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POST-TEST
GIT
Prepared By: Prof. EJ Flaminiano
May 2021 Philippine Nurse Licensure Examination Review
NAME:
b. Upper GI series
1. A male client with a recent history of rectal c. Hemoglobin and hematocrit
bleeding is being prepared for a colonoscopy. d. Arteriography
How should the nurse position the client for this 6. To prevent gastroesophageal reflux in a male
test initially? client with hiatal hernia, the nurse should
a. Lying on the right side with legs straight provide which discharge instruction?
b. Lying on the left side with knees bent a. Lie down after meals for digestion
c. Prone with the torso elevated b. Avoid coffee and alcohol
d. Bent over with hands touching the floor c. Take antacids with meals
2. The nurse is caring for a male client with d. Decrease OFI
cirrhosis. Which assessment findings indicate 7. What laboratory finding is relevant for
that the client has deficient vitamin K absorption pancreatitis?
caused by this hepatic disease? a. Elevated BUN
a. Dyspnea and fatigue b. Elevated serum lipase
b. Ascites and orthopnea c. Elevated LDL
c. Petechiae d. Elevated serum creatinine
d. Gynecomastia 8. A male client with cholelithiasis has a gallstone
3. A male client with pancreatitis complains of pain. lodged in the common bile duct. When assessing
The nurse expects the physician to prescribe this client, the nurse expects to note:
meperidine (Demerol) instead of morphine to a. Yellow sclera
relieve pain because: b. Light amber urine
a. Meperidine provides a better and c. Pallor
prolonged analgesic effect d. Black tarry stools
b. Morphine may cause spasm of the 9. Nurse Hannah is teaching a group of middle-
sphincter of oddi aged men about peptic ulcers. When discussing
c. Meperidine is less addictive risk factors for peptic ulcers, the nurse should
d. Morphine is hepatotoxic mention:
4. Mandy, an adolescent girl is admitted to an a. Sedentary lifestyle and smoking
acute care facility with severe malnutrition. After b. Hemorrhoids and smoking
a thorough examination, the physician diagnoses c. Alcohol abuse and history of Renal
anorexia nervosa. When developing the plan of failure
care for this client, the nurse is most likely to d. Alcohol abuse and smoking
include which nursing diagnosis? 10. While palpating a female client’s right upper
a. Hopelessness quadrant (RUQ), the nurse would expect to find
b. Powerlessness which of the following structures?
c. Low self esteem a. Sigmoid colon
d. Deficient knowledge b. Appendix
5. Which diagnostic test would be used first to c. Spleen
evaluate a client with upper GI bleeding? d. Liver
a. Endoscopy

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 11. A male client has undergone a colon resection.
While turning him, wound dehiscence with
evisceration occurs. The nurse’s first response is
to:
a. Call the physician
b. Place saline-soaked sterile dressing on
the wound
c. Take BP and pulse rate
d. Pull the dehiscence closed
12. A patient with chronic alcohol abuse is admitted
with liver failure. You closely monitor the
patient’s blood pressure because of which
change that is associated with the liver failure?
a. Hypoalbuminemia
b. Increased capillary permeability
c. Abnormal peripheral vasodilation
d. Excess renin release from the kidneys
13. You’re advising a 21 y.o. with a colostomy who
reports problems with flatus. What food should
you recommend?
a. Peas
b. Cabbage
c. Broccoli
d. Yougurt
14. You’re preparing a teaching plan for a 27 y.o.
named Jeff who underwent surgery to close a
temporary ileostomy. Which nutritional guideline
do you include in this plan?
a. There is no need to change eating
habits
b. Eat six small meals daily
c. Eat the largest meal per day
d. Restrict fluid intake
15. You’re caring for Beth who underwent a Billroth
II procedure (surgical removal of the pylorus
and duodenum) for treatment of a peptic ulcer.
Which findings suggest that the patient is
developing dumping syndrome, a complication
associated with this procedure?
a. Flushed, dry skin
b. Headache and bradycardia
c. Dizziness and sweating
d. Dyspnea and chest pain
16. You’re developing the plan of care for a patient
experiencing dumping syndrome after a Billroth
II procedure. Which dietary instructions do you
include?
a. Omit fluids with meal
b. Increase carbohydrate intake
c. Decrease protein intake
d. Decrease fat intake
17. You’re caring for Lewis, a 67 y.o. patient with
liver cirrhosis who developed ascites and
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requires paracentesis. Relief of which symptom
indicated that the paracentesis was effective?
a. Pruritus
b. Dyspnea
c. Jaundice
d. Peripheral neuropathy
18. You’re caring for Jane, a 57 y.o. patient with
liver cirrhosis who developed ascites and
requires paracentesis. Before her paracentesis,
you instruct her to:
a. Empty bladder
b. Lie supine in bed
c. Remain NPO 4 hours
d. Clear bowels with enema
19. After abdominal surgery, your patient has a
severe coughing episode that causes wound
evisceration. In addition to calling the doctor,
which intervention is most appropriate?
a. Irrigate organs with betadine
b. Cover the wound with a saline-soaked
sterile dressing
c. Apply a dry sterile dressing and binder
d. Push the organs back with moist and
sterile dressing
20. You’re caring for Betty with liver cirrhosis. Which
of the following assessment findings leads you
to suspect hepatic encephalopathy in her?
a. Asterixis
b. Chvostek’s sign
c. Trosseau’s sign
d. Hepatojugular reflex
21. You are developing a care plan on Sally, a 67
y.o. patient with hepatic encephalopathy. Which
of the following do you include?
a. Administer lactulose as ordered
b. Increase protein in diet
c. Administer sedatives
d. Encourage ambulation
22. The student nurse is preparing a teaching care
plan to help improve nutrition in a patient with
achalasia. You include which of the following:
a. Swallow meals while leaning forward
b. Omit fluids with meals
c. Eat in an upright position
d. Avoid soft and semisoft food
23. Britney, a 20 y.o. student is admitted with acute
pancreatitis. Which laboratory findings do you
expect to be abnormal for this patient?
a. Serum creatinine
b. BUN
c. Serum amylase
d. Cardiac enzymes
24. A patient with Crohn’s disease is admitted after
4 days of diarrhea. Which of the following urine
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 specific gravity values do you expect to find in
this patient?
a. 1.005
b. 1.011
c. 1.020
d. 1.035
25. Michael, a 42 y.o. man is admitted to the med-
surg floor with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis.
His BP is 136/76, pulse 96, Resps 22 and temp
101. His past history includes hyperlipidemia and
alcohol abuse. The doctor prescribes an NG
tube. Before inserting the tube, you explain the
purpose to patient. Which of the following is a
most accurate explanation?
a. It empties the stomach of fluids and gas
b. It prevents spasm of the sphincter of
oddi
c. It prevents air from forming in the small
intestine and large intestine
d. It removes bile from gallbladder
26. Jason, a 22 y.o. accident victim, requires an NG
tube for feeding. What should you immediately
do after inserting an NG tube for liquid enteral
feedings?
a. Aspirate for gastric secretions with a
syringe
b. Begin feeding slowly to prevent
cramping
c. Order an x-ray to check for placement
d. Clamp off the tube until the feedings
begin
27. Stephanie, a 28 y.o. accident victim, requires
TPN. The rationale for TPN is to provide:
a. Necessary fluids and electrolytes in the
body
b. Complete nutrition via i.v. route
c. Tube feedings for nutritional
supplementation
d. Dietary supplementation with liquid
given between meals
28. Matt is a 49 y.o. with a hiatal hernia that you
are about to counsel. Health care counseling for
Matt should include which of the following
instructions?
a. Restrict intake of high carbohydrate
foods
b. Increase fluids with meals
c. Increase fat intake
d. Eat three regular meals per day
29. Jerod is experiencing an acute episode of
ulcerative colitis. Which is priority for this
patient?
a. Increase sodium in the diet
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b. Monitor for increase in glucose in the
blood
c. Restrict dietary intake of potassium
d. Note any change in color and
consistency of stools
30. A 29 y.o. patient has an acute episode of
ulcerative colitis. What diagnostic test confirms
this diagnosis?
a. Barium swallow
b. Stool examination
c. Gastric analysis
d. Sigmoidoscopy
31. Regina is a 46 y.o. woman with ulcerative colitis.
You expect her stools to look like:
a. Watery and frothy
b. Bloody and mucous
c. Firm and well-formed
d. Alternating constipation and diarrhea
32. Donald is a 61 y.o. man with diverticulitis.
Diverticulitis is characterized by:
a. Periodic rectal hemorrhage
b. Hypertension and tachycardia
c. Vomiting and elevated temperature
d. Crampy and lower left quadrant pain
and fever
33. Brenda, a 36 y.o. patient is on your floor with
acute pancreatitis. Treatment for her includes:
a. Soft foods like raw egg via NGT
b. Regular diet with increased fat
c. Nutritional support with TPN
d. Insertion of T-tube to drain the
pancreas
34. Glenda has cholelithiasis (gallstones). You
expect her to complain of:
a. Pain in the right upper quadrant
radiating on the shoulder
b. Pain in the right lower quadrant with
rebound tenderness
c. Pain in the left upper quadrant with
shortness of breath
d. Pain in the left lower quadrant with mild
cramping
35. After an abdominal resection for colon cancer,
Madeline returns to her room with a Jackson-
Pratt drain in place. The purpose of the drain is
to:
a. Irrigate the incision with saline solution
b. Prevent bacterial infection of the incision
c. Measure the amount of fluid loss after
surgery
d. Prevent accumulation of drainage in the
wound
36. Your patient has a GI tract that is functioning,
but has the inability to swallow foods. Which is
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 the preferred method of feeding for your 42. Katrina is diagnosed with lactose intolerance. To
patient? avoid complications with lack of calcium in the
a. TPN diet, which food should be included in the diet?
b. Regular diet a. Fruit
c. NG feeding b. Whole grains
d. Oral liquid supplement c. Milk and cheese products
37. Before bowel surgery, Lee is to administer d. Dark green and leafy vegetables
enemas until clear. During administration, he 43. Hepatic encephalopathy develops when the
complains of intestinal cramps. What do you do blood level of which substance increases?
next? a. Ammonia
a. Stop irrigation b. Amylase
b. Lower the height of the enema c. Calcium
container d. Potassium
c. Complete the procedure as quickly as 44. Dark, tarry stools indicate bleeding in which
possible location of the GI tract?
d. Continue administration without changes a. Upper colon
38. Ralph has a history of alcohol abuse and has b. Lower colon
acute pancreatitis. Which lab value is most likely c. Upper GI tract
to be elevated? d. Small intestine
a. Calcium 45. Your patient, Christopher, has a diagnosis of
b. Glucose ulcerative colitis and has severe abdominal pain
c. Magnesium aggravated by movement, rebound tenderness,
d. Potassium fever, nausea, and decreased urine output. This
39. Anna is 45 y.o. and has a bleeding ulcer. Despite may indicate which complication?
multiple blood transfusions, her HGB is 7.5g/dl a. Fistula
and HCT is 27%. Her doctor determines that b. Bowel perforation
surgical intervention is necessary and she c. Bowel obstruction
undergoes partial gastrectomy. Postoperative d. Abcess
nursing care includes: 46. A patient has a severe exacerbation of ulcerative
a. Giving medications for pain q 6hrs colitis. Long-term medications will probably
b. Flushing the NGT with sterile water include:
c. Positioning her in high Fowler’s a. Antacids
d. Keeping her in NPO until peristalsis b. Antibiotics
returns c. Corticosteroids
40. Sitty, a 66 y.o. patient underwent a colostomy d. H2-blockers
for ruptured diverticulum. She did well during 47. The student nurse is teaching the family of a
the surgery and returned to your med-surg floor patient with liver cirrhosis who has confusion
in stable condition. You assess her colostomy 2 and loss of memory. You instruct them to limit
days after surgery. Which finding do you report which foods in the patient’s diet?
to the doctor? a. Meats and beans
a. Blanched stoma b. Butter and gravy
b. Edematous stoma c. Potatoes and pastas
c. Reddish-pink stoma d. Cakes and pastries
d. Brownish black stoma 48. Your patient with peritonitis is NPO and
41. Sharon has cirrhosis of the liver and develops complaining of thirst. What is your priority?
ascites. What intervention is necessary to a. Increase IV infusion rate
decrease the excessive accumulation of serous b. Use diversional activities
fluid in her peritoneal cavity? c. Provide frequent mouth care
a. Restrict fluids d. Give ice chips every 15 minutes
b. Encourage ambulation 49. Which stoma would you expect a malodorous,
c. Increase sodium in the diet enzyme-rich, caustic liquid output that is yellow,
d. Give antacids as prescribed green, or brown?
a. Ileostomy
b. Ascending colostomy

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 c. Transverse colostomy
d. Descending colostomy
50. George has a T tube in place after gallbladder
surgery. Before discharge, what information or
instructions should be given regarding the T
tube drainage?
a. If there is any drainage, notify the
physician
b. The drainage will decrease daily until
bile duct heals
c. Dark green and dark yellow initially
d. If drainage stops, milk towards the
puncture wound

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