NUR KARTINI BINTI RAZAK

G 1819694

NURUL SYUHADA BINTI PUTEH@MOHD NOR

STRESS AND SERUM G 1819444

CHOLESTEROL
SPECIFIC CONDITIONS AINA MARDHIAH BINTI MOHD ZULKIFLI
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&
HYPERTENSION NURYANA BINTI ABDULLAH
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RUMINAH BINTI ISMAIL
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EDEP 7202
 WHAT IS STRESS?
 STRESS IS A BROAD AND OFTEN VAGUE TERM. THINGS THAT CAUSE STRESS ARE CALLED
STRESSORS, AND EVERY INDIVIDUAL RESPONDS DIFFERENTLY TO THEM. WHAT ONE PERSON
FINDS STRESSFUL, ANOTHER PERSON MAY SEE AS EXCITING.

 ONE DEFINITION OF STRESS IS WHEN A PERSON FINDS IT DIFFICULT TO COPE WITH OR MANAGE A
SITUATION BECAUSE THEY DO NOT HAVE — OR BELIEVE THAT THEY DO NOT HAVE — THE MENTAL
OR PHYSICAL RESOURCES TO DO SO.
RUMINAH BINTI ISMAIL
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 STRESS CAN OCCUR WHEN A PERSON FEELS UNDER PRESSURE OR
THAT THEY ARE NOT IN CONTROL OF THEIR SITUATION.

 THIS CAN HAPPEN WHEN LIFE CHANGES OCCUR TO AN INDIVIDUAL

OR SOMEONE THEY CARE ABOUT. FACTORS THAT CAN LEAD TO
STRESS INCLUDE ILLNESS, A TRAUMATIC INCIDENT, MOVING HOUSE,
CHANGES IN MARITAL STATUS, A LOSS OF A LOVED ONE, AND SO
ON.

 THE PERSON MAY FEEL :-

 ANXIOUS, WORRIED, OR DEPRESSED
 THREATENED OR VULNERABLE
 ANGER AND AGGRESSION
 DISTRESSED
 WHAT IS CHOLESTEROL?

 CHOLESTEROL IS A FAT-LIKE, WAXY-LOOKING SUBSTANCE. IT IS ESSENTIAL FOR EVERY CELL OF

THE BODY AND HAS SEVERAL FUNCTIONS. ONE OF THESE IS TO MAKE UP THE STRUCTURE OF
CELL WALLS.

 THERE ARE TWO SOURCES OF CHOLESTEROL:-

 THE BODY PRODUCES IT
 PEOPLE TAKE IT IN THROUGH FOOD

 THE BLOOD DOES NOT CARRY CHOLESTEROL AROUND FREELY. INSTEAD, IT TRAVELS THROUGH
THE BLOOD IN SUBSTANCES CALLED LIPOPROTEINS. THIS IS WHY SCIENTISTS USE LIPID LEVELS
TO MEASURE CHOLESTEROL.

 TWO TYPES OF LIPOPROTEINS CARRY CHOLESTEROL:-

 LDL, OR “BAD” CHOLESTEROL
 HDL, OR “GOOD” CHOLESTEROL
 HOW DOES STRESS AFFECT
CHOLESTEROL LEVELS?

 WHEN A PERSON FACES STRESS, THEIR BODY AUTOMATICALLY PREPARES THEIR MUSCLES,
HEART, AND OTHER ORGANS AND FUNCTIONS FOR A HIGH-ENERGY, FIGHT-OR-FLIGHT RESPONSE.
 WHETHER THE PERSON DECIDES TO RUN AWAY OR TO STAY AND FACE THE THREAT, THEIR BODY
WILL REACT IN CERTAIN WAYS.
 THE BODY WILL RELEASE THE HORMONES EPINEPHRINE (ADRENALINE), NOREPINEPHRINE, AND
CORTISOL.
 EPINEPHRINE TRIGGERS THE HEART TO WORK HARDER, LEADING TO A RISE IN:
• HEART RATE
• BREATHING
• BLOOD PRESSURE

 CORTISOL CAUSES THE BODY TO RELEASES GLUCOSE AND FATTY ACIDS TO THE MUSCLES AND
BLOOD FOR USE AS ENERGY. YOU CAN LEARN MORE ABOUT THE LINK BETWEEN STRESS AND
CORTISOL AND HOW TO REDUCE STRESS-RELATED CORTISOL LEVELS HERE.
 THESE HORMONE LEVELS WILL USUALLY
REMAIN HIGH UNTIL THE PERSON
RESOLVES THE STRESSFUL SITUATION.
HOWEVER, SOMETIMES THE STRESS
LEVELS DO NOT DROP OR TAKE TIME TO
RETURN TO THEIR LOWER LEVELS.

 THESE FACTORS MAY LEAD TO HIGHER

CHOLESTEROL LEVELS BOTH IN THE
LONG-TERM AND THE SHORT-TERM.
 CHRONIC STRESS LEADS TO
HYPERTENSION
 HYPERTENSIVE DISEASE IS NOT ONLY ONE
OF THE MOST COMMON DISEASES OF THE
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM, BUT ALSO A
VIVID EXAMPLE OF PSYCHOSOMATIC
ILLNESS, THE CAUSE OF WHICH IS CHRONIC
STRESS.

 HYPERTONIC DISEASE DEVELOPS WHEN

THE BLOOD PRESSURE REGULATES IN THE
BODY. ONE OF THE IMPORTANT FACTORS
THAT CAN CAUSE REGULATORY
DISTURBANCES AND LEAD TO CHRONIC
INCREASE IN BLOOD PRESSURE IS
CHRONIC STRESS
Source : https://www.intechopen.com/books/cholesterol-good-bad-and-the-heart/the-role-of-cholesterol-in-the-pathogenesis-of-hypertension-associated-nonalcoholic-
steatohepatitis

RUMINAH BINTI ISMAIL

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There is compelling evidence that your level of stress can
cause an increase in bad cholesterol indirectly. For
example, one study found that stress is positively linked to
having less healthy dietary habits, a higher body weight,
and a less healthy diet, all of which are known risk factors
for high cholesterol.

NURYANA BINTI ABDULLAH

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 CHRONIC STRESS LEADING
TO CHOLESTEROL

A COMBINATION OF CHRONIC STRESS AND HIGH

CHOLESTEROL COULD LEAD TO HEART DISEASE IF
NOT QUICKLY ADDRESSED.
 THE FIGHT OR FLIGHT RESPONSE IN STRESS
 STRESS HORMONES AND CHOLESTEROL
 THE PERSONALITY FACTOR IN STRESS
 COPING WITH STRESS
 HOW STRESS AND CHOLESTEROL
RELATED

 METABOLISM CHANGES
 HOW YOUR BODY USES ENERGY
 WHEN YOU TAKE IN MORE ENERGY THAN YOU USE YOU GAIN WEIGHT AND WHEN YOU USE MORE ENERGY
THAN YOU TAKE IN YOU LOSE WEIGHT
 SOME PEOPLE HAVE A FASTER METABOLISM AND SOME PEOPLE HAVE A SLOWER METABOLISM
 CHRONIC STRESS CAN ACTUALLY CAUSE YOUR BODY TO USE MORE ENERGY. THAT CAN CHANGE HOW
YOUR BODY USES FAT, WHICH IN TURN CHANGES YOUR CHOLESTEROL LEVELS
 THE MESSENGER MOLECULES ADRENALINE AND CORTISOL ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR CHANGING YOUR
BODY'S ENERGY USE DURING STRESS

 DIETARY CHANGES
 HAVING ANXIETY MAY NOT CHANGE YOUR SCHEDULE TOO MUCH BUT HAVING CHRONIC STRESS BECAUSE
OF A HECTIC JOB OR OTHER FACTORS CAN LEAVE YOU SHORT ON TIME.
 MORE LIKELY TO MAKE YOU CHOOSE UNHEALTHY DIET OPTIONS LIKE EATING FAST FOOD AND PREPARED
FOODS WHICH ARE OFTEN HIGH IN ENERGY AND UNHEALTHY FATS; CAN THROW OFF YOUR CHOLESTEROL
BALANCE.
 HOW STRESS AND CHOLESTEROL
RELATED

 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
 EXERCISE CAN HELP YOU TO FEEL LESS STRESSED AS WELL AS MITIGATE SOME OF THE DANGERS OF
CHRONIC STRESS LIKE HEART DISEASE
 YOU DON'T NEED TO DO ANYTHING TOO HEAVY TO MAKE A BIG DIFFERENCE. A SHORT WALK CAN DO
WONDERS

High levels of cortisol from long-term stress may

be the mechanism behind how stress can
increase cholesterol. Adrenaline may also be
released, and these hormones can trigger a “fight
or flight” response to deal with the stress. This
response will then trigger triglycerides, which can
boost “bad” cholesterol.
 HOW DOES STRESS INCREASE
MY CHOLESTEROL?

 STRESS --> CORTISOL --> HIGH CHOLESTEROL

o “FIGHT-OR-FLIGHT RESPONSE” - PHYSICAL REACTION THE BODY HAS WHEN FACED WITH A STRESSFUL
SITUATION.
o IF YOU ARE CONSTANTLY STRESSED, YOUR SYSTEMS ARE CONSTANTLY ON ALERT, THINKING THEY NEED
TO BE READY TO FIGHT OR FLEE AT ALL TIMES
o ON THE SURFACE, YOU MAY NOTICE SWEATING OR INCREASED HEART RATE AS YOUR BODY PREPARES
FOR ACTION.

 METABOLIC FUELS --> LIVER PRODUCTION OF LDL --> HIGH CHOLESTEROL

o LDL IS THE “BAD CHOLESTEROL.” WHEN STRESS TRIGGERS CORTISOL, WHICH TRIGGERS THE
PRODUCTION OF METABOLIC FUELS (SUCH AS GLUCOSE), THE LIVER ALSO SPRINGS INTO ACTION.
o BEGINS TO PRODUCE MORE OF THE BAD CHOLESTEROL LDL IN RESPONSE TO THE INCREASED LEVELS OF
GLUCOSE AND FATTY ACIDS.

 HIGH CHOLESTEROL --> HARDENING OF THE ARTERIES --> HEART DISEASE/HEART ATTACK
o TOO MUCH CHOLESTEROL IN YOUR BLOOD CAUSES DAMAGE TO YOUR ARTERIES.
o THE CHOLESTEROL BUILDS UP ON YOUR ARTERIAL WALLS. EVENTUALLY CAUSES YOUR ARTERIES TO
“HARDEN, AND BECOMING NARROW.
o BLOOD FLOW IS RESTRICTED OR BLOCKED ALTOGETHER. IF BLOOD CAN’T GET TO YOUR HEART, YOU
SUFFER A HEART ATTACK.
NURYANA BINTI ABDULLAH
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NURUL SYUHADA BINTI PUTEH @ MOHD NOR
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 HOW TO STOP STRESS EATING?

1. PRACTICE MINDFUL EATING

2. THINK POSITIVE THOUGHTS

3. KEEP A FOOD DIARY

4. GET SOME EXERCISE

5. AVOID TEMPTATION

6. DON’T DEPRIVE YOURSELF

7. ENLIST SUPPORT

8. ESTABLISH A ROUTINE

9. GET SOME SLEEP

10. TAKE A BREAK

 HOW TO CONTROL
CHOLESTEROL?

 UNDERSTAND CHOLESTEROL
• HDL = GOOD
• LDL = BAD

 TRACK LEVELS

 TIPS FOR SUCCESS

• EAT SMART
• MOVE MORE
• KNOW YOUR FATS
• DON’T SMOKE
• TAKE MEDICATION AS DIRECTED
 7 HIGH CHOLESTEROL FOODS
TO AVOID

 CANOLA OIL & OTHER PROCESSED VEGETABLE OILS

 POTATO CHIPS & OTHER PACKAGED FOODS

 COOKIES & OTHER SUGARY TREATS

 BACON & OTHER PROCESSED MEATS

 ALCOHOL

 MILK & OTHER CONVENTIONAL DAIRY PRODUCTS

 REFINED GRAINS PRODUCTS

11 FOODS TO LOWER CHOLESTEROL

o OATMEAL IS EXCELLENT SOLUBLE FIBER RICH FOOD

o POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACID IN NUTS LOWER
CHOLESTEROL
o OMEGA – FATTY ACIDS IN SALMON LOWERS CHOLESTEROL
o FLAX SEEDS ARE VEGETARIAN SOURCE OF OMEGA-3
o BEANS LOWER CHOLESTEROL INCLUDING LDL
o MONO UNSATURATED FATS IN FRUITS & VEGETABLES HELP
o AVOCADO RAISES HDL & LOWERS LDL
o GARLIC REDUCES CHOLESTEROL & PREVENTS BLOOD
CLOTS
o OLIVE OIL IS FULL OF MONOUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS
o ANTIOXIDANTS IN DARK CHOCOLATES BUILD HDL
o BLACK TEA HELPS TO REDUCES LDL
 8 SIMPLE RULES TO LOWER
YOUR COLESTEROL

o EAT AT LEAST ONE CUP OF BEANS DAILY

o EAT AT LEAST ONE SOURCE OF RAW NUTS AND SEEDS DAILY.
o EAT ONE LARGE GREEN SALAD A DAY & INCLUDE RAW ONION.
o EAT STEAMED GREEN VEGETABLES IN EVERY LUNCH & DINNER
o INCLUDE TOMATOES / TOMATOES SAUCE, BERRIES AND /OR POMEGRANATE IN YOUR DIET DAILY.
o TAKE 1 TABLESPOON OF GROUND FLAX OR CHIA SEEDS & A DHA/EPA SUPPLEMENT DAILY
o AVOID REFINED CARBOHYDRATES & ADDED OILS
o MINIMIZE ANIMAL PRODUCTS TO LESS THAT 5% OF TOTAL CALORIES FOR THE WEEK

NURUL SYUHADA BINTI PUTEH @ MOHD NOR

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 WHAT IS HYPERTENSION?
 BLOOD PRESSURE IS THE FORCE OF
CIRCULATING BLOOD AGAINST THE WALLS
OF THE BODY’S ARTERIES, THE MAJOR
BLOOD VESSELS IN THE BODY.
HYPERTENSION IS WHEN THE FORCE OF THE
BLOOD PRESSURE IS EXCESSIVE.
 MOST PEOPLE WITH HIGH BLOOD
PRESSURE DO NOT KNOW THEY HAVE IT.
HOW TO READ BLOOD PRESSURE?
 NORMAL BLOOD PRESSURE IS BELOW
120/80
 BLOOD PRESSURE BETWEEN 120/80 AND
139/89 IS CALLED “PRE-HYPERTENSION”,
 BLOOD PRESSURE OF 140/90 OR ABOVE
IS CONSIDERED HIGH.
AINA MARDHIAH BINTI MOHD ZULKIFLI
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 HOW YOUR BLOOD PRESSURE AND
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM WORK?

 ARTERIES ARE VESSELS THAT CARRY BLOOD FROM THE

PUMPING HEART TO ALL THE TISSUES AND ORGANS OF THE
BODY.

 WHEN THE HEART BEATS, IT CREATES PRESSURE THAT

PUSHES BLOOD THROUGH A NETWORK OF TUBE-SHAPED
BLOOD VESSELS, WHICH INCLUDE ARTERIES, VEINS AND
CAPILLARIES.

 THIS PRESSURE — BLOOD PRESSURE — IS THE RESULT OF

TWO FORCES:
 THE FIRST FORCE (SYSTOLIC PRESSURE) OCCURS AS BLOOD
PUMPS OUT OF THE HEART AND INTO THE ARTERIES THAT ARE
PART OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM.
 THE SECOND FORCE (DIASTOLIC PRESSURE) IS CREATED AS
THE HEART RESTS BETWEEN HEART BEATS.
(THESE TWO FORCES ARE EACH REPRESENTED BY NUMBERS IN A
BLOOD PRESSURE READING)
 THE DAMAGE STARTS IN YOUR
ARTERIES AND HEART
 THE PRIMARY WAY THAT HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE
CAUSES HARM IS BY INCREASING THE WORKLOAD OF
THE HEART AND BLOOD VESSELS — MAKING THEM
WORK HARDER AND LESS EFFICIENTLY.
 OVER TIME, THE FORCE AND FRICTION OF HIGH BLOOD
PRESSURE DAMAGES THE DELICATE TISSUES INSIDE
THE ARTERIES.
 IN TURN, LDL (BAD) CHOLESTEROL FORMS PLAQUE
ALONG TINY TEARS IN THE ARTERY WALLS, SIGNIFYING
THE START OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS.
 THE MORE THE PLAQUE AND DAMAGE INCREASES, THE
NARROWER (SMALLER) THE INSIDES OF THE ARTERIES
BECOME — RAISING BLOOD PRESSURE AND STARTING A
VICIOUS CIRCLE THAT FURTHER HARMS YOUR
ARTERIES, HEART AND THE REST OF YOUR BODY. THIS
CAN ULTIMATELY LEAD TO OTHER CONDITIONS RANGING
FROM ARRHYTHMIA TO HEART ATTACK AND STROKE.
 HOW STRESS RELATED TO
HYPERTENSION?
• HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE DOES NOT MEAN
EXCESSIVE EMOTIONAL TENSION, ALTHOUGH
EMOTIONAL TENSION AND STRESS CAN
TEMPORARILY INCREASE BLOOD PRESSURE.
• IF YOU TRY TO RELAX BY EATING MORE, USING
TOBACCO OR DRINKING ALCOHOL, YOU MAY ONLY
INCREASE PROBLEMS WITH HIGH BLOOD
PRESSURE.
WHAT HAPPEN WHEN YOU ARE
STRESS?
 YOUR BODY PRODUCES A SURGE OF
HORMONES WHEN YOU'RE IN A STRESSFUL
SITUATION.
 THESE HORMONES TEMPORARILY
INCREASE YOUR BLOOD PRESSURE BY
CAUSING YOUR HEART TO BEAT FASTER
AND YOUR BLOOD VESSELS TO NARROW.
 YOUR REACTION TO STRESS MAY AFFECT
YOUR BLOOD PRESSURE

 THERE'S NO PROOF THAT STRESS BY ITSELF CAUSES

LONG-TERM HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE. BUT REACTING
TO STRESS IN UNHEALTHY WAYS CAN INCREASE
YOUR RISK OF HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE, HEART
ATTACKS AND STROKES.

 CERTAIN BEHAVIORS ARE LINKED TO HIGHER BLOOD

PRESSURE, SUCH AS:

 SMOKING

 DRINKING TOO MUCH ALCOHOL

 EATING UNHEALTHY FOODS

AINA MARDHIAH BINTI MOHD ZULKIFLI

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NUR KARTINI BINTI RAZAK
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 Blood Pressure Category Systolic mmHg Diastolic mmHg
for Adults (upper number ) (lower number )

HYPERTENSIVE
CRISIS HIGHER THAN and/ HIGHER THAN

(Consult your doctor 180 or 120

immediately)

HIGH BLOOD
140 90
PRESSURE or
OR HIGHER OR HIGHER
(Hypertension) Stage 2

HIGH BLOOD
PRESSURE 130–139 or 80 – 89
(Hypertension) Stage 1

LESS THAN
ELEVATED 120–129 and
80

LESS THAN LESS THAN

NORMAL and
120 80

2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection,

Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: A Reportof the American College of Cardiology/
American Heart AssociationTask Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017;Nov 13.

Contact your health care provider if your top number is

120 or higher , or your bottom number is 80 or higher .
 PREVENT HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE

 EAT A HEALTHY DIET. CHOOSE HEALTHY

MEAL AND SNACK OPTIONS TO HELP
YOU AVOID HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE AND
ITS COMPLICATIONS.

 KEEP YOURSELF AT A HEALTHY WEIGHT.

HAVING OVERWEIGHT OR OBESITY
INCREASES YOUR RISK FOR HIGH BLOOD
PRESSURE.

 BE PHYSICALLY ACTIVE

 DO NOT SMOKE.

 LIMIT HOW MUCH ALCOHOL YOU DRINK.

 GET ENOUGH SLEEP.

Schematic Depiction Of The Major Determinants Of BP In Primary Hypertension

And Their Interactions In Adults
 16 SIMPLE HOME REMEDIES TO LOWER
BLOOD PRESSURE

1. HIBISCUS TEA  Naturally manage blood pressure. Hibiscus acts as a diuretic draws sodium from the bloodstream, thus
decreasing your blood pressure. It mimics a hypertension drug angiotensin-converting enzyme (ace) inhibitors.

2. COCONUT WATER  Coconut water act like a potassium-sparing diuretic to lower blood pressure by removing excess water
from the body but retain potassium. Studies show coconut water affects systolic blood pressure.

3. GINGER-CARDAMOM-CINNAMON TEA  Cardamom causes vasodilation (dilation of blood vessels) and allows blood to
flow more easily, thus lowering blood pressure. Cardamom also has antioxidant, gastro-protective, antispasmodic, antibacterial,
anti-platelet, and anti-cancer properties.  Ginger prevents heart conditions by lowering blood pressure, decreasing cholesterol,
and preventing blood clots. Additionally, ginger acts as a blood thinner, thus prevents blood clots. You know blood clots reduce or
restrict blood flow; this leads to high blood pressure.  Cinnamon has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-microbial,
immunity-boosting, and cancer & heart disease-protecting abilities. Studies have shown cinnamon reduces most common risk
factors for heart disease such as high cholesterol, high triglyceride, and high blood pressure.

4. POMEGRANATE  Pomegranate seeds contain phytochemicals, flavonoids, antioxidants, and polyphenols. It reported to
improves cardiovascular health. It improves the heart and blood vessels function, lowers LDL cholesterol, raises HDL cholesterol,
reduces high blood pressure, and reverses atherosclerosis (arterial block).
 16 SIMPLE HOME REMEDIES TO LOWER
BLOOD PRESSURE

5. BEETS & RADISHES Beets and radishes contain nitrates; it dilates blood vessels (vasodilation), lower blood pressure,
reduces endothelial inflammation, and platelet aggregation. The beneficial effects are related to the nitrate (NO3) found in
beetroot juice. Your body converts the nitrates (NO3) into bioactive nitrite (NO2) and nitric oxide (NO). It helps relax and dilate
your blood vessels and helps prevent blood clots. The study shows hypertensive who drink one glass of beetroot juice per day for
a month reduced blood pressure by an average of 8 mmHg systolic and 4 mmHg diastolic pressure.

6. DARK CHOCOLATE  Dark chocolate made from cocoa (Theobroma cacao), it contains antioxidants including polyphenols,
flavonoids, and catechins. Flavanols release nitric oxide (NO) that dilates blood vessels, thus lower blood pressure and improve
blood circulation. Eat-in moderation, dark chocolate reduces your heart disease and stroke risk. Other proven benefits of dark
chocolate are decreased bad cholesterol, increases good cholesterol, protects against sun damage, boosts brain health, and
provides vitamins & minerals. Three ounces of dark chocolate a day can lower blood pressure, especially useful for those with
isolated systolic hypertension.

7. VITAMIN D  Sun vitamin is responsible for proper cell growth and development. Your body gets 50 to 90% of vitamin D
absorbed by your bodies directly from the sun. Nowadays, people spend less time outdoors, so vitamin D deficiency is prevalent
worldwide. Vitamin D deficiency can lead to hypertension, mental health illnesses, congenital disabilities, and autoimmune
disorders. The study shows vitamin D supplementation lowered high blood pressure by suppressing renin (a hormone). It works
similar to a popular antihypertensive angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors.
 16 SIMPLE HOME REMEDIES TO LOWER
BLOOD PRESSURE
8. LAVENDER  Lavender is a popular essential oil used as the mind, body, and soul relaxant. It is also known to lower blood
pressure and heart rate. A study shows aromatherapy with specific essential oils (lavender, ylang-ylang, and bergamot) can lower
blood pressure. The recommended usage is once daily.

9. CORIANDER  Coriander seeds and essential oil both have blood sugar-lowering effects, ease digestion, decrease blood
pressure, improve cholesterol levels, and prevent neurological inflammation.

10. WATERMELON SEEDS  It contains ‘cucurbocitrin’ that widens the blood capillaries, improves kidney function, and reduces
blood pressure. Vasodilator effect of watermelon seed provides natural relief from hypertension.

11. FENUGREEK SEEDS  It contains potassium and dietary fiber; it can lower your blood pressure. Studies show fenugreek
seeds are useful in the treatment of hypertension.

12. LEMONS  A study shows lemon has antihypertensive property may be due to aura pentene present in it. The high vitamin C
content has the antioxidant property that lower free radicals and benefits heart health.
 16 SIMPLE HOME REMEDIES TO LOWER
BLOOD PRESSURE

13. BANANA  Banana is high in potassium content. A study found a natural compound in the banana has an antihypertensive effect
without any side effect. Eat a banana in the night before going to bed. Do not drink milk along with a banana.

14. GARLIC  Garlic produces nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide that relaxes the blood vessels, whether raw or cooked. Thus garlic is
effective in controlling high blood pressure. Garlic might lower pressure by about 5 mmHg.

15. APPLE CIDER VINEGAR  Organic, raw, unpasteurized ACV with the mother of vinegar is full of beneficial bacteria and
enzyme. Additionally, it contains vitamins B1, B2, B6, and C. Also; it contains small amounts of calcium, potassium, iron, and
magnesium. The acetic acid in ACV has many health benefits, including high blood pressure reduction. The research found acetic
acid reduced blood pressure. It is by lowering the renin activity; an enzyme regulates blood pressure. Another study shows ACV
effectively reduce cholesterol.

16. POTATOES  It contains high levels of magnesium and potassium; this helps to lower blood pressure.
 REMEMBER
IF YOU ARE INTERESTED IN USING HOME REMEDIES
TO LOWER YOUR BLOOD PRESSURE, INCORPORATE
THESE HOME REMEDIES ALONG WITH MEDICINE (DO
NOT STOP HYPERTENSION MEDICINES). IF HOME
REMEDIES START LOWERING YOUR BLOOD
PRESSURE EFFECTIVELY, THEN SLOWLY REDUCE
YOUR MEDICATION DOSAGE.

NUR KARTINI BINTI RAZAK

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 CONCLUSIONS
o HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE (HYPERTENSION) AND
HIGH CHOLESTEROL ALSO ARE LINKED. WHEN THE
ARTERIES BECOME HARDENED AND NARROWED
WITH CHOLESTEROL PLAQUE AND CALCIUM
(ATHEROSCLEROSIS), THE HEART HAS TO STRAIN MUCH
HARDER TO PUMP BLOOD THROUGH THEM. AS A
RESULT, BLOOD PRESSURE BECOMES ABNORMALLY
HIGH.
o THE GOOD NEWS IS THAT BOTH OF THESE RISK
FACTORS ARE VERY MANAGEABLE. MEDICATIONS ARE
AVAILABLE THAT ARE EFFECTIVE AT KEEPING BOTH HIGH
CHOLESTEROL AND HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE UNDER
CONTROL. THE IMPORTANT THING IS TO STAY IN
COMMUNICATION WITH YOUR DOCTOR, AND TO WATCH
YOUR NUMBERS CAREFULLY.
o YOU CAN ALSO ADOPT LIFESTYLE CHANGES THAT CAN
NATURALLY FORTIFY YOUR HEART AND BLOOD VESSELS
AND HELP YOU RESIST ANY DAMAGING EFFECTS.

RUMINAH BINTI ISMAIL

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 REFERENCES
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BLOOD LIPID PROFILES? MEDICINE, 96(18)
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mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-cholesterol/home/ovc-20181871
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