"considerationd i oiwhend i oithed i oicharged i oiind i oiad i oicriminald i

oiCourtd i oiconsistsd i oiofd i oicriminald i oinegligence.

Whered i oinegligenced i oiisd i oiand i oiessentiald i oiingredientd i oiofd i
oithed i oioffence,d i oithed i oinegligenced i oitod i oibe
establishedd i oibyd i oithed i oiprosecutiond i oimustd i oibed i oiculpabled i
oiord i oigrossd i oiandd i oinotd i oithed i oinegligence
merelyd i oibasedd i oiupond i oiand i oierrord i oiofd i oijudgment.
[sd i oi304A.9.1]d i oiBolamd i oiTest.—
Thed i oitestd i oiford i oideterminingd i oimedicald i oinegligenced i oiasd i
oilaidd i oidownd i oiind i oiBolamd i oivd i oiFriernd i oiHospital
Managementd i oiCommittee,

432.d i oiholdsd i oigoodd i oiind i oiitsd i oiapplicabilityd i oiind i oiIndia.

433.d i oiInd i oithed i oiBolam

case,d i oiitd i oiwasd i oiheldd i oithat:

Whered i oiyoud i oigetd i oiad i oisituationd i oiwhichd i oiinvolvesd i oithed i
oiused i oiofd i oisomed i oispeciald i oiskilld i oiord i oicompetence,d i oithen
thed i oitestd i oiasd i oitod i oiwhetherd i oithered i oihasd i oibeend i
oinegligenced i oiord i oinotd i oiisd i oinotd i oithed i oitestd i oiofd i oithed
i oimand i oiond i oithed i oitop
ofd i oiad i oiClaphamd i oiomnibus,d i oibecaused i oihed i oihasd i oinotd i
oigotd i oithisd i oispeciald i oiskill.d i oiThed i oitestd i oiisd i oithed i
oistandardd i oiof
thed i oiordinaryd i oiskilledd i oimand i oiexercisingd i oiandd i oiprofessingd i
oitod i oihaved i oithatd i oispeciald i oiskill...d i oiAd i oimand i oineed
notd i oipossessd i oithed i oihighestd i oiexpertd i oiskill;d i oiitd i oiisd i
oiwelld i oiestablishedd i oilawd i oithatd i oiitd i oiisd i oisufficientd i oiifd
i oihe
exercisesd i oithed i oiordinaryd i oiskilld i oiofd i oiand i oiordinaryd i
oicompetentd i oimand i oiexercisingd i oithatd i oiparticulard i oiart.
Ind i oimanyd i oicases,d i oithed i oiSupremed i oiCourtd i oiapprovedd i oiandd i
oiappliedd i oithisd i oitestd i oiford i oideterminingd i oithe
negligence.d i oiInd i oiJacobd i oiMathewd i oivd i oiStated i oiofd i oiPunjab,

434.d i oithed i oiSupremed i oiCourtd i oiobserved:

Thed i oiwaterd i oiofd i oiBolamd i oitestd i oihasd i oieverd i oisinced i
oiflownd i oiandd i oipassedd i oiunderd i oiseverald i oibridges,d i oihaving
beend i oicitedd i oiandd i oidealtd i oiwithd i oiind i oiseverald i oijudiciald i
oipronouncements,d i oioned i oiafterd i oithed i oiotherd i oiandd i oihas

continuedd i oitod i oibed i oiwelld i oireceivedd i oibyd i oieveryd i oishored i

oiitd i oihasd i oitouchedd i oiasd i oineat,d i oicleand i oiandd i oiwell-
condensedd i oione.

Whend i oiad i oipatientd i oiagreesd i oitod i oigod i oiford i oimedicald i

oitreatmentd i oiord i oisurgicald i oioperation,d i oieveryd i oicareless
actd i oiofd i oithed i oimedicald i oimand i oicannotd i oibed i oitermedd i oiasd
i oi'criminal.'d i oiItd i oicand i oibed i oitermedd i oi'criminal'd i oionly
whend i oithed i oimedicald i oimand i oiexhibitsd i oiad i oigrossd i oilackd i
oiofd i oicompetenced i oiord i oiinactiond i oiandd i oiwanton
indifferenced i oitod i oihisd i oipatient'sd i oisafetyd i oiandd i oiwhichd i
oiisd i oifoundd i oitod i oihaved i oiarisend i oifromd i oigross
ignoranced i oiord i oigrossd i oinegligence.d i oiWhered i oiad i oipatient'sd i
oideathd i oiresultsd i oimerelyd i oifromd i oierrord i oiof
judgmentd i oiord i oiand i oiaccident,d i oinod i oicriminald i oiliabilityd i
oishouldd i oibed i oiattachedd i oitod i oiit.d i oiMere
inadvertenced i oiord i oisomed i oidegreed i oiofd i oiwantd i oiofd i oiadequated
i oicared i oiandd i oicautiond i oimightd i oicreated i oicivil
liabilityd i oibutd i oiwouldd i oinotd i oisufficed i oitod i oiholdd i oihimd i
oicriminallyd i oiliable.

435.d i oiNegligenced i oicannotd i oibe

attributedd i oitod i oiad i oidoctord i oisod i oilongd i oiasd i oihed i
oiperformsd i oihisd i oidutiesd i oiwithd i oireasonabled i oiskilld i oiand
competence.d i oiMerelyd i oibecaused i oithed i oidoctord i oichoosesd i oioned i
oicoursed i oiofd i oiactiond i oiind i oipreferenced i oito
thed i oiotherd i oioned i oiavailable,d i oihed i oiwouldd i oinotd i oibed i
oiliabled i oiifd i oithed i oicoursed i oiofd i oiactiond i oichosend i oibyd i
oihim
wasd i oiacceptabled i oitod i oithed i oimedicald i oiprofession.

436.d i oiInd i oiSureshd i oiGuptad i oi(Dr)d i oivd i oiGovtd i oiofd i oiNCTd i

oiof

Delhi,
437.d i oithed i oiApexd i oiCourtd i oiheldd i oithatd i oiwhered i oithed i
oimedicald i oipractitionerd i oifailedd i oitod i oitake
appropriated i oisteps,d i oiviz.,d i oi"notd i oiputtingd i oiad i oicuffedd i
oiendotracheald i oitubed i oiofd i oiproperd i oisize"d i oisod i oiasd i oito
preventd i oiaspirationd i oiofd i oibloodd i oiblockingd i oirespiratoryd i
oipassage,d i oithed i oiactd i oiattributedd i oitod i oihimd i oimay
bed i oidescribedd i oiasd i oinegligentd i oiactd i oibutd i oinotd i oisod i
oirecklessd i oiasd i oitod i oimaked i oihimd i oicriminallyd i oiliable.
[sd i oi304A.10]d i oiDutyd i oiofd i oithed i oiInvestigatingd i oiOfficer.—
Ad i oidoctord i oiaccusedd i oiofd i oirashnessd i oiord i oinegligenced i oimayd
i oinotd i oibed i oiarrestedd i oiind i oiad i oiroutined i oimanner
(simplyd i oibecaused i oiad i oicharged i oihasd i oibeend i oilevelledd i
oiagainstd i oihim).d i oiUnlessd i oihisd i oiarrestd i oiis
necessaryd i oiford i oifurtheringd i oithed i oiinvestigationd i oiord i oiford i
oicollectingd i oievidenced i oiord i oiunlessd i oithe
investigatingd i oiofficerd i oifeelsd i oisatisfiedd i oithatd i oithed i
oidoctord i oiproceededd i oiagainstd i oiwouldd i oinotd i oimake
himselfd i oiavailabled i oitod i oifaced i oithed i oiprosecutiond i oiunlessd i
oiarrested,d i oithed i oiarrestd i oimayd i oibe
withheld.
438.
[sd i oi304A.11]d i oiPrivated i oiComplaint.—"