Type of writing done in verse form that

Poetry uses figures of speech designed to

appeal to emotions and imagination

Poetry that expresses

Lyric Poetry thoughts and emotions of a
single speaker

Poetry that tells a story

Narrative Poetry

Form and Structure

Poem that is song-like; usually focuses

Ballad on topics such as romance, adventure,
and death; and tells a story

Sonnet 14 line lyric poem

A mourning poem; written for

Elegy
someone who has died

Lyric poem on a serious subject; usually

Ode addressed to one person or thing; often
celebrates something
 a repeated sound, word,
Refrain
phrase, line, or group of lines

Japanese 3 lined poem with 5

Haiku syllables in lines 1 and 3 and 7
syllables in line 2

Couplet two consecutive lines of poetry

that rhyme

Triplets Three lined stanza

Quatrains 4 line stanzas

poetry that doesn’t have a set

Free Verse
rhyme scheme or meter

A very long narrative poem that tells of

Epic the life and journeys of a hero

A group of consecutive lines in a

Stanza poem that forms a single unit;
like paragraphs
 Figurative Language

comparison between two unlike

Simile things, using a word such as
like, as, than, or resembles
comparison between two unlike
things that does not use a
Metaphor
connecting word

a group of words not meant to

Idiom
be taken literally

overstating something, usually

Hyperbole for the purpose of creating a
comic effect

giving human characteristics to

Personification
an object or an animal

contradictory elements (two

Oxymoron things that do not belong
together)
use of language that appeals to
Imagery the reader’s senses
 Sound Devices

repetition of consonant sounds

Alliteration in words that are close together

use of words whose sounds

Onomatopoeia imitate or suggest their
meaning
the repetition of accented vowel sounds
in a pattern (generally examined at the
Rhyme Scheme end of lines of poetry) Ex: ababcc

Words that end in similar

End rhyme
sounds at the end of lines

Internal rhyme Rhymes that occur within lines

Matching lines; the poem’s

Meter/rhythm beat; patterns of stressed and
unstressed syllables

Dialect Use of language by people from

a particular area
 Interpretation

attitude a writer takes toward

Tone his or her subject, characters,
and audience
overall feeling or
Mood atmosphere of a work of
literature

The universal truth, lesson, or

Theme
meaning in the poem

Time and place where a

Setting
selection occurs
Contrast between what is expected to
happen and what happens or using
Irony language that means the opposite of
what is typical
Something that has meaning
Symbolism and also stands for something
else
A conclusion drawn based on evidence
Inference that is provided in the text even though
it is not explicitly stated
 surrounding words and sentences that
Context Clues can help you guess the meaning of an
unknown word

meaning, association, or
Connotation emotion suggested by a word,
in addition to denotation

Denotation dictionary definition of a word

Instructions for Matching Pairs Activity:

Cut out the cards and place the terms and definitions in envelopes. You may want to
differentiate the activity by giving some students fewer cards at a time. Additionally, you
could have an accelerated group of students use blank cards and write examples of each of
the terms.