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Vector Analysis Image Method (Relative Velocity)

This document discusses vector analysis methods for determining relative velocities in mechanisms. It covers the following key points: - Relative velocity is the difference between the velocities of two objects, which can both be moving. It is important for analyzing timing in machines. - For points on a rigid body, the relative velocity vector between them must be perpendicular to the line connecting them. For mating surfaces, the relative velocity vector must be perpendicular to the common normal. - The velocity of any point on a link can be determined from the velocities of two known points, by using those points as the base of a velocity image of the link. - Examples of applications include powder processing machines, cam mechanisms, and rock crushing machines

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JhEan LoUise
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123 views23 pages

Vector Analysis Image Method (Relative Velocity)

This document discusses vector analysis methods for determining relative velocities in mechanisms. It covers the following key points: - Relative velocity is the difference between the velocities of two objects, which can both be moving. It is important for analyzing timing in machines. - For points on a rigid body, the relative velocity vector between them must be perpendicular to the line connecting them. For mating surfaces, the relative velocity vector must be perpendicular to the common normal. - The velocity of any point on a link can be determined from the velocities of two known points, by using those points as the base of a velocity image of the link. - Examples of applications include powder processing machines, cam mechanisms, and rock crushing machines

Uploaded by

JhEan LoUise
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Vector Analysis: Image Method

(Relative Velocity)
DAGDAG, Mark Joseph D.
DEVENECIA, Ian Paulo Z.
NARCISO, Jehren M.
Introduction

• Velocity analysis involves determining


“how fast” certain points on the links of a
mechanism are traveling.
• Velocity is important because it associates
the movement of a point on a mechanism
with time. Often the timing in a machine
is critical.
Introduction

Video Film
Introduction

Material Packaging
Introduction

Windshield Wipping
Simple Concepts

1. Concept of Rigid Body


- A rigid body cannot elongate or contract in any direction.

2 Points in Rigid Body can have Different Velocities


Simple Concepts

Velocity Components of the Points along the Connecting Line


should be Equal
Simple Concepts

In a rigid body relative velocity vector should be perpendicular to


line connecting them
Simple Concepts
2. No Penetration of Mating Surfaces
- Second concept is applicable to mating surfaces.

Mating point is having different velocities on different links


Simple Concepts

Relative velocity vector of mating point should be perpendicular to


common normal
Relative Velocity

• Relative velocity is a term used when the velocity of one object is


related to that of another reference object, which can also be
moving. The following notation distinguishes between absolute
and relative velocities:
Relative Velocity
• Relative motion, that is, the difference between the motion of two points, can be
written mathematically as

• Note that equations are vector equations. Therefore, in order to use the equations,
vector polygons must be prepared in accordance with the equations.
Relative Velocity
• Relative velocity between two points on a link is useful in determining
velocity characteristics of the link. Specifically, the relative velocity of any
two points on a link can be used to determine the angular velocity of
that link. Assuming that points A, B, and C lay on a link, the angular
velocity can be stated as
Image Velocity
• If this concept of velocity image is known
initially, the solution process can be reduced
considerably.
• Once the velocity of two points on a link is
determined, the velocity of any other point
that sits on the link can be readily found.
• The two points can be used as the base of the
velocity image.
• The shape of that link can be scaled and
constructed on the velocity polygon.
• Care must be taken, however, not to allow the
shape of the link to be inverted between the
kinematic diagram and the velocity polygon.
Real Life Applications

In powder processing, mounted clutch


plates inside the pin mill that runs at
high-speed in opposite direction. The
materials will impact the pin bar at
high speed and high-speed impact
occurs among the particles.
Real Life Applications

Cam mechanism driving the


Catering Truck exhaust port of an internal
combustion engine
Real Life Applications

Rock-crushing mechanism of Jaw Crusher


Sample Problem
A cargo lift mechanism for a delivery truck. At this instant, point A has a
velocity of 12 in./s in the direction shown, and point B has a velocity of
10.4 in./s, also in the direction shown. Determine the angular velocity
of the lower link and the relative velocity of point B relative to point A.
Sample Problem
Sample Problem

Solution: For Angular Velocity of the Lower Link


Sample Problem

Solution: For Linear Velocity of Point B Relative to Point A


Plate Problem
A rock-crushing mechanism is used in a
machine where large rock is placed in a
vertical hopper and falls into this crushing
chamber. Properly sized aggregate, which
passes through a sieve, is discharged at
the bottom. Rock not passing through the
sieve is reintroduced into this crushing
chamber.
• Determine the angular velocity of the
crushing ram, in the shown configuration,
as the 60-mm crank rotates at 120 rpm,
clockwise.
Plate Problem

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