahoot-style online quizzes

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 Motivational Teaching
Discover insights to enhance learner motivation through key
teaching processes and learn about:

• the many factors that affect learner

motivation how they each connect to
innovative teaching ideas and
strategies.
• how motivation to learn works both on
an individual level and within the
classroom environment.
• over 100 teaching ideas underpinned
by the latest research into learner
motivation.

Available now on Amazon:

https://amzn.to/2NhPqqi
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