SOP SUNCTION

Definition of a sunction

Suction It is the act of removing secretions or blood from the airway, where the secretions are
sucked through rubber or polyethylene connected to a suction machine.

The purpose of the sunction action

The goal of the first suction procedure is to remove secretions or other fluids that are blocking
the airway. The accumulation of secretions in the airway can reduce the supply of oxygen to the
body, which in turn can result in tissue damage or even disability, so that the accumulated
secretions need to be removed as soon as possible.

The second most important goal is to clear the airway.

Equipment required for the suction action

The following is the equipment needed in the SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) SOP:

Suction Tool or Machine

Sterile Instrument Tub which contains: Suction Catheter (polyethylene), Handscoon, 2 pieces of
anatomical tweezers, Gauze, Kom.

Sterile liquid, or you can also use NaCl

Slow and lazy

Sputum holder, (this tool is needed if the results are to be used for laboratory tests).

SOP Suction procedure

In this section, the composition of the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for suction consists
of 4 parts, namely (Pre-Interaction, Orientation, Work Stage, and Termination).

Pre-interaction
Identification of the patient's needs, is it necessary to give suction or not? Why is it necessary to
give suction? etc.

Do a good and proper Hand Wash, namely with 6 steps and 4 movements.

Prepare the equipment that we discussed earlier. But sometimes in some hospitals, the
equipment may not be available, or the equipment may vary. So, you have to be able to take
advantage of the existing tools (being creative is the key).

Orientation

Greet the patient, be sure to call the patient's name, this is important to increase relationships
and trust.

The next step is to explain the procedural actions to be carried out, both the benefits and
inconveniences that will arise.

Ask the patient if there is anything he wants to ask about the procedure. If the client refuses to
take action, explain again what benefits and impacts would arise if the action was not taken.

Work Stage

Adjusting the Position For patients who are conscious or still functioning the vomiting reflex,
you can position the patient in a semifowler position or a half-sitting position. for suction
performed through the mouth, the position of the head is rotated to the left or right. While the
suction is done through the nose, the neck is extended.

For unconscious patients, the body position is lateral, this is to prevent the base of the tongue
from falling backwards so that it does not interfere with the insertion of the suction catheter. In
addition, the lateral position allows secretions to flow from the pharynx and prevents
aspiration.
Next, place a towel on the pillow or under the patient's chin.

Adjust the suction pressure of the suction machine. In a suction machine, the pressure consists
of 3 parts, namely high pressure (120 to 150 mmHg), medium pressure (80 to 120 mmHg). Low
pressure ranges from 0 to 80 mmHg.

For adults, the suction pressure usually ranges from 100 mmHg to 120 mmHg. As for children
and infants, the suction pressure ranges from 50 to 75 mmHg.

Open the instrument tub and enter a sterile liquid such as Nacl in the space provided.

Wear sterile gloves with sterile principles.

Take the catheter tube, then connect it to the suction machine.

Measure the depth of suction. To measure the depth of suction, you can measure it from nose
to mouth. Or approximately 13 cm for adults.

Wet the catheter tip with sterile liquid, this is done to make it easier to insert the suction
catheter.

Before inserting the catheter, check the suction first, by placing your finger in the place of your
thumb. Then open the Y connector (control suction) branch to cause suction.

Insert the suction catheter tube slowly (the nasopharynx is approximately 5 cm deep, and the
oropharynx is approximately 10 cm deep). Insert the hose without closing the suction catheter.

Perform suction by closing the suction catheter hole, and pull the tube out in a circular manner.
Suction is carried out for 10 seconds for adults, and 5 seconds for children. Remember,
inhalation only takes place within 15 seconds.

Flush the catheter tube with sterile water or NaCl solution, and instruct the patient to breathe

Repeat suction or suction, (do as much as 3 to 5 times).

Instruct patient to take deep breaths and cough between suction. This aims to remove phlegm
until the place is reached by the tool.

Make observations of the patient's general condition, as well as his breathing.

Also observe the state of secretions, such as (color, smell, consistency, and quantity.

If suctioned secretions are required for laboratory testing, collect the secretions in the sputum
container.

When finished, clean the patient's nose and mouth.

Clean up the equipment

Termination Stage

Evaluate the patient's results and responses after the suction procedure.

Document the results in a patient-specific note.

Contract with the patient for further action.

End the activity and clean up the equipment.

Wash your hands.