I- OI2I2O2O -l

%
TEST CODE
FORM TP 201605s MAY/JLINE 2016

CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL

CARIBBEAN SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE@
EXAMINATION

CHEMISTRY

Paper 02 - General Proflciency

2 hours 30 minutes

READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY.

1 This paper consists of SIX questions in TWO sections.

2 AnswerALL questions.

J Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.

4 Do NOT write in the margins.

5 Where appropriate, ALL WORKING MUST BE SHOWN in this booklet.

6 You may use a silent, non-programmable calculator to answer questions.

7 If you need to rewrite

any answer and there is not enough space to do so on the
original page, you must use the extra lined page(s) provided at the back of this
booklet. Remember to draw a line through your original answer.

8 If you use the extrapage(s) you MUST write the question number clearly in
the box provided at the top of the extra page(s) and, where relevant, include
the question part beside the answer.'

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.

Copyright @ 2014 Caribbean Examinations Council

All rights reserved.

L
012t20201F 20t6
ililil il] tililil tflililflllililt ilil t]il til tilr
0121202003 I
r SECTION A
4- -l
AnswerALL questions.

Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.

Do NOT spend more than 30 minutes on Question 1.

1. (a) A group of students was required to carry out an experiment in order to determine the
melting point of an unknown solid, A. The apparatus was set up as shown in Figure 1.

Thermometer
Boiling tube
with unknown
solid A
Beaker with water

Tripod

Bunsen burner
.r{
Figure 1. Diagram of apparatus set-up

Using the Bunsen burner, the water was heated to 80 "C. The Bunsen burner was turned
off and temperature readings were recorded EVERY minute for 10 minutes. =
:.E

-
lL_
,*
.=

rt
.E
]\
=
5
.t*
:.\:
.<

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

0t212020/F 20t6

L ililrilililffi ililil!ililflililflilillll]llllllllll
0121202004
 t- 5
-1
Figure 2 shows some of the thermometer readings recorded during the experiment.

80 70 70 60

:
Ft:
o.
70 l= 60
l 60 t: 50

Time: l min 2 min 5 min 7 min

60 50

50 40

Time 8 min 9 min

Figure 2. Thermometer readings

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

012120201F 20t6

L I llltil il] tilt ilil tilt

012',t202005
til[]il lilt lilil llll il lil
J
t- -6- -l
(D Complete Table I by inserting the thermometer readings from Figure 2 (page 5)
at the appropriate times.

TABLE 1: RESULTS OF EXPERIMENT

Time Temperature
(min) (,c)

0 80

,.4
:-\i
1
,.8

a
J 65

4 65

6 64

l0 48 ,h
(4 marks)

(iD Using the data from Table 1, plot the graph of temperature versus time on the grid
provided in Figure 3 on page 7. Five points have already been plotted for you.
Draw a smooth curve through the points to complete the cooling curve for A.
(5 marks)

ts
-\,

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

012t2020/F 2016

L ilt!il ffi 1 tililtililililil[]ililfl]il

0121202006
1ilt il il
I
t- -7 -l
Temperature ('C)
s
UT
(,r UI
(,r o\ O\{
UIO
{UI @

hJ

(,

.A

(D

UI

o\

--r

\o

Figure 3. Cooling curve of A

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

0t212020/F 2016

L ililil !il ilil ill] tilililfl]ilil[]il

0121202007
ilil ilililt
I
r (iiD List the THREE states of matter.
-8- -l

(l mark)

(iv) Deflne the term 'melting point'

,fo

-41
.a
(2 marks)

(v) Based on information from the graph plotted in (a) (ii), state the melting point of
A.

(1 mark)

(vi) From the graph plotted in (a) (ii), identifz the time range during which there should
be a mixture of liquid and solid in the boiling tube.

(1 mark)

(vii) State ONE precaution, other than wearing safety apparel, which should be taken
during this experiment to avoid injury to the face or hands.

(1 mark)

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

0t212020tF 2016

L ililil il] tilililililililfl]ililfl]il

0121202008
til] flil ffi
r (viii)
-9- -l
Complete Figure 4 by drawing the arrangement of the particles of A at 0 min and
10 min. gss o (one dot) to represent a particle. (2 marks)

Particles of A at 0 min Particles of A at 10 min

Figure 4. Particles of A

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

0r2t20201F 2016

L 0121202009 I
r (b)
- 10-

In another experiment, the group of students was given another unknown solid, B, and
-l
-=
-ft:
asked to identifiz it. They performed a series of tests and made some observations which .{i
are recorded in Table 2. Complete Table 2 by inserting the appropriate inferences. t:\
(8 marks) :11
JEi
-r*
TABLE 2: RESULTS OF.TESTS ON UNKNOWN SOLID, B ..r{
rl=
k
I$
'-'tsi
Test Observation Inference
F!
.N
-r\
'ili'j
'.'Fr
(i) Place a small portion of A reddish brown gas ..€
solid, B in a test tube and evolved ..E
jA-
---_*J
heat strongly using a Bunsen _-_+\
r-r=a
flame. (1 mark)

(ii) Dissolve the remainder

of B in about 10 cm3 of
distilled water, stir, then
fllter. Collect the filtrate
and divide it into three
equal portions for use in the
following tests.

(r11 ) To the first portion of the . White precipitate formed

filtrate from (b) (ii), add
NaOH solution slowly until . Soluble in excess
in excess.
(2 marks) l'{.{
l,..9
IE
f-4.
( lv) To the second portion of . White precipitate formed l.s
t-----------

the filtrate from (b) (ii), add

aqueous NH, slowly until in
excess. . Insoluble in excess

(2 marks)
l..x
li.ril
(v) To the third portion of the . Yellow precipitate formed a
L-e
[.=
filtrate from (b) (ii), add l..r;
Fti
aqueous KI. t
IF
(Ionic equation required) lE
t\
ffi
l.\
l
f--E
l:=
f--t=r
(3 marks) IG
IR
Total25 marks ls
GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE [c
0r2120201F 2016

L I ll!il t]lililt ilil illll tilt tillt tilt

0121202010
til] tilt ilil il
I
.1-l
=

=
::
:lt::
r - 1l - -l
=r
hi
F4

i,
4
!i+
-\i
t--{

Y1
tk+
lrir.

NOTHING HAS BEEN OMITTED.

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

0t2t20201F 20t6

L ilililil]tililt!iltil!til[illllillillillillilllll
0121202011 _t
I- -12- -l
2. (a) Distinguish between an 'oxidizing agent'and a 'reducing agent' in terms of electron gain rlF
or loss. IEi
E
F
lii
+i
H
t.hi
I*+
H
\;
E{
Lr.

(2 marks) I\1
$
a
(b) Jaden carried out some tests and recorded the observations in Table 3 below. Use the
information in the table to answer the questions that follow.

TABLE 3: OBSERVATIONS

Test Observation
I An aqueous solution of C was Potassium manganate(VlI)
_\
rll
added to acidified potassium
manganate(Vll).
solution changed from purple to
pale pink.
s
'-x
2 An aqueous solution of C was Potassium iodide solution changed .lria
"z
.lrai
.*;
added to a solution ofpotassium from colourless to brown. Ili
iodide. E
.t-i
3 A strip of iron was placed into an Blue solution faded and brown
aqueous solution of copper(Il) deposits settled.
sulfate.
4 A strip of silver was placed into Solution remained blue.
an aqueous solution ofcopper(Il)
sulfate.

(i) State an oxidizing agent that is NOT mentioned in Table 3

(1 mark)

(ii) Identify whether Solution C is acting as an oxidizing or reducing agent in

Test I and Test 2.
,-trr
Test 1
+i
'.trr
,}
.E
.FJ
Test 2
tii
:ii.
f,(
'iE
,E
(2 marks)
.E

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

012120201F 2016

L ililtil ilil ilil ilil tilililt ffi rilflililil!

0121202012
ilil ffi
J
r (iii)
-13-

With reference to oxidation states, explain EACH of your answers in (b) (ii).
-l
Test 1:

Test 2

(4 marks)

(iv) Write an ionic equation (with state symbols) for the reaction which took place in
Test 3.

(2 marks)

(v) With reference to the electrochemical series, explain the difference in observations
between Tests 3 and 4.

(4 marks)

Total 15 marks

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

0t2t20201F 20t6

L I ilil ilt tilt ilil tlllI rilr tffi

0121202013
rilr illt til til ffi
J
t- -t4- -l
3. (a) Define the term 'structural isomerism'

(2 marks) rle
.t
.\-Fa
(b) Compound P, HrC:CHCH2CH2CH, is a hydrocarbon. .E

.E
jil
(i) State the name of Compound P.
..8
.O
---rti-

(1 mark)

(iD State ONE physical property of Compound P.

(1 mark)

(iii) State ONE chemical property of Compound P.

IR
..+i
...\
-*
(1 mark)
..E*
..G
(iv) Draw the FULLY DISPLAYED structural formulae of Compound P and ONE of
.e
r.e
its isomers.

=
....r*l
:E
...4
---.l:*i
+i
.-tsr

..E
=
.I*t
..Ei
\i
s
.fi
r _it
Compound P Isomer of Compound P
..E
(4 marks) :\)
GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE
0t2t20201F 2016

L I fiil il] tililil] tililil| llll lill llll lill llllllll

0121202014 I
 =
=
,::=

:=
i-rr:l
r (c) Compound P reacts
- 15 - -l
with hydrogen gas in the presence of a catalyst to form Compound Q
=:
IEI.
E
l=tl (i) Draw the FULLY DISPLAYED structure of ONE BRANCHED isomer of
t5:. Compound Q.
Fi'-
fi?l
t-tl
k'
-l\i:
Iq:'
\.1
si
*
*-
;----l
E(l
.€:r
ei,
Ail

.l-i- (2 marks)
.=
n'-a
(iD State ONE physical properry of Compound Q

=
= (1 mark)
.:l*..
r:t
-1H--.
q.. (d) The following diagram shows the structure of Compound R.
._:$..
1%r
.Ei--. OH
|ti
.h-,
.k
liil H,C cH2 cH2 CH CH,
r.-..
'sa-.j
.lii-.
-
'\--1 Compound R
t(.
-]
.f-.. State the name of Compound R.
+
--\.+

:o:.
s. (1 mark)

= (e) State the conditions required for the dehydration of ethanol.

=
:-.:
.=$.
-r.Jj
.r*L
&.
_
a_-- 1
(2 marks)
.%l-l
Eil
tlra-l
'!ti:1 Total 15 marks
{+.
>.:-l
i+i
-trJ.
.Li.
r\+
f4.
.{-r.
:+
,s:.
--lttl
GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE
0t212020/F 20t6
,:=
=..:
nn:
tt..:,
L 0121202015 I
I- -t6- -l
SECTION B

AnswerALL questions.

4. (a) Graphite and diamond are two allotropes of carbon. Deflne the term 'allotrope'. Illustrate
your answer by drawing the lattice structures for both diamond and graphite.

Diamond Graphite

.t-
:o
,iS

(6 marks)

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

0t2120201F 20t6

L ililil ililril ilil iltll tilt

0121202016
!]ll ilil !]!t ilil til lllr
J
 _l
t- -17 -

(b) Like metals, graphite can conduct electricity but diamond cannot conduct electricify,

(i) Describe the bonding present in metals.

(2 marks)
tri,.
(r.
ft. (ii) Explain, in terms of bonding, why graphite conducts electricity but diamond does
NOT conduct electricity.

'::::a

=:, (2 marks)
q.
{ri}--

lz4',
=.i
{ii-.:
ti-
f{it.
5
l!{-r.

5-l
lr\..
ft
trr-.

tsr
E.
!(:
ia,--
t,:t
$
.R.i
ra':
ft.
-I.'

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

= 01212020tF 2016

L I iltil lllt ililt ilil tllll tilt t]ll il]t ilil ilil ilt ilt
0121202017 _l
r (c)
- 18 -

Sodium chloride and calcium oxide both have similar giant ionic crystalline structures
-l
with high melting points. Howeveq the melting point of calcium oxide is higher than that
of sodium chloride. Sketch the lattice structure for sodium chloride and suggest why its
melting point would be lower than that of calcium oxide.

..
..€i
t
.-.g
_..rr+
1':-

i.*:

G
:-g
i:![
.'ii,+
riri
E
.'ti:
ts
.!+
:'ilf
i tirt
-- hiit'

.-*-
--* !(
.ti
+
..Q}

,tS
.-s

(5 marks) t.E
iE
t\{
Total 15 marks
,_5
..\
itrI
i..t{
f.'J-
t!(
Iix.
l'-'ti
Io
l-.R
l'c
[rG l
GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE t_ ._-_._

F.
0t2120201F 2016 L--

L I ilil il] ilil ill] till lill

0121202018
lil lill illl lllll llil lll
I t--
t __-
t_.

t.....
|--'
l:.:::
_-.-

---
l- '---
|
f -'---
l-r --
t--.
t---.
J-111111
 t- -19- -l
5. (a) Methane, CHo, is the simplest hydrocarbon known to man.

Identiff the type of bonding present in methane. State a reason for your answer,

k.\i
I+.
tsr
.|-f

F+
r+.r
Li
<)
k (3 marks)
s
.^^i
r\+
(b) Methane, like other alkanes, is generally unreactive. However, under certain conditions,
= it can undergo reactions with chlorine, Cl, forming carbon tetrachloride, CClo.
...:.
.'.: (i) Write a balanced equation for this reaction.
n;
----f;,

srs.
++

'ir+
fi}.
!*.
E',
F; (2 marks)

(iD State the type of reaction taking place and identifz the reaction conditions

(2 marks)

\:
=

Fi
sR
G
ft. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE
012120201F 2016
=
= L Iflilil]tilttilttlllltiltt]lltiltt]iltiltlliltilt
0121202019 J
 ::,.

=
t- -20-

(c) Identiff and draw the structural formulae ofthe alkene and the acid from the list ofmolecular
.-*
formulae given below. .1H
f,
c4H8' c.H'O, c4H8o2, c4Hroo =
..Vl
.-r1l}
._Fr
t.ri
-I$
-bi
jji;

Ei
'-E
:F+
€l
E

Alkene Acid:
(4 marks)

(d) For EACH of the following pairs ofcompounds, identifii a test that can be used to distinguish
between them. In your answer, include the expected observation(s).

(i) An alkane and an alkene E

-fri
I&
-.t*
\
.fi
E
*
.E
G
=
:-o
(2 marks) s
(iD An alkane and a carboxylic acid

(2 marks)

Total 15 marks

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

0t2t20201F 2016

L ffi 0121202020
 r
6- (a)
-2t -

The Caribbean islands are known for their many resources. For example, the ore of
-l
aluminium is found in Jamaica and Guyana.

(i) Briefly describe the extraction of aluminium from its named ore. Include in your
description ONE ionic equation.

tst:
\ll

(5 marks)

(ii) Although aluminium ore is mined in the Caribbean, the extraction of aluminium
usually takes place in other countries. Suggest ONE reason why it may be difficult
to extract aluminium in the Caribbean.

(2 marks)

FT
\.

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

012t2020/F 20t6

L I lilil il] tffi ill] tilt ilil

0121202021
lil tilt ilfi lil] til ilt
J
r (b) An alloy can be described
aa
- LL.

'mixed metal solution'. Aluminium forms an alloy with

as a
-l
magnesium that is used to make aircraft.
''\
Identifu this alloy and suggest why it is better to use it, rather than the pure metal, in the -!2,
'ts
manufacture of aircraft. *
.ft
-rl
..,Irl
.{i
i,l=
's
--.8.

.{=
E
_-_].r

--trJ

=
'-.+
(5 marks) ._-_:_-:
.'.{€
..E
..=
':v
(c) "Some metals can be useful to man but yet harmful to the environment." Comment on .:{iE
this statement with reference to mercury. ir=
.'.t
'.'ti
.E
E
-.|5
,E
:t
*ra

.I
:jE

--
(3 marks)

Total 15 marks
t':::.-,

.-.8
.:t

END OF TEST +
+t
.,F
-E
IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORI( ON THIS TEST. i.ll
---ra

=
--A
,:2
.-
:---
E

012120201F 2016

L I tililt il] ilil ilil il]t

0121202022
tilt lill llll lill lffi lil lil
I