Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

The education that a child getting from school gives the individual a knowledge of the
world around us. Hardest part in life can be implied by being a student. To be able to step on
achieving every goals and dreams of an individual, they have to strive hard to face every
aspects of studying and learning that they getting from school. But sometimes, a student have
the negative qualities of being stubborn and indolent in matters of school works. They skip
school and sometimes, didn’t attend at it in some instances that can be called absenteeism.

Absence nowadays is applied in the nature of the student. According to the (Marburger,
2001) states the difficulty denote the effect of absenteeism on the student performance
because, once the student is absent in class, it miss the time and opportunity of learning in the
classroom.

Student absenteeism is explained by (Teasley, 2004) that every time a student does not
attend school, it becoming a major and continuous problem. Absenteeism is indeed have a
complex nature due to the consequences of high level school absenteeism can be detrimental
for students.

WHAT IS ABSENTEEISM?

Absenteeism became a habitual standard of absence from obligation without any good
reason. A truant behaviour grounded on physical, psychological and social reasons, that
negatively affects the performance among students and is viewed to a directive reason of the
individual’s lack of interest in school and its deficit self-moral to put itself into its priorities as a
student. Evidence indicates that absence is mainly regard as “mildly deviant workplace
behaviour” in which people tend to hold negative stereotypes of absentees. Negative
presumption about absence then bring the factors of the possible outcomes. A continual
interruption of attendance and can be simply defined as a failure to appear implied the idea.
 Chronic Absenteeism have bigger role in our education outcomes than is commonly
perceived. It is to measure of how many students miss a set number of school days (around 15
or more days) for a certain matter. It shows how absenteeism associated with negative
consequences for the students, including lower achievement and increased risk of dropping
out. It is usually associated with poor relationships with others in class.

Some reason or causes of absenteeism are the direct and indirect relationship between
student and school absenteeism, which reflect the personal factors, attitude towards teacher
and school, academic self-perception, goal valuation and motivation family factors.

What is the cause of Absenteeism?

According to (Ubogu, 2004), illness, financial difficulties weak school management and
social rank can cause absenteeism. It shows that absenteeism have factors and causes.

Factors of Absenteeism

1. Phobic Adolescence: The stage of a growing teen where in there is a lot of fear
developed as a result of physical changes of the body. For example is growth of pimples
and uncontrollable emotions that resulted of the teen having a low self-esteem to go to
school
2. Lack of Interest: Students could have a lack of interest in studying, which could be as a
result of them being indolent in paying attention in school matters that pushing them
away from school.
3. Teacher approach: It is possible that the approach used by the teachers may not be
understood by the student and this could lead them to lose interest.
4. Private Couching: Flexible private couching encouraged by some parents could drive a
number of students away from the conventional school timetable.
5. Pamperness from the Family: Spoiled children are a common cause. Students with
excessive amount of money from their parents are most likely to absent themselves
from their school to give time to their selves to spend money for their liberty.
6. Diseases or Illness: A major cause of the subject. Some children unfortunate in terms
of health. Diseases like asthma and heart issues requires attention and care as well.
7. School Infrastructural Facilities: Lack of school equipment’s like sport facilities,
libraries and labs is a hindrance to attendance to of school among students.
8. Entertainment: Accessibility of entertainment facilities like malls and cinemas could
divert attention of some students from school.
9. Bullying: Student tend to be sensitive especially when it comes to the people around
them. But most student avoid going to school when they’re being harassed and being
bullied.
10. Depression: It affects the mindful structure of a person due to depression that can lead
to substance abuse if people turn to drugs or alcohol to self-medicate their pain or
anxiety.
11. Financial Difficulties: Financial problem is also the cause and have to work for
themselves or to support their family.