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Atomic Structure and Particle Details

Atoms are the smallest particles of an element, consisting of a nucleus and an electron cloud, and are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Each atom is electrically neutral, having an equal number of protons and electrons, and the periodic table helps determine atomic structure, including atomic number and mass. The document also outlines how to create atomic structure diagrams and bonding structures for elements.

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60 views6 pages

Atomic Structure and Particle Details

Atoms are the smallest particles of an element, consisting of a nucleus and an electron cloud, and are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Each atom is electrically neutral, having an equal number of protons and electrons, and the periodic table helps determine atomic structure, including atomic number and mass. The document also outlines how to create atomic structure diagrams and bonding structures for elements.

Uploaded by

patmos666
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Atomic Structure Notes

Atoms:
- Smallest particle of an element that
has all the properties of that element.
- -Atoms are the basic building blocks
of matter that make up everyday
objects.
-2 main parts of an atom:
Nucleus-99.9% of the atom’s mass
Electron cloud or energy rings
-Atoms are made of subatomic particles:
protons, neutrons, & electrons
Atoms are composed of three primary particles:
protons, neutrons, and electrons
Relative How do you
Electrical
Particle Symbol Location Mass find out
Charge
(amu) how many?

Electron

Proton

Neutron
Atoms are composed of three primary particles:
protons, neutrons, and electrons
Relative How do you
Electrical
Particle Symbol Location Mass find out
Charge
(amu) how many?
Atoms are
Orbits neutral and
nucleus in -1 1/1840 therefore
e- have the
Electron energy (negative)
levels same # of
electrons as
protons
Atomic # (#
of protons
Inside +1 in an atom’s
Proton P+ 1 nucleus),
Nucleus (positive)
Element
specific
0 Mass #
Neutron no Inside (no charge/ 1 minus
Nucleus neutral) atomic #
Electron Energy Levels
There is a unique number of
electrons that can fit in each
electron level.
Energy Level How many electrons it holds up to
1 2
2 8
3 18
Determining Atomic Structure Using the Periodic Table

Chemical Symbol
Element Name
B Atomic Number
5 Atomic Mass #: The
Boron weighted average mass of all the
isotopes (different versions) of an
atom of a specific element;
10.81 measured in atomic mass units,
amu.

Mass #: Atomic Mass Number


rounded to the nearest whole number.
ATOMIC STRUCTURE DIAGRAMS
5 P=5
N=6
Step 1: Complete the squares for
each element by adding the atomic
B E=5
number, name and atomic mass. Boron
- Write the atomic number at the top of
the square. 10.81
- Write the element’s name under the
symbol.
- Write the atomic mass at the bottom of
the square. Atomic Structure:

Step 2: Determine the number of


protons, neutrons, and electrons in
each element. 5 P+
6 no
Step 3: Create an atomic structure
diagram for each element.

Step 4: Draw the Bonding Structure


for each element.
Bonding Structure: B

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