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Operations Management What Is Operations
Operations Management What Is Operations
What is Operations??
The goal of Operations Management is to ensure that the input requirements and the
transformation process, in which part of the value addition takes place, to get the
required quantity of the product or services, with the targeted quality, within the
specified time period, is carried out in a most economical way.
Operations Management Plan coordinates and controls all the activities in the operation
system to achieve the stated objectives.
1) The Customer Service Objective: Provide goods or services with the right
specification, at the right cost and at the right time.
2) The Resource Utilization Objective: To achieve agreed levels of utilization of
Materials, Machines and Labour.
President and/or CEO
Product VP -
R&D Accounting Marketing Finance
Engineering Operations
VP - VP - General Industrial
Material Quality Manager Engineering
Process
Management
Supervisor Supervisor Supervisor
The emerging model in the industry is that every organization is in the service
business. This is true whether the organization makes big planes or big mac.
This means that the manufacturing operations, as well as every other part of
the organization, are also in the service business, even if the customer is an
internal one.
In Manufacturing, such services are divided into Core and Value-added Services.
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Historical Development of OM
Industrial revolution Late 1700s
Scientific management Early 1900’s
Human relations movement 1930s to 1960s
Management science Mid-1900s
Computer age 1970s
Just-in-Time Systems (JIT) 1980s
Total quality management (TQM) 1980’s
Reengineering 1990s
Flexibility 1990s
Time-Based Competition 1990s
Supply chain Management 1990’s
Global Competition 1990s
Environmental Issues 1990s
Electronic Commerce Late 1990s
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Current Issues in OM:
Corporate Mission
Distinctive
Assessment of
Business Strategy Competencies or
Business Conditions
Weaknesses
Product Service/Plans
Competitive Priorities
Production/Operations Strategy
Positioning the production system
Product/Service Plans
Outsourcing Plans
Process and Technology Plans
Strategic allocation of resources
Facility Plan, Capacity, Location and Layout
Things to consider in Strategy Formulation:
1) External Factors:
- Economic Conditions.
- Political Conditions.
- Legal Environment.
- Technology.
- Competition.
- Markets.
2) Internal Factors:
- Human Resources.
- Facilities & Equipment.
- Financial Resources.
- Customers.
- Products/Services.
- Technology.
- Suppliers.
- Distinctive Competencies. (Cost, Quality, Time, Flexibility, Customer Service, Location)
Operations Strategy:
Operations Strategy is concerned with setting broad policies and plans for using the resources of a firm to best support
its long-term competitive strategy.
Operations Strategy can be viewed as part of a planning process that coordinates operational goals with those of the
larger organization. Since the goals of the larger organization changes over time, the operation strategy must be designed
to anticipate future needs. Should be able to adapt to the customers changing needs for goods/services.
Competitive Dimensions:
Customers today have a lot of choices in terms of what to buy. Different customers are attracted to different
attributes.
The Major Competitive Dimensions that form the competitive position of a firm include the following:
Order Winners are the characteristics that will win the bid or the customers
purchase. 16
RECAP
Way to remain Competitive through Operations:
1) Price.
2) Quality.
3) Product/Service Differentiation.
4) Flexibility.
5) Time.
6) Service.
7) Management & Workers.
Importance of Operations Management:
Marketing
Finance
Human Resources
Location of
Facilities
Plant Layout
Maintenance & Material
Management Handling
Productions/
Material Operations Product
Management Management Design
Quality Production
Planning Process
Control Design
& Control
(Planning, Routing,
Scheduling, Dispatching,
Follow up)