Modals

Modals berfungsi untuk membantu kata kerja atau melengkapi verb

sehingga arti sesungguhnya dapat dimengerti. Walaupun kata modal berada
di depan kata kerja, pemakaian modals dalam Bahasa inggris tidak akan
mengubah grammar atau bentuk bahasanya.
Simple Past Arti
Can Could Bisa
Will Would Akan
Shall Should Akan
May Might Boleh/Mungkin
Must Had to Harus/Pasti
Harus/Sebaikny
Should -
a
Harus/Sebaikny
Ought to -
a

❖ Formula
(+) S + Modal + Verb 1
(-) S + Modal + Not + Verb 1
(?) Modal + Subject + Verb 1

1. Must/Had to
o Keharusan (strong obligation)
▪ You must pay these foods
▪ You must stop when the traffic lights turn red
▪ You had to keep this room tidy
▪ I had to pay all of these bills
o Prediksi yang logis/Keyakinan (logical conclusion/certainty)
▪ Since he doesn’t practice seriously. He must not win this
competition
 ▪ You must be sad after watching this video
▪ After running around the whole town, you must be so tired
now
2. Can/Could
o Kemampuan (ability)
▪ I can play piano
▪ I could swim when I was young
o Izin (permission)
▪ Can I use your phone please?
▪ Could you please lend me your laptop?
▪ You can use my bag
▪ She can borrow my textbook
o Kemungkinan (possibility)
▪ I can come to see you after test
▪ I could not visit my parents this week
3. May/Might
o Izin (permission)
▪ May I use your computer please?
▪ May I ask you some questions first?
▪ You may play with her now
▪ You might meet her
o Kemungkinan (possibility, probability)
▪ It may rain tomorrow
▪ He may be in trouble because of what happened yesterday
▪ She didn’t come to the party, it might be because she
doesn’t want to come
▪ I might go on holiday to Japan next year
4. Should/Ought to
o Keharusan (obligation 50%)
 ▪ I should/ought to see a doctor. I have a terrible headache
o Saran (advice)
▪ You should take a nap
o Prediksi yang logis (logical conclusion)
▪ He should/ought to be very tired. He’s been working all day
long
5. Must not
o Larangan (prohibition)
▪ You must not smoke in the hospital
▪ You must not be late
6. Shall
o Rencana (plan)
▪ I shall go to bed at 8
▪ We shall return the books this weekend
▪ I shall not text you tonight
▪ We shall not come to the party tonight
o Saran (advice)
▪ Shall I open the door? Someone is knocking the door
▪ It is too hot here. Shall I open the window?
▪ You shall ask me If I want this food
▪ You shall tell her about your disease
7. Will
o Rencana (plan)
▪ I will go to Bandung
▪ I will tell you about it later on
▪ Will you come to my birthday party?
o Kemauan (willingness)
▪ I will lend you the book
▪ Will you invite Sarah to your party?
 o Perkiraan (prediction)
▪ If it rains tonight, I will not come
▪ I will not come if the sun is too much
▪ My parents will buy a new house if they have sold the old
house
8. Would
o Rencana (plan)
▪ I would to visit Lombok last semester but I didn’t have
money
▪ I would go to your home last week but you were not home
▪ She would do that if she had money back then
▪ I would sleep last night, but it was too noisy
o Izin (permission)
▪ Would you please lend me your credit card?
▪ Would you please show me your ID card?
▪ Would you please let me do it by myself?
▪ Would you please tell when the train leaves?