Universidad de Sta.

Isabel
College of Health Sciences
Nursing program
  
  
SPEACIAL PERFORMANCE TASK

Subject: NCM105N
NCM105N Nutrition & Diet Therapy

Submitted by:
Michaella L. Maranan

Submitted to:
ALBERT A. ESPERA
Clinical Instructor 

Date Submitted: April 4, 2021

Diet Therapy for CVD Patients
1. Identify the Four (4) Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and cite each
the corresponding examples.
 Hypertension- High blood pressure (hypertension) is one of the
most important risk factors for CVD. If your blood pressure is too
high, it can damage your blood vessels.
 High cholesterol- Cholesterol is a fatty substance found in the
blood. If you have high cholesterol, it can cause your blood
vessels to narrow and increase your risk of developing a blood
clot.
 Diabetes- Diabetes is a lifelong condition that causes your blood
sugar level to become too high. High blood sugar levels can
damage the blood vessels, making them more likely to become
narrowed. Example of this condition is Glucagonoma a condition
in which the body produces too much of the hormone glucagon.
Chronic pancreatitis, a condition which causes inflammation of
the pancreas.
 Being overweight or obese- Being overweight or obese
increases your risk of developing diabetes and high blood
pressure, both of which are risk factors for CVD. Example of this
is when your body mass index (BMI) is 25 or above or when
you're a man with a waist measurement of 94cm (about 37
inches) or more, or a woman with a waist
measurement of 80cm (about 31.5 inches) or more.
2. Make a one-day menu plan for a patient with Hypertension based on
the Lifestyle Recommendation for CVD patients.
A healthy, balanced diet is recommended for a healthy heart.
Breakfast (7:00 am) Salsa & Egg Toast
- 1 slice whole-wheat bread, toasted
- 1 large egg, cooked in 1/4 tsp. olive oil or coat pan with a thin layer
of cooking spray (1-second spray). Season with a pinch each of
kosher salt and pepper.
- 2 Tbsp. salsa
- Top toast with egg and salsa.
- 1 medium banana
A.M. Snack
- 3/4 cup blueberries
 Lunch (12:00 pm) White Beans & Veggie Salad
- 2 cups mixed greens
- 3/4 cup veggies of your choice (try cucumbers and tomatoes)
- 1/3 cup white beans, rinsed
- 1/2 avocado, diced
- Combine ingredients and top salad with 1 Tbsp. red-wine vinegar, 2
tsp. olive oil and freshly ground pepper.
P.M. Snack
- Medium orange

Dinner (7:00 pm)

- 1 serving Garlic Roasted Salmon & Brussels Sprouts
- 1/2 cup cooked lentils seasoned with a pinch each of kosher salt
and pepper
3. Make a one-day menu plan for a patient with an Rx Diet of
Mediterranean Diet, based on the Lifestyle Recommendation for CVD
patients.
Breakfast (7:00 am)
- 1 whole-wheat muffin with 2 tablespoons peanut butter
- 1 cup cooked oatmeal with 1/2 cup cherries & 1 tablespoon
chopped walnuts
- 1 cup plain Greek yogurt
- Water
A.M. Snack
- Medium pear
Lunch (12:00 pm)
- 1 serving Chicken Greek Salad (2 3/4 cup)
- Mushed potato
- Water
P.M. Snack
- 1 4-inch whole-wheat pita bread, toasted
- 3 Tbsp. hummus drizzled with 1 tsp. olive oil
 Dinner (7:00 pm)
- 1 serving Scallops & Cherry Tomatoes with Butter Sauce
- 1 serving Guacamole Chopped Salad
- Water

Diet Therapy for Cancer Patients

1. Identify the eating problems for a Cancer Patient and provide/cite a
recommendations according and briefly
 Constipation- Chemotherapy and radiation therapy treatments
can cause constipation. Recommendations are;
 Eat at regular times each day
 Try to have a bowel movement at the same time each
day to establish regularity.
 Try to have a bowel movement at the same time each
day to establish regularity.
 Try to have a bowel movement at the same time each
day to establish regularity.
 Try to have a bowel movement at the same time each
day to establish regularity.
 Try to have a bowel movement at the same time each
day to establish regularity.
 Diarrhea- A Side Effect of Cancer Treatment. Recommendations
are;
 Drink plenty of mild, clear liquids throughout the day.
Liquids at room temperature are better tolerated.
 Eat small, frequent meals and snacks throughout the
day.
 Avoid greasy, fried, spicy, or very sweet foods.
 Limit milk and milk products to no more than 2 cups a
day.
 Avoid drinks and foods that cause gas, such as
carbonated drinks, gas-forming vegetables, and
chewing gum. (You may drink carbonated beverages if
you leave them open for at least 10 minutes before
drinking.)
 Drink and eat high-sodium foods, such as broths, sports
drinks, crackers, and pretzels.
  Drink and eat high-potassium foods, such as fruit juices
and nectars, sports drinks, potatoes without the skin,
and bananas.

 Dry Mouth- Chemotherapy and radiation therapy in the head or

neck area can reduce the flow of saliva and cause dry mouth.
Recommendations are;
 Have a sip of water every few minutes to help you
swallow and talk more easily. Consider carrying a water
bottle with you so you always have some handy.
 Suck on hard candy or popsicles or chew gum. These
can help make more saliva.
 Eat soft and pureed foods, which may be easier to
swallow.
 Keep your lips moist with lip salves.
 Moisten food with sauces, gravies, and salad dressings
to make it easier to swallow.
 Poor Appetite- Loss of appetite or poor appetite is one of the
most common problems that occurs with cancer and its
treatment. Recommendations are;
 Try liquid or powdered meal replacements, such as
"instant breakfast," during times when it is hard for you
to eat food.
 Try frequent small meals throughout the day, rather
than fewer big ones. It may be easier to eat more that
way, and you won't get so full.
 Keep snacks within easy reach so you can have
something whenever you feel like it. Cheese & crackers,
muffins, ice cream, peanut butter, fruit, and pudding
are good possibilities. Take a portable snack with you
when you go out, such as peanut butter crackers or
small boxes of raisins.
2. What is Neutropenic Diet and why this Diet is usually prescribe for an
immune compromised patient, and as nurse how will you going to
address this diet correctly to a Cancer Patient?
 A neutropenic diet is prescribe for people with weakened
immune systems because this diet helps protect them from
bacteria and other harmful organisms found in some food and
drinks. If your immune system is not working well, your body
may have a hard time protecting itself from these bacteria. As a
 nurse we should know that Neutropenic diets, or low-bacteria
diets, should not be prescribed to neutropenic patients. Properly
handled and adequately washed fresh fruits and vegetables can
safely be consumed by patients with neutropenia. Patients and
hospitals should follow FDA-published safe food-handling
guidelines to prevent food contamination.

Nutrition Support
1. An endocrinologist prescribes a blenderized feeding with a 1,800 kcal
formula, state some natural foods that can be given from different
food groups.

Ingredients Calories
Baby Rice Cereal ½ cup 1800 Kcals
Baby Beef 2 Jars 1800 Kcals
Baby Carrots 1 Jar 1800 Kcals
Baby Green Beans 1 Jar 1800 Kcals
Baby Applesauce 1 Jar 1800 Kcals

2. Examples of Enteral Formulas that can be given to patient with:

 Diabetes Mellitus- Diabetes specific formulas improve glucose
control and outcomes;
 Lower carbohydrate content
 Higher proportion of carbohydrates that have a low
glycemic index and/or are slowly digestible, e.g. by
replacement of high glycemic-index maltodextrin,
starch, and sucrose with low glycemic-index
carbohydrates such as digestion-resistant maltodextrin,
isomaltulose, and sucromalt, non-hydrolysed starches
among others.
 Fat content enriched in unsaturated fatty acids,
particularly monounsaturated fatty acids
 Higher fibre content
o Example of enteral nutrition products that seen or
display in the groceries, supermarkets or
drugstores is Nestle Nutren Diabetes Vanilla
Flavour
 Renal-
 Normal amounts of protein are appropriate
 High-protein feeds should be commended for patients
on dialysis, with 2.0-2.5g/kg/day of protein. 
 A 70kg patient would thus require 140-175g of protein
per day while on dialysis
 For protein-poor Nepro, which contains only 7g protein
per 100ml, one's daily dose would be 2000-2500ml, at
a rate of over 100ml/hr.
o Example of enteral nutrition products that seen or
display in the groceries, supermarkets or
drugstores is Nutricomp Drink Renal
 Heart Diseases-
 Nutritional supplementation that contains 600 kcal/day:
protein content 20 g, carbohydrates 72 g, fat 26 g
o Example of enteral nutrition products that seen or
display in the groceries, supermarkets or
drugstores is Dietary Supplement: Placebo