Iso 14346 (2013)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14346
First edition
2013-03-15
Static design procedure for

welded hollow-section joints —
Recommendations
Procédure statique de conception des joints soudés à section creuse —
Recommandations
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Reference number
ISO 14346:2013(E)
Copyright International Organization for Standardization © ISO 2013

Provided by IHS under license with ISO
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale
ISO 14346:2013(E)
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COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT

© ISO 2013

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Copyright International Organization for Standardization © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
ISO 14346:2013(E)
Contents
Foreword ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v
1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms ........................................................................................................................................................... 2
5 Requirements .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
6 Materials .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12
7 Joint types .................................................................................................................................................................................................................13

............................................................................................................................................................................................19
9 Limit states design ...........................................................................................................................................................................................23
10 Partial load and safety factors for loads and resistances........................................................................................24
11 Static design procedures ...........................................................................................................................................................................24
... 7 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 24
11.2 Design member forces ................................................................................................................................................................... 24
..K M

............................................................................................................................................................................... 24
..B M
...................................................................................................................................................................................... 25
12 Design member forces .................................................................................................................................................................................25
./.

............................................................................................................................................................................... 25
12.2 Design member forces ................................................................................................................................................................... 26
13 Design criteria......................................................................................................................................................................................................26
.K. >
........................................................................................................................................................................................ 26
.K/ P
................................................................................................................................................................................... 26
.KK P
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............................................................. 28
.KB "P
................................................................................................................................................................ 29
.K& V P
.............................................................................................................................................................................. 30
14 Design resistance of uniplanar CHS braces to CHS chord joints.......................................................................30
.B. M
?

.................................................................................................................................................................. 30
.B/ M

......................................................................................................................................................... 31
15 Design resistance of uniplanar gusset plates, I- or H-section braces or RHS braces to CHS
chord joints .............................................................................................................................................................................................................32
16 Design resistance of multiplanar joints with CHS chord .........................................................................................33
17 Design resistance of uniplanar RHS braces or CHS braces to RHS chord joints...............................34
.C. M
?

.................................................................................................................................................................. 34
.C/ M

......................................................................................................................................................... 36
18 Design resistance of uniplanar SHS or CHS braces to SHS chord joints....................................................37
.X. M
?

.................................................................................................................................................................. 37
.X/ M

......................................................................................................................................................... 38
19 Design resistance of uniplanar gusset plate to RHS joints .....................................................................................38
20 Design resistance of multiplanar joints with RHS chord .........................................................................................39
21 Design resistance of uniplanar CHS or RHS braces to I- or H-section chord joints ......................40
/.. M
?

.................................................................................................................................................................. 40
/./ M

......................................................................................................................................................... 42
22 Design resistance of uniplanar overlap joints with a CHS, RHS, I- or H-section chord .............42
Annex A Y Z Quality requirements for hollow sections .....................................................................................46
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© ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

Copyright International Organization for Standardization iii
ISO 14346:2013(E)
Annex B Y Z Weld details....................................................................................................................................................................48

Annex C Y Z Partial safety factors on static strength ............................................................................................50
Bibliography ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 52
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iv
ISO 14346:2013(E)
Foreword
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Copyright International Organization for Standardization v
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Copyright International Organization for Standardization

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14346:2013(E)
Static design procedure for welded hollow-section joints —

Recommendations
1 Scope
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!"#.BKBCFatigue — Design procedure for welded hollow-section joints — Recommendations
!"#][Q/&G8.Welding and related processes — Vocabulary

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3.1
chord face failure

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chord punching shear
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chord side wall failure
chord web failure

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ISO 14346:2013(E)
3.5

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members or elements intersect
3.6
local chord member yielding
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3.7
local yielding of overlapping brace
local yielding of overlapping plate
local yielding of brace
local yielding of plate
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3.8
multiplanar joint

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3.9
structural properties of a joint

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3.10
uniplanar joint

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4 Symbols and abbreviated terms

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ISO 14346:2013(E)
d %+"
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ISO 14346:2013(E)
Mi
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ISO 14346:2013(E)
b1
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γ= or 0
2t 0 2t 0
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slenderness
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5 Requirements
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6
ISO 14346:2013(E)
b) Y-joint
c) X-joint
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ISO 14346:2013(E)
d) Y-joint (CHS chord) with brace in-plane bending
e) Y-joint (CHS chord) with brace out-of-plane bending

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f) Y-joint (RHS chord) with brace in-plane bending
8
ISO 14346:2013(E)
g) Y-joint (RHS chord) with brace out-of-plane bending
h) gap K-joint
i) overlap K-joint
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ISO 14346:2013(E)
j) CHS TT-joint
k) RHS TT-joint
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10
ISO 14346:2013(E)
l) CHS XX-joint
m) RHS XX-joint

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ISO 14346:2013(E)
n) CHS gap KK-joint
o) RHS gap KK-joint

Key
0 chord
1

2

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Figure 1 — Joints between hollow sections
6 Materials
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ISO 14346:2013(E)
7 Joint types
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a) T-joint — transverse plate to CHS
b) X-joint — transverse plate to CHS

ISO 14346:2013(E)
c) T-joint — longitudinal plate to CHS
d) X-joint — longitudinal plate to CHS
e) T-joint — transverse plate to RHS
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14
ISO 14346:2013(E)
f) X-joint — transverse plate to RHS
g) T-joint — longitudinal plate to RHS

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h) X-joint — longitudinal plate to RHS
Copyright International Organization for Standardization © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved 15
ISO 14346:2013(E)
i) T-joint — longitudinal through plate to RHS
Figure 2 — Joints between gusset plates and CHS or RHS chords
a) T-joint
b) X-joint
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16
ISO 14346:2013(E)
c) T-joint
d) X-joint
Figure 3 — Joints between open section or RHS braces and CHS chords
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ISO 14346:2013(E)
a) Y-joint
b) gap K-joint
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c) overlap K-joint
18
ISO 14346:2013(E)
d) T-joint subject to in-plane bending

Key
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Figure 4 — Joints between CHS or RHS braces and open-section chords

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ISO 14346:2013(E)

P Z

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FK* FX*
where
FK*

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FX*

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20
ISO 14346:2013(E)
c)
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ISO 14346:2013(E)
f)
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g)
h)
22
ISO 14346:2013(E)
i)
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Figure 6 — Checking of an N-joint with unbalanced brace member loads
9 Limit states design

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ISO 14346:2013(E)

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10 Partial load and safety factors for loads and resistances
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11 Static design procedures
11.1 General
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11.2 Design member forces

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11.3 Design resistance

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ISO 14346:2013(E)
11.4 Design criteria

The design member forces determined in 11.2
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11.3

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12 Design member forces
12.1 Analysis methods

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Figure 7 — Possible frame modelling assumption

ISO 14346:2013(E)
12.2 Design member forces

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12.1:
Fi
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, Yiq./Z~
Mi
,, Yiq./Z~
M0 design moment in the chord.
13 Design criteria
13.1 Failure modes

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13.2 Uniplanar joints
13.2.1 General
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13.2.2 Uniplanar joints with CHS chord
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26
ISO 14346:2013(E)
Z !P
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p
2
Fi ⎛M ⎞ M
+⎜
ip,i ⎟ + op,i ≤ 1, 0
* ⎜ *
Fi ⎝ M ip,i ⎟ *
M op,
⎠ i
where
FiMi Mi
%
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Fi* M ip,
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13.2.3 Uniplanar joints with RHS chord
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where
FiMi Mi
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i M op,i
13.2.4 Uniplanar joints with CHS or RHS brace to I- or H-section chord
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where
Fi Mi
%
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Fi* M ip,

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i

ISO 14346:2013(E)
13.3 Uniplanar overlap joints with a CHS, RHS, I- or H-section chord

Q
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28
ISO 14346:2013(E)
13.4 Special uniplanar joints

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13.2 13.3

Ya jZ
a) b)
c) d)
Figure 8 — Special types of uniplanar joints
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a,P [/
or ['~
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ISO 14346:2013(E)
Z P Figure 8 bZ F1 sin θ 1 + F2 sin θ 2 ≤ Fi* sin θ i Fi*

a,P [/ or [' Fi* sin θ i
F1* sin θ 1 F2* sin θ 2 ~
Z P Figure 8 cZ F1 ≤ F1* F2 ≤ F2* F1* F2*

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>
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p
2 2
⎛ Fgap,0 ⎞ ⎛ Fs,gap,0 ⎞
⎜ ⎟ +⎜ ⎟ ≤ 1, 0
⎜ Fpl,0 ⎟ ⎜ Fs,pl,0 ⎟
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠
in which F8

? F
8

F8
? Fpl,0 = A0σ y0 ,
2A
F
8

Fs,pl,0 = 0, 58σ y0 0
π
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p
2
*
⎛ Fs,gap,0 ⎞
Fs,gap,0 ≤ Fs,pl,0 = 0, 58σ y 0 As and Fgap,0 ≤ Fgap,0 = ( A0 − As )σ y0 + Asσ y0 1−⎜ ⎟
⎜ Fs,pl,0 ⎟
⎝ ⎠
in which As is given in ['Q+" P
[..!,+,
P

13.5 Multiplanar joints
13.5.1 Multiplanar joints with CHS chord
> P
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13.2.1 13.2.2

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13.5.2 Multiplanar joints with RHS chord
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13.2.1 13.2.3

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14 Design resistance of uniplanar CHS braces to CHS chord joints
14.1 Design axial resistance

[
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%+" %+"P

[/.
30
ISO 14346:2013(E)
Table 2 — Design axial resistance of uniplanar CHS braces to CHS chord joints
Limit state Axially loaded joints with CHS braces and chord
σ y0t 02
;
Fi* = Q uQ f
sinθ i
Chord punching shear 1 + sinθ i

Fi* = 0,58σ y0 π d i t 0
(for d i ≤ d 0 − 2t 0 ) 2 sin 2 θ i
Function Qu
T- and Y-joints
See >.Z Figure 1 b) ( )
Qu = 2, 6 1 + 6, 8β 2 γ 0,2
X-joints ⎛ 1 + β ⎞ 0,15
See Figure 1 c) Q u = 2, 6 ⎜ ⎟γ
⎝ 1 − 0, 7 β ⎠
Gap K-joints ⎡ ⎤
See Figure 1 h) ( )
Qu = 1, 65 1 + 8β 1,6 γ 0,3 ⎢1 +
1
⎥
⎢⎣ 1, 2 + ( g / t 0 )0,8 ⎥⎦
Function Qf
F0 M0
Q f = (1 − n )C 1 n= +
Fpl,0 M pl,0
Chord compression stress (n < 0) Chord tension stress (n8Z

T-, Y- and
C1q8B&y8/&
X-joints C1q8/8
Gap K-joints C1q8/&
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Range of validity
0, 2 ≤ d i /d 0 ≤ 1, 0 e/d 0 ≤ 0, 25 g ≥ t1 + t2
General
θ i ≥ 30° σ yi ≤ σ y0 σ y ≤ 0, 8σ u
Compression
./b d 0 /t 0 ≤ 50 Ya,P
p d 0 /t 0 ≤ 40 )
CHS chord
Tension d 0 /t 0 ≤ 50 Ya,P
p d 0 /t 0 ≤ 40 )
Compression
./ d i /t i ≤ 50
CHS braces
Tension d i /t i ≤ 50
>a,P
cosθ 1 > β

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Hk.GGK,.,.p/88&[4] 5.5).
14.2 Design moment resistance

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[K.

ISO 14346:2013(E)
Table 3 — Design moment resistance of uniplanar CHS braces to CHS chord joints
Limit state Joints with CHS braces and chord
σ y0t 02
;
M 1* = Q uQ f d1
sinθ 1
kb
M 1* = 0,58σ y0d 12t 0
sinθ 1
Chord punching shear
(for d 1 ≤ d 0 − 2t 0 ) Brace in-plane bending Brace out-of-plane bending
1 + 3sinθ 1 3 + sinθ 1
kb = kb =
4 sinθ 1 4 sinθ 1
Function Qu
Brace in-plane bending Brace out-of-plane bending
See Figure 1 f) See Figure 1 g)
⎛ 1 + β ⎞ 0,15
T-, Y-, X- and gap K-joints Q u = 4,3βγ 0,5 Q u = 1, 3 ⎜ ⎟γ
⎝ 1 − 0, 7 β ⎠
Function Qf "
[/
Range of validity "
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15 Design resistance of uniplanar gusset plates, I- or H-section braces or RHS

braces to CHS chord joints
[

%+"P

[B.
Table 4 — Design resistance of uniplanar gusset plates, I- or H-section braces or RHS braces to
CHS chord joints
Limit state Brace axial load Brace bending moment
σ y0t 02 σ y0t 02
;
F1* = Q uQ f M 1* = Q ubQ f h1
sinθ 1 sinθ 1
F1 M ip,1 M op,1 t
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I-section with /Y? + + ≤ 0,58σ y0 0
,, Z Q+" A1 Wel,ip,1 Wel,op,1 t1
Chord punching shear
(for b1 ≤ d 0 − 2t 0 )
F1 M ip,1 M op,1 t

+ + ≤ 1,16σ y0 0
A1 Wel,ip,1 Wel,op,1 t1
Function Qu Function Qub in terms of Qu

Brace in-plane Brace out-of-
CHS chord with Brace axial load
bending plane bending
Transverse plate
See >/)
T ( )
Q u = 2, 2 1 + 6, 8β 2 γ 0,2 Q ub = 0 Q ub = 0,5Q u
b1
h1
⎛ 1 + β ⎞ 0,15 b1
See Figure 2 b) X Q u = 2, 2⎜ ⎟γ Q ub = 0 Q ub = 0,5Q u
⎝ 1 − 0, 7 β ⎠ h1
32
ISO 14346:2013(E)
Table 4 (continued)
Longitudinal plateb T
See Figure 2 c) Q u = 5(1 + 0, 4η ) Q ub = 0, 8Q u Q ub = 0
See Figure 2 d) X
I-section or RHS
See >K) or Figure 3 c)
T ( )
Q u = 2, 2 1 + 6, 8β 2 (1 + 0, 4η ) γ 0,2 Q ub =
Qu
(1 + 0, 4η )
Q ub = 0,5Q u
b1
h1
⎛ 1+ β ⎞ Qu b1
⎟ (1 + 0, 4η ) γ Q ub =
0,15
See Figure 3 b) or Figure 3 d) X Q u = 2, 2⎜ Q ub = 0,5Q u
⎝ 1 − 0, 7 β ⎠ (1 + 0, 4η ) h1
Function Qf
F0 M0
Q f = (1 − n )C 1 n= +
Fpl,0 M pl,0
Brace axial load/Brace in-plane bending and out-of-plane bending

All joints C1q8/& C1q8/8
Range of validity
General "
[/

Compression class 1 or 2 and b1 /t 1 ≤ 40 and h1 /t 1 ≤ 40
RHS braces
Tension b1 /t 1 ≤ 40 and h1 /t 1 ≤ 40
Compression
./
I-section braces
Tension none
Transverse plate b1 /d 0 ≥ 0, 4
Longitudinal plate 1 ≤ h1 /d 0 ≤ 4
[

\
p
a,P

1G8~
a,P
Q+"!,

1 > h1]d0.
b >

1

16 Design resistance of multiplanar joints with CHS chord

[

P

given in [&

P
[/ \ P
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

ISO 14346:2013(E)
Table 5 — Multiplanar factors for multiplanar CHS joints

Multiplanar factor
Type of joint

TT-joints
See >.P) q.8
V.

F
μ = 1 + 0,35 2
XX-joints F1
See Figure 1 l) k#[H [\
F1 F2 with
V
. /
- |F1F2~F2]F1

sion

-
sion
q.8
> P
,

\

KK-joints 2 2
See Figure 1 n) ⎛ Fgap,0 ⎞ ⎛ Fs,gap,0 ⎞
⎜ ⎟ +⎜ ⎟ ≤ 1, 0
V
.

/ ⎜ Fpl,0 ⎟ ⎜ Fs,pl,0 ⎟
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠

2 A0
with Fpl,0 = A0σ y0 Fs,pl,0 = 0,58σ y0
π
17 Design resistance of uniplanar RHS braces or CHS braces to RHS chord joints

[
?

Q+"%+"
Q+" P

using ['.
Table 6 — Design resistance of uniplanar RHS braces or CHS braces to RHS chord joints
Limit state Axially loaded uniplanar joints with RHS chord

;
Y\ σ y0t 02

j,P
~ Fi* = Q uQ f
[,`, a,P
sinθ i
8X&Z
Local yielding of brace Fi* = σ yi t i A b,eff.
Chord punching shear 0,58σ y0t 0

(for b1 ≤ b0 − 2t 0 ) Fi* = A p,eff.
sinθ i
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
34
ISO 14346:2013(E)
Table 6 (continued)
0,58σ y0 As
Chord shear Fi* =
sinθ i
Y\
j,P
~
2
a,P

*
⎛ Fs,gap,0 ⎞
cos 1 > h1]h0) Fgap,0 = ( A0 − As )σ y0 + Asσ y0 1 − ⎜ ⎟
⎜ Fs,pl,0 ⎟
⎝ ⎠
Chord side wall failure σ kt 0

Y[,`, a,P
Fi* = bw Q f
sinθ i
with q.8Z
Function Qu
T-, Y- and X-joints 2η 4
See >.ZFig- Qu = +
(1 − β )sinθ 1 1− β
ure 1 bZ Figure 1 c)
Gap K-joints
Q u = 14βγ 0,3
See Figure 1 h)
Function Qf
F0 M0
Q f = (1 − n )C1 n= +
Fpl,0 M pl,0

T-, Y- and X-joints C1q8'y8&
C1q8.8
Gap K-joints C1q8&y8& 8.8
Factors
A b,eff. and A p,eff. A b,eff. A p,eff.
⎛ 2h1 ⎞
T-, Y- and X-joints A b,eff. = ( 2h1 + 2be − 4t 1 ) A p,eff. = ⎜ + 2be,p ⎟
⎝ sin θ 1 ⎠
⎛ 2hi ⎞
Gap K-joints A b,eff. = ( 2hi + bi + be − 4t i ) A p,eff. = ⎜ + bi + be,p ⎟
⎝ sin θ i ⎠
⎛ 10 ⎞ ⎛ σ y 0t 0 ⎞ ⎛ 10 ⎞
be = ⎜ ⎟ ⎜⎜ ⎟ bi but ≤ b i
⎟
be,p = ⎜ ⎟ bi but ≤ b i
⎝ b0 /t 0 ⎠ ⎝ σ yi t i ⎠ ⎝ b0 /t 0 ⎠
As and F
8 Fs,pl,0 = 0,58σ y0 As
T-, Y- and X-joints As = 2h0t 0
As = 2h0t 0 + α b0t 0
RHS braces CHS braces

Gap K-joints
1
α= α =0
1 + (4 g 2 )/(3t 02 )
bw q.8 8X&.8
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

ISO 14346:2013(E)
Table 6 (continued)

-
⎛ 2h1 ⎞
q8X&
T-, Y- and X-joints bw = ⎜ + 10t 0 ⎟
⎝ sin θ 1 ⎠

q.8
Gap K-joints k]
k Brace tension Brace compression
T- and Y-joints X-joints
σ k = χσ y0 σ k = 0, 8 χσ y0 sin θ 1
σ k = σ y0 where

\ H K

\
-
⎛h ⎞ 1
ness λ = 3, 46 ⎜ 0 − 2 ⎟
t
⎝ 0 ⎠ sin θ1
T-, Y-, X-, and gap >%+"

]BY?

K-joints with CHS brace Z bi hidi (iq./Z
Range of validity
T-, Y- or X-joints Gap K-joints
RHS braces bi /b0 ≥ 0, 1 + 0, 01b0 /t 0 but ≥ 0,25

Brace-to-chord
ratio
CHS braces d i /b0 ≥ 0, 1 + 0, 01b0 /t 0 and 0,25 ≤ d i /b0 ≤ 0, 80
Compression
./ and b0 /t 0 ≤ 40 and h0 /t 0 ≤ 40

RHS chord
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Tension b0 /t 0 ≤ 40 and h0 /t 0 ≤ 40
Compression
./ and bi /t i ≤ 40 and hi /t i ≤ 40

RHS braces
Tension bi /t i ≤ 40 and hi /t i ≤ 40
Compression
./ and d i /t i ≤ 50
CHS braces
0,5(1 − β ) ≤ g/b0 ≤ 1,5(1 − β ) a

Gap k]
and g ≥ t 1 + t 2
Eccentricity k] e ≤ 0, 25h0
Aspect ratio 0, 5 ≤ hi /bi ≤ 2, 0
Brace angle θ i ≥ 30 D
Yield stress σ yi ≤ σ y0 and σ y ≤ 0, 8σ u
For g / b0 > 1, 5(1 − β ) \ P

[,`,P


[

Q+"
Q+" P

[C.
36
ISO 14346:2013(E)
Table 7 — Design moment resistance of uniplanar RHS braces to RHS chord joints
T- and X-joints (1qG8Z
Limit state
Brace in-plane bending Brace out-of-plane bendingb
See Figure 1 f) See Figure 1 g)
*
;
M ip,1 = Q uQ f σ y0t 02 h1 *
M op,1 = Q uQ f σ y0t 02 b1
(for 8X&Z
= σ y1[Wpl,1 − 0, 5t 1 ( b1 − be ) ]
* be * 2
Local yielding of brace M ip,1 = σ y1[Wpl,1 − (1 − ) b1 (h1 − t 1 ) t 1 ] M op,1
Y8X&.8Z b1
Chord side wall failure *

M ip,1 = 0,5σ k t 0 ( h1 + 5t 0 ) Q f
2 *
M op,1 = σ k t 0 ( b0 − t 0 ) ( h1 + 5t 0 ) Q f
(for q.8c)
Function Qu Brace in-plane bending Brace out-of-plane bending
⎛ 1 2 η ⎞ ⎡ h (1+ β ) 2(1+ β ) ⎤
Qu = ⎜ + + ⎟ Qu = ⎢ 1 + ⎥
⎜ 2η 1− β 1 −β ⎟ ⎢⎣ 1
2b (1− β ) β (1− β ) ⎥⎦
⎝ ⎠
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Function Qf Same as in Table 6

⎛ 10 ⎞ ⎛ σ y0t 0 ⎞
be be = ⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟ b1 but ≤ b1
⎝ b 0 /t 0 ⎠ ⎜⎝ σ y1t 1 ⎟⎠
k Brace in-plane bending Brace out-of-plane bending
T- and Y-joints X-joints T- and Y-joints X-joints
σ k = σ y0 σ k = 0, 8 χσ y0 σ k = χσ y0 σ k = 0, 8 χσ y0
where
\ H KY

EN 1993-1-1[4]Z
\

⎛h ⎞
λ = 3, 46 ⎜ 0 − 2 ⎟
⎝ t0 ⎠
Range of validity "
[' 1G8Y
Z
[

1G8
b %
,,
c >8X&.8

q8X&

q.8
18 Design resistance of uniplanar SHS or CHS braces to SHS chord joints

[
?

"+" %+" "+" P

[X[

['.
ISO 14346:2013(E)
Table 8 — Design resistance of uniplanar SHS or CHS braces to SHS chord joints
Limit state Axially loaded uniplanar joints with SHS chord
σ y0t 02
;
Fi* = Q uQ f
sinθ i
Function Qu
T-, Y- and X-joints 2η 4
See >.ZFigure 1 bZ Qu = +
(1 − β )sinθ 1 1− β
Figure 1 c)
Gap K-joints
Q u = 14βγ 0,3
See Figure 1 h)
Function Qf "
['
T-, Y-, X-, and gap K-joints >%+"

]B bi hidi
with CHS brace (iq./Z
Range of validity
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
General "
['

T-, Y- and X-joints b1 /b0 ≤ 0, 85
SHS braces
Gap K-joints 0, 6 ≤ (b1 + b2 )/(2bi ) ≤ 1,3 b0 /t 0 ≥ 15
CHS braces Gap K-joints 0, 6 ≤ (d 1 + d 2 )/(2d i ) ≤ 1,3 b0 /t 0 ≥ 15

[

"+" "+" P

[C with hi = bi h0 = b0.
19 Design resistance of uniplanar gusset plate to RHS joints

[
?

Q+"P

[G.
Table 9 — Design axial resistance of uniplanar gusset plate to RHS joints
Type of joint Limit state

T- and X-joints — transverse ;
Y8B8X&Z
plate
2 + 2, 8β
See Figure 2 eZ Figure 2 f) F1* = σ y0t 02 Qf
1 − 0, 9β
Local yielding of plateY)

F1* = σ y1 t 1 be
Chord punching shearY8X&b0b1b0y/t0)
(
F1* = 0,58σ y0t 0 2t 1 + 2be,p )
Chord side wall failure (for .8)
F1* = σ y0t 0 ( 2t 1 + 10t 0 ) Q f
38
ISO 14346:2013(E)
Table 9 (continued)
Type of joint Limit state
T- and X-joints — longitudinal ;
plate
⎛ t ⎞
See Figure 2 gZ Figure 2 h) F1* = 2σ y0t 02 ⎜η + 2 1 − 1 ⎟ Q f
⎜ b ⎟
⎝ 0 ⎠
T-joints — longitudinal ;
through plate
⎛ t ⎞
See Figure 2 i) F1* = 4σ y0t 02 ⎜η + 2 1 − 1 ⎟ Q f
⎜ b0 ⎟⎠
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
⎝
Function Qf
F0 M0
Q f = (1 − n )C1 n= +
Fpl,0 M pl,0

Transverse plate C1q88K 8.8
C1q8.8
Longitudinal plate C1q8/8
Factors
⎛ 10 ⎞ ⎛ σ y0t 0 ⎞ ⎛ 10 ⎞
be and b be = ⎜ ⎟ ⎜⎜ ⎟ b1 but ≤ b1
⎟
be,p = ⎜ ⎟ b1 but ≤ b1
⎝ b 0 /t 0 ⎠ ⎝ σ y1t 1 ⎠ ⎝ b 0 /t 0 ⎠
Range of validity
Compression
./ and b0 /t 0 ≤ 40 and h0 /t 0 ≤ 40
RHS chord Tension b0 /t 0 ≤ 40 and h0 /t 0 ≤ 40
Aspect ratio 0, 5 ≤ h0 /b0 ≤ 2, 0
Transverse plate b1 /b0 ≥ 0, 4
Longitudinal plate 1 ≤ h1 /b0 ≤ 4
Plate angle θ 1 ≈ 90 D
Yield stress σ y1 ≤ σ y0 and σ y ≤ 0, 8σ u
>8X&.8

q8X&

q.8
20 Design resistance of multiplanar joints with RHS chord

[

P

given in [.8

P
[' \ P

ISO 14346:2013(E)
Table 10 — Multiplanar factors for multiplanar RHS joints
Multiplanar factor
Type of joint

TT-joints
See Figure 1 k) q.8
V.

F
μ = 1 + 0, 35 2 ≤ 1, 0 for 8X&
XX-joints F1
See Figure 1 m)
k#[H [\
F1 F2 with
V
. /
-
|F1F2~F2]F1

sion.

-
sion.
q.8
> P
,

\

KK-joints 2 2
⎛ Fgap,0 ⎞ ⎛ 0,71Fs,gap,0 ⎞
See Figure 1 o) ⎜ ⎟ +⎜ ⎟ ≤ 1, 0
V
.

/ ⎜ Fpl,0 ⎟ ⎜ Fs,pl,0 ⎟
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠

with
Fpl,0 = A0σ y0
Fs,pl,0 = 0,58σ y0 ( 0,5 A0 )
"+"
"
['
Range of validity
φ ≈ 90 D
21 Design resistance of uniplanar CHS or RHS braces to I- or H-section chord joints

[
?

%+" Q+"
!, +,
P

determined using [...
Table 11 — Design axial resistance of uniplanar CHS or RHS braces to I- or H-section chord joints
Limit state T-, Y-, X-, and gap K-joints

See >BZ Figure 4 b)
Local yielding of Fi* = 2σ yi t i be
brace
σ y0t w bw
Chord web failure Fi* =
sinθ i
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
40
ISO 14346:2013(E)
Table 11 (continued)
0,58σ y0 As
Fi* =
sinθ i
Chord shear
2
*
⎛ Fs,gap,0 ⎞
Fgap,0 = ( A0 − As )σ y0 + Asσ y0 1 − ⎜ ⎟
⎜ Fs,pl,0 ⎟
⎝ ⎠
Factors
RHS braces CHS braces
σ y0 σ y0
be = t w + 2r + 7t 0 but be = t w + 2r + 7t 0 but
be σ yi σ yi
be ≤ bi + hi − 2t i be ≤ 0, 5π ( d i − t i )
di
+ 5 (t 0 + r ) but
hi
bw = + 5( t 0 + r ) but bw =
sinθ i sin θ i
bw
2t i 2t i
bw ≤ + 10 ( t 0 + r ) bw ≤ + 10 (t 0 + r )
sinθ i sin θ i
As As = A0 − (2 − α ) b0t 0 + (t w + 2r ) t 0
1
α= α =0
1 + (4 g 2 )/(3t 02 )
F
8 Fs,pl,0 = 0,58σ y0 As
Range of validity
X joints T- and Y-joints Gap K-joints
Flange
./
I- or H-section Compression
.
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Web
./ dwB88
chord dwB88
Tension none
Compression
.
CHS braces
Compression
.
Tension bi /t i ≤ 40 and hi /t i ≤ 40
RHS braces
Aspect ratio 0,5 ≤ hi /bi ≤ 2, 0
Gap k] g ≥ t1 + t2
Eccentricity k] e ≤ 0, 25h0
Brace angle θ i ≥ 30 D
Yield stress σ yi ≤ σ y0 and σ y ≤ 0, 8σ u

ISO 14346:2013(E)

[

Q+"
Y
Z !,+,
P

determined using [./.
Table 12 — Design moment resistance of uniplanar RHS braces (beams)

to I- or H-section chord joints
T-joints
Limit state
See Figure 4 d)
*
M ip,1 = σ y1 t 1 be hz
Local yielding of brace
where h

Q+"YZ
*
Chord web failure M ip,1 = 0,5σ y0t w bw (h1 − t 1 )
Factors
be bw
σ y0
be = t w + 2r + 7t 0 but ≤ b1 + h1 − 2t 1 bw = h1 + 5(t 0 + r ) but ≤ 2t 1 + 10(t 0 + r )
σ y1
Range of validity "

[.. 1G8
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
22 Design resistance of uniplanar overlap joints with a CHS, RHS, I- or H-section

chord
[
?

P
%+"Q+"!,+,

determined using [.K [.BH
YbeibPb deidPd) used in
[
.K 14[.&.
Table 13 — Design axial resistance of uniplanar overlap joints

with a CHS, RHS, I- or H-section chord
Limit state Axially loaded overlap joints

Local yielding of overlapping Fi* = σ yi t i A b,eff.
brace
c
⎛ F0 ⎞ M0 cq.C%+"
Local chord member yielding ⎜ ⎟ + ≤ 1, 0
⎜ Fpl,0 ⎟ M cq.8Q+"!,

⎝ ⎠ pl,0
Brace shear
Fi cosθ i + F j cosθ j ≤ Fs* (see [.B)
(for O < O v.88^Z
A b,eff.
CHS braces RHS braces

See Figure 4 c)
⎛O ⎞
/&^O v&8^ A b,eff. = ⎜ v ⎟ 2hi + bei + be,ov − 4t i
π
A b,eff. (
= 2d i + d ei + d e,ov − 4t i
4
) ⎝ 50 ⎠
&8^Ov.88^ A b,eff. = 2hi + bei + be,ov − 4t i
42
ISO 14346:2013(E)
π
O vq.88^ A b,eff. =
4
(
2d i + 2d e,ov − 4t i ) A b,eff. = 2hi + bi + be,ov − 4t i
[Y

Z -
General note
j
? i
Range of validity
d i d 0 and d j d 0 ≥ 0, 20 θ i and θ j ≥ 30° O v ≥ 25 %

d i /d j ≥ 0,75 t i and t j ≤ t 0
General bi b0 and b j b0 ≥ 0, 25 σ yi and σ yj ≤ σ y0
bi /b j ≥ 0,75 ti ≤ t j
d i b0 and d j b0 ≥ 0, 25 σ y ≤ 0, 8σ u
Compression
./ d 0 /t 0 ≤ 50
CHS
Tension d 0 /t 0 ≤ 50
Compression
./ and b0 /t 0 ≤ 40 and h0 /t 0 ≤ 40
Chord RHS Tension b0 /t 0 ≤ 40 and h0 /t 0 ≤ 40
Aspect ratio 0,5 ≤ h0 /b0 ≤ 2, 0
Flange
./
I- or
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Compression
H-sec- Web
./ dwB88
tion
Tension none
CHS or RHS chord I- or H-section chord
Compression
./ d 1 /t 1 ≤ 50
.
CHS
Tension d 2 /t 2 ≤ 50

./
Compression
.
Braces b1 /t 1 ≤ 40 and h1 /t 1 ≤ 40
RHS Tension b2 /t 2 ≤ 40 and h2 /t 2 ≤ 40
0,5 ≤ hi /bi ≤ 2, 0 and hi /bi = 1, 0 and

Aspect ratio
0,5 ≤ h j /b j ≤ 2, 0 h j /b j = 1, 0
O q'8^

~O qX8^

ISO 14346:2013(E)
Table 14 — Design brace shear resistance of uniplanar overlap joints

with a CHS, RHS or I-section chord
Fs* for brace shear criterionY \ O < Ov.88^Z
⎧ ⎡⎛ 100 − O v ⎞ ⎤ ⎫
⎪ ⎢⎜ ⎟ 2d i + d ei ⎥ t i ⎪
* π⎪
Fs = ⎨0,58σ ui ⎣⎝ 100 ⎠ ⎦ + 0,58σ (2d j + c s d ej )t j ⎪
O < O v.88^ uj ⎬
4⎪ sinθ i sinθ j ⎪
CHS braces ⎪ ⎪
⎩ ⎭
π (3d j + d ej )t j
O vq.88^ Fs* = 0,58σ uj
4 sinθ j
⎡⎛ 100 − O v ⎞ ⎤
⎢⎜ ⎟ 2hi + bei ⎥ t i
O < O v.88^ Fs* = 0,58σ ui ⎣⎝ 100 ⎠ ⎦ + 0,58σ (2h j + c s bej )t j
uj
sinθ i sinθ j
RHS braces
Fs* = 0,58σ uj
(2h j + b j + bej )t j
O vq.88^
sinθ j
O q'8^ csq.

~O qX8^ csq/

!
P
hi < bi ]hP < bP

checked.
Table 15 — Effective width factors (beibejb, and deidejd) used in Tables 13 and 14
--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Factors for CHS braces to CHS chords

CHS braces
Overlapping CHS brace to CHS chord
⎛ 12 ⎞ ⎛ σ y0t 0 ⎞
d ei = ⎜ ⎟ ⎜⎜ ⎟ d i but ≤ d i
⎟
⎝ d 0 /t 0 ⎠ ⎝ σ yi t i ⎠
Overlapped CHS brace to CHS chord
⎛ 12 ⎞ ⎛ σ y0t 0 ⎞
d ej = ⎜ ⎟ ⎜⎜ ⎟ d j but ≤ d j
⎟
⎝ d 0 /t 0 ⎠ ⎝ σ yj t j ⎠
Overlapping CHS brace to overlapped CHS brace
⎛ 12 ⎞ ⎛ σ yj t j ⎞
d e,ov = ⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟ d i but ≤ d i
⎜ d j /t j ⎟ ⎜ σ yi t i ⎟
⎝ ⎠⎝ ⎠
Factors for CHS or RHS braces to RHS chords
Overlapping CHS brace to RHS chord Overlapping RHS brace to RHS chord
⎛ 10 ⎞ ⎛ σ y0t 0 ⎞ ⎛ 10 ⎞ ⎛ σ y0t 0 ⎞
d ei = ⎜ ⎟ ⎜⎜ ⎟ d i but ≤ d i
⎟
bei = ⎜ ⎟ ⎜⎜ ⎟ bi but ≤ bi
⎟
⎝ b0 /t 0 ⎠ ⎝ σ yi t i ⎠ ⎝ b0 /t 0 ⎠ ⎝ σ yi t i ⎠
Overlapped CHS brace to RHS chord Overlapped RHS brace to RHS chord
⎛ 10 ⎞ ⎛ σ y0t 0 ⎞ ⎛ 10 ⎞ ⎛ σ y0t 0 ⎞
d ej = ⎜ ⎟ ⎜⎜ ⎟ d j but ≤ d j
⎟
bej = ⎜ ⎟ ⎜⎜ ⎟ b j but ≤ b j
⎟
⎝ b0 /t 0 ⎠ ⎝ σ yj t j ⎠ ⎝ b0 /t 0 ⎠ ⎝ σ yj t j ⎠
44
ISO 14346:2013(E)
Overlapping CHS brace to overlapped CHS brace Overlapping RHS brace to overlapped RHS brace
⎛ 12 ⎞ ⎛ σ yj t j ⎞ ⎛ 10 ⎞ ⎛ σ yj t j ⎞
d e,ov = ⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟ d i but ≤ d i be,ov = ⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟ bi but ≤ bi
⎜ d j /t j ⎟ ⎜ σ yi t i ⎟ ⎜ b j /t j ⎟ ⎜ σ yi t i ⎟
⎝ ⎠⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠⎝ ⎠
Factors for CHS or RHS braces to I-section chords
Overlapping CHS brace to I-section chord Overlapping RHS brace to I-section chord
σ y0 σ y0
d ei = t w + 2r + 7t 0 but ≤ d i bei = t w + 2r + 7t 0 but ≤ bi
σ yi σ yi
Overlapped CHS brace to I-section chord Overlapped RHS brace to I-section chord
σ y0 σ y0
d ej = t w + 2r + 7t 0 but ≤ d j bej = t w + 2r + 7t 0 but ≤ b j
σ yj σ yj
Overlapping CHS brace to overlapped CHS brace Overlapping RHS brace to overlapped RHS brace
⎛ 12 ⎞ ⎛ σ yjt j ⎞ ⎛ 10 ⎞ ⎛ σ yjt j ⎞
d e,ov = ⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟ d i but ≤ d i be,ov = ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟ bi but ≤ bi
⎜ d j /t j ⎟ ⎜ σ yit i ⎟ ⎜ b j /t j ⎟ ⎜ σ yit i ⎟
⎝ ⎠⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠
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Copyright International Organization for Standardization© ISO 2013 – All rights reserved 45
ISO 14346:2013(E)
Annex A
Y Z
Quality requirements for hollow sections
A.1 [

\

\

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A.2 >"+" Q+" ,

[.

?
YroZ

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Figure A.1!

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Key

Figure A.1 — Distance between the longitudinal seam and

the tangent point to the external corner radius
A.3 >"+" Q+"

Y

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[

,

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46
ISO 14346:2013(E)
Table A.1 — Conditions for welding in the cold-formed zone and

adjacent material for SHS and RHS
External corner radius
External corner radius
,\
and
RHS thickness ,\

%8.X^
88/^
mm Y88/^
Z

"88./^
ro
ro
/&t' /8t .'t
6 < t.8 /&t /8t
10 < t./ K8t /Bt (up to tq./&Z
12 < t/B B8t k]
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ISO 14346:2013(E)
Annex B
Y Z
Weld details
B.1 H? j, k,P

Y
%
//

Z

,

B.2 Q

!"#&X.C[24]
B.3 _

p
Z

\ P

~
Z

B.4 >
p
Z

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Z

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Z

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P

crown heel regions.
B.5 _

,

"

>..
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48
ISO 14346:2013(E)
Figure B.1 — Recommended weld start and stop positions
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ISO 14346:2013(E)
Annex C
Y Z
Partial safety factors on static strength
C.1 [

! "

P
[%..
C.2 [

YM) given in [%.?
the

"MYQ>MZM
? .]
.
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50
ISO 14346:2013(E)
Table C.1 — Partial safety factors on static strength

Partial safety
Type of joints Failure criteria Table factor
M
%+" %+" % ..
/ K
P

.8b

% ..

4
%+"P

.8b
!,+,Q+" % ..
4
%+"P

.8b
% Y[,`, a,P
Z .8b
% Yj, k,P
Z ..
" Ya,P
Z ./&
Q+"%+"
" Y[,`, a,P

Z ' C .8b
Q+" P
./&

%
.8b

./&
"+"%+" % Y[,`, a,P
Z .8b
8
"+" P
% Yj,P
Z ..
./&
%
Ya,P
Z ./&

%
Y
Z 9 .8b
Q+"P

./&
% .8b
% .8b
%+"Q+"
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.. ./ ./&
P
%
.8b
./&
P
% .K .B .8

..
The M
beb b.
b [
Mq.8

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ISO 14346:2013(E)
Bibliography
[1] AISC. !!%

!p !
" %
/888 Y /8./,..,./Z p p]]

]M>].XC
/ k"!]!"%K'8,.8"!!#!Y /8./,..,./Z p
p]]
]_\]

? q/'&.'
K _"M..]M..Vp/8.8Structural welding code — Steel
B Hk.GGK,.,.Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures — Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings
& Hk.GGK,.,XEurocode 3: Design of steel structures — Part 1-8: Design of joints
' Hk .8/.8,/ $ !! %& ' + ,.
Tolerances, dimensions and sectional properties
C Hk.8/.G,/02!!%&'+
,.452
X M M_ `
k"\j\¡\ Design guide for fabrication,
assembly and erection of hollow section structures.%p[¢Q .GGXYCIDECT
Series: Construction with hollow steel sectionsCZ
[9] D£¤¤¥ D. Structures with hollow sectionsM
pH
¦"/888
.8 !!_a,BG.,X.Design recommendations for hollow section joints — Predominantly statically loaded
.. !!_a,C8.,XGDesign recommendations for hollow section joints — Predominantly statically loaded
./ !!_a,.B8/,./Static design procedure for welded hollow section joints — Recommendations
.K j`\ _ `
kDesign guide for structural hollow section column
connections%p[¢Q /88BYCIDECT Series: Construction with hollow steel
sectionsGZ
[14] M¥§¨ª¥«« P.W. Design of welded tubular connections — Basis and use of AWS code provisions.

pH
.GG/
[15] P¥®¯§ ¦+¯°±¯§¨²° HHollow structural section connections and trusses — A design guide.
[ #kp% !
" %
" H .GGC
.' \ "MQVHollow structural section connections.%!p
!
" %
/8.8YSteel Design Guidek/BZ
.C \ _ ³a 7 j`Design guide for rectangular
hollow section (RHS) joints under predominantly static loading7p%!MH%[" H
2009. (CIDECT Series: Construction with hollow steel sectionsKZ
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.X " \7´\M> V\ , Q+"

from S1100. In: Proceedings of 11th International Symposium on Tubular Structures µ¶
% /88'.BC·.&/
[19] W¥§±¯°¸¯§ Hollow section jointsM

M .GX/
/8 _ j`\ 7 ³aDesign guide for circular hollow
section (CHS) joints under predominantly static loading 7p %!MH%[ " H /88X
(CIDECT Series: Construction with hollow steel sections.Z
52
ISO 14346:2013(E)
[21] W¥§±¯°¸¯§ ¥®¯§ ³ª¥²a¥°±¯§¯¹¤¯7 Hollow sections in structural applications.

7p%!MH%[" H /8.8
// ³ a _ \ 7 k !!_ Y/88XZ

P
!p+7,9"&2!2
Tubular Structures"%/88X/'.,/C8
/K ³ª¥² a _¸«®¸°¨²° [ +¥°²® 7 Cold-formed tubular members and connections #? p
H
/88&
/B !"#&X.CWelding — Fusion-welded joints in steel, nickel, titanium and their alloys (beam welding
excluded) — Quality levels for imperfections
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ISO 14346:2013(E)
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INTERNATIONAL ISO

Static design procedure for

Copyright International Organization for Standardization © ISO 2013

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT

© ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

Annex B Y  Z Weld details....................................................................................................................................................................48

 Y!H%Z    

© ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

Copyright International Organization for Standardization

Static design procedure for welded hollow-section joints —

      ?     

       Z 

 %+" , , \

© ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

     P  P

4 Symbols and abbreviated terms

be      Q+"   

bei      Q+"        

bej       Q+"        

b       Q+"          

bi   ,,   Q+"!,+,  i (iq8./Z

bw        !,+,

c     [ .K

dei      %+"        

dej       %+"        

d       %+"          

di    %+"  i (iq8./Z

e      P 

F? ?    

F8 ?     

hi  ,   Q+"!,+,

  /  

kb    [ K

          Y Z

        

© ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

n    

O    

Qub   

            

F      

i        i   Yiq./Z

  i (iq8./Z

© ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

     Z!       e ?

© ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

d) Y-joint (CHS chord) with brace in-plane bending

e) Y-joint (CHS chord) with brace out-of-plane bending

f) Y-joint (RHS chord) with brace in-plane bending

g) Y-joint (RHS chord) with brace out-of-plane bending

© ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

© ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

Provided by IHS under license with ISO

n) CHS gap KK-joint

o) RHS gap KK-joint

Figure 1 — Joints between hollow sections

   , 

a) T-joint — transverse plate to CHS

b) X-joint — transverse plate to CHS

© ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

c) T-joint — longitudinal plate to CHS

d) X-joint — longitudinal plate to CHS

e) T-joint — transverse plate to RHS

Annex B Y Z Weld details....................................................................................................................................................................48

Y!H%Z

?

Z

%+" , , \

P P

be Q+"

bei Q+"

bej Q+"

b Q+"

bi ,, Q+"!,+,i (iq8./Z

bw !,+,

c [.K

dei %+"

dej %+"

d %+"

di %+"i (iq8./Z

e P

F? ?

F8 ?

hi , Q+"!,+,

/

kb [K

YZ

n

O

Qub

F

i i Yiq./Z

i (iq8./Z

Z! e?

,

ti .8 88& !

n .8 88& !

..X 88C& !

10.1 [

12.1.2 "

Z ,P

12.1.3 Q

12.1.4 #

Fi* M ip,

O qX8^

Z P >XZ F1 ≤ F1* F1*

Chord compression stress (n < 0) Chord tension stress (n8Z

H KY

Y\ σ y0t 02

Chord compression stress (n < 0) Chord tension stress (n8Z