Water is essential to life.

This technique is very useful when you are hunting to

survive. People can live up to a week without food, but only two to three days
without water. Clean water can be hard to find if you get stranded in the wild or if
there is an emergency. If you have to find your own water supply, you must be
able to strain out impurities that can make you sick.
Improvise filtration for small communities has a wide range of operational and
source water quality conditions, with little process adjustment. It has also less
maintenance in terms of cleaning which energy costs are minimal without the use
of pumping and other specialized equipment which can be constructed with
environmental materials or equipment, mainly from sand, gravel and charcoal.
Municipal water systems are facing challenges in operating, maintaining and
renewing the pipes and facilities that treat our water and move it from place to
place. There are many water ionizers in each place but then the problem is some
small communities can’t afford it.
How does the gravel, sand, and charcoal filter work?
Each time the water passes through a different layer, it becomes cleaner. First,
the gravel layer catches large pieces of debris, such as twigs, leaves, and bugs.
Next, the sand layer catches smaller particles, such as dirt and grit, and makes the
water look clean. Finally, the charcoal layer gets rid of bacteria and some
chemicals.

Activated charcoal is charcoal that has been treated with oxygen to open up

millions of tiny pores between the carbon atoms. According to Encylopedia
Britannica: he word adsorb is important here. When a material adsorbs
something, it attaches to it by chemical attraction. The huge surface area of
activated charcoal gives it countless bonding sites. When certain chemicals pass
next to the carbon surface, they attach to the surface and are trapped.
Activated charcoal is good at trapping other carbon-based impurities ("organic"
chemicals), as well as things like chlorine. Many other chemicals are not
attracted to carbon at all -- sodium, nitrates, etc. -- so they pass right through.
This means that an activated charcoal filter will remove certain impurities while
ignoring others. It also means that, once all of the bonding sites are filled, an
activated charcoal filter stops working. At that point you must replace the filter.