ENCH 607-Natural Gas Processing

Fall 2011-TAKE-HOME FINAL EXAM

DUE Thursday December 8th, 2011 AT 2:00 PM

 This is an open-book and notes exam. Unlike the homework, collaboration is not
permitted—please do not work with others on this exam.
 Please submit your exam in an enclosed envelope directly to Dr. N. Nassar (CCIT
016) or to Ms Jinny Kim in the Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering

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(ENB 202).

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 In case you submitted your exam to Ms Jinny Kim, make sure to email Dr. Nassar

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to confirm your submission.

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Instructions
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1. The final exam comprises 3 questions and 3 pages (including this page).
2. Value of each question is explicitly stated and exam totals 25 marks.
3. The examination is to be completed individually.
4. The examination is open book and open notes.
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5. Use of scientific calculators is allowed.

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6. Keep hand written calculations neat and indicate your answers clearly.
7. State simplifications and assumptions clearly.
8. Read the entire exam before starting.
9. Report your answers using appropriate units for full marks.
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10. Show all work for full marks.

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 Question Number 1 (10 Marks)
The following diagram shows the elevation profile for a gas pipeline used in a field gathering
system. The gas with a molecular mass of 25 kg/kmol is flowing in the pipeline at a flow rate
1000 e3Sm3/d. The pipeline has an inside diameter of 200 mm, length of 20 km and an elevation
gain of 150 m. The temperature and pressure at the inlet of the pipeline are 50 oC and 9000 kPa,
respectively. At the exit of the pipeline the temperature is 30 oC. The gas compressibility at the
inlet and outlet of the pipeline is 0.87 and 0.86, respectively. As the field declines, the wells start
to produce water and additional wells and compressions are added. At the peak rates, the flow
rate of water is 250 m3/d and the outlet temperature is 40 oC. Assume that the gas flow rate, the
inlet temperature, and the inlet pressure at the peak rates will be identical to those for the initial
conditions.
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Determine:

a. For the initial conditions:

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i. The initial discharge pressure (kPa) of the pipeline by using the Panhandle A
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method, assume E = 0.92.

b. For the decline conditions:
i. The flow regime using the method developed by Gregory-Aziz-Mandhane
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ii. The discharge pressure (kPa) using the modified Flanigan correlation
iii. The liquid hold-up in the pipeline
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The following Table shows the gas and water properties at the decline conditions

Gas water
Outlet temperature 40 oC 40 oC
Average compressibility 0.865 NA
Average density, kg/m3 70 990
Molecular mass, kg/kmol 25 18
Average viscosity, cP 0.015 0.6
Surface tension, N/m - 0.05

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 Question Number 2 (7.5Marks)
A crude oil, at an inlet temperature of 90°C, flows at a rate of 1 m3/h through a pipeline that is 40
mm diameter and 50 m long. The tube-wall is maintained at an average temperature of 20°C. The
average oil properties are: specific heat capacity = 3.0 kJ/(kg K), density = 800 kg/m3, viscosity
= 5.0 mPa s, and thermal conductivity = 0.2 W/(m K). Determine:
a) The crude oil outlet temperature
b) The rate of heat transfer
c) After some time, a 3-mm thick deposit-layer (thermal conductivity = 0.3 W/(m K)) is
formed uniformly on the inner tube surface. For the same crude oil flow rate, inlet
temperature and tube-wall temperature, calculate:
i. The crude oil outlet temperature
ii. The rate of heat transfer
iii. The average temperature at the oil–deposit interface.

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Question Number 3 (7.5 Marks)

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A crude oil-fired heater furnace has an operating temperature of 1200 C and its average rate of

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fuel consumption is 500 L/h. The flue gas is passed through an air preheater and the exit

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temperature of the flue gas after an air preheater is 350 C. Combustion air is preheated from an
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ambient temperature of 25 C to 180 C through an air preheater. Stack gas measurements
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indicate an excess air level of 50% with the flue gas. The other data are as given in the table
below. Determine:
a) The amount of heat carried away by the exhaust gases (in kCal/h and also as % of the
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energy input)
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b) The amount of heat recovered by the combustion air (in kCal/h and also as % of the
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energy input).

Item Value
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Crude oil specific gravity 0.90

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Crude oil heat value, kCal/kg 10000

Flue gas specific heat, kCal/kg oC 0.3
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Theoretical air required, kg air/kg of crude oil 20

Specific heat of air, kCal/kg oC 0.24
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***************************************End of exam questions*************************

*****************************************GD LUCK***************************

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