SEWAGE

07/05/2018

WATER
The following work aims to identify the problem and
consequences of wastewater, through studies and historical
data such as forums, likewise we will disclose the different
types of discharges, which is pollution and the way in which
activities influence and what are the environmental laws that
apply in our countries regarding the subject.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

introduction...............................................................................................................3
objectives................................................................................................................4
RESEARCH PROBLEM................................................................................................5

the causes..............................................................................................................6
legal framework......................................................................................................7
contaminated water bodies in the city of cartagena...............................................8
indirect..................................................................................................................10
conclusion.............................................................................................................11
bibliografias..........................................................................................................12

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 INTRODUCTION

The following work aims to identify the problem and consequences of wastewater,
through studies and historical data such as forums, likewise we will disclose the
different types of discharges, which is pollution and the way in which activities
influence and what are the environmental laws that apply in our countries regarding
the subject.

Ilustración 1

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 OBJECTIVES

GENERALOBJECTIVE

Analyze the problem and causes of pollution to water bodies and the main
institutions that guide the public environmental management of water in Cartagena
and its evolution, with the aim of proposing conclusions and recommendations to
reduce pollution to water sources.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

1. Determine the causes of pollution of bodies of water that are externalized by the
productive processes that depend on industrial activity.

2. Evaluate the current status and possible solutions for the problems that water
resources have today.

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 RESEARCH PROBLEM.

Pollution of bodies of water by domestic waste, pollution is caused by the waste

discharged, fertilizers, pesticides or chemicals that flow into the water. The
handling and disposal of household waste are critical problems in urban areas of
Latin America. In Colombia, in general, the final destination of this waste is its
disposal in landfills. Although the landfill that exist today have a diversity of
operational problems.

Water pollution is generated by different types of landfill : process water, sewage

and white water. The first is a landfill an of the production process, with which its
pollutant load will depend on industrial activity. The second is generated in the
toilets and similar to domestic wastewater. And the last, they are usually called
"raw waters" due to their nature prior to purification. Its importance is that they are
the basis of water production for massive human consumption. Inadequately
managed or inadequately managed water and sanitation services expose the
population to preventable risks to their health: diseases such as cholera, diarrhea,
dysentery, hepatitis A, typhoid fever and poliomyelitis.

The pipes and lakes of Cartagena, its current status and possible solutions to the
problems these face were addressed in the forum on the State of Water Resources
of the city. The issue was addressed from different perspectives: biological, socio-
environmental, of monitoring, among others, in order to clarify how our bodies of
water are and what studies have been carried out to propose solutions to the
problems exposed

Ilustración 1 Ilustración 2

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 THE CAUSES

The causes of this problem are many and the most important is the lack of
awareness and education that the community has. It begins in part by the deposit
of garbage, the felling, the mistreatment and the discharge of sewage, productive
processes, domestic residuals, waste discharges, fertilizers, pesticides or
chemicals that flow into the waters.

Ilustración 3

LEGAL FRAMEWORK

Ilustración 3

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Ilustración 5
The Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development presented the Standard
for Specific Discharges to Surface Water Bodies and Public Sewage Systems,
which aims to improve water quality.

I. LAWS

The new norm of vertimientos that updates the decree 1594 of 1984 article 28 of
the Decree 3930 of 2010.

The Code of Natural Resources - Decree-Law 2811 of 1974.

II. DECREE

Decree 1729 of 2002.

Decree 063 of 2006 of the mayor of Cartagena adopts the macro project marsh
district park of the virgin.

III. RESOLUTIONS

Resolution No. 0947 of December 09 of 2003, "by which the basin of La Ciénaga
de La Virgen is declared in ordination".

Resolution 026 of November 5 of 2015 of EPA.

Resolution 509 of 2013.

IV. POLICIES

National policy for the integral management of water resources (pngirh).

Bad quality of water bodies of Cartagena because of pollution

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 Abstract

Stakeholder

Pollution in water bodies of Cartagena has a great impact on our community,

affecting not only the quality of life of neighboring populations, also affecting the
environment where it is located, because all those bodies water are connected and
empties in the sea. This risk could cause future problems with international
regulatory entities because of great impact of environment. The pollution also bring
another issues for example avoid the implementation of a new transportation
source within the city. In the economic part from there are exist opportunities to
create and growth companies dedicated to renovate and monitoring of those
bodies waters.

The chart below described who are direct and indirect stakeholders.

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DIRECT STAKEHOLDERS

In the previous chart, we could identified on the left side the neighborhoods or
localities that are most affected because of pollution of the water bodies, spoil the
quality of life and spreading diseases due to bacterial proliferation

In the middle of chart we could identified the national and international entities that
intervene or regulate the index of pollution allowed according to the countries. We
also appreciate that we have the presence of the Ministry of the Environment and
the regional government entities that are commissioned to finance the sanitation
activities.

On the right side we are identified the companies that could support and carry out
all about cleaning, renovation and monitoring activities to fulfill the project, rising
their economic activities

INDIRECT

Through the implementation of the project of renovation of these water bodies, they
could become potential routes of fluvial transport that would represent a new
alternative for transport logistic system of the city, increasing the productivity and
decongest another transport systems.

The localities near these water bodies could present indirect economic benefits,
because return to use as transport route could present new job opportunities and
encourage the creation of ecological tourism projects around.

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PROBLEM ANALYSIS (PROBLEM TREE)

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GOAL DIAGRAM

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 STRATEGY SELECTION

Key critria Reduce pullution by industrial waste Reduce agricultural pullution Reduce organic material

Strategy High 1 high 1 high 1

Social/distributional High 1 high 1 high 1

Financial Low 0 low 0 high 1

Economic Low 0 high 1 high 1

Intitutional High 1 high 1 high 1

Technical low 0 high 1 high 1

Enviromental High 1 high 1 high 1

SUM 4 6 7

The strategy of reducing industrial waste pollution will be left out because it does
not carry much investment return since there are decrees that must force
companies to make water treatments before being discharged to bodies of water.
As far as finances and economy are concerned, strategies 2 and 3 are more
profitable.

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 MATRIX OF LOGFRAME
# STATEMENT IN OBJETIVE TREE STEPS # LOGFRAME OBJETIVE HIERACHY COLUMN
Diseases by waterborne is
1 1
reduced. Contributed to reduce the contamination
of water bodies in the city of Cartagena
Overal
and increase the concentration of oxygen
Objective
2 2 to improve water quality, avoiding
Concetration oxygen is diseases
increased.
Reduced pollution of water bodies in
High level of pollution of cartagena because a bad used of aquedut
1 Purpose 1 1 periodic cleanings to the aqueduct
water bodies of cartagena. system and industrial waste Improving
the quality of those water bodies.
1 1 Reduced organic material.
Organic material is reduce.
Results
2 2
Agricultural pollution is reduce. Reduced agricultural pollution.
3 Pollution by industrial waste is 3 Reduced pollution by industral waste.
reduce.
Implement an aquedut system of
Waste water treatment meets
1 1 domestic treatments to assure the
enviroment standards.
minimal standards to underground pipes.
Use another type of products for
Used less pesticides and
2 2 agricultural fields that are organic or
chemical products.
affect less to the enviroment.
Activities
Reduce pollution subtances as copper,
silver, and lead through specialized
3 Metal subtances is reduce. 3 treatment methods to be avaible the
water before to spill out into the water
bodies.
# ASSUMPTIONS
Determinated which are the
diseases caused by pollution of
1
bodies o water
2 Determinated if there are methods
and ways to increase the oxygen of
bodies water
Determine inspection plans and
of the population and industries
Identify which are the methods
necessary to reduce the solids
1
allowed to index of quality of bodies
water
Identify which are the products that
2
could replace the use of pesticides
Identify what did the consequence
3 of enviromental impact by dumping
industrial waste.
Determinate and implement the
1 minimun requeriment allowed by
the law for undergroundpipe
Determinate if there are enough
2 products to supply the farming fields
country
Identify which are the legal
requeriment that help to encourage
control in dumping of industries and
3
allow to enviromental fine
companies that didn't carry out the
law.
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 CONCLUSION

You can conclude the importance of the impact or consequences of wastewater

and because it is necessary to know the impacts that are generated, how can
control the variables that can directly affect and what are the legal requirements
that must be met for the protection of the environment environment in Colombia

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 BIBLIOGRAFIAS

Tabla 1Y
Ilustración 1 https://es.pngtree.com/freepng/drinking-water-
discharge_3148568.html .........................................................................................3
Ilustración 2 http://www.dinotec.com/portfolio/planta-de-tratamiento-de-aguas-
residuales-industriales-13/ ........................................................................................5
Ilustración 3 http://www.eltelegrafo.com.ec/noticias/sociedad/4/el-80-de-las-aguas-
residuales-de-todo-el-mundo-se-liberan-en-el-medio-ambiente-sin-tratamiento......5
Ilustración 4................................................................................................................6
Ilustración 5 https://tratamientodeagua.co/aguas-residuales/aguas-residuales/ .....6
Ilustración 6 https://es.123rf.com/photo_26961058_causa-efecto-de-orientaci
%C3%B3n-significado-acci%C3%B3n-consecuencia-o-reacci%C3%B3n.html ......6
...................................................................................................................................8
1. Cámara de comercio de Cartagena, Cartagena en cifras diciembre de
2007 - Serie No. 12 [articulo
de Internet].
http://www.cccartagena.org.co/economica/cartagena_en_cifras_diciembre_
2007.
pdf. [ consulta: 01 agosto de 2008 ].
2.  Colombia. Ministerios de Ambiente, Vivienda y Desarrollo Territorial
(MAVDT), Corporación Autónoma Regional de Canal de Dique
(CARDIQUE) y CONSERVACIÓN INTERNACIONAL COLOMBIA, “ Plan de
ordenamiento y manejo de la cuenca hidrográfica de La Ciénaga de la
Virgen (Bolívar-COLOMBIA)”, [documento de trabajo], Cartagena de
indias,2005, p. 72.
3.  Colombia, Ministerio De Trasporte y HASKONING,” Bocana de marea en
la Ciénaga de la virgen.
Anexo B”. [documento de trabajo], Cartagena de indias, 2001, p. 1.

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4.  Colombia. Ministerios de Ambiente, Vivienda y Desarrollo (MAVDT),
Corporación Autónoma Regional de Canal de Dique (CARDIQUE),
“Aprendamos del ambiente con CARDIQUE”, Cartagenade indias, 2005

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