SAINT JOSEPH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Montilla Boulevard Butuan City, Philippines

ABSTRACT
 SAINT JOSEPH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Montilla Boulevard Butuan City, Philippines

Chapter I

The Problem and Its Setting

I. Introduction

Background of the study

Nowadays, technology has become part of our daily lives. With the new inventions and

discoveries, the human created gadgets, computers and cellular phones for a unique way of

killing their time and relieved their stressed out of it. It is very impossible to avoid gaming with

the use of these modern devices.

The researchers are seeming to have noticed that most people having vacant hours

they tend to play online games. Specifically, mobile legends which is a very trending online

game as for now. People find it more of a hobby of freeing their time from lots of paper works at

school and momentarily forget their personal problems. Though, engaging in so much time for

playing online games can be of an issue for a certain person. It may cause a gaming addiction

if this will not be used in a proper way.

Mobile legend: Bang Bang is a mobile multiplayer online battle arena developed and

published by Moonton. Released in 2016, the game has become popular in Southeast Asia

and was among the games chosen for the first medal event sports competition at the 2019

Southeast Asian Games in the Philippines. The game is designed for mobile phones. The two

opposing teams fight to reach and destroy the enemy’s base while defending their own base for

control of a path, the three “lanes” known as “top”, “middle”, and “bottom”, which connects the

bases. Weaker computer-controlled characters, called “minions”, spawn at team bases and

follow the three lanes to the opposite team’s base, fighting enemies and turrets. In each team,

there are five players who each control a character, known as a “hero” using analog/joystick

controls. Heroes can be grouped into 6 different roles, Marksman, Assassin, Mage, Support,
 SAINT JOSEPH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Montilla Boulevard Butuan City, Philippines
Fighter, and Tank. Whoever team will first destroy the base of their opponents will be the

winner of the match. (Philippine Inquiry, 2020)

Researchers came up with a study to show that there is also an effect in mobile games

(Mobile Legend) to the behavior and health of students. There are positive and negative

effects. Positive effects: improving brain functions and educating children. Negative effects:

distraction while performing another important activity, affecting social interaction, sleep

problems and loss of productivity. (SunStar Philippines, 2019).

According to 42 Matters website report, as of now 2020. The mobile legends game is

actually second on the list of the Philippines Mobile Gaming Statistics in 2020. (42Matters,

2020). It is a very popular game with so much impact to the life of all people especially to all

criminology students in Saint Joseph Institute of Technology which is the respondent of the

study.

Thus, the study aims to find the effects of playing mobile legends among criminology

students in Saint Joseph Institute of Technology. Most importantly, the researchers focus the

study on finding the negative and positive effects of students to their studies while they engage

on playing mobile legends. The Researcher aims to determine what are the positive and

negative effects of playing mobile legends to all criminology students of Saint Joseph Institute

of Technology. It is aims how the criminology students assessed their usage level of playing

which cause negative and positive effects that influences their academic performance.

Specially, this study seeks to answer the following sub-questions. They engage themselves in

playing Mobile Legends? What are the positive effects of playing mobile legends to the

academic performance of students? What are the negative effects of playing mobile legends to

the academic performance of students?

 SAINT JOSEPH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Montilla Boulevard Butuan City, Philippines
Hypothesis

Null. There is no significant relationship between playing mobile legends to the

academic performance of students.

Alternative. There is a significant relationship between playing mobile legends to the

academic performance of students.

Objective of the Study

The researcher aim to determine the Positive and Negative Effects of Playing Mobile

Legends to All Criminology Students in Saint Joseph Institute of Technology.

The study aims to:

a. To investigate the Students Performance while playing Mobile

Legends in terms of Positive Factors and Negative Factors.

b. To Calculate the Effects of Playing Mobile Legends to all Criminology

students of Saint Joseph Institute of Technology.

c. To Determine the Performance in Positive and Negative Effects of

playing Mobile Legends in terms of accuracy.

Conceptual Framework

A paradigm below was prepared to show the variables and processes that were in

study. The paradigm shows the materials used in the study. The output is the positive and

negative effects of playing Mobile Legends to the academic performance of the students.

Process
 Input Conducting Survey with

Why does the students the aid of survey

Output
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questionnaire.
The positive and negative effects of p
Montilla Boulevard Butuan City, Philippines
playing Mobile Legends?
Surveying and
Legends to all Criminology Students o
What are the positive
interviewing selected
Institute of Technology in School Yea
effects of playing mobile
Criminology students of
legends to the academic
Saint Joseph Institute of
performance of students?
Technology.
What are the negative

effects of playing mobile

legends to the

academic performance

of students?

Figure I. Conceptual Framework of the Study

The Figure 1 represent the

 SAINT JOSEPH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Montilla Boulevard Butuan City, Philippines

Review and Related Literature

Foreign Literature

According to the USA Today Network (2018), the World Health Organization says that

compulsive playing video games now qualifies as a new mental health condition; in a move that

some critics warn may risk stigmatizing too many young players.

Also, in the article of Kimberly Young (2009), excessive gaming has been identified as a

specific subtype of Internet addiction (Block, 2008). “Video games may look innocent, but they

can be addictive as gambling or drugs and just as hard to kick”, explained by Keith Bakker,

director of Amsterdam-based Smith and Jones Addiction Consultants and founder of the

center.

Another worthy article by The Guardian (Przybyliski and Orben, 2018). Video games

played on smart phones, tablets, computers and consoles have been a popular form of leisure

for some time now. In Europe, recent figures indicate that games are played by more than two

thirds of children and adolescents, and a substantial number of adults now play games- 38% in

the UK, 64% in Germany and 44% in Spain.

Also, in the article of Bridges of Hope (BH, 2020). The article explain how excessive

gaming can be burdensome to others, some of its effects are excessive preoccupation, danger

to the health, relationship problems, increased aggression, and poor performance.

Local Literature

According in the Pinoy Gamer Forum, “As gamers; gaming is a form of leisure, a hobby or

an escape from the harsh world we have in Philippines. We are not saying this is not a serious
 SAINT JOSEPH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Montilla Boulevard Butuan City, Philippines
issue, but we feel as gamers that the media is being biased with this. So instead of saying

gaming is an addiction takes a look why people are getting addicted from the first place.”

In the article on Gameshogun (Cuneta, 2011), addictions to Internet games, particularly

massive multiplayer online role-play games (MMORPGS), have emerged as a threat to public

health – a new epidemic. Although they pose no direct physical danger, they take a toll on the

mental wellbeing of players. This disease is as equally debilitating as an addiction to drugs or

alcohol. The article also posed that the effects of the gaming is not that bad to be considered

as addiction.

Also, in the article news from a website The Filipino Times (Staff Report, 2019). The young

man in the Philippines who claimed his addiction to the online game “Mobile Legends: Bang

Bang” has led to his illness died of Stage 4 colon cancer.

While in the article of hit86game came from the app called medium (hit86game, 2016), it’s

said that many video games are good for the brain. “A research conducted by the German

researchers’ shows that people who play games for 30 minutes a day gained positive impacts

on brain including memory formation, fine motor skills, spatial navigation, and strategic

planning”. All these areas positively affect the brain .

In addition, (2018) there’s a former report that a 23-years-old named Mhary Mundoc

Idanan got stroke while she’s playing Mobile Legends: Bang Bang. Her family checked her

blood pressure, and the result is very high. Afterwards she was hospitalized at Quezon City

General Hospital. It’s been said that she played long hours every day and restless.
 SAINT JOSEPH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Montilla Boulevard Butuan City, Philippines
Review of Related Studies

1.1 Foreign Studies

According to Wasif Ahmed (Wasif, 2019), Mobile legends: Bang Bang (MLBB) is a

multiplayer-online based arena game for Andriod and iOS that was released in November

2016. Since then, the game has racked up over 500 million downloads and has 75 million

active players, according to Moonton, the developers of MLBB. And now, the game is

preparing to take the mobile esports world by storm. This study verified the total population

of players that is currently playing the game.

1.2 Local Studies

According to the study of Eduardo Edu Conejos Cornillez Jr., Jessie Richie Naval de

Los Santos and Vicente D. Carillo Jr. (Eduardo, Jessie & Vicente, (2020), the increasing

number of students who are hooked on playing online mobile games (OMG) is alarming.

The researcher’s findings revealed that majority of the students played mobile legends and

spent mostly 2 hours playing OMG for a reason of boredom.

Also, in the ABS-CBN news (2018), one of the reason Filipinos was pleased is that

Lapu-lapu was along with the characters. There were many celebrities played MLBB as

their stress-reliver, hobby, or pastime. Some of them play it just to earn money.
 SAINT JOSEPH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Montilla Boulevard Butuan City, Philippines
Theoretical Framework

The purpose of this framework is to guide the readers on how the researchers

determined the statistical relationship and effects of playing mobile legends to the students.

The paradigm below shows the virtual relationship of the students together with some other

effects that a student can get in engaging mobile legends while they’re still studying or

schooling.

Positive Effects
Before During
conflict conflict

Student
School Works s Mobile Legends

Negative Effects

After conflict
Realization

Negative Effects

Figure II. Theoretical Framework

The figure above represents the daily routine of a student while in his study he also

engaged in playing mobile legends. Basically, a student must focus in school works but by the

time he starts playing mobile legends it would create conflict in his time management and

directly affect his studies. Based on that theory it will results both positive and negative effects

to the student. The framework will become the daily routine of the student if he simultaneously

playing mobile legends while he was still studying.

 SAINT JOSEPH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Montilla Boulevard Butuan City, Philippines

Conflict Theory

The theory was first purported by Karl Marx; it is a theory that society of perpetual

conflict because of competition for limited resources. Conflict theory holds that social order is

maintained by domination and power, rather than by consensus and conformity (Brian, 2020).

According to an article Social Science Libretexts Organization (2020), conflict theory

understands deviance and crime in society. For a reason, in conflict theory, deviant behaviors

are actions that do not go along with the social institutions.

Scope and Limitation of the Study

The study will only focus on the positive and negative effects of playing mobile legends

among all Criminology Students of Saint Joseph Institute of Technology, located at Montilla

Boulevard, Butuan City, Caraga, Philippines.

This study will observe also the reason why students play mobile legends and how it

can affect their studies and lifestyle.

A questionnaire-checklist will serve as the main instrument for gathering data on the

160 participants, in which will come from 1 st and 4th year criminology students. Data gathering

will be from the start of September until the last day of the semester. The result of the study will

produce awareness on the students on how it can affect their studies and recognize the

different effects of playing mobile legends on their life.

Significant of the Study

 SAINT JOSEPH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Montilla Boulevard Butuan City, Philippines
The results of the study will greatly create an awareness to the society on how playing

mobile legends will affect the students in a positive and negative way. The most vulnerable

targets by this gaming addiction are those youngsters especially on students. This will give

them a hard time in decision making, choosing between to do the school works or time for

playing mobile games.

This study will help the students to think rationally on the situation where the study

must be prioritized than playing mobile legends.

For the researchers, this study will give some of idea for the future related studies and

discover missed causes and effects of past researches.

Definition of Terms

The following are the definition of some terms that will be useful for the study:

Mobile Games is a game played on a mobile phone, tablet, smartwatch, PDA,

portable media player or graphing calculator.

OMG it is an abbreviation of “Online Mobile Game”.

Addiction is the fact or condition of being addicted to a particular substance,

thing, or activity.

Multiplayer is denoting or relating to a video game designed for or involving

several players.

Trending means currently popular or widely discussed online, especially on

social media websites.

 SAINT JOSEPH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Montilla Boulevard Butuan City, Philippines
Consensus The general agreement.

Student the person who is studying at a school or college.

Productivity The state or quality of producing something.

Gaming The action or practice of playing video games.

Deviance The fact or state of departing from usual or accepted standards,

especially in social or sexual behavior.

Social Interaction is any relationship between two or more individuals.

Leisure means the use of free time for enjoyment.

 SAINT JOSEPH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Montilla Boulevard Butuan City, Philippines

Chapter II

Research Methodology

Methods

This section provides the full depiction and steps undertaken in designing the

predictive model to attain the objectives outlined in Chapter I.

Research Design

The researchers used the descriptive method to determine both positive and negative

effects of playing Mobile Legends to criminology students at Saint Joseph Institute of

Technology. Descriptive research design is a scientific method which involves observing and

describing the effects of playing mobile legends to the student without influencing it in any way.

This research design helped the researchers to collect and analyze the responses of the

respondents to the survey questionnaire designed by the researchers and to obtain information

about their views, opinions, and perceptions to the subject.

The process of descriptive research went beyond collection and tabulation of data. It

involved the elements or interpretation of the meaning or significance of what was described.

Thus, description was often involved with measurement, classification, interpretation, and

evaluation.

Research Locale
 SAINT JOSEPH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Montilla Boulevard Butuan City, Philippines
The researchers will conduct the study in Saint Joseph Institute of Technology located

at Montilla Blvd., Butuan City, Caraga, Philippines.

Figure III. Area Map of the Study

The institution was founded by Dr. Nicomedes Salas in 1971 as a technical-vocational

institution. From holding classes for 130 students in a two-story building, the school expanded

to having five-to six-story buildings catering to thousands of students. Basic and higher

education programs also opened later on; at present, SJIT provides programs from the

preschool to the post-graduate level (Edukasyon.ph, 2020).

The Respondents of the Study

The respondents of the study are the 349 total population of enrolled criminology

students in Saint Joseph Institute of Technology in academic year 2020-2021. The researchers

pick an estimated numbers of total population of players in each year level to represent as the

random selection respondents of this study out of its total population of 729.

Research Instrument
 SAINT JOSEPH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Montilla Boulevard Butuan City, Philippines
The researchers made use of a single set of a self-structured survey questionnaire in a

checklist form which the items were closed-ended. Closed-ended questionnaire are sometimes

phrased as a statement which requires a response, it usually answered with “yes” or “no”.

Survey questionnaire is the main instrument to gather data, the questionnaire includes several

inquiries about the game mobile legends and its possible effects. It will be given to the selective

respondents from criminology students of Saint Joseph Institute of Technology. The

instrumentation being used will give way and support in retrieving data for the research.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers create a self-structured survey questionnaire as a research

instrument or tools to gather data from a selected respondents of criminology students in Saint

Joseph Institute of Technology. The survey questionnaire was made to be answered through

online proceedings via Messenger. Also, some data and information of this study are came

from a reliable source on Google websites and articles by professionals that is related to the

study.

Statistical Treatment

The researchers will be using statistical treatment to determine the frequency

distribution and percentage. Percentages were used by the researchers to covert the numerical

data gathered from the questionnaire. The descriptive statistic used frequency and percentage.

These things would be explained further in the following:

A. Frequency – pertains to the number of respondents that have same answer in a

specific question.
 SAINT JOSEPH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Montilla Boulevard Butuan City, Philippines
B. Percentage – used to determine the ratio of respondents that have the same answer

with general number of respondents.

Formula of Calculating the Respondents Distribution Mean

Total Number of data points 1.1.1 E

1.1.2M q
Summationof Totalenumber of points

Table 1. Distribution of Respondents in terms of Students Performance in Playing Mobile

Legends

Grading Scale Verbal Description Frequency( F) Percentage (%)

1.0-2.0 - Strongly Agree 265 76%
2.1- 3.0 Strongly Disagree 84 24%

The table above represents that the

Table II. Result of Confusion Matrix for The Positive and Negative Effects in Playing Mobile

Legends

Actual class Predicted Class Classified as

Positive Negative
Positive class TP 313 FN 0 A = Strongly Agree
where: TP (True Positive) = Number of positive actual class correctly predicted
FP 0 TN 36 B= Strongly Disagree

Negative class
TN (True Negative) = Number of negative actual class correctly predicted

FP (False Positive) = Number of negative actual class that are incorrectly predicted

FN (False Negative) = Number of positive tuples that are incorrectly predicted

 SAINT JOSEPH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Montilla Boulevard Butuan City, Philippines

Computation of Predicted Accuracy of Positive and Negative Effects of Playing Mobile

Legends of Saint Joseph Institute of Technology Students

TP+TN
Accuracy= Eq.1
TP+TN + FP+ FN
 SAINT JOSEPH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Montilla Boulevard Butuan City, Philippines
Chapter III

Result and Discussion

Result

The table below represent the overall result of the study based upon the data gathered

from the survey questionnaire.

OBJECTIVE NUMBER 1.

To investigate the Students Performance Playing and Not Playing Mobile Legends in terms

Positive Factors Negative Factors

The positive factor of playing mobile legends Mean Frequenc Verbal

Description
y
1. Does playing mobile legends relieve your 1.25 278 Positive
stress from school? Effects
2. Does playing mobile legends help you a find a 1.31 267 Positive
lot of friends? Effects
3. Does playing mobile legends help you in your 3.20 109 Negative
studies? Effects
4. Do you believe that playing mobile legends 1.46 239 Positive
can make your brain function well? Effects
5. Is it true that playing mobile legends won’t 1.40 250 Positive
badly affect your health? Effects

Table III. The Positive Performance of Students of playing mobile legends

The Table above represent the

The negative factor of playing mobile legends Mean Frequenc Verbal

Description
 SAINT JOSEPH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Montilla Boulevard Butuan City, Philippines
y
1. Does playing mobile legends give you poor 1.27 274 Negative
Effects
academic performance?
2. Does playing mobile legends badly affects 1.41 248 Negative

your social interaction with other peers? Effects

3. Is it true that mobile legends made you loss 1.28 173 Positive

control in time management? Effects

4. Do you prioritize playing mobile legends than 2.7 13 Negative

doing school works? Effects

5. As a criminology student do you recommend 2.0 177 Negative

this mobile game to other students? Effects

Table IV. The Negative Performance of Students of playing mobile legends

Objective II.

To Calculate the Effects of Playing Mobile Legends to all Criminology students of Saint

Joseph Institute of Technology.

 SAINT JOSEPH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Montilla Boulevard Butuan City, Philippines
050100150200250275300 350

Positive Effects

The Positive and Negative Effects of Playing Mobile

76%

Representation Graph
Legends
Negative Effects

24 %

The Representation Graph the

Objective III.

To Determine the Performance in Positive and Negative Effects of playing Mobile

Legends in terms of accuracy.

 SAINT JOSEPH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Montilla Boulevard Butuan City, Philippines

Predicted Accuracy of Positive and Negative Effects of Playing Mobile Legends of

Saint Joseph Institute of Technology Students

TP+TN
Accuracy=
TP+TN + FP+ FN

313+0
Accuracy=
0+36+313+ 0

Accuracy=89 %

Chapter IV

Result and Discussion

SUMMARY AND FINDINGS

The researcher
 SAINT JOSEPH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Montilla Boulevard Butuan City, Philippines

CONCLUSION

The researcher

RECOMMENDATIONS

The researcher

Part I. Student’s Profile

Name: ______________________________________

Direction: Kindly put check (✓) if your answer is Yes or No.

A. Positive Factors Positive Negative

 SAINT JOSEPH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Montilla Boulevard Butuan City, Philippines
Effect Effect
1. Does playing mobile legends relieve your stress from

school?
2. Does playing mobile legends help you find a lot of friends?
3. Does playing mobile legends help you in your studies?
4. Do you believe that playing mobile legends can make your

brain function well?

5. Is it true that playing mobile legends won’t badly affect your

health?
Total Weight Average
B. Negative Factors Positive Negative

Effect Effect
1. Does playing mobile legends give you poor academic

performance?
2. Does playing mobile legends badly affects your social interaction

with other peers?

3. Is it true that mobile legends made you loss control in time

management?
4. Do you prioritize playing mobile legends that doing school

works?
5. As a criminology student do you recommend this Mobile Game

to other students?
SAINT JOSEPH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Montilla Boulevard Butuan City, Philippines