"considerationd uoiwhend uoithed uoicharged uoiind uoiad uoicriminald uoiCourtd

uoiconsistsd uoiofd uoicriminald uoinegligence.

Whered uoinegligenced uoiisd uoiand uoiessentiald uoiingredientd uoiofd uoithed
uoioffence,d uoithed uoinegligenced uoitod uoibe
establishedd uoibyd uoithed uoiprosecutiond uoimustd uoibed uoiculpabled uoiord
uoigrossd uoiandd uoinotd uoithed uoinegligence
merelyd uoibasedd uoiupond uoiand uoierrord uoiofd uoijudgment.
[sd uoi304A.9.1]d uoiBolamd uoiTest.—
Thed uoitestd uoiford uoideterminingd uoimedicald uoinegligenced uoiasd uoilaidd
uoidownd uoiind uoiBolamd uoivd uoiFriernd uoiHospital
Managementd uoiCommittee,

432.d uoiholdsd uoigoodd uoiind uoiitsd uoiapplicabilityd uoiind uoiIndia.

433.d uoiInd uoithed uoiBolam

case,d uoiitd uoiwasd uoiheldd uoithat:

Whered uoiyoud uoigetd uoiad uoisituationd uoiwhichd uoiinvolvesd uoithed uoiused
uoiofd uoisomed uoispeciald uoiskilld uoiord uoicompetence,d uoithen
thed uoitestd uoiasd uoitod uoiwhetherd uoithered uoihasd uoibeend uoinegligenced
uoiord uoinotd uoiisd uoinotd uoithed uoitestd uoiofd uoithed uoimand uoiond
uoithed uoitop
ofd uoiad uoiClaphamd uoiomnibus,d uoibecaused uoihed uoihasd uoinotd uoigotd
uoithisd uoispeciald uoiskill.d uoiThed uoitestd uoiisd uoithed uoistandardd uoiof
thed uoiordinaryd uoiskilledd uoimand uoiexercisingd uoiandd uoiprofessingd uoitod
uoihaved uoithatd uoispeciald uoiskill...d uoiAd uoimand uoineed
notd uoipossessd uoithed uoihighestd uoiexpertd uoiskill;d uoiitd uoiisd uoiwelld
uoiestablishedd uoilawd uoithatd uoiitd uoiisd uoisufficientd uoiifd uoihe
exercisesd uoithed uoiordinaryd uoiskilld uoiofd uoiand uoiordinaryd uoicompetentd
uoimand uoiexercisingd uoithatd uoiparticulard uoiart.
Ind uoimanyd uoicases,d uoithed uoiSupremed uoiCourtd uoiapprovedd uoiandd
uoiappliedd uoithisd uoitestd uoiford uoideterminingd uoithe
negligence.d uoiInd uoiJacobd uoiMathewd uoivd uoiStated uoiofd uoiPunjab,

434.d uoithed uoiSupremed uoiCourtd uoiobserved:

Thed uoiwaterd uoiofd uoiBolamd uoitestd uoihasd uoieverd uoisinced uoiflownd
uoiandd uoipassedd uoiunderd uoiseverald uoibridges,d uoihaving
beend uoicitedd uoiandd uoidealtd uoiwithd uoiind uoiseverald uoijudiciald
uoipronouncements,d uoioned uoiafterd uoithed uoiotherd uoiandd uoihas

continuedd uoitod uoibed uoiwelld uoireceivedd uoibyd uoieveryd uoishored uoiitd

uoihasd uoitouchedd uoiasd uoineat,d uoicleand uoiandd uoiwell-
condensedd uoione.

Whend uoiad uoipatientd uoiagreesd uoitod uoigod uoiford uoimedicald uoitreatmentd

uoiord uoisurgicald uoioperation,d uoieveryd uoicareless
actd uoiofd uoithed uoimedicald uoimand uoicannotd uoibed uoitermedd uoiasd
uoi'criminal.'d uoiItd uoicand uoibed uoitermedd uoi'criminal'd uoionly
whend uoithed uoimedicald uoimand uoiexhibitsd uoiad uoigrossd uoilackd uoiofd
uoicompetenced uoiord uoiinactiond uoiandd uoiwanton
indifferenced uoitod uoihisd uoipatient'sd uoisafetyd uoiandd uoiwhichd uoiisd
uoifoundd uoitod uoihaved uoiarisend uoifromd uoigross
ignoranced uoiord uoigrossd uoinegligence.d uoiWhered uoiad uoipatient'sd uoideathd
uoiresultsd uoimerelyd uoifromd uoierrord uoiof
judgmentd uoiord uoiand uoiaccident,d uoinod uoicriminald uoiliabilityd uoishouldd
uoibed uoiattachedd uoitod uoiit.d uoiMere
inadvertenced uoiord uoisomed uoidegreed uoiofd uoiwantd uoiofd uoiadequated
uoicared uoiandd uoicautiond uoimightd uoicreated uoicivil
liabilityd uoibutd uoiwouldd uoinotd uoisufficed uoitod uoiholdd uoihimd
uoicriminallyd uoiliable.

435.d uoiNegligenced uoicannotd uoibe

attributedd uoitod uoiad uoidoctord uoisod uoilongd uoiasd uoihed uoiperformsd
uoihisd uoidutiesd uoiwithd uoireasonabled uoiskilld uoiand
competence.d uoiMerelyd uoibecaused uoithed uoidoctord uoichoosesd uoioned
uoicoursed uoiofd uoiactiond uoiind uoipreferenced uoito
thed uoiotherd uoioned uoiavailable,d uoihed uoiwouldd uoinotd uoibed uoiliabled
uoiifd uoithed uoicoursed uoiofd uoiactiond uoichosend uoibyd uoihim
wasd uoiacceptabled uoitod uoithed uoimedicald uoiprofession.

436.d uoiInd uoiSureshd uoiGuptad uoi(Dr)d uoivd uoiGovtd uoiofd uoiNCTd uoiof

Delhi,
437.d uoithed uoiApexd uoiCourtd uoiheldd uoithatd uoiwhered uoithed uoimedicald
uoipractitionerd uoifailedd uoitod uoitake
appropriated uoisteps,d uoiviz.,d uoi"notd uoiputtingd uoiad uoicuffedd
uoiendotracheald uoitubed uoiofd uoiproperd uoisize"d uoisod uoiasd uoito
preventd uoiaspirationd uoiofd uoibloodd uoiblockingd uoirespiratoryd uoipassage,d
uoithed uoiactd uoiattributedd uoitod uoihimd uoimay
bed uoidescribedd uoiasd uoinegligentd uoiactd uoibutd uoinotd uoisod uoirecklessd
uoiasd uoitod uoimaked uoihimd uoicriminallyd uoiliable.
[sd uoi304A.10]d uoiDutyd uoiofd uoithed uoiInvestigatingd uoiOfficer.—
Ad uoidoctord uoiaccusedd uoiofd uoirashnessd uoiord uoinegligenced uoimayd uoinotd
uoibed uoiarrestedd uoiind uoiad uoiroutined uoimanner
(simplyd uoibecaused uoiad uoicharged uoihasd uoibeend uoilevelledd uoiagainstd
uoihim).d uoiUnlessd uoihisd uoiarrestd uoiis
necessaryd uoiford uoifurtheringd uoithed uoiinvestigationd uoiord uoiford
uoicollectingd uoievidenced uoiord uoiunlessd uoithe
investigatingd uoiofficerd uoifeelsd uoisatisfiedd uoithatd uoithed uoidoctord
uoiproceededd uoiagainstd uoiwouldd uoinotd uoimake
himselfd uoiavailabled uoitod uoifaced uoithed uoiprosecutiond uoiunlessd
uoiarrested,d uoithed uoiarrestd uoimayd uoibe
withheld.
438.
[sd uoi304A.11]d uoiPrivated uoiComplaint.—"