Task 1

The Australian Antarctic Division in the Antarctic wants to reduce operating weight of heavy
plant equipment. However, one of the better suggestions included the adoption of Kevlar and
Carbon fibre for covers and drive engine components. There are several benefits to
implementing light material for the equipment to be on the lighter side.

Carbon Fibers Benefits

One of the most important benefits of carbon fibre is its higher performance in the usage of civil
engineering applications. Furthermore, graphite fibre is composed of carbon and offers
intensified tensile strength and size (Tanaka, Yamada, Hinoue and Katayama, 2019). The strong
composition provides higher elastic modules and fatigue strength with glass fibers. Therefore, in
machinery and equipment strength reduction carbon fibers will provide more support. In
addition to this, higher chemical resistance is also provided so that control over higher
temperature, corrosion resistance and lower thermal expansion.

Secondly Carbon fibre provide strength as per force per unit area with proper density division.
As compared with steel, physical properties of carbon fibre makes it stronger due to
carbonization degree with 92% and carbon planes ribbon orientation with 0.000039 inches of 1
micron (Gite and Margaj, 2021). The stiffness and rigidity are another example which determine
that carbon fibre contain plastic that 4 time stiffer, and 2.5 times greater than aluminium.

In the development of engine components, possibility for fire resistance should be needed. The
carbon fibre is very soft and require integrated protective clothing to remove firefighting
chances. The shield will protect the Australian Antarctic Division with plan equipment.
Therefore, carbon fiber has best benefit to be inert by combing it with corrosive agents’ carbon
fibre blanket makes a good welding protection framework.

Kevlar Fibre Benefits

Kevlar is another fibre material which is also known as aramid and its full form is aromatic
polyamide. This fibre is composed of molecules which are developed in highly oriented chains.
In addition to this, fibre is woven into fabrics so that exploitation of properties could be done
successfully. The composition of Kevlar included through condensation reaction of amine (1, 4-
phenylene-diamine) and acid chloride (terephthaloyl chloride) (Wang and Hu, 2016).
Kevlar fibres also provides interfacial adhesive bonding developed through concrete material. In
addition to this, Kevlar fibres are tough and flexible which provide bridge over grain structure,
and suppressive premature surface and subsurface local fracture to build interface in between
crack. The purpose of Kevlar fibres into the materials of machinery equipment helps for
construction of adhesive joints with gap repairing and structural reinforcements.

One of the very important benefits is that Kevlar chains have rigidity and develop planer sheets
as per definition of silk (Wang and Hu, 2016). Furthermore, this composition is due to
development of benzene rings and chains connected with each other through H-bonds. The
tensile strength will be helpful to conduct operations for uplifting materials at construction sites.

To conclude, for development of operating weight within heavy plant equipment, carbon fibre is
the most effective approach due to the benefits it offers. The production of strength, weight,
stress resistance, corrosion resistance, thermal expansion resistance, dampen energy
sustainability and flexibility will offer the department to control weight issues. Hence,
recommended fibre is carbon fibre due to it’s selective traits of support from thermal resistance,
energy and sustainability. To proceed further, the selective organizations who produces this fibr
should be approached within specific time span.

References

Gite, B. and Margaj, S., 2021. Carbon Fibre As A Recent Material Use In Construction. [online]
Civil Engineering Portal. Available at: <http://www. engineeringcivil. com/carbon-fibre-as-
arecent-material-use-in-construction. html.> [Accessed 23 February 2021].

Tanaka, K., Yamada, K., Hinoue, Y. and Katayama, T., 2019. Influence of Unsizing and Carbon
Nanotube Grafting of Carbon Fibre on Fibre Matrix Interfacial Shear Strength of Carbon
Fibre and Polyamide 6. Key Engineering Materials, 827, pp.178-183.
Wang, Y. and Hu, X., 2016. Benefits of Short Kevlar Fiber Reinforcement at the Interface for
Repair of Concrete-Like Materials. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 28(9),
p.04016087.

Task 2

Regional Operations Officers

Brooms
Steve Smith

22/02/2021

Dear Sir,
This letter is to support the selection of new fleet procudred from Toyota. Despite
having own workshop facilities in Broome for bull bars development, Toyota was given the
work for accomplishment. The selection of retro fitting bull bars to new fleet of twenty Toyota
2020 Prado Landcruiser’ was wise choice due to the organization’s name and durability.
Furthermore, the ADRs or Australian design rules are considered as national standard for vehicle
safety which covers problems related to occupant protection, vehicle structure, performance and
lighting. These rules were adopted by the Toyota as per section of Australia safety standard with
vehicle front protection system.

The cost was the second, most effective way to consider development of bull bars. It should be
noted that heavy equipment for different purposes implement mechanized tasks that result in
double the cost. Warranty expense rate was the second reason due to which selection of Toyota
as firm was undertaken purposefully.

According to research accomplished, approximately 45 heavy equipment manufacturers seek

warranty expense figures into annual reports altogether. The claims of delivering devices which
are in working condition is the most feasible option. Also, approximately 87% of the worldwide
heavy equipment industry have warranty expenses if a component or part is not working
altogether.

In addition to it, the total cost of implementation is much higher which could be negotiated well
enough. It is important to understand Toyota was selected based on its overall pricing structure
and utilization of different benefits together in a successful manner. Therefore, the recommended
choice turned out beneficial as it saved the additional costs for infrastructure as no supplies at
Broome’s service center is present. The outsourcing from Toyota was beneficial as it offered
organization to get trust and durability in return.

The following table describes basic warranty claims provided by Toyota as per miles:
Basic Warranty 36 months/36,000 miles 36 months/36,000 miles
Powertrain 60 months/60,000 miles 60 months/60,000 miles
Corrosion Perforation 60 months/unlimited miles 60 months/unlimited miles
Restraint Systems 60 months/60,000 miles 60 months/60,000 miles

The cost and pricing as per mileage estimation is described in below table:
Mileage Estimates (mpg 13/17/14 13/17/14
city/highway/combined)68

Starting msrp1 $85,665 $87,995

Curb weight (lb.) 5815 5715
Gross Vehicle 7385 7385
Weight Rating
(GVWR) (lb.)
Cargo volume (cu. 82.8/41.4/16.1 82.8/41.4/16.1
ft.)123 behind
front/second-
row/third-row seats
Fuel tank (gal.) 24.6 24.6
Seating capacity 8 5/8
The weight and extensive features are disclosed below:

Overall height 74.0 74.0

Overall width 77.95 77.95
Overall length 194.9 194.9
Wheelbase 112.2 112.2
Track (front/rear) 65.0/64.8 64.6/64.4