CONDUCTIVE POLYMERS

DHANUSH N
711120104019
CSE

 WHAT IS CONDUCTIVE POLYMERS?

• CONDUCTIVE POLYMERS OR ,MORE PRECISELY,INTRINSICALY CONDUCTING POLYMERS (ICPS).

• THEY ARE ORGANIC POLYMERS THAT CONDUCT ELECTRICITY.
• SUCH COMPOUNDS MAY HAVE METALLIC CONDUCTIVITY OR CAN BE SEMI CONDUCTORS.
• THE BIGGEST ADVANTAGE OF CONDUCTIVE POLYMERS IS THEIR PROCESSABILITY, MAINLY BY
DISPERSION.
• CONDUCTIVE POLYMERS ARE GENERALY NOT THERMOPLASTICS, i.e,THEY ARE NOT
THERMOFORMABLE. BUT,LIKE INSULATING POLYMERS,THEY ARE ORGANIC MATERIALS.
• THEY CAN OFFER HIGH ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY BUT DO NOT SHOW SIMILAR
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES TO OTHER COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE POLYMERS.
• THE ELECTRICAL PROPETIES CAN BE FINE-TUNED USING THE METHODS OF ORGANIC
SYNTHESIS AND BY ADVANCED DISPERSION TECHNIQUES.

 THE FOLLOWING TABLE PRESENTS SOME ORGANIC CONDUCTIVE POLYMER

ACCORDING TO THEIR COMPOSITION

• LINEAR-BACKBONE “POLYMER BLACKS” AND THEIR COPOLYMERS ARE THE MAIN CLASS OF CONDUCTIVE
POLYMERS.
• ITS SOLUBLE DERIVATIVES HAVE EMERGED AS THE PROTOTYPICAL ELECTROLUMINISCENT SEMICONDUCTING
POLYMERS.
• POLY(3-ALKYLTHIOPHENES) ARE THE ARCHETYPICAL MATERIALS FOR SOLAR CELLS AND TRANSISTORS.

 SYNTHESIZATION OF POLYMERS
THERE ARE TWO MAIN METHODS USED TO CONDUCTIVE POLYMERS

• CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS
• ELECTRO (CO)POLYMERIZATION
• 1) CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS:
• The chemical synthesis means connecting carbon-carbon
bond of monomers by placing the simple monomers under various
condition ,such as heating, pressing, light exposure and catalyst. The
advantage is high yield.however there are many impurities plausible in the
end product.

• 2) ELECTRO (CO)POLYMERIZATION:
• Electro (co)polymerization means inserting three electrodes
(reference electrode, counter electrode and working electrode) into
solution including reactors or monomers.By applying voltage to
electrodes,redox reactions to synthesize polymer is promoted.Electro
(co)polymerization can also be divided into cylic voltammetry and
potentiostatic method by applying cyclic voltage and constant voltage.
• The advantage of Electro (co)polymerization are the high purity of
products.
• But the method can only synthesize a few products at a time

 APPLICATIONS
Conductive polymers show promise in antistatic materials and they have been incorporated into
commercial displays and batteries. Literature suggests they are also promising in organic solar cells,
printed electronic circuits, organic light-emitting diodes, actuators, electrochromism, supercapacitors,
chemical sensors, chemical sensor arrays, and biosensors, exible transparent displays, electromagnetic
shielding and possibly replacement for the popular transparent conductor indium tin oxide. Another use is
for microwave-absorbent coatings, particularly radar-absorptive coatings on stealth aircraft. Conducting
polymers are rapidly gaining attraction in new applications with increasingly processable materials with
better electrical and physical properties and lower costs. The new nano-structured forms of conducting
polymers particularly, augment this eld with their higher surface area and better dispersability. Research
reports showed that nanostructured conducting polymers in the form of nano bers and nanosponges,
showed signi cantly improved capacitance values as compared to their non-nanostructured counterparts.

With the availability of stable and reproducible dispersions, PEDOT and polyaniline have gained some
large-scale applications. While PEDOT (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)) is mainly used in antistatic
applications and as a transparent conductive layer in form of PEDOT:PSS dispersions (PSS=polystyrene
sulfonic acid), polyaniline is widely used for printed circuit board manufacturing – in the nal nish, for
protecting copper from corrosion and preventing its solderability.Moreover, Polyindole is also starting to
gain attention for various applications due to its high redox activity, thermal stability,[and slow degradation
properties than competitors polyaniline and polypyrrole.
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