2018 3rd International Conference on Mechanical, Control and Computer Engineering
Vibration Problems and Application of Vibration
Reduction System in Engineering
Peng Jing-hui1,*, Wang Qiang1,2, Zhang Ying-dong1
1
School of Weaponry Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan 430033, China; 909450046@qq.com
2
School of power engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan 430033, China;
*Correspondence: 909450046@qq.com; Tel.: +86-159-2745-3031
Abstract: In order to reduce the influence of vibration to the
system, construct the new reduction system was studied by the
existing vibration theory and practical application of vibration
reduction measures. First of all, the causes of the vibration were
analyzed and classified. Then, vibration and vibration reduction
were studied from three aspects of vibration test system,
analytical method and the application of vibration reduction in
engineering. Finally, a new vibration reduction system was
proposed on the basis of full consideration and synthesis the
above research.
Keywords: vibration; vibration test system; vibration
reduction
I. INTRODUCTION
Science and technology change with each passing day
when human society enters modern civilization, it promotes the
rapid development of aeronautics, ships, vehicles, civil
engineering and other engineering fields. The designers have
been plagued by the vibration problem since the first
machinery was invented and used, failed to eliminate and
reduce the mechanical vibration often impact the development
of design progress, the vibration of the mechanical problems
also gradually got the attention of the people[1]. Excessive
vibration not only has a great impact on the safety and
reliability of machinery and structures[2,3], but also on some
precision equipment and components with high precision
requirements. At the same time, it also greatly reduces the
service life of machinery and even causes heavy casualties for
personnel[4]. According to statistics, about 70% of mechanical
failures are related to or caused by vibration[5]. Similarly, in
civil engineering fields such as buildings and bridges, vibration
is still one of the main problems that designers need to solve in
construction.
There are many studies of the vibration problems in
engineering and the application of vibration reduction
measures at present, but little to establish a new type of
vibration reduction system include vibration testing, measure
of vibration mitigation, vibration reduction maintenance and
others.
II. THE GENERATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF VIBRATION
978-1-5386-8481-8/18/$31.00 ©2018 IEEE 26
DOI 10.1109/ICMCCE.2018.00014
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Vibration is the phenomenon of system around its
equilibrium position do reciprocating motion, caused by many
ways, usually divided four stages: vibration energy generation,
transmission of energy, diffusion of energy and radiation of
energy[6]. The first three stages mainly study the phenomenon
of vibration and impact but do not involve the generation and
transmission of ambient noise by radiation waves among them.
It’s not only need to reduce mechanical vibration noise
produced by strike, friction and others, but also need to reduce
aerodynamic vibration noise in mechanical design[7].
Mechanical design do not lead to vibration, but the stand or
fall of mechanical design seriously affects and restricts the
smooth operation of the machinery, so the mechanical parts or
processing conditions of equipment need clear requirements in
design. It’s a key link that product whether meet the design
requirements under the effect of vibration produced in
machining process, such as the self-excited vibration, free
vibration and forced vibration[8]. Usually the free vibration
depends on whether produces generate mutate force within the
system. Self-excited vibration is independent of external
excitation, but it is affected by cutting quantity and internal
structure of material. Forced vibration is the most common
form of mechanical manufacturing process and affected by
many factors, for example, vibration of machine tool,
transmission mechanism and others. In conclusion, it can be
seen that the mechanical vibration in the process of machining
is mainly affected by the factors such as tool, machine tool and
materials.
III. VIBRATION SYSTEM AND APPLICATION OF VIBRATION
REDUCTION MEASURES
A. Vibration testing system
Vibration measurement system usually use sensors such as
piezoelectric acceleration sensor laser displacement sensor
convert the physical signal input of the test piece or system
vibration into digital signal or analog signal output, the
control system processes the converted signal, then a series of
actions are performed according to the requirements to
analyze the inherent characteristics of the test piece or system,
test system is shown in fig. 1.
 Fig. 1 Test system of vibration

Actual vibration test system is more elaborate than figure
1, such as signal acquisition include sensors, signal modulator
and data acquisition and analysis system. The basic
framework of vibration testing system as shown in fig. 1
though subjects and purpose of experiment is different.
B. Analytical method for vibration system
With the progress of mathematics and modeling simulation
software of increasingly mature, many ways can be used to
analyze the vibration system. Common methods include modal
analysis, finite-element method, system simulation model
based on MATLAB, and other methods such as statistical
energy method and Rayleigh method. Modal analysis mainly
analyzes the natural frequencies of vibration body within a
range of frequencies, principal mode, damping ratio and others,
and then optimizes the dynamic characteristic of the vibration
system design. Finite-element method is divided a solution of
continuous area into a finite number of overlapping and not in a
certain way of interconnected units, the approximation function
assumed in each unit is used to represent the unknown field
function to be solved in the total solution domain. However,
it’s the key that grid quality, number of unit degree of freedom
and boundary conditions to ensure accuracy of calculation[9].
System simulation based on MATLAB actually refers to the
numerical calculation and response analysis of the physical
model of the vibration system by using MATLAB software to
compile relevant calculation programs.
C. Application of vibration reduction measures in engineering
Research and analysis on the phenomenon of vibration in
order to ultimately form a system theory to better reduction or
use of vibration, usually make the inherent frequency far from
working frequency to avoid the emergence of resonance
phenomenon in the design after the intrinsic characteristics of
research system. The transmission components should avoid
the existence of sudden changes in speed and acceleration,
and transfer equably to eliminate rigidity impact. Different
lubricating oils and different oil clearance should be used
reasonably for different machinery and different parts in
different regions and environments. Choose stable material to
avoid material change because of high temperature and cause
vibration during processing should be considered in the
mechanical design. Especially the choice of processing tools
need a very good cohesion with the design of the whole, the
vibration of the whole system is reduced while the machining
precision is improved.
In order to effectively reduce and resolve the effects of
vibration, there are two kinds of design in products[10]: rigid
and flexible design, rigid design is more traditional among
them, but flexible design has been widely application in recent
years. For aero-engines such as turboshaft, turbojet and
turbofan, and ship gas turbine in high-speed rotating
machinery, most of the supporting structures of their rotor
system adopt flexible design[11], the squirrel cage elastic
support structure as shown in fig. 2.
Fig. 2 The structure of squirrel cage elastic support
Vibration isolation is to study the relationship of the
vibration between objects, reduce the amount of vibration
transfer between each other. For the problem that the vibration
of gun barrel affects the firing accuracy cannon gun tube
affect the firing accuracy of vibration problems, the gun
absorber (fig. 3) is usually used to reduce the vibration of the
barrel muzzle to improve the density of projectile
dispersion[12].

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 Fig. 3 The absorber of gun
The road surface roughness will provoke car’s vibration
when the car is moving, and the stability of the vehicle was
seriously affected by the dynamic load between car and road.
In order to reduce the vibration, usually adopt suspension
system (fig. 4) to mitigate impact load produced by uneven
road surface to the body, attenuate the vibration of the load
bearing system due to the impact load[13].
Some flexible connections are often used in mechanical
transmission, for example, cotton rope is used between the
motor and the rotating shaft. In order to reduce the influence
of power source on working parts, belt drive will be used as
high-speed transmission, because belt drive is a flexible drive
Fig. 5 The vibration isolation system of monolayer building and multilayer building.
IV. CONSTRUCTION OF A NEW VIBRATION REDUCTION SYSTEM
With the development of science and technology level and
the people on the improvement of equipment requirements,
the traditional method and train of thought in the field of some
sophisticated and special industry still can’t meet the
requirements of continuous use. In terms of the above
vibration reduction measures, it only have the features of
vibration reduction but does not have the function of
self-detection or self-maintenance, so it just implements
realized the local damping instead of the overall damping of
the system. In addition, friction, vibration and other external
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Fig. 4 Suspension system of car
with features of smooth transmission and buffer vibration
absorbing[14]. Using the herringbone gear or helical gear
replaced the straight gear in gear transmission can ensure the
smooth operation of the gear, reduce the impact load, and
improve the working stability of machinery and the service
life of parts.
The construction often use base isolation in the earthquake
dynamics by introducing some type of support, and isolate
buildings from the ground of the vibration to protect the
buildings from the destruction of the earthquake[15]. Fig. 5
shows the vibration isolation system of monolayer building
and multilayer building.
damage are inevitable in the working of machinery, in order to
meet the requirements continuously in equipment operation
need add functions such as intelligent detection and
autonomous maintenance to vibration-absorbing system.
Real-time monitoring and maintenance will change the mode
of one-time design and installation of traditional vibration
reduction system until it is damaged, build intelligent
time-varying adjustment and maintenance vibration reduction
system(Fig. 6) keep the device in a stable working, and avoid
situations, for example, local mutation or error between batch
parts is too large.
 Fig. 6 Model of a new vibration reduction system
New vibration reduction system can be effectively applied
to all kinds of simple and complex mechanical equipment, for
example, a large system can independently evaluate and select
the best match with multiple different types and distribution of
the shock absorber in work environment, makes the
equipment operation is more stable, less hazards to external
environmental and product performance is better.
V. CONCLUSIONS
Vibration is the main cause of mechanical failure and
scrap in mechanical engineering, and the influence of
vibration can effectively reduce by choice the research
methods reasonably and design scheme, improve the
mechanical safety and service life. A mechanical system
should avoid resonance phenomenon, reduce the generation of
mutation, select materials and machining tool, and control
motion clearance is factors must be considered in the process
of mechanical design and processing. The vibration problem
of construction is one of the main threats in civil engineering,
excessive vibration will cause the collapse of the structure,
and reduce the vibration transmission of ground vibration is
necessary. In order to realize intelligent monitoring,
inspection and maintenance, some areas of high demand need
to establish a new type of vibration reduction system. Of
course, the allowable range of vibration control of the
machine is taken into account comprehensively include the
use and economic benefit of the machinery in the actual
design and use, avoid unnecessary waste of resources.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Thanks for the support of the Chinese postdoctoral
research foundation (2017M613369; 2017T100799).
AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS
This paper was finish by Peng Jing-hui, Wang Qiang,
Zhang Ying-dong, Peng Jing-hui studied the vibration and
vibration reduction of mechanical system, and put forward
construct a new model of the vibration reduction system.
29
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Wang Qiang systematically sorted out and modified the article.
Zhang Ying-dong consulted some theoretical knowledge
required in this paper and provided constructive suggestions
for the establishment of a new vibration reduction system
model.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
The purpose of this paper is to build a new model of
vibration reduction system. Although some published
materials have been described, there is no conflict of interest
with published publications.
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