PERANCANGAN SISTEM KERJA DAN ERGONOMI (IEI2H3)

WORK PHYSIOLOGY (part 1)

IEI2H3

Prepared by:
Team teaching (DCO, YGN, IKP, ATU, MUF, YFN)

Prodi S1 Teknik Industri

Fakultas Rekayasa Industri
Universitas Telkom
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 Why Occupational Physiology?
1. Excessive physiological demands
Increased risk Chronic
Fatigue
of symptoms problems

https://maismaismedicina.wordpress.com thebillionairegirl.wordpress.com

(e.g., pain, More prone to

Prone to other Lower Reduced
heart attack, errors and
illnesses productivity motivation
etc.) injuries

2. Work/workplace redesign
https://martela.com/workplace-guide

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Aerobic vs. Anaerobic Metabolism
AEROBIC ANAEROBIC
Use of O2, efficient, high No O2, inefficient, low capacity
capacity
Used during added demands
Used during normal work
levels
Results in substantial lactic acid (pain,
cramps, tremors)

Causes oxygen debt

D < C (energy demands < energy generation capacity)

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 Two Contributing Systems
Circulatory Respiratory

Delivers oxygen and

nutrients
Exchange
oxygen and
Removes carbon carbon dioxide
dioxide and waste
products
https://www.inogen.com
VectorStock

Ensure adequate amount of nutrients and

Purpose oxygen continuously supplied to muscle cells http://www.cellnutrition.ie/

4
 Energy Generation

Needed for muscular work

Energy
Waste removal Continuity
production

foodandwine.com
Integra Network Services
VectorStock

5
 Energy Generation
Human metabolism

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 Energy Generation
Energy

At mitochondria  convert
Sources: Carriers: Nutrients
ADP to ATP

1. Absorbed in small
food and intestines into
drink carbohydrates, lymph
fats, proteins
ATP = energy for
muscular work
2. Assimilated/stored
as glycogen or fat

Source: Eat For Health

Source: Livestrong.com
3. Used immediately

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Energy Generation

Measuring
Unit
iStock

•Measuring (1 cal = 4.186 J)

unit: Joules,
calories • Calorie: Energy
content of
foodstuff
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 Energy Generation
ATP
Aerobic is the way your body creates energy
metabolism (a few through the combustion of
carbohydrates, amino acids, and fats
Derived from min delay)
in the presence of oxygen.
nutrient
metabolism Anaerobic the creation of energy through the
metabolism (rapid combustion of carbohydrates in the
ATP production) absence of oxygen.

Source : HomeCare Magazine

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 Energy Generation
Energy content of nutrients
Digestion (kcal/g)

Carbohydrates
Source: Alata Foods
Carbohydrate: 4.2

Proteins Nutrient
extraction Protein: 4.5
Source: Dhaka Tribune

3 – 5hrs in
small intestine
Fat Fat: 9.5
Source: Cook's Thesaurus

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 Energy Generation-Carbohydrates

1. To break into
smaller molecules
Most composed of (Glucose)
carbon, H, Digestion
and O
2. Absorbed into
the bloodstream

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 Energy Generation-Protein
Purpose
Amino acids
Energy source
joined by
peptide bonds
Rebuild dead cells
(new proteins)
Large variety of
types and sizes As enzymes (catalyst
Breaking into controlling chemical
reactions)
amino acids
Digestion Hemoglobin
Amino acids
absorbed into
the bloodstream Hormones, etc.

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 Energy Generation-Fat
Glycerol
transported by
breaking bloodstream
Also called
Digestion – glycerol from
triglyceride Fatty acid
fatty-acid
transported by
lymph vessels

More Plant
Unsaturated
liquid fats
Source: Eye News

More Animal
Saturated
solid fats
Source: Health In Hand

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 Work and Physiological Changes
Rest =
65-80;
Increased
HR = Mod = Cardiac
Heart Rate Output
beats/min 120-150;
Max =
170-220
CO =
Rest = HR x SV
0.05-0.08L;

Stroke SV = Mod = 0.08- Rest = 4- Mod = Max =

Volume L/beat 0.12L; 6 12-16 25-30
Max = L/min L/min L/min
0.1-0.15L

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Performance
(Astrand, 2003)

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