Nafees Hasan Chowdhury 1830143

HRM390 mid broad questions

Section-2

2) Continuous learning is the hallmark of good management in an organization. It helps an organization

gain competitive advantage in its respective field. Describe the key features of continuous learning.

Continuous learning is the process of learning new skills and gaining new knowledge on a continuous
basis. This can be of various forms it can be casual social learning or can be within an organization or can
be personal. This is important as today’s world is a competitive one in order to stay above everyone the
employees need to continuously learn and give a much better output. Introducing continuous learning
within the organization is an effective way to improve performance and innovation this also increases
employee satisfaction and retention, the reasons are knowledge can be said as power because more the
employees know the more they can contribute to the organization, more cost effective because the to
train fresh graduates for the job is much more less costly than hiring new experienced employees, this
also shows the employees are valued in the organization because if the organization train them the
employees feel valued in the organization and feel that the organization is serious about the employees
career.

3) What is glass ceiling? How does it affect an individuals’ career growth?

The glass ceiling is an unseen barrier which do not allow the women and minorities to raise to the high
rank of the corporation irrespective of their qualities. It has penetrated so much in our corporate
culture. It is actually the resistance to achievements and accomplishments of the women as well as the
minorities to reach the top rank of management. This term was only restricted to the women but is also
extended to men and women of the minorities. The Gender wage Gap this gap is the difference in both
the wages and earnings between males and females who have equivalent job titles, training experience,
education, and professions. In most circumstances, women are paid less than men when all of these
factors are comparable. In a research it found that customers prefer white man employees. This
preference for white man helps explain why white man hold highest paying and holds powerful jobs in
the occupation. This is referred to as occupational segregation. From another research found that
customers who viewed videos featuring a black male and a white female or a white male actor playing
the role of an employee helping a customer were more satisfied with the white male.

4) Discuss the behavioral approaches to measure employee performance.

a) Critical Incident approach: The critical incident method of performance appraisal involves recording
information’s about an employee whether the employees dis something right or did something wrong
and need improvement. The use of this method includes the presence of a manager, who is required to
keep records of the employees by writing things in a record. This method can be useful for the
employees as the records are detailed so the employees can see their mistakes and can improve upon
them.
b) Behaviorally anchored rating scales (BARS): Behaviorally anchored rating scales are a type of
performance management scale that uses behavior statements as a reference point. BARS measure the
employee’s performance against specific examples of behaviors. BARS can evaluate any employees in
any given position within a given organization it also reduced the error that occurs within rating method.

c) Behavioral observation scales (BOS): like BARS this technique involves a process the key task for a
particular job the difference between BARS and BOS is that the employees are evaluated according to
how frequently they exhibit the required behavior for effective performance. The scores of the
observation are then added up to produce an overall performance score.

d) Organizational behavior modification: This method involves using various methods or responses to
encourage or discourage certain behaviors. If the behavior is favorable for the organization the
organization will reward the employee and if the behavior is not favorable for the organization the
organization will punish the employee.

e) Assessment centers: This is the place to evaluate an employee’s potential and performance. An
assessment center typically uses tests, exercise, and assignments to group the employees and assess
their competencies to take higher responsibilities in the future. The trained evaluators observe and
evaluate the employees as they perform the assigned jobs.