8 .

3 P r o j e c t
Ch a pte r 4

By: Kam and Megan

 Commensalism

● An association between two organisms in which one

benefits and the other doesn’t get benefited or get
harmed.
 Remora Fish and Sharks
1.) Remora fish attach themselves to the shark and uses the shark as
transportation and protection. Whenever the shark eats the leftover scraps from
the sharks prey.

● The Remora fish and sharks are involved.

 Anemone and Clownfish
2.) Clownfish live in the anemone for protection from things that eat it. Anything
that touches the anemone will get stung.

● Clownfish and Anemone are involved.

Monarch Butterfly and Milkweed
3.) The milkweed plant has a poisonous chemical in it known as cardiac glycoside.
The butterfly stores this chemical in its body and then when something eats the
butterfly the bird thinks its gross and gets sick so then they avoid eating it.

● The Monarch butterfly and Milkweed plant are involved.

 Emperor Shrimp and Sea Cucumbers
4.) Emperor Shrimp are small sea critters that hitch rides from sea cucumbers,
they get protection and and free ride without using its own energy. Whenever it
finds food it hops off feeds then catches another ride going to a new area.

● Emperor Shrimp and Sea Cucumbers are involved.

Decorator Crabs and Sea Sponges
5.) Decorator Crabs peel pieces of the the sponge off and stick it to there shell as
camouflage to provide protection for them.

● Decorator Crabs and Sea Sponges are involved.

 Mutualism
● A relationship between two organisms where they both
benefit and none gets harmed.
 Oxpecker and a Rhino
1.) The oxpecker will eat parasites off of the rhino so the bird gets food and the
Rhino has less parasites. The oxpeckers will also make a loud noise
whenever there is danger nearby.
● The oxpecker and rhino are involved.
Yucca Moth and Yucca Plant
2.) The yucca moth helps pollinate the plant and then the moth lays her eggs in
the seedpods of the plant this provides protection to the eggs and food for the
larvae when it hatches.

● The yucca moth and yucca plant are involved.

 Protozoa and Termites
3.) Protozoa produce something called cellulose. Protozoa is inside the termites
body and digests the wood they eat, so without it the termite would starve and if
the protozoa was on the outside of the body it would die.

● The protozoa and the termite is involved.

Passion Flower and the Hummingbird
4.) The Passion Flower needs the Hummingbird to drink its nectar and the
Hummingbird gets a meal while doing it.

● The Hummingbird and the Passion Flower are involved.

 Spider Crab and Algae
5.) The Spider crab lives on the shallow ocean floor while the algae lives on its
back making the crabs blend in. The algae gets a place to live and the crab gets
camouflage protection.

● The Spider crab and Algae are involved.

 Parasitism
● A relationship between two organisms where one
benefits and one is harmed.
 Ticks and Dogs
The tick burrows into the dog and lives off it while the dog doesn’t benefit.
 Humans and Leeches
Leeches latch onto human skin with tiny sharp teeth and drink your blood until full
or taken off
 Humans and Tapeworms
Tapeworms like inside humans for long durations of time. Occasionally coming out
of the anus to lay eggs
 Blood Parasites
Blood parasites are Eastern Cuckoo Eggs delivered by host into another birds
nest. These young birds then rely on the other bird to raise them. Having the other
bird have more work.
 Lice and Human
Lice hop onto a male/female’s head and live in the
protection of their hair. This provides cover and an
area for the lice to live and be safe unless if it’s being
treated