Mould Base

There are many different types of Standard Mold bases.  Specific Mold base
applications can be  matched to the need of the intended design.  Significant
design time, and costs reduction can be realized by applying a properly matched
moldbase to the design.

    Selecting the proper type of the Moldbase depends on knowing part;
production, ejection, runner, and gate type among other features of the design.

    Each Mold Base will contain Offsets.  Offsets ensure that the mold can only be
put together the same, each and every time by the mold maker. 
    Typical offsets are: 
    1. At the parting line, one of the guide pins and mating guide bushing will be
offset.   
    2. Another offset will occur with one of the Return pins.

Plates in an A-Series Moldbase

Animation of an A Series Moldbase

B-Series

Plates in a B-Series Mold

Animation of a B-Series Mold
AX-Series  Stripper Plate Mold

Plates in a AX-Series Stripper Plate Mold

 Animation of an AX-Series with A Side Stripper Plate
T-Series Three Plate Mold

Plates in a T-Series Mold

 Animation of a T-Series Mold
Unit Mold

Plates in a Unit Mold

Animation of a Unit Mold
Shuttle Mold

Plates in a Shuttle Mold

 Animation of a Shuttle Mold
Runners

A Runner is a machined groove located between (and includes) the Sprue

Bushing and the Gate.

    The function of a runner is to provide a passage for the material to flow from
the Sprue Bushing to the Gate.

    There are many types of Runner cross sectional shapes.  Most common shapes
are the Full Round, Half Round, and the Trapezoidal.  

    As the Runner branches and changes direction from the Sprue to the Gate the
runner is reduced in its cross-sectional area (typically about 25%).  The portion
coming from the Sprue is referred to as the Primary Runner, the next section is
referred to as the Secondary Runner, and followed by the Tertiary Runner.

    The length of a runner system should be kept to a minimum.  Injection

Pressure build-up due to long runner lengths can be reduced by increasing the
runner diameter.  However, larger runner diameters increase cycle time due to
the added volume of  material that needs to be chilled/solidified.  2

    Below the point where the bottom of the Sprue Bushing and runner meet,
there is a small cold slug well, and some form of sprue puller.
Sprue Puller

Cold Sprue

A standard Cold Sprue Bushing  provides a means for the material to travel
from the Machine Nozzle to the Primary Runner.

    The Nozzle end of the bushing has two important dimensions. 
        1. There is a hole opening, it is referred to as the the "O" dimension, and the
other is the spherical radius that seats with the nozzle.  The 'O' dimension should
be 7/32R (.44 DIA) with 9/16R being used on very large molds.  
        2. The spherical radius should be .75 SPHR, or  .5 SPHR.

    The  hole inside the Sprue Bushing should tapered at .500 or .562 TPF.

    The taper hole diameter at the Runner end of the bushing  should be equal to,
or be slightly larger than the runner diameter.  A radius of approx. .03-.06
should  be placed at the taper and runner intersection.

    Below the Sprue Bushing should be a provision for a Sprue Puller mechanism. 
There are three common types of Sprue Pullers, and they are typically .25 below
the parting line, which functions as a cold slug well.  
            Reverse taper well
             'Z' cut on Sprue Puller Pin
            Bulb machined on the end of the Sprue Puller Pin.

    Gussets are sometimes cut into the Sprue Bushing (sometimes gussets are
machined into the B side too) to help reduce the cycle time.

Runner Types

The most efficient Runner shape is the Full Round, followed by the Trapezoidal
and followed by the Half Round Runner shape.

    There are many modified versions of these runners.

Full Round

 A Full Round Runner is the most efficient shape for reducing the cooling effect
on the material as it flows in the runner.
Half Round

 The Half Round runner is simply a runner system machined with a ball nose
cutter into one plate of the mold.

Trapezoidal

Trapezoidal Runners are very common in three plate molds.  While not as
efficient in chilling effect of a full round runner, the ease of cutting the runner
shape, and the elimination of the need to mate two runner plates together, makes
the trapezoidal runner  a good second choice of runner shape.

Runner diameters
Runner Diameter sizing is directly related to the wall thickness of the part.  Typically
standard cutter sizes are utilized to machine the runner system, select the closest standard
cutter size to keep regrind levels below 25%.

The runner that feeds material to the gate and part cavity should be 1.5 times the wall
thickness for  Semi crystalline materials.  For Amorphous materials add approximately
40%.  For each branch of the runner towards the Sprue add .025 (IN).  The O dimension of
the Sprue should then be .050 larger than the main runner.  The nozzle DIA should then be
.025 less than the O Dimension.

General thermoplastic materials with no fillers,  and their typical runner diameters.

Material Diameter Material Diameter

ABS, SAN .1875-.375 Acetate .1875-.4375
Acrylic .3125-.375 Butyrate .1875-.375
Acrylic (Impact) .3125-.50 Nylon .0625-.375
Phenylene .250-.375 Polycarbonate (PC) .1875-.375
Polyester .125-.3125 Polyethylene (PE) .0625-.375
Polypropylene (PP) .1875-.375 Polystyrene (PS) .125-.375
Polyvinyl .125-.375 Rigid PVC .250-.625
Polyurethane .250-.3125    

 Runner Guidelines

The objective of good runner design is to provide an efficient path that will fill
the cavity as quickly as possible, with proper material temperature and  minimal
scrap.

Cold Slug wells must be incorporated into the runner at every branch.  The cold
slug well should be from  .5 - 1 Dia of the runner in length.

A balanced runner system is highly desirable.

On large runner systems, more than one sprue puller may be required, as well as
ejector pins.

The smallest runner permissible is desirable with reference to cycle time.

Runner sizes and angles (trapezoidal) should be equal to standard cutter sizes.

Balanced Runner Layout

A Balanced Runner Layout is when the distance from the Sprue to the Gate is equal for
each and every cavity.  It is important that each cavity start and end the fill process at the
same time.  A Balanced Runner System also provides for equal pressure thought the mold.

Four Cavity  Layout (No Cold Slug Well)

Six Cavity Layout

Eight Cavity Layout

Cold Slug Well

    Cold Slug Wells are  are highly desirable in an Injection Mold.  The Cold Slug Well
provides a small reservoir (well) to trap air, and impurities  before they enter the Runner,
Gate and Cavity.  

A Cold Slug Well is located above the Sprue Puller Pin.  Typically, as the runner changes
from a primary to secondary, and, secondary to tertiary  there is also a  cold slug well at
each intersection.
Runner Areas

Of primary concern for an effective runner system is the Volume to Surface

ratio.  Minimizing the surface area of the runner reduces the cycle time and
pressure drop.

Equivalent Hydraulic Runner  Diameter calculations  can be  performed to

compare various runner cross sectional shapes.  Hydraulic Diameter (Hd) is an
index of the resistance of flow, The higher the Hd the lower the resistance to
flow.

The formula :    4 A /P = Hd

               where:    A = cross sectional area

                                P = perimeter
                                Hd = Hydraulic Diameter

Cold Sprue

A standard Cold Sprue Bushing  provides a means for the material to travel
from the Machine Nozzle to the Primary Runner.

    The Nozzle end of the bushing has two important dimensions. 
        1. There is a hole opening, it is referred to as the the "O" dimension, and the
other is the spherical radius that seats with the nozzle.  The 'O' dimension should
be 7/32R (.44 DIA) with 9/16R being used on very large molds.  
        2. The spherical radius should be .75 SPHR, or  .5 SPHR.

    The  hole inside the Sprue Bushing should tapered at .500 or .562 TPF.
    The taper hole diameter at the Runner end of the bushing  should be equal to,
or be slightly larger than the runner diameter.  A radius of approx. .03-.06
should  be placed at the taper and runner intersection.

    Below the Sprue Bushing should be a provision for a Sprue Puller mechanism. 
There are three common types of Sprue Pullers, and they are typically .25 below
the parting line, which functions as a cold slug well.  
            Reverse taper well
             'Z' cut on Sprue Puller Pin
            Bulb machined on the end of the Sprue Puller Pin.

    Gussets are sometimes cut into the Sprue Bushing (sometimes gussets are
machined into the B side too) to help reduce the cycle time.

Hot Runner

A Hot Runner Mold is similar to a hot glue gun.  Material is heated to a molten state,  then
it  is dispensed at the tip to the desired area.  Parts can be small single gated, or large and
multi-gated.  Hot Runner Molds have many unique advantages over "Cold Runner"
molds.

    While Hot Runner Molds are typically more expensive than  "Cold Runner" molds, the
cost of the mold  can be offset in other ways.  Thermoplastic  Hot Runner Molds can reduce
costs due to :

  No scraping of the the runner.   As the term implies, the runner in a Hot Runner mold 
stays in a molten state at all times (no regrind).  
     
Reducing the cycle time.  In a Cold Runner mold the runner typically has the largest cross
sectional area, therefore, the runner takes longer to  solidify.  Eliminating the runner
reduces the overall cycle time.  Furthermore, injection time is reduced due to the shot size
being  reduced by the elimination of the runner.

    Hot Runner Molds have the ability to improve both part and mold  design with flexibility
of gating locations, which provides options for cavity orientation.   Pressure drops are
greatly reduced due to the balanced melt flow as the temperature is consistent from the
machine nozzle to the gate.

    Precise material temperature control is critical to successful Hot Runner

processing.

Gates
A Gate is a small area between the runner and the part cavity.  The type, size
and location of a Gate in an injection mold is critical to efficiently producing
quality parts.  

    The type of gate selected depends on many factors including: 

        Gate witness marks, 

         Material Type, 
         Filler used (if any),
         Tooling Costs, 
         Scrap Allowance, 
         and the Mold  Plates used among others.

    Small restrictive gates are preferred.  Minimal sized gates provide a small
witness mark, and detaching parts from the Gate/Runner is easier.

A single gate per cavity is desired,  however,  part size and the material  used
may dictate multiple gates to be used.

     Locate the gate in an inconspicuous location of the part if possible. The Gate
location should be at the thickest wall of the part (flow from thick ,to thin) and
the thickness of the gate should be approximately two thirds the size of the wall.  

        The gate location  and the surrounding area is also the highest area of stress
in the final part.  Do not position the gate at a location that part function
indicates bending  or impact strength is required. 

There are two general categories  of gates:

    1.  Automatic De-gating
            Automatic de-gating includes Sub gates and 3-Plate Pin gates
    2.  Manual De-gating
            All others generally fall into the Manual de-gating category. 

Edge Gate

Edge Gates are the most commonly used of all gating options.  
The height of the gate should equal 75-100% of the wall thickness up to .125 in.  
The width should  equal 2 times the depth,   as it would appear in a mold.
An Edge Gate will leave a  Scar at the Parting Line equal to the cross section of the
size of the gate.

Fan Gate
Fan Gates deliver plastic to a wide area of the part.  This minimizes backfilling, and
provides for better part surfaces, and reduces stress as well as imperfections.
A Fan Gate will leave a Scar the size of the cross section of the gate, and requires
(typically) manual trimming from the runner.

Pin Gate

Pin Gates are used in three-plate molds.  The actual gate diameter is from .030 - .
100 diameter.

A Pin Gate will leave a small Scar that is the size of the gate.
Ring Gate

A Ring Gate will produce a Scar around the entire part, the height is equal to the gate
height.
Sprue Gate
The Sprue gate is used when  Single cavity cylindrical parts need to be balanced and
concentric.  Sprue gated pars  have very good weld-line strength (if any), and typically
are lower stressed, and are of high strength.

A Sprue Gate will leave a significant Scar equal to the size of the sprue diameter at
the point of contact of the part.
Sub Gate - (May Also called a Tunnel Gate, Cashew or Banana)

Gating away from the parting line can be accomplished by using a Sub Gate. 
The Sub Gate also provides for automatic De-Gating of the Runner and Part
within the mold.

Cashew,  Banana gates require split inserted steels.  Split steels are required to
facilitate machining.  Standard inserts are readily  available. 
    The diameter at the gate is .030-.090 for unfilled materials and .100-.125 for
filled materials.  The angle is typically at 30 to 45 degrees from vertical.  Ejector
Pins are required to ensure automatic de-gating.

A Sub Gate will leave a Pin sized Scar on the part.

Flash Gate

 The Flash gate is typically used on flat acrylic parts, where flatness and non warping
is to be kept to a minimum.  The runner adjacent to the gate usually runs parallel with
the edge of part.  Flash gates typically exceed 25% of the width of the part at the
gating location.

The Flash  gate requires post processing to remove the extensive scar.

Cooling

Considered the third phase of the Injection Molding Cycle, the Cooling Phase
consumes the greatest amount of time. Therefore, it is a serious area for
designers and mold makers to make sure that all Coolant schemes have been
thoroughly investigated for their suitability.

    Correct cooling of an Injection Mold is required to produce good quality parts
at an optimum rate.  All Injection Molds have some sort of cooling provision to
ensure  efficient part production.  Chilled water (80-140 degrees F) is perhaps the
most common medium to extract heat energy from the the mold.  Coolant lines
are drilled into various plates at specific locations to provide even uniform
cooling of the mold cavity steels.  

    Many standard cooling components are available to provide the Mold
Designer with many options to achieve the uniform cooling patterns needed for
ensure quality part production.   The most common coolant line diameter is 7/16,
while 5/16 and 9/16 are used less frequently.
Cooling Rules

Coolant lines will be:

     .4375 in Diameter unless otherwise approved.

Water Line Connector Diverting Plugs and Rods Baffles

Copper Alloy Pins Thermal Pins Bubbler Tubes
Cascade Water Junction Water Manifold Plugs

 
Water Line Connector

Diverting Plugs and Rods

Pressure Plugs are used to "plug" the water line hole with a water tight seal  at the
edges of various plates.

Diverting  Plugs provide a means to block the water flow  and thus "Diverts" the
direction of the water flow.

Brass Rods connect to and position Diverting Plugs. The rods usually touch the
Pressure Plugs for proper  positioning.

Baffles
Copper Alloy Pins

Thermal Pins 
Bubbler Tubes

Cascade Water Junction

Water Manifold

Plugs and Rods

Pressure Plugs are used to "plug" the water line hole with a water tight seal  at the
edges of various plates.

Diverting  Plugs provide a means to block the water flow  and thus "Diverts" the
direction of the water flow.

Brass Rods connect to and position Diverting Plugs. The rods usually touch the
Pressure Plugs for proper  positioning.
Ejections

Considered the fourth phase of the Injection Molding Process, Ejection is the
process of removing the solidified part from the mold.

Common ejection methods include:  Ejector Pins, Ejector Sleeves,  Ejector

Blades and Stripper Plate.

    Ejector Pins and Blades  and to a lesser extent the Stripper Plate and Ejector
Sleeves, all leave a  "witness mark" on the finished part.  Furthermore, the
ejector pin and blade will either 1)  leave an impression or 2) a protrusion, where
the pin or blade is located on the part.

    Locating ejectors is important.  Balanced pressure on the part by all ejectors is
important.  Accurate location of ejectors on part walls, ribs, and bosses is highly
desirable.  Part appearance and function must be taken into consideration when
designing the ejection system. Stripper Plate ejection is highly preferred due to
the even pressure and minimal witness marks on the part.

    The number and size of ejectors (area thereof)  used  is dependant on the size
and shape of the part. One major consideration for proper design is ensure that
the sizes selected  will work, error on too much ejection (larger Diameter pins)
than on too little area.  Ejector pins may require methods to eliminate rotation,
if,  the pin end at the part is cut other than parallel to the head of the pin.

Draw Polishing is recommended for thin walls, ribs, or minimal draft areas. 

    Ejector Pins are frequently used to help eject the runner system from the
mold.  If a Sub-Gate is used in the mold, an Ejector Pin is used near the
beginning of the drop of the gate to help break the part from the runner/sub-
gate.

    Accelerated ejector systems are sometimes needed to eject the part from a tall
core.  An Early Return of the ejector sub-assembly may be required when some
slides are used in the mold.

It is also possible to "Tip" a part to get the part to fall from the mold in a certain
direction.

Guided Ejection                 Design Examples             Accelerated Ejection

Guided Ejector Pin and Bushing

Function:
The function of the Guided Ejector System (Pin and Bushing) is to take the pressure off the
Return Pins, Ejector Pins and the Sprue Puller Pins.  If the mold is set to run with the
Ejector system actuation in the horizontal  position (typical), the ejector sub assembly is
cantilevered, and thus will put stress on the return, sprue and  ejector pins.  The Guided
Ejector System will reduce if not eliminate these stresses.

The Guide bushing is located between the Ejector and Ejector Retainer Plates, and the
Guide Pin is placed either in either: 1. The bottom of the Ejector Housing, or 2. In the
Support Plate.  In either case the Pin resides in the open space of the ejector housing

Design Examples

You  Must Have a DWF Viewer to View These Files.

 
   A-B Battery Top Humidity Control ICI Knob
Plan View Core/Ejector Core   Core
Plan View 
Cavity   Cavity
Cavity/Cover
Section AA Section A-A   Section A-A
Section BB  or
Section B-B   Section B-B
End View
B-O-M - 1
B-O-M - 2
B-O-M B-O-M - 3 B-O-M B-O-M
B-O-M - 4
B-O-M - 5
Part - Part -

Details Drawings

  A-B Battery Top Humidity Control ICI Knob

  Sheet 5 Sheet 1 Sheet 1
  Sheet 6 Sheet 2 -
  Sheet 7 - -
  Sheet 8    
  Sheet 9    
  Sheet 10    
  Sheet 11    
  Sheet 12    
  Sheet 13    
  Sheet 14    
  Sheet 15    
  Sheet 16    
  Sheet 17    
  Sheet 18    
  Sheet 19    
  Sheet 20    
  Sheet 21    
  Sheet 22    
  Sheet 23    
  Sheet 24    
  Sheet 25    
  Sheet 26    
   Sheet 27    
  Sheet 28    
  Sheet 29    
  Sheet 30    
  Sheet 31    
  Sheet 32 _  
  Sheet 33 _  
  Sheet 34 _  
  Sheet 35 _  
  Sheet 36 - -

Coolant Schematic

  Schematic 1    
  Schematic 2    

Accelerated Ejection

Types of Ejectors

Ejector Pins Ejector Blades Stripper Plate

Ejector Sleeves Jiffey-Jector Air Poppets
Ejector Pins

Ejector Pins are available in a wide variety of sizes and materials. 

Ejector Blades

Stripper Plate

Stripper Plates are typically used to strip the part off the Core Steel( "B") side of the
mold.  The Stripper Plate is actuated  via many mechanisms including: Plate latch
controllers, Stripper Bolts, Springs, Return Pins  and hydraulics. 

 Animation of a Stripper Plate  (using Return Pins)

Ejector Sleeves
An Ejector Sleeve is basically an Ejector Pin with a hole thru the center.  The hole  is
used for a Core Pin to form a portion of the desired part.  The Core Pin touches the
part, the other end of the Core Pin runs thru the Ejector Housing and terminate near
the bottom of the moldbase.

The actuation of an Ejector Sleeve is like an Ejector Pin.

Animation of an Ejector Sleeve

Jiffey-Jector
Air Poppets

Early Return
When a slide cavity steel occupies the same space of an eventual ejector pin,
there is a  need for an early return system in the mold.

    If an early return system is not designed into a mold with the circumstances
above, the slide will attempt to return to the closed position, before the ejector
pin is returned, and will cause a collision.

Action Moulds

Action molds are molds that have some sort of mechanical 'Action' incorporated into the
design to enable  molding of complex part geometry.

    Any significant hole, slot, undercut, or thread that is not perpendicular to the
Parting Line requires Action to enable the mold to produce the part.

Basic Animation of a Slide

Mold Animation  (large File)
Slide Mold    (2D w/ Lifter) Mold
 

Slide Action requires several mechanical components to enable the molding of complex
part geometry.   Slides are usually used for exterior action, and typically pull a core located
on the "B" side of the mold.

Slide Action molds typically contain the following components: 

    
Angle Pin (also referred to as: Cam, or Horn Pin)
     The function of the Angle Pin is to move (drive) the Slide attached to the "B" side of the
mold.  Angles are typically 5-28 degrees from the vertical.  The angle and length of the pin is
determined by the amount of travel is required for the "Side-Pull" of the part.

 Slide
       The slide can be a steel that forms a portion of the part, or it can retain core pin or other
shape of core steel.  The slide usually rests upon a wear plate and retained via a gibing system. 
There typically is a wear plate attached to the slide that enables the heel block to push the slide in
for final locking before injection.

 L-Gibs (or Gibbing)

        L-Gibs are used to contain the slide, and ensure that the slide moves in an accurately and
smoothly without any significant misalignment of the slide to the other cavity forming steels. L-
Gibs and wear plates are usually Lamina Bronze.  Grease grooves are added to aid in preventing
wear.

 Wear Plate
        The wear plate provides a surface that will resist wear when the slide moves over it, during
the life of the mold.

 Slide Retainer
        The Slide Retainer holds the slide in the fully open position to ensure that the slide does not
move until it is supposed to (otherwise, damage will result to the mold).  There are many types of
slide retainer mechanisms, some are standard components.  A Ball-detent can be used as a
retainer.

 Slide Lock
        Slide Locks are required to "Lock" the slide in place for injection.  The lock takes ALL the
pressure off the Angle Pin during injection (the angle pin does not touch the slide during
injection).  The angle of the lock is typically 2-4 degrees greater (from the vertical)  than the
Angle Pin. 

Slid Mold

The image below is a section thru a Slide and Lifter Action Mold

Basic Animation of a Slide Mold

Mold Animation
Injection Molding

The Injection Molding Process in its simplest form is:

The process of taking plastic at room temperature, heating it to a fluid state,  forcing the
material    into a cavity that is the negative shape of  the desired product, allowing the
material to solidify, then remove the part from the mold.

 A more technical description of the Injection Molding Process is:

Placing material in the hopper of the Injection Molding press, Heating the material in the
barrel via band heaters and friction to a fluid state, forcing the material through the
Nozzle, entering the Sprue Bushing, then entering the Runner system (Cold Sprue) and
Gate, the material then enters the Cavity which is a negative image of the desired part, the
material is held under pressure while it solidifies, then the part, gate and Runner are
Ejected from the mold.

 Cold Sprue vs Hot Manifold /Runner

    Cold Sprue molding means that the Sprue and Runner material is solidified
along with the part with each cycle of the press.  The scrap (sprue and runner
material) are typically ground and either sold or added to the virgin material in
limited percentages.

    Hot Manifold / Runner  means that the material stays is a molten state from
the Injection Molding Machine until the gate.  This type of molding eliminates
the sprue and runner scrap associated with cold sprue molding.

More on Hot Manifolds

Hot Runner

A Hot Runner Mold is similar to a hot glue gun.  Material heated to a molten state,  then it 
is dispensed at the tip to the desired area.  Hot Runner Molds have many unique
advantages over "Cold Runner" molds.

While Hot Runner Molds are typically more expensive than a "Cold Runner" molds, the
cost of the mold  can be offset in other ways.  Thermoplastic  Hot Runner Molds can reduce
costs by the following :

  No scraping of the the runner.   As the term implies, the runner in a Hot Runner mold 
stays in a molten state at all times.
        No Removal of the Runner from the part  (Labor)
        No Regrinding of Runner (Labor and material handling)

 Processing Advantages (hot manifold vs cold sprue):

        Lower Injection Pressures
        Clamping Pressure is lowered
        Consistent temperatures in the cavity
        Cooling time reduced
        Shot Size reduced by amount of runner volume
        Elimination of Nozzle freezing 
    
Reducing the cycle time.  In a Cold Runner mold the runner typically has the largest cross
sectional area, therefore, the runner takes longer to  solidify.  Eliminating the runner
reduces the overall cycle time.  Furthermore, injection time is reduced due to the shot size
being  reduced by the elimination of the runner.
    Hot Runner Molds have the ability to improve both part and mold  design
with flexibility of gating locations, which provides options for cavity orientation.  
Pressure drops are greatly reduced due to the balanced melt flow as the
temperature is consistent from the nozzle to the gate.

View of Cavity

View of Ejector
Section BB
Section AA
Class Room

Student Projects

  Lifter Molds
Fill
Open BO DATA
Student Part Mold Coolant Analysi  Animation
(DWF M Sheet
s
DWF or DWF or DWF or
File Type(s) Web MS Word   Web .AVI
.exe .exe .exe
Battery BO Shane
Smith  - Open (exe) Data Sheet Coolant Report
Cover M Animation
Mold BO Ben
Himebaugh Calculator Open Mold Data Sheet Coolant Report
(DWF) M Animation
Battery Mold(DWF BO Kyle
Kukwicki Open Mold Data Sheet Coolant Report
Cover ) M Animation
Tennant Clip Mold (exe) 1.  2. Open BO Data Sheet Coolant Report None
 M

Slide Molds
Open DATA Fill
Student Part Mold BOM Coolant  Animation
(DWF Sheet Analysis
Mold
Smith Latch            
(exe)

Design Standard

Fasteners Cutting Plane Information Text Height

Dowels Underlining Text Steel Sizes
Dowel and Fastener Centers Inserts B-O-M
Steels Balloons Out of Position
View Labeling Tool Steel Hatching Center Lines
Stamp Shading Text Height

Fasteners: Use only .12 increments on dia.  Seldom will you use less than .375 dia
fasteners in this class.  You must order the fastener shown in the design.  Sectioning  of
fasteners  must be shown properly.  All fasteners must be shown in the plan view unless
there is a symmetrical pattern, then centerlines may be shown.  Fasteners must be shown at
least once for each different situation in the section views. Half fastener / half dowel may be
used including tail curve breaks.  Effective thread engagement is 1.5 times the dia.  Hex is
required (both solid and hidden plan view , chamfer is  required for both hidden and solid
applications for side view of fastener

Cutting Plane Line will be Phantom  (see handout on determination)..

Thickness: .050 Thick for  plotter, .013 Thick for  printer.  Use proper setup
in CAD for         both plotting and printing.

Section ID’:s (AA,BB etc.) are placed in back of the arrows and are .38 in
height.

Section View ID Text: Height is also .38

 Section Arrows: are to be created with  a curve on the back end and with a
colored   gradual shadeing fillin (ask for example). Section arrows must be in
a ratio of approx    4 to 1 (length to width).

Cutting Plane Line must contain offsets.  These are  “outside corners”

for  dress-up and    clarity  (ask for example).

Text Size, will be .18 in height. Section ID letters will be .38 in height

Dowels:  Use .12 increments on the dia.  Lengths must be standard.  NO blind dowel

holes.  On rare occasions relieved dowels can be used.  Effective length on dowel is 2 times
the dia engagement per steel.

Underline all lettering except lettering inside the StockList

Inserts: Symmetrical inserts must be fool proofed.

    Radius machined pockets for proper standard size cutter

    Chamfer Steels to fit machined pockets s.

Steel size selection and specification. Mold Cavity tool steels will be H-13 and/or P-20.  Sizes must be
orderable if possible.  Small-medium-largest, will be the order sizes of specification in the stock
list.  Example: 1.000 x 2.000 3.12.  Furthermore, add a .12  inch more than your designed size for
stock cutoff to the largest size.  The sizes will have 3-place X 3-place X 2-place decimals in the stock
list (see example). All carbon steels will be specified as C-1018, C-11L17, C-1045, or C-1060, DO NOT
use CRS, CFS

Dowel and fastener centers can be no closer that 1.5 Dia from the edge of the steel.  Two
times Dia is recommended if possible and it looks good.  Use the same size dowel and fastener per
steel if possible.  Relieve hole if the depth of exceeds 4 times Dia.

BOM
Stock list examples: 

  5 8 STD .250 DIA X 1.50  DWL  

  4 10 STD .375-16 X 2.00  SHCS  
ALTER*EX-9M-6 3 2 PUR DME EJECTOR PIN 1
  2 1 H 13 1.000 X 2.000 X 3.12  
* 1 1 PUR DME MOLDBASE   (SEE NOTE)  1
  DET REQ MAT’L  SIZE/DESC SHT NO.
  Note: Be sure to study the exact ordering specification required by catalog vendor to ensure that
the stocklist contains all the information needed for the purchasing agent to place the order.

 Moldbase is always Detail # 1

 Note: For all Standard parts: The Company is stated with the item name (should be the same as
the index name), and the order # is to the left of the Detail # [See #3 above].

Notice: for detail number 3 (a standard purchased item) that the company name is INSIDE

the size/description along with the catalog name of the item, and  order number is
t           o the left of the detail number.

For each catalog vendor, place an * for the first, and ** for the second etc.  In the upper right
hand portion of the design add the following:

            ITEMS MAY BE PURCHASED FROM:

*(name and address of vendor one)

**  (name and address of vendor two)

Note:

Standard in our shop will be:

ALL fasteners (SHCS, and Stripper Bolts) washers, and nuts.

When ordering Steels, place the material type is the Material Column

Use NO Fractions in the B-O-M

Steels. used in the design  must be orderable!  (size Stated in B-O-M must be from a steel catalog
[Peerless], Design to size when ever possible.  The B-O-M  will be stated in order: Smallest Size first,
Cut-off dimension last
Balloons, Will be placed in a logical order. Balloon Dia is .43 with .18 number
height..

Leaders will have a gradual curve, and point into the detail at the edge of the detail (not on).  A
period on the detail may be used with permission.

Out of Position
If details are shown out of position it must be noted on the leader line, and or on the detail
itself.

View Labeling
Label.  ‘Plan View of Cavity(ies)’ and ‘Plan View of Core(s)’ above (or below) each
respective view.  
Label ‘CL of MOLD’ on CL of mold both directions both ends both views. 
Label ‘Offset’ for both return pin (if used) and guide pin and bushing

Tool Steel Cross Hatching, is two lines double gap. DO not hatch too close!  Use a
wide spaced hatch pattern for support pillars, code pattern for return pins is upper right
lower left, ejector pins upper left lower right.

Centre Lines
Place centerlines on ALL appropriate features, this is required!.

Shadding
Red Shading for Part, Runner, Gate, and Sprue, is required in the Section view only. 
Edges of steels need to be black.

Text Height
Text:

All Fonts Except Section ID and Plan View Labels, on layout shall be:

Romans with an Oblique setting of  15

Notes Text Height is .18

 Bill of Materials and Title block (ddedit but, be sure to change the font)

            Sectioning (See Sectioning/Hatchine)